CÁC DẠNG bài tập ôn THI THPT QUỐC GIA môn ANH

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 3: DANH ĐỘNG TỪ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU
BUỔI 1: DANH ĐỘNG TỪ
A. LÝ THUYẾT
I. Vị trí của danh động từ
 Danh động từ ( The gerund): là hình thức động từ được thêm -ing và được dùng như
một danh từ. Danh động từ có thể được dùng làm:
- Chủ ngữ của câu:
 Playing tennis is fun (playing là danh động từ, được dùng làm chủ ngữ của câu)
- Tân ngữ của động từ:
 We enjoy playing tennis (playing được dùng làm tân ngữ của động từ enjoy)
- Tân ngữ của giới từ:
 He’s excited about playing tennis (playing được dùng làm tân ngữ của giới từ about)
II. Cách sử dụng
1. Các động từ thường theo sau bởi động danh từ

admit * (thừa nhận)
delay (trì hoãn)
dread (ghê sợ)
fancy* (tưởng tượng)
involve (dính líu, liên quan)
pardon (tha thứ)
propose* (đưa ra, đề nghị)
resist (chống lại)
suggest* (đề nghị)
avoid (tránh)
deny * (từ chối)
enjoy (thích thú)
finish (hoàn tất)
keep (tiếp tục)
miss (bỏ lỡ)
prevent (ngăn chặn)

risk (mạo hiểm)
understand* (hiểu)

appreciate (đánh giá cao)
detest (căm ghét)
escape (trốn khỏi)
forgive (tha thứ)
mind (phản đối)
practice (thực hành)
remember* (nhớ lại)
save (sb the trouble of) (cứu nguy)
anticipate* (đoán trước)
defer (hoãn)
dislike (không thích)
excuse (tha lỗi)
imagine * (tưởng tượng)
mean* (= involve)
postpone (trì hoãn)
recollect * (hồi tưởng)
stop (= cease)
consider * (xem xét)


Ex:
 He admitted taking the money. (Anh ta thừa nhận lấy tiền)
 Avoid over-eating. (Hãy ăn quá nhiều) Would you consider selling the property?
(Anh có nghĩ đến việc bán tài sản không?)
 He detests writing letters. (Anh ta ghét viết thư) She dreads getting old. (Cô ta sợ tuổi
già)
 Do you enjoy teaching? (Anh có thích đi dạy không?)

2. Các thành ngữ theo sau bởi danh động từ:

can’t bear, can’t face, can’t stand, can’t help, can’t resist, feel like, It’s no use/good, It’s
(not) worth, There’s no pint,…
Ex:
 She tried to be serious but she couldn’t help laughing. ( Cô ta đã cố tỏ ra nghiêm
nghị nhưng rồi cũng không nhịn được cười.)
 I didn’t feel like talking to him after what had happened.( Sau những gì đã xảy ra tôi
không muốn nói chuyện với anh ta nữa.)
 It’s no use reading this kind of book. ( Đọc loại sách này chẳng ích lợi gì.)
 My house isn’t far from here. It’s not worth taking a taxi. ( Nhà tôi cách đây không
xa. Không đáng phải đi taxi.)
3. Các động từ có thể được theo sau bởi tân ngữ + danh động từ (verb + object + ing form):

catch, discover, dislike, feel, find, hear, imagine, involve, keep, mind, notice, prevent,
remember, risk, see, spend, stop, watch,…
Ex:
 Nobody can stop him doing what he wants do. ( Không ai có thể ngăn anh ta làm
điều mà anh ta muốn làm.)
 Sorry to keep you waiting so long ( Xin lỗi vì đã để bạn đợi lâu.)
 I don’tn mind you going without me. ( Tôi không quan tâm đến việc bạn đi mà
không có tôi.)
 I don’t remember my mother complaining about it. ( Tôi không nhớ là mẹ đã than
phiền về điều đó.)

