Agile java development with spring hibernate and eclipse 200

AgileJavaDevelopmentwithSpring,Hibernateand
Eclipse
ByAnilHemrajani
...............................................
Publisher:Sams
PubDate:May09,2006
PrintISBN-10:0-672-32896-8
PrintISBN-13:978-0-672-32896-1
Pages:360

TableofContents|Index

AgileJava™DevelopmentWithSpring,HibernateandEclipseisabookaboutrobust
technologiesandeffectivemethodswhichhelpbringsimplicitybackintotheworldof
enterpriseJavadevelopment.Thethreekeytechnologiescoveredinthisbook,theSpring
Framework,HibernateandEclipse,helpreducethecomplexityofenterpriseJava
developmentsignificantly.Furthermore,thesetechnologiesenableplainoldJavaobjects
(POJOs)tobedeployedinlight-weightcontainersversusheavy-handedremoteobjects
thatrequireheavyEJBcontainers.Thisbookalsoextensivelycoverstechnologiessuchas
Ant,JUnit,JSPtaglibrariesandtouchesuponotherareassuchassuchlogging,GUIbased
debugging,monitoringusingJMX,jobscheduling,emailing,andmore.Also,Extreme
Programming(XP),AgileModelDrivenDevelopment(AMDD)andrefactoringaremethods
thatcanexpeditethesoftwaredevelopmentprojectsbyreducingtheamountofupfront
requirementsanddesign;hencethesemethodsareembeddedthroughoutthebookbut
withjustenoughdetailsandexamplestonotsidetrackthefocusofthisbook.Inaddition,
thisbookcontainswellseparated,subjectivematerial(opinionsidebars),comic
illustrations,tipsandtricks,allofwhichprovidereal-worldandpracticalperspectiveson
relevanttopics.Lastbutnotleast,thisbookdemonstratesthecompletelifecycleby
buildingandfollowingasampleapplication,chapter-by-chapter,startingfrom
conceptualizationtoproductionusingthetechnologyandprocessescoveredinthisbook.
Insummary,byusingthetechnologiesandmethodscoveredinthisbook,thereaderwill

beabletoeffectivelydevelopenterprise-classJavaapplications,inanagilemanner!




AgileJavaDevelopmentwithSpring,Hibernateand
Eclipse
ByAnilHemrajani
...............................................
Publisher:Sams
PubDate:May09,2006
PrintISBN-10:0-672-32896-8
PrintISBN-13:978-0-672-32896-1
Pages:360

TableofContents|Index

Copyright
Forewords
AbouttheAuthor
Acknowledgments

Preface
PartI:Overview
Chapter1.IntroductiontoAgileJavaDevelopment
What'sCoveredinThisChapter
TechnologiesUsedinThisBook
SoftwareDevelopmentMethodologyUsedinThisBook
Summary
RecommendedResources
Chapter2.TheSampleApplication:AnOnlineTimesheetSystem
What'sCoveredinThisChapter
BusinessRequirements
SoftwareDevelopmentMethodology
ApplyingXPandAMDDtoOurSampleApplication
ANoteAboutWikiSoftware
Summary
RecommendedResources
PartII:BuildingtheSampleApplication
Chapter3.XPandAMDD-BasedArchitectureandDesignModeling

What'sCoveredinThisChapter
DesignApproachandArtifactChoices
Free-FormArchitectureDiagram
FromUserStoriestoDesign
ExploringClassesUsingCRCCards
ApplicationFlowMap(HomegrownArtifact)
UMLClassDiagram
UMLPackageDiagram
DirectoryStructure
SampleFileNames
End-to-EndDevelopmentSteps
AcceptanceTests
OtherConsiderations
Summary
RecommendedResources
Chapter4.EnvironmentSetup:JDK,Ant,andJUnit
What'sCoveredinThisChapter
JavaPlatformStandardEditionDevelopmentKit(JDK)
DirectoryStructure
Ant
JUnit
SimpleTest:MakingtheToolsWorkTogether
TestFirstDesignandRefactoring

Summary
RecommendedResources
Chapter5.UsingHibernateforPersistentObjects
What'sCoveredinThisChapter
AnOverviewofObject-RelationalMapping(ORM)
DesignofOurSampleDatabase
WhereHSQLDBandHibernateFitintoOurArchitecture
HSQLDB
WorkingwithHibernate
OtherHibernateFeatures
Summary
RecommendedResources
Chapter6.OverviewoftheSpringFramework
What'sCoveredinThisChapter
WhatIsSpring?