4. Danh động từ được dùng sau tất cả các giới từ.

Ex:

 She entered the room without knocking.( Cô ấy vào phòng mà không gõ cửa.)
 The thief got in by breaking a window. ( Kẻ trộm vào nhà bằng cách đập cửa sổ.)
 Verb + preposition + -ing form
Ex: They are talking about building a new swimming-pool. ( Họ đang bàn luận về việc
xây một hồ bơi mới.)
I’m looking forward to seeing you again. ( Tôi mong đợi được gặp lại bạn.)
Laura insisted on paying for the meal. ( Laura cứ nhất định đòi trả tiền bữa ăn.)
Một số động từ + giới từ ( verb + preposition) thường dùng:
Agree with
consist of
lead to
return to
object to
Approve of
depend on count on
result in
insist on
Threaten with
complain of give up
succeed in mean by
Forget about
go back to carry on
think of
Hesitate about
worry about persist in
take to
Concentrate on
get to
plan on
talk of

Confess to
keep on
put off
believe in
Care for
apologise for long for
look forward to
 Verb + object + preposition + -ing form
Ex: I congratulated Ann on passing the exam.( Tôi chúc mừng Ann thi đậu.)
Please forgive me for not writing to you. ( Xin hãy thứ lỗi cho tôi vì đã không viết
thư cho bạn.)
 Adjective + preposition + -ing form
accustomed to

He is accustomed to having his own office.

addicted to

She is addicted to watching TV.

afraid of

She is afraid of speaking in public.

anxious about

Norma is anxious about making the presentation.

bored of

I am bored of doing the same old job.

capable of

He is capable of winning a gold medal.

committed to

She is committed to improving her English.

concerned about

Nancy was concerned about being late.

content with

Tim is content with winning second place.

dedicated to

The organization is dedicated to ending poverty.


devoted to

The money will be devoted to protecting the environment.

disappointed with

Fiona was disappointed with coming in third place.

discouraged by

He was discouraged by not getting the job.

excited about

The researcher was excited about going to Africa.

famous for

That actor is famous for being extremely weird.

fond of

She is fond of having picnics.

frightened of

She is frightened of being alone at night.

guilty of

The banker was guilty of stealing money.

happy about

He was happy about winning the lottery.

interested in

She is interested in becoming a doctor.

involved in

He was involved in making the movie.

known for

She was known for causing problems.

opposed to

They are opposed to building a new road in the park.

proud of

He was proud of having completed the marathon.

remembered for

She is remembered for protecting mountain gorillas.

responsible for

He is responsible for causing the damage.

scared of

Tina is scared of being alone at night.

terrified of

The surfer is terrified of being attacked by a shark.

tired from

She is tired from working all day.

tired of

Margaret is tired of making dinner every night.

worried about

The hikers were worried about not having enough water.


5. Danh động từ có thể được dùng sau các liên từ after, although, before, since, when, while.

Ex:
 I always have a shower after playing tennis. ( Tôi luôn tắm sau khi chơi quần vợt.)
 You should lock the door when leaving your room. ( Bạn nên khóa cửa khi ra khỏi
phòng.)
6. Go + Danh động từ

go boating

go horseback riding

go sailing

go sledding

go bowling

go hunting

go scuba diving

go snorkeling

go bungee jumping

go jogging

go shopping

go snowboarding

go camping

go kayaking

go sightseeing

go spearfishing

go canoeing

go mountain climbing

go skateboarding

go surfing

go climbing

go paragliding

go skating

go trekking

go dancing

go parasailing

go skiing

go water skiing

go fishing

go rollerblading

go skinny-dipping

go window shopping

go hiking

go running

go skydiving

go windsurfing


7. Một số các cách diễn đạt khác theo sau bởi danh động từ

have (some) problems

He had some problems reading without his glasses.

have a difficult time

She had a difficult time hiking up the mountain.

have a good time

They had a good time snorkeling.

have a hard time

She had a hard time explaining the situation.

have a problem

Debbie had a problem understanding his accent.

have an easy time

She had an easy time selling the delicious cookies.

have difficulty

Wanda had difficulty translating the letter by herself.

have fun

The had fun skiing.

have no difficulty

They had no difficulty finding a discount flight to London.

have no problem

Francis had no problem getting from the airport to the hote

spend one's time

He always spends his time working out at the gym.

waste one's time

She always wastes her time playing video games.

B. LUYỆN TẬP
Ex 1: Write the correct preposition and the correct form of the verb in
parentheses.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Henry is excited ____(leave) _____for India.
I have no excuse____(be)____late.
The rain prevented us____(complete)____the work.
Fred is always complaining _____(have) _____a headache.
Instead____(study) ____, Margaret went to a ballgame with some of her
friends.
6. The weather is terrible tonight. I don’t blame you ____(want, not) _____to
go to the meeting.
7. Who is responsible ____(wash) ____and (dry) ____the dishes after the
dinner?
8. The thieft was accused____(steal)____a woman’s purse.
9. I’m going to visit my family during the school vacation. I’m looking
forward_____(eat)_____my mother’s cooking and (sleep)_____in my own
bed.
10. I thanked my friend____(lend)____me lunch money.
Ex 2: Use words from the table to complete each sentence.
Can’t
Couldn’t

Face
Help

Resist
Stand

Doing
Feeling
Having
Lying
noticing

1. Rita said that she was OK, but I couldn’t help noticing how upset she
look.
2. I hate holidays by the sea. I ____on the beach all day.
3. I feel really full. I’m afraid I ____a pudding with my lunch.
4. I was so tired yesterday I just ____any house work.
5. Tom’s car was stolen, but as he left it unlocked, I ____it’s his own fault.
Ex 3: Write the correct form of a verb from the list


Do

lie

locate

look

play

watch

1. A: How was the picnic?
B: Great! We had a lot of fun ____volleyball on the beach.
2. A: What’s the matter with Kathy?
B: She’s very depressed. She spends all day____in bed, and she cries
easily.
3. A: Oh, wow! You actually got in touch with Mr. Gordon, our twelfthgrade English teacher.
B: Yes, I had a hard time____him, but I discoverd that he was living in a
retirement home in Florida.
4. A: George got tired? Really? Why?
B: The boss caught him____through her private papers in her files.
5. A: Do you ever see Wilma these days?
B: No. She spend all her time____research for her PhD.
6. A: Lillian doesn’t let her children waste time____TV.
B: It’s not all bad. There are many good educational programs.
Đáp án:
Ex 1:
1. about leaving
2. for being
3. from completing
4. about having
5. of studying
6. for not wanting
7. for washing...drying
8. of stealing
9. to eating...sleeping
10. for lending
Ex 2:
2. can’t stand lying
3. couldn’t/ can’t resist having
4. couldn’t face doing

5. can’t help feeling
Ex 3:


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Playing
Lying
Locating
Looking
Doing
watching

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 3: DANH ĐỘNG TỪ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU
BUỔI 2: ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU CÓ TO
C. LÝ THUYẾT
 Động từ nguyên mẫu có to ( to-infinitive):
Động từ nguyên mẫu có to có thể được dùng làm:
- Chủ ngữ của câu ( subject of a sentence)
 To lean out of the windown is dangerous. ( Nhoài người ra ngoài của sổ
thì thật là nguy hiểm.)
 To wait for people who were late made him angry. ( Đợi chờ những người
đến trễ đã làm cho ông ta nổi cáu.)
- Bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ ( subject complement).
Hình thức nguyên mẫu có to ( to-infinitive) có thể được dùng sau be như một hình

thức bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ ( subject complement).

-

 What I like is to swim in the sea and then to lie on the warm sand. ( Những
gì tôi thích là bơi lội ở biển rồi sau đó nằm trên bãi cát ấm.)
 His plan was to keep the affair secret ( Chủ định của anh ấy là giữ kín
chuyện.)
Tân ngữ của động từ ( object of a verb)

Hình thức nguyên mẫu có to có thể được dùng như một tân ngữ trực tiếp sau các
động từ:
Afford care determine
help
manage
pretend
seem
Agree cease demand
hesitate
mean
prepare
strive
Arrange
choose
desire
hope
need
promisetend
Ask
claim

expect
intend
neglect
propose
Threaten
Attempt
come
fail
learn
offer
refuse
try


Continue
Beg
Begin

-

-

bear
decide
deserve

fear
forget
hate

like
long
love

omit
plan

regret
start
prefer

want
wish
swear

 She agree to pay £50. ( Cô ấy đồng ý trả 50 bảng.)
 It was late, so we decide to take a taxi home. ( Vì đã trễ nên chúng
tôi quyết định đi taxi về nhà.)
 He manage to put the fire out ( Anh ta đã tìm được cách dập tắt
lửa.)
 The little girl seem to be crying. ( Hình như cô bé đang khóc.)
Hình thức nguyên mẫu có to cũng có thể được dùng sau các cụm động từ như:
to make up one’s mind, to take care, to take the trouble, to make sure…
 I’ve made up my mind to be a doctor. ( Tôi đã quyết định trở thành bác sĩ.)
 Take care not to drink to much.( Hãy cẩn thận đừng có uống quá nhiều
rượu.)
Tân ngữ của tính từ ( object of an adjective)

Hình thức nguyên mẫu có to thường được dùng sau một số tính từ diễn tả phản
ứng hoặc cảm xúc của con người và nhiều tính từ thông dụng khác.