SpringPackagingforDevelopment



SpringPackagingforDeployment

OverviewoftheSpringModules
WhereSpringFrameworkFitsintoOurArchitecture
BenefitsofUsingSpring
FundamentalSpringConcepts
SpringSubprojects
Summary
RecommendedResources
Chapter7.TheSpringWebMVCFramework
What'sCoveredinThisChapter
BenefitsoftheSpringWebMVCFramework
SpringWebMVCConcepts
SpringSetupforTimeExpression
DevelopingTimeExpressionUserInterfaceswithSpring
CascadingStyleSheet(CSS)
TimesheetListScreen:ANo-FormControllerExample
EnterHoursScreen:AFormControllerExample
ViewswithNoControllers
SpringHandlerInterceptors
OurSampleApplicationinAction!
NewTagLibrariesinSpringFramework2.0
AWordAboutSpringWebFlowandPortletAPI

Summary
RecommendedResources
Chapter8.TheEclipsePhenomenon!
What'sCoveredinThisChapter
TheEclipseFoundation
TheEclipsePlatformandProjects
EclipseSDKConcepts
InstallingEclipse
SettingUpEclipseforTimeExpression
JavaDevelopmentTools(JDT)Features
InstallingtheEclipseWebToolsPlatform(WTP)Plug-ins
UsingEclipseforTimeExpression
MoreEclipse?Yes,Plug-insGalore!
EclipseTeamSupport
EclipseHelpSystem




TipsandTricks




UninstallingEclipse
AnUnfairComparisontoIntelliJandNetBeans

Summary
RecommendedResources
PartIII:AdvancedFeatures
Chapter9.Logging,Debugging,Monitoring,andProfiling
What'sCoveredinThisChapter
LoggingOverview
JakartaCommonsLogging(withLog4jandJDKLogging)
DebuggingJavaApplicationsUsingEclipse
DebuggingWebUserInterfacesUsingFirefox
DebuggingTimesheetManagerTestEnd-to-End(BrowsertoDatabase)
JMXManagementandMonitoring
JavaProfilers
DebuggingTips
Summary
RecommendedResources
Chapter10.BeyondtheBasics
What'sCoveredinThisChapter
RecentlyAddedJavaFeatures
AntTasks
JUnit
Hibernate
TheSpringFramework

TheSpringandHibernateHarmony
JSPTagLibraries
Refactoring
OtherConsiderations
Clustering
Multithreading
ANoteAboutJavaGUI(ThickClient)Applications
ConfigurationManagement(CM)Environments
AsynchronousJavaScriptandXML(AJaX)
JavadocandComments
EntireSysteminOneWARFile!
Summary
RecommendedResources




Chapter11.WhatNext?



What'sCoveredinThisChapter




CompletetheTimeExpressionApplication
XPandAMDD-BasedSoftwareDevelopment

JavaPlatform
Ant
JUnit
Hibernate
TheSpringFramework
EclipseSDK
Logging,Debugging,Monitoring,andProfiling
GettingHelp
AQuickNoteAboutCode"Quality"Tools
Summary
RecommendedResources
Chapter12.PartingThoughts
MyNearFuturePlans
TheFuture,AgileMethods,JavaTechnology
Cheers!
PartIV:Appendices
AppendixA.DownloadableCodeforThisBook
Third-PartyLibrariesSharedDirectory
SampleApplicationDirectory(rapidjava/timex/)
RefactoredSampleApplicationDirectory(rapidjava/timex2/)
Spring-HibernateIntegrationDemoDirectory(rapidjava/springhibernate/)
AppendixB.RefactoringDonetoSampleApplication
SignInController.java:JMXMonitoring
TimesheetListController.java:JMXMonitoring

ManagerClasses:Spring-HibernateIntegration
timesheetlist.jsp:SwitchtoIncludeFileandDisplaytag
enterhours.jsp:SwithtoIncludeFileandTimexTagLibrary
*TestClassesandTimexTestCase
DateUtil.java:NewMethod
timex.css:NewStyles
timexhsqldb.xml:BadDataDefectFix
AppendixC.JavaCodeConventions
AppendixD.SecuringWebApplications

AppendixE.SampleDevelopmentProcessCheatSheet
ProjectInitiation
ExplorationPhase
Planning
IncrementallyBuildSoftwareinIterations
AppendixF.AgileModelingValues,Practices,andPrinciplesCheatSheet
AppendixG.ExtremeProgramming(XP)CheatSheet
Overview