(un)able
content
easy
helpless
prepared
slow
Afraid
crazy
free
horrified
quick
sorry
Amused
curious
fortunate
impatient
ready
sufficient
Annoyed
dangerous furious
interested
relieved
thankful
Anxious
delighted
frighten
keen
reluctant
(un)wise
Ashamed

determined good
luckly
right
(un)willing
Astonished difficult
glad
moved
resolved
useless
Boring
distressed
grateful
pleased
safe
usual
Careful
due
hard
(im)possible surprised
wonderful
wrong
 I’m pleased to see you.( Tôi rất vui được gặp bạn)
 John was surprised to get Ann’s letter. ( John ngạc nhiên khi nhận được thư
Ann.)
 Be careful not to wake the children. ( Hãy cẩn thận đừng làm bọn trẻ thức
giấc.)
 Your writing is impossible to read. ( Chữ viết của anh thật không thể nào
đọc được.)
 It’s boring to do the same thing every day. ( Thật là chán khi ngày nào
cũng làm cùng một công việc.)

-

-

-

Adjective+ for + object + to-infinitive được dùng khi động từ nguyên mẫu có
chủ ngữ riêng của nó. Cấu trúc này được dùng để diễn tả những mong ước,
cảm xúc hoặc cảm nghĩ cá nhân đối với một tình huống nào đó.
 She’s anxious for the children to go home. ( Bà ấy đang mong bọn trẻ về
nhà.)
 It seems unnecessary for him to start work this week. ( Có vẻ như anh ấy
không cần phải bắt đầu công việc trong tuần này.)
Adjective + of + object + to-infinitive được dùng sau một số tính từ diễn tả
cách cư xử như: brave, careless, clever, foolish, generous, good, helpful,
honest, intelligent, kind, nice, polite, silly, stupid, wrong…
 It’s kind of Melanie to put you up for the night. ( Melanie thật tốt bụng
khi cho bạn trọ lại đêm.)
 It was polite of you to write and thank us. ( Anh thật lịch sự khi viết thư
cảm ơn chúng tôi.)
Bổ ngữ cho danh từ hoặc đại từ ( complement of a noun/ pronoun)

Hình thức nguyên mẫu có to có thể được dùng sau một danh từ hoặc đại từ để bổ
nghĩa cho danh từ hoặc đại từ đó: verb + object ( noun/ pronoun) + to-infinitive.
 She doen’t want anybody to know. ( Cô ấy không muốn bất cứ ai biết.)
 He advised me to visit Westminster Abbey. ( Anh ấy khuyên tôi nên đến
thăm Tu viện Westminster.)
 Nick couldn’t persuade Rita to go out with him. ( Nick không thuyết phục

được Rita đi chơi với anh ta.)
 Một số động từ thông dụng có thể được theo sau bởi tân ngữ + đông từ
nguyên mẫu ( object + to-infinitive):
Advise
Suspect
intend
compel
wish
permit
lead
hate
expect
Cause
Understand

challenge
Want
observe
force
Assume
tempt
prefer
like
help
find

forbid
Allow
teach
invite

consider
(can’t)bear
think
persuade
leave
imagine

instruct
command
warn
order
get
enable
Beg
trust
remind
mean

need
love
Ask
tell
know
guess
encourage
Believe
urge
reguest

-

-

-

Trong lời nói gián tiếp ( indirected speech), động từ nguyên mẫu có to (toinfinitive) có thể được dùng sau các nghi vấn từ: what, who, which, when,
where, how,… ( nhưng thường không dùng sau why).
 I don’t know what to say. ( Tôi không biết nên nói gì.)
 Can you tell me how to get to the station? ( Bạn có thể cho tôi biết đường
đến nhà ga được không?)
 We were wondering where to park the car. ( Chúng tôi đang phân vân
không biết phải đậu xe ở đâu.)
Động từ nguyên mẫu có to ( to-infinitive) có thể được dùng để thay cho mệnh
đề quan hệ ( relative clause)
 The house to be demolished is very old indeed. ( Ngôi nhà bị phá hủy thật
sự là rất cũ kĩ.) [= The house which was demolished…]
Động từ nguyên mẫu có to ( to-infinitive) có thể được dùng sau một danh từ
hoặc một đại từ bất định ( something, anything, somewhere…) để điễn đạt mục
đích hoặc kết quả đã dự tính.
 I’m going to Austria to learn German. ( Tôi sẽ đi Áo để học tiếng Đức.)

I’d like something to stop my toothache ( Tôi muốn cái gì đó có thể làm hết
đau răng.)
-

Động từ nguyên mẫu có to ( to-infinitive) được dùng sau too và enough.
 This suitcaseis too heavy ( for me) to lift. ( Cái va li này quá nặng (tôi)
không thể nhấc nổi.)
 The apples were ripe enough to pick. ( Những quả táo này đã đủ chín để

hái.)

D. LUYỆN TẬP
Ex 1: Rewrite each sentence. Use an infinitive phrase to make active
sentences. Use the given ideas and the verbs in parentheses.
1. The teacher said to me, “You may leave early.” (permit)
 The teacher_____________________________________
2. The secretary said to me, “ Please give this note to Sue”. (ask)
 The secretary_____________________________________
3. My advisor said to me, “You should take Biology 109.” (advise)
 My advisor______________________________________
4. When I went to traffic court, the judge said to me, “ You must pay a fine.”
(order)
 The judge ________________________________________
5. During the test, the teacher said to Greg, “Keep your eyes on your own paper.”
(warn)


 The teacher _______________________________________
6. During the test, the teacher said to Greg, “ Don’t look at your neighbor’s
paper.” (warn)
 The teacher________________________________________
7. Mr. Lee said to the children, “ Be quite.” (tell)
 Mr. Lee___________________________________________
8. When I was growing up, my parents said to me, “You may stay up late on
Saturday night.” (allow)
 My parents______________________________________________
9. The teacher said to the students, “ Speak slowly and clearly.” (encourage)
 The teacher______________________________________________
10. The teacher always says to the students, “You are supposed to come to class on

time.” (expect)
 The teacher _____________________________________________
Ex 2: Circle the letter of all the possible completion.
1. I am planning
A. visit

Da Lat next week.
B. visiting
C. visited

2. I must go now. I promised
A. not being
B. not to be

late

3. Suddenly he stopped the car in order
A. smoke
B. to smoke
4. It was late, so we decided
A. to take
B. taken

C. not being

D. won’t be

.
C. smoking

D. smoked

a taxi home.
C. taking

5. How old were you when you learnt
A. how to drive
B. how drive
6. She always encourages her son
A. to study
B. studied

D. to visit

?
C. how driving
harder.
C. study

D. take
D. how driven
D. studying

7. Don’t forget
A. to post

the letter I gave you.
B. posting
C. post

D. posted

8. We expect him
A. arrive

tomorrow.
B. arriving

D. will arrive

9. I tried
A. catch
10. Remember

C. to arrive

the bus, but I missed it.
B. catching
C. to catch

D. caught

Lan a present because today is her birthday.


A. send

B. sending

C. to send

D. sent

11. We were allowed
A. sell

photographs in this room.
B. to sell
C. selling

D. sold

12. Would you like
A. coming

to my birthday party?
B. come
C. came

D. to come

ĐÁP ÁN
Ex 1: Rewrite each sentence. Use an infinitive phrase to make active
sentences. Use the given ideas and the verbs in parentheses.
1. The teacher said to me, “You may leave early.” (permit)
 The teacher permitted me to leave early.
2. The secretary said to me, “ Please give this note to Sue”. (ask)
 The secretary asked me to give this note to Sue.
3. My advisor said to me, “You should take Biology 109.” (advise)
 My advisor advised me to take Biology 109.