AppendixH.CoolTools
Cross-PlatformTools
MicrosoftWindows-BasedTools
MacOSX-BasedTools
Linux-BasedTools(KDE)
AppendixI.VisualPatternsResearch
TheProblem
ThePast:HowWeHaveBeenKiddingOurselves
TheFuture:AgileMethods
MyPerspective
JointheCommunity?
Index


Copyright
AgileJavaDevelopmentwithSpring,Hibernateand
Eclipse
Copyright©2006bySamsPublishing
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookshallbereproduced,
storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedbyanymeans,
electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,
withoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher.Nopatent
liabilityisassumedwithrespecttotheuseoftheinformation
containedherein.Althougheveryprecautionhasbeentakenin
thepreparationofthisbook,thepublisherandauthorassume
noresponsibilityforerrorsoromissions.Norisanyliability
assumedfordamagesresultingfromtheuseoftheinformation
containedherein.
LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber:2005937888
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica

FirstPrinting:May2006
090807064321

Trademarks
Alltermsmentionedinthisbookthatareknowntobe
trademarksorservicemarkshavebeenappropriately
capitalized.SamsPublishingcannotattesttotheaccuracyof
thisinformation.Useofaterminthisbookshouldnotbe
regardedasaffectingthevalidityofanytrademarkorservice
mark.


WarningandDisclaimer
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AcquisitionsEditorJennyWatson
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PageLayoutNonieRatcliff
AgileJavaDevelopmentwithSpring,Hibernate,and
Eclipseisawell-writtenguidethatcoversnumerous
significanttechnologies,weavingthemtogetherusing
practicalandprovenmethodsthatwillsurelyprovide
valuetopractitionersofeverylevel.
DanMalks,VPSolutions&StrategicDevelopment,JackBe
Inc;Author,CoreJ2EEPatterns
Anil'srelentlessdedicationtohighqualityreallyshows.
Thisisaverywell-writtenbook!
MadhuSiddalingaiah,Consultant(madhu.com)
Anilhasanuncannyabilitytocuttothechaseandtellyou
whatyouwanttoknow.Thisbookisoneofthosejewels
thatappearsonlyinfrequently.Insteadofvoluminous
explanationsofAPIs,Anilprovidesinsightfulinterpretation
inhighlyvisualterms,withasimpleexamplethatthreads
allthewaythroughthebook.Itisamasterworkof
usability,ascomputerbooksgo.

CliffBerg,founderofAssuredbyDesign,co-founderof
DigitalFocus,authorandconsultant

Dedication
Thisisdedicatedtomylovingandcaringwifewhohasalways
patientlysupportedme(andmyoddways).Thankyoufor
takingcareofeverythingduringthetimesIwasconsumedby
projectssuchasthisbook.Thisbookwouldnotbepossible
withoutyou!And,ofcourse,tomydearestkidswhobrighten
myeveryday.


Forewords
Thetruegoalofaforewordistoconvincepeopletopurchase
thebook.So,Iguessyouhavethreechoicesrightnow.First,
youcansaveyourselfsometime,stopreadingthisforeword
rightnow,andsimplytakemywordforitthatbuyingthisbook
isagoodwaytoinvestyourhard-earnedmoney.Second,you
couldnottrustme,whichfranklyisasmartthingtodobecause
I'maconsultant,andcontinuereadingthisforewordonthe
chanceImightactuallysaysomethingthatresonateswithyou
andtherebymotivateyoutobuythebook.Third,youcould
decidetonotpurchasethebook,whichislikelyareallybad
ideabecausethevastmajorityofJavaprogrammersthatIhave
metcouldreallybenefitfromthismaterial.
Inmyopinion,thelastthingthattheJavacommunityneedsis
anotherbookdescribingsome"reallycool"Javatechnologies;
therearehundredsofbooksouttherealready,thousandsof
magazinearticles,andtensofthousandsofwebpagesalready
coveringreallycoolJavatechnologies.Luckily,that'snotwhat

thisbookisabout.AgileJavaDevelopmentisoneofthoserare
booksthatteachesskillsthatyouwillusethroughoutyour
career.Yes,itdoescoverthefundamentalsofSpring,
Hibernate,Ant,andabunchofotherstuffthatyouneedto
succeedtoday.But,moreimportantly,itgoesbeyondthe
technologytodescribeagiletechniques,adoptedfromExtreme
Programming(XP)andAgileModeling(AM),whichenableyou
tosucceedatmodernsoftwaredevelopment.
MostJavadevelopershaveheardaboutXPandmanyhave
adoptedsomeofitstechniques,suchastest-drivendesign
(TDD),refactoring,andevenpairprogramming.Thisisagood
start,butit'snotenough.Inthisbook,Anilbringshisyearsof
experiencetothetable,describingwhatactuallyworksin
practice.Thisisdifferentfromotherbooksthatoftensharea