4. When I went to traffic court, the judge said to me, “ You must pay a fine.”
(order)
 The judge ordered me to pay a fine.
5. During the test, the teacher said to Greg, “Keep your eyes on your own paper.”
(warn)
 The teacher warned Greg to keep his on his own paper.
6. During the test, the teacher said to Greg, “ Don’t look at your neighbor’s
paper.” (warn)
 The teacher warned Greg not to look at his neighbor’s paper.
7. Mr. Lee said to the children, “ Be quite.” (tell)
 Mr. Lee told the children to quite.
8. When I was growing up, my parents said to me, “You may stay up late on
Saturday night.” (allow)
 My parents allowed me to stay up late on Saturday night.
9. The teacher said to the students, “ Speak slowly and clearly.” (encourage)
 The teacher encouraged the students to Speak slowly and clearly.
10. The teacher always says to the students, “You are supposed to come to class on
time.” (expect)
 The teacher expects the students to come to class on time.
Ex 2:


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

8. C
9. C
10. C
11. B
12. D

D
B
B
A
A
A
A

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 3: DANH ĐỘNG TỪ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU
BUỔI 3: Động từ nguyên mẫu hay danh động từ

A. LÝ THUYẾT
 Động từ nguyên mẫu không to ( bare-infinitive/ infinitive without to)
Động từ nguyên mẫu không to được dùng:
-

-

-

Sau các trợ động từ tình thái can, could, may, might, should, shall, must, will, would,…
 We must go now.( Chúng tôi phải đi bây giờ.)
 You should stay at home.( Anh nên ở nhà.)
 I can swim across the river. ( Tôi có thể bơi qua bên kia sông.)

Sau các động từ let, make, see, hear, feel, watch, notice + tân ngữ (object).
 I saw her get off the bus. ( Tôi thấy cô ta xuống xe buýt.)
 Don’t let the children stay up late. ( Đừng để bọn trẻ thức khuya.)
 They made him repeat the whole story. ( Họ buộc anh ấy kể lại toàn bộ câu
chuyện.)
 I suddenly felt something brush against my arm. ( Thình lình tôi cảm thấy có cái
gì chạm nhẹ vào tay.)

Lưu ý: Khi các động từ này ( ngoại trừ let) được dùng ở thể bị động ( passive voice) thì
phải được theo sau bởi động từ nguyên mẫu có to ( to-infinitive).
 She was seen to get off the bus. ( Người ta thấy cô ấy xuống xe buýt.)
 He was made to repeat the whole story. ( Nó bị buộc phải kể lại toàn bộ
câu chuyện.)
Let không được dùng ở dạng bị động, allow thường được dùng hơn.
 After questioning he was allowed to go home. ( Sau cuộc thẩm vấn, anh ta
được phép về nhà.) [ NOT… he was let to go home.]
Sau các cụm động từ had better, would rather, had sooner,…


 You had better tell him the truth. ( Tốt hơn là bạn nên cho anh ấy biết sự
thật.)
 I would rather stay at home. ( Tôi thích ở nhà hơn.)
- Sau why hoặc why not
Ex: Why get upset just because of a bad mark? ( Sao lại lo lắng chỉ vì một điểm kém?)
Why not stay for lunch? ( Sao không ở lại ăn trưa?)
 Động từ nguyên mẫu hay danh động từ
Các động từ có thể + TO + V-NGUYÊN THỂ hoặc + V- ING mà nghĩa KHÔNG khác
nhau.
begin (bắt đầu)
continue (tiếp tục)

start

(bắt đầu)

prefer (thích.... hơn)

Các Động từ + TO + V-NGUYÊN THỂ hoặc + V-ING mà nghĩa KHÁC nhau.

1. LIKE, DISLIKE, HATE, LOVE
- Các từ này nếu đi với V+ing thì thuộc thói quen lâu dài, thuộc về SỞ THÍCH, SỞ GHÉT.
 I like playing football. (tôi thích bóng đá)
- Các từ này nếu đi với TO V-nguyên thể thì thuộc SUY NGHĨ NHẤT THỜI.
 I like to play football with them now (Tôi muốn chơi bóng đá với bọn nó bây giờ)

2. REMEMBER/ FORGET/ REGRET/ SORRY
Remember ( nhớ) và forget (quên)
Remember/forget + to-infinitive: chỉ hành động tương lai
 Please remember to return the book tomorrow. ( Xin nhớ trả lại sách vào ngày
mai.)
 The clothes are still dirty because I forgot to switch on the mahine. ( Quần áo vẫn
còn dơ vì tôi đã quên mở máy giặc.)
Remember/forget + verb-ing: chỉ hành động đã qua Forget + verb-ing