visionofwhattheauthorthinkswillworkintheory;butaswe
allknow,theoryandpracticeareoftentwodifferentthings.
WhenAnilfirstapproachedmetobeatechnicalreviewerofthis
book,thethingthatmostimpressedmewashissimple,yet
effective,approachtomodelingonJavaprojects.Infact,you
mightwanttoflipthroughthebookrightnowandtakeaquick
lookatsomeofthemodels.Ithinkthatyou'llnoticethathis
diagramsareverysimilartowhatyoudevelopyourselfon
actualprojectsarefreshingchangefromtheadvicepresentedin
manyofthemodelingbooksavailabletoday.You'llalsonotice
howAnildescribeshowtomovefromthosesimplemodelsto
theoften-complexcodethatyouwriteonadailybasis.ThisI
thinkrepresentsthegreateststrengthofthisbook:itpresents
real-worldadvicethatreflectswhattop-notchdevelopers

actuallydoinpractice.
Thebookalsoshowshowmanyofthecommontasksthatwe
perform,suchasacceptancetesting,unittesting,
object/relationalmapping,systemintegration,andrefactoring,
fitintothesoftwaredevelopmentpicture.Thebookstartswith
the"5,000foot"processpointofview,butdivesdownto
groundlevelanddescribeshowtousethetoolsinpractice.
Mostbooksfocusononeviewbutnottheother,butAgileJava
Developmentpullsitoffnicelyandcoversbothviewswell.Take
afewminutesandbrowsetherestofthisbook.Ithinkyou'll
seewhatI'mtalkingabout.
ScottW.Ambler
PracticeLeader,AgileModeling
Thisbookisnoteasilycategorized.Letmeexplainwhyit's
unusual,andwhyitdeservesyourattention.
Easilycategorizablebooksaboundinourindustry.Theyare
oftenbooksaboutaparticularproductorAPI.Somearegood;


somearebad.Youcanchoosebythecover,thefont,the
publisher,thecredibilityoftheauthorbutyouhavealready
madeafarmoreimportantchoice:Youknowwhatbookyou
arelookingfor.Agoodsuchcommoditybookmaymakeyou
moreefficientinaparticulararea,butit'sunlikelytochange
thewayyouwork.
Booksthatarenoteasilycategorizablearemuchrarer.They
relatemuchmorecloselytotheirauthor,andpotentiallytoyou.
Thepresentbookshowshowvaluablesuchabookcanbe.Anil
Hemrajanihasdistilledhisextensiveexperienceasanarchitect
anddeveloperintoabookthataboundsinthepracticalinsights

ofasuccessfulpractitioner.Likeallthebestbooks,it'san
effectivecommunicationbetweenauthorandreader.Aswithall
effectivecommunication,thetopicisnotlimitedtothe
predictable,andit'senjoyable:Anilhasanaturalwritingstyle
thatisapleasuretoread.
Thisbookhasaremarkablybroadscope.Ittacklestopicsthat
arerarelytackledtogether,butshouldbe.Theprocessweuse
todevelopsoftwareisinextricablylinkedtothewayinwhichwe
structureourcodeandthetoolsweusetowritethatcode.No
effectivedeveloperworksinacompartmentalizedfashionthe
manydecisionstobemadeareintertwinedbutmostbooks
makelittleattempttopaintthebigpicturethatisessentialto
gettingresults.
TodevelopJavasoftwareproductivelytoday,youneedto
understandkeyconceptssuchasO/RmappingandDependency
Injection;youneedtounderstandhowandwhytouse
techniquessuchasunittestingandautomatedbuilds;
andequallysignificantyouneedtoknowthebesttoolsforthe
job,suchasframeworksandIDEs.Youalsoneedtounderstand
someofthepitfallstoavoid,andhowsometimessoftskillsare
ascriticalastechnology.
Anilhasdonearemarkablejobofbringingthesethings


togetherintoabookthatprovidesclarityinanareathatmany
findconfusing.Itcoversalotofground,butneverlosessightof
itsaimtohelpreaderscompletesuccessfulprojects.
Iseethisbookasagoodmap.Itclearlyshowsyouthepathon
yourjourneytosuccessfulenterpriseJavadevelopment.Along
theway,youmaysupplementitwithmoredetailedmapsof

particularareas.Butyouwillalwaysbenefitfromthedirectionit
provides.
Irecommendthisbooktoanyonesettingouttobecomean
enterpriseJavapractitionertoday.Itmaywellchangetheway
youwork,forthebetter.
RodJohnson
CEO,Interface21
Founder,SpringFramework




AbouttheAuthor
AnilHemrajanihasbeenworkingwithJavaTechnologysince
late1995asadeveloper,entrepreneur,author,andtrainer.He
isthefounderofIsavixCorporation,asuccessfulITservice
company(nowInscopeSolutions),andisavix.net(now
DeveloperHub.com),anaward-winningonlinedeveloper
communitythatgrewtomorethan100,000registered
members.Hehas20yearsofexperienceintheinformation
technologycommunityworkingwithseveralFortune100
companiesandalsosmallerorganizations.Hehaspublished
numerousarticlesinwell-knowntradejournals,presentedat
conferencesandseminarsaroundtheworld,andreceivedthe
"OutstandingContributiontotheGrowthoftheJava
Community"awardfromSunMicrosystems,the"BestJava
Client"awardatJavaOneforBackOnline,aJava-basedonline
backupclient/serverproduct,andwasnominatedfora
Computerworld-Smithsonianawardforafreeonlinefilestorage
servicewebsite.Hismorerecentprojectisthe

visualpatterns.comwebsite.




Acknowledgments
Iwrotethisbookbutitwouldn'thavebeenpossiblewithoutthe
helpofmanybrilliantpeopleIhavethedistinctpleasureof
knowing.Itrulywanttothankeveryonelistedhere,fromthe
bottomofmyheart!
CliffBergFirstandforemost,IwanttothankCliff,alongtimefriendandcolleague,forinspiringmetowritethis
bookandgivingmetheconfidencebyvalidatingand
supportingmyideas.
ScottW.AmblerForagreeingtoco-writetheforewordfor
thisbookandreviewingeverysingleelementinit,chapter
bychapter.Scotthasbecomeoneofmyidolsinthisfield,
givenhisworkonAgileModelingandAgileData,soI'mstill
amazedthatheagreedtogetinvolvedwiththisbook
consideringhowenormouslybusyheis.Ialsowantto
thankScottforthewww.agilemodeling.comand
www.agiledata.orgwebsites;thesehavebeeninvaluablefor
me.Scott,thankyou.
RodJohnsonWhenIfirstmetRod,IhadnoideaIwouldbe
writingthisbookoraskinghimforaforewordIjustknew
wesharedsimilarviewsandIrespectedhisworkalot.
GiventheSpringFramework'spopularitythesedays,I'm
surprisedthatRodevenfindstimetosleep,sofittinginthe
forewordformybookwasespeciallymeaningfultome
(thankyou!).IalsowanttothankRodforputtingtogether
theSpringFramework,somethingI'veenjoyedworking

with.
AnilSinghIcannotevenbegintothank(theother)Anilfor
hishelp;thelonghours,theinvaluablefeedback,thelate


nightsoverthephonediscussingthecontentsofmy
chapters(3a.m.attimes)thanksforeverything!I
particularlyappreciateAnil'savailabilityalmostanyand
everytime,todiscussmybook.Yet,allIcanofferinreturn
isaheartwarmingthankyou!
DanShellmanForhisrapidbutdetailedandhonest
feedback,whichhelpedmakethisbooksomuchbetter.
Thanksfortoleratingthe100orsoemailsIsentoverthe
courseofthisbook.Iparticularlyappreciateyourfeedback
andtelephoneconversationsonweekendsandevenon
familyvacations!Danhasbeenalong-timecolleagueand
friendandIhopethisremainsthecaseforalongtimeto
come.
HareshLalaForhisconstantfeedbackonanythingand
everything!Thanksfortestingallmycode(twice!)and
readingmychaptersintheirearliest,veryrough,draft
form.Mostofall,thankyouforhelpingmeduringatime
whenyouweresuperbusywithnewthingsinyourlife.
HernandoVeraWhatwouldIdowithoutHernando'sastute
thinking,clearpresentationofideas,andwell-thought-out
interpretationoftechnologies?Hernandohasbeenoneof
my"goto"guysforalmostadecadenow.WhenI'min
doubt,IknowIcanturntohimforanswersfrom
developmenttodesigntoarchitecturetoprocessandmore.
Ihaveyettomeetanyoneelsethathasthefullpackage:

brilliant,innovative,current,andmostofalloneofthe
nicestpeopleIknow.
MartinRemmelzwaalMartinandImetrelativelyrecently
butIalreadyconsiderhimaclosefriend.Thanksfor
reviewingmyearlierchapters.However,Iparticularlywant
tothankyouforrespondingtomyneverendingemails
aboutyourperspectiveonvarioustechnology,and