 Ex: I’m sure I locked the door. I clearly remember locking it. ( Chắc chắn là tôi
đã khóa cửa. Tôi nhớ rõ ràng là tôi đã khóa.)
 I’ll never forget seeing him the first time. ( Tôi sẽ không bao giờ quên lần đầu
tiên tôi gặp anh ấy.)
Regret (hối tiếc)/ sorry (tiếc/xin lỗi)
Regret/ sorry + to-infinitive: thể hiện sự hối tiếc khi thông báo hoặc nghe tin đượctin xấu

 We regret/ sorry to tell you that we are unable to help you. ( Chúng tôi rất tiếc
phải nói là chúng tôi không thể giúp bạn được.)
 I was sorry to hear that Mike's uncle had died. (Tôi rất tiếc khi nghe tin chú của
Mike đã chết)
Regret/ sorry (for) + verb-ing: diễn đạt sự hối tiếc/ xin lỗi về điều gì đó đã xảy ra trong
quá khứ.
 I regret leaving school at 14 – It was a big mistake. ( Tôi cảm thấy tiếc vì nghỉ
học năm 14 tuổi – Đó là một sai lầm lớn)
 I'm sorry about making all that noise last night. (Tôi xin lỗi vì đã làm ồn vào đêm
qua)

3. AFRAID OF
Afraid: sợ

Afraid of + to- infinitive: sợ làm gì (chưa trải qua)
 David is afraid to climb the ladder. ( David không muốn leo cầu thang vì anh ta
sợ)
Afraid of + verb-ing: sợ làm gì (đã từng trải qua rồi)
 David is afraid of falling. (David sợ vì anh ta đã từng bị ngã)
(= He is afraid because he might fall)
She was afraid of getting lost. (Cô ấy sợ đi lạc vì cô ấy đã từng bị lạc rồi)

3. STOP/ TRY/ GO ON/ MEAN
Stop ( ngừng)
Stop + to-infinitive: chỉ mục đích, có nghĩa “ ngừng lại để làm việc gì đó”
 We stopped to rest. ( Chúng tôi ngừng lại để nghỉ ngơi.)


Stop + verb-ing: có nghĩa “ ngừng hẳn làm việc gì”
 There’s too much noise. Can you all stop talking, please? ( Ồn ào quá. Xin tất cả

các bạn ngừng nói chuyện có được không?)
Try ( cố gắng, thử)
Try + to-infinitive: chỉ sự nỗ lực - cố gắng làm điều gì đó.
 I tried to move the table, but it was too heavy. ( Tôi cố dịch chuyển cái bàn,
nhưng nó quá nặng.)
Try + verb-ing: chỉ sự thử nghiệm - làm điều gì đó nhằm thử nghiệm hoặc kiểm tra.
 Try phoning his home number. ( Thử gọi về nhà ông ta xem.)
Go on ( tiếp tục)
Go on + to-infinitive: chỉ sự thay đổi của hành động - tiếp tục làm việc gì sau khi đã làm
xong một việc khác.
 After discussing the economy, the minister went on to talk about forein policy. (
Sau khi thảo luận về vấn đề kinh tế, ông bộ trưởng tiếp tục nói về chính sách đối
ngoại.)
Go on + verb-ing: chỉ sự liên tục của một hành động – tiếp tục làm một điều gì đó.
 I can’t go on pretending that everyting is okay when it clearly isn’t. ( Tôi không
thể tiếp tục làm ra vẻ mọi chuyện vẫn ổn trong khi rõ ràng là nó không ổn.)
Mean ( có ý định, có nghĩa)
Mean (+object) + to-infinitive: chỉ dự định hoặc ý định (=intend)
 Sorry, I didn’t mean to interupt you. ( Xin lỗi, tôi không định ngắt lời bạn.)
Mean + verb-ing: chỉ sự liên quan hoặc kết quả. (có ý nghĩa)
 Spending ll the money today means starving tomorrow.( Tiêu hết tiền hôm nay
có nghĩa là ngày mai chết đói.)
Need (cần)
Need + to-infinitive: cần làm gì (chủ động)
 You need TO CLEAN the floor. (bạn cần lau sàn nhà)

Need + verb-ing: cần ĐƯỢC làm gì (bị động)
 The floor needs CLEANING (sàn nhà cần được lau)