methodology,relatedmatters.Ihopetocollaboratewith
Martinonvariousprojectsinthefuture.
TheSpringFrameworkteamFirstofall,youguysare
simplyawesome!Now,forspecificnames.Iwanttothank
AlefArendsenforhisreviewofChapters6and7and
assistanceingeneralwithanythingandeverythingSpring;
Alef'sreviewsignificantlyimprovedChapters6and7.Ialso
wanttothankJuergenHoellerforhishelpondeclarative
transactionmanagementandlatediscussionsabout
interfaces.Giventhespringteam'sdayjobs(helping
clients),nightjobs(workingontheframework),and
jugglingmultiplereleasesatthesametimewell,whatcanI
saybutthanks,guys!
MadhuSiddalingaiahForhisguidanceindraftingupthe
outlineofthisbook(andotherpublishingmatters),andalso
forhisvaluablefeedbackonChapter8.
DaveBermanDave'sin-depthreviewofChapter2and
variousdiscussionsaboutAgilemethodshelpedmakethe
Agile/XPaspectsofthisbookmoresolidandthorough.
JeffNielsenForhistimelyfeedbackonmydiagramsin
Chapter2and3andtheXP+AMDDcomicseriesusedin

thisbook;Iwasabletofixsomemajorerrorsinthenickof
time,thankstoJeff!
RamanandSinghForourinitialdiscussionsaboutSpring
andfeedbackonChapter6.
PearsonstaffIwanttothankthestaffatPearson(Songlin,
Mandie,Kim,Mark,Barbara,andseveralothersbehindthe
scenes)forproducingthisbook;aspecialthankstoJenny
forherinvolvementfrombeginningtoend;herbeingthere
helpedmeduringnormalandfrustratingtimes.Ialsowant


tothankBorisforhisin-depth,direct,andvaluablereview
ofthisbookthisbookwouldn'tbewhatitiswithouthishelp.
TomyfriendPeter,thanksfortheintellectualstimulusfrom
timetotime,whichhelpedmeapproachthebookfrom
uniqueperspectives.Also,combinedwithAndyandMissy,
thanksforallthelaughs,whichhelpedmeletlooseabit
whenIneededitmost(particularlyduringtheweeksof
continuous14-to15-hourdayswritingthisbook).
TotheGreenberry'scoffeeandteashopstaffforprovidinga
comfortableenvironment,high-speedinternet,andgreat
coffeeandfood;alloftheseallowedmetoworktherefor
hoursatatimeonthisbook.
Lastbutnotleast,thisbookisbasedontheinnovativework
ofmanypeopleinourindustrywhohavebecomemyidols,
sotospeak.Iwouldliketothankthesepeople,because
theyhelpedmeindirectlybycontributingsomeinvaluable
andamazingconcepts.SomeofthesepeopleincludeMartin
Fowler,KentBeck,EricGamma,WardCunningham,and
others.

WeWanttoHearfromYou!
Asthereaderofthisbook,youareourmostimportantcritic
andcommentator.Wevalueyouropinionandwanttoknow
whatwe'redoingright,whatwecoulddobetter,whatareas
you'dliketoseeuspublishin,andanyotherwordsofwisdom
you'rewillingtopassourway.
Youcanemailorwritemedirectlytoletmeknowwhatyoudid
ordidn'tlikeaboutthisbookaswellaswhatwecandotomake
ourbooksstronger.
PleasenotethatIcannothelpyouwithtechnicalproblems


relatedtothetopicofthisbook,andthatduetothehigh
volumeofmailIreceive,Imightnotbeabletoreplytoevery
message.
Whenyouwrite,pleasebesuretoincludethisbook'stitleand
authoraswellasyournameandphoneoremailaddress.Iwill
carefullyreviewyourcommentsandsharethemwiththeauthor
andeditorswhoworkedonthebook.
E-mail:



Mail:

MarkTaber

AssociatePublisher
PearsonEducation
800East96thStreet
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Preface
IBEGANWORKINGWITHJAVATECHNOLOGYinlate1995,
shortlybeforetheJavaDevelopmentKit(JDK)1.0wasformally
released.Priortothat,IwasprogramminginCandC++for
manyyears.IwastrulyexcitedaboutthefeaturesthatJava
offered,suchascross-platformportability,simplersyntax
(simplerthanC++,forexample),objectoriented,secure,rich
API,andmore.
Overmy20-yearcareer,Ihavelearnedafewthings.Among
these,myfavoriteissimplicity;anytimeIseecomplexity,I
begindoubtingwhetherthesolutioniscorrect.ThisishowIhad
beguntofeelaboutJavarightaround2000,whentheJava2
EnterpriseEdition(J2EE)startedbecomingmainstream.Note
thatfromthispointon,IwillrefertoJ2EEasJEEbecausethe
"2"wasrecentlydroppedfromthenamebySunMicrosystems.

MygrowinglackofinterestinJavawasaresultofwhatIsaw
asunnecessarycomplexityinJEEintroducedbylayersof
abstraction.IbegantobelievethatSunMicrosystems(inventor
ofJava)wasfocusingJavaandJEEonsolvingthemostcomplex
enterpriseapplications,butsomewhatignoringtherelatively
lesscomplex,small-tomedium-sizedapplications.
Furthermore,Isawthehypetakeoverpeople'scommonsense
becauseIranacrossprojectsinwhichEnterpriseJavaBeans
(EJB)wereusedfornondistributedprocessing,suchaslocal
logging.Ifeltstronglyenoughaboutthissubjecttowritea
shortarticleforJavaWorld.comin2000
(titled,"DoYouReallyNeedEnterprise
JavaBeans?"(Aboutfiveyearslater,wesawEJB3.0
specificationsbeingrewrittentobecomemoresimplified,to
easethedevelopment.)Thisbringsustothisbookandthe
reasonIwroteit.


IwasrecentlyhiredasaconsultantforaFortune100company
tobuildanenterprisewebapplicationrunninginaclustered
environment.Whilereviewingalternativestothestandard
JEE/EJBmodelbyresearchingonlineandhavingdiscussions
withsomesmartpeople,Idecidedonasolution,whichincluded
theSpringMVCwebframework,Hibernateobject-relational
(OR)persistenceframework,theEclipseIDE,JUnittesting
framework,Antbuildutility,severaltaglibraries,andafew
otherproducts.(Alltheseproductsarecoveredindetaillaterin
thisbook,alongwithmyrationaleforchoosingthese
technologies.)
IhaveenjoyedworkingwithSpringandHibernate,mainly

becausetheyallowmetoworkwithplain-oldJavaobjects
(POJOs)andavoidsomeofthehasslesofworkingwithEJBs.
Also,workingwiththeEclipseIDEhasbeenaniceexperience.I
continuetobeamazedathowwellthisproductworks,andthat
isthereasonIdedicateawholechapterinthisbooktoit.Inmy
opinion,productssuchastheonesmentionedhereare
breathingnewlifeintoJavaatatimewhenJavaisatriskof
losingitspopularitytoalternativessuchasMicrosoft's.NET,
LAMP(Linux,Apache,MySQL,andPHPorPython/PERL),and
RubyonRails.
Inthisbook,althoughSpring,Hibernate,andEclipseare
highlighted,akeygoalformeistoprovideyouwithacomplete
solutionfromtechnicalandprocessperspectives.Froma
technicalperspective,Iprovideanend-to-endsolution(usinga
varietyoftools)forimplementingacompletesampleweb
applicationwithtransactionmanagementinthebackendand
suitableforaclusteredenvironment.Fromaprocess
perspective,IrecentlyswitchedfromusingtheRationalUnified
Process(RUP)toaprocesscomposedofguidelinesprovidedby
AgileModelDrivenDevelopment(AMDD;agilemodeling.com)
andExtremeProgramming(XP;extremeprogramming.org).As
aresult,inthisbookyouwillfindconceptsandartifactssuchas
userstories,releaseplans,CRCcards,andmore.Theideaisto


provideyouwithacomprehensivesolutionforrapidly
developinganddeployingenterpriseJavaapplications.
Oneadditionalnoteaboutmybackground.Ihavebeena
developerforalmost20years,primarilyworkingwithcore
technologiessuchasC/C++,Java,enterpriserelational

databases,applicationservers,Unix,MicrosoftWindows,andso
on.However,Itookadetourforapproximatelyfiveyears
around1998tobuildthecompanyIhadfoundedin1996(Iwas
doingminimalprogrammingduringthistime).Ilatersoldthis
companytogetbackintodevelopment.However,eventhoughI
wastheCEOofthiscompanyandhadseveralpeopleworking
forme,Igottheopportunitytomeetandinterviewliterally
hundredsofdevelopersoveraseven-yearperiodanddiscuss
technologywiththem.Apartfromthiscompany,Ialsofounded
anonlinecommunityforJavadevelopers,grewittoover
100,000members,andwonseveralawardsforthis.Ihopemy
experiencefromtheseventuresaddsauniqueperspectiveto
thisbook.
Insummary,Itrulyhopeyouwillfindthisbookusefulandwill
enjoyreadingit!

WhoThisBookIsFor
Thisbookassumesthatyouhavesomeworkingknowledgeof
Javaandrelationaldatabases(includingSQL)aswellas
experienceworkingonthecommandline.Asidefrom
prerequisitesmentionedhere,thefollowingtypesofpeoplecan
useit:
SoftwareDevelopers/ArchitectsDevelopersandarchitects
cangainvaluefromthisbookbecauseitincludesahighlevelsoftwaredevelopmentprocess,applicationdesign,and
anin-depthandcompleteinspectionoftheJavaandrelated
filesofafullyfunctional,sampleenterprisewebapplication.


TechnicalLeads/ManagersTechnicalleadsandmanagers
withaprogrammingbackground,preferablyinJavaor

similarlanguage,cangetanin-depthlookathow
applicationsarebuiltusingavarietyofJavatechnologies.
Thisknowledgemighthelpduringprojectplanningorwith
stafftroubleshootingtechnicalproblems(perhapsjustfor
moralsupportduringfrustratingtimes).Alternatively,
technicalmanagerscandiveintoaspecificchapter(for
example,Chapter5,"UsingHibernateforPersistent
Objects")tounderstandhowthatspecifictechnologyworks
andfitsintothebigpicture.
Inaddition,asareader,youmightgainsomeinsightfromthis
bookonalternativestoJEEthatyoucanuseforbuildinga
robustenterprise-classapplication.Furthermore,ifyouarenot
familiarwithAgileModelingorExtremeProgrammingorare
lookingforanimblesoftwaredevelopmentprocess,thisbook
mighthavejustenoughtogetyougoingwithacomplete
processfordevelopingsoftwareapplicationsiterativelyand
incrementally.

GoalsofThisBook
Thegoalsofthisbookareasfollows:
AgiledevelopmentThefirstandforemostgoalofthisbook
istoshowyouhowtodorapidenterpriseJava
development.Thisisachievedbycombiningmultiplefacets:
animble/minimalsoftwaredevelopmentprocess,asimple
design(moderateuseofdesignpatternsorlayersof
abstraction),conveniencetechnologies(suchasSpringand
Hibernate),workingwithPOJOsversusremoteobjects,and
ingeneral,leveragingstableopensourcetechnologies
wheneverpossible.Inshort,theideaistomakeJava
simplerandfastertoworkwithfordevelopingenterprise-

readyapplications.
CompletesolutionAclosesecondgoalofthisbookisto
provideyouwithacompletesolution,fromatechnicaland
processperspective.Afterreadingthisbook,youshouldbe
abletobuildanentireapplication,notjusttechnically,but
alsousingtheprocessoutlinedinthisbook.Inaddition,
whenIcannotcoveragiventechnologyindepth,Iprovide
referencestoresources(websites)forfurtherinvestigation
ofthetechnology.Thecoolthingaboutthetechnologies
coveredinthisbookisthatyoucanhaveacomplete
system,fromtheuserinterfacetoanembeddeddatabase
alongwiththecapabilitytoschedulejobs(thankstothe
SpringFramework),allself-containedinasingleweb
applicationarchive(.war)file!However,youcanalways
replacethetechnologiesmentionedinherewithsomeother
technologyofyourchoice(forexample,usinganOracle
databaseinsteadofHSQLDB).Insummary,youwillhave
thecompletesolutiontodothisprocessandtechnologies!
Usinganopensourceonlysolutionisnotagoalofthisbook
AlthoughIhavebasedthisbookentirelyonopensource
frameworks,tools,andproducts,preachinganopensource
onlysolutionisn'tagoalofthisbook.Forinstance,youcan
leverageJava'svendorportabilityandreplaceoneofthe
productscoveredinherewithacommercialproduct.
However,opensourcehascomeaverylongway,andI'm
thoroughlyimpressedbyhowrobustthesetechnologiesare
andhowwelldocumentedtheyare.Forexample,
technologiessuchastheEclipseSDKandHibernateare

arguablybetterthansomeoftheircommercial
counterparts.Youcouldjustaswelluseallthetechnologies
mentioninthisbookforanenterprisesolutionandrest
assuredthattheywillperformasadvertised.Infact,I
recentlyimplementedanenterprisesolutionforalarge
companyusingtheSpringFramework,Hibernate,Eclipse,
JUnit,Ant,andothertoolsmentionedinthisbook!However,