4. BE USED TO

USED TO


Used to + infinitive: đã từng làm gì (này không còn làm nữa, thói quen trong quá khứ)
 Nick used to smoke, but he gave it up.
be used to+ verb -ing: đang quen dần với việc làm gì
 I am used to getting up early.
(Tôi đang quen dần với việc dạy sớm)

5. ĐỘNG TỪ CHỈ TRI GIÁC
(feel, hear, listen to, notice, see, watch + Sb + do/doing st)
-

Dùng DO khi chủ ngữ chứng kiến trọn vẹn sự việc:
 She SAW the car HIT the boy
(cô ấy nhìn thấy chiếc xe đâm thằng bé)

-

Dùng DOING khi chủ ngữ chứng kiến một phần sự việc:
 We HEARD the girl SINGING alone
(Chúng tôi nghe thấy cô gái đang hát một mình)

B. LUYỆN TẬP
To-infinitive or ing-form?
1)Complete the conversation. Put in a to-infinitive or ing-form.
Matthew: Are we going to have a holiday this year?
Natasha: Didn't we all decide (►) to spend (spend) our holidays on a Greek island?
Matthew: Lovely. I enjoy (►)lying (lie) on the beach.
I might manage (1) ..........................................(get) a sun tan.

Daniel: I'd love a holiday. I can't wait (2)……………………………….(leave) this place
behind.
Emma: I don't fancy (3)……………………………. (stay) in one place all the time.


I really dislike (4) ....................................... (sit) on the beach all day.
Natasha: Well, I don't mind (5) .......................................... (tour) around somewhere.
Emma: Matthew, you promised (6) .......................................... (go) to Scotland with me.
We were planning (7) ......................................... (hire) a car.
Matthew: Scotland? Are you sure? But I couldn't face
(8)………………………………(drive) all the time.
Jessica: I'm afraid I can't afford (9)……………………………. . (spend) too much
money.
Andrew: And I can't justify (10) ............................. ... (take) all that time off from my
studies.
2)Complete this article from a magazine. Put in the to-infinitive or ing-form of these
verbs:
accept

argue

be

find

have

insist

lose

plug

repair

say

take

wait

If you buy something from a shop, a new stereo for example, you usually can't wait
(►)fo plug it in and put some music on. And of course, you expect (►) to find the
equipment in working order. But that doesn't always happen, unfortunately. If the thing
doesn't work, you should take it straight back to the shop. If you delay
(1)…………………………. it back, you will risk (2) ........ ………………. ... your rights
as a customer. And you should prepare (3) ................................ on those rights. You may
be one of those people who always avoid (4)……………… with people, but in this case
you should be ready for an argument. The assistant may prove
(5)…………………………. a true friend of the customer - it's not impossible – but first
he or she will probably offer (6)………………................ the stereo for you. That's all
right if you don't mind (7)……………………… a few weeks, but it isn't usually a good
idea. What you should do is politely demand (8) ……………………… your money back
immediately. You may want to accept another stereo in place of the old one, but you


don't have to. You should refuse (9)…………………………..a credit note, lust keep on
(10) ............................. that you want your money back.

3) Verb + object + to-infinitive or ing-form

Kitty Beamish is reporting what people have said to her. She combines the two sentences
into one.
? 'The lorry skidded. The icy road caused it.'
 The icy road caused the lorry to skid.

? 'The workers might go on strike. The company can't risk that.'
 The company can’t risk the workers going on strike.

1 'The suspects might leave the country. The police must stop that.'

2 'Congress opposed him. The President didn't expect that.'

3 'The hostages lay down. The terrorists forced them.'

4 'The pound is falling in value. The government doesn't mind that.'
4) The infinitive with and without to
Matthew and Emma are at the railway station. Emma is going away for the weekend. Put
in the infinitive of the verbs. You have to decide whether or not you need to. Matthew:
Are you sure you'll (►) be (be) all right?
Emma:

Yes, of course. I'm not a child. I can manage (►) to look (look) after myself.

Matthew:

OK, sorry.

Emma:

Some friends have invited me (1)........................(visit) them. I'm not going

to the North Pole.


Matthew:

It'll be nice for you (2) ...................... (see) your old friends again. I just
know you're going (3)....................... (have) lots of fun. Let me (4)
........................ (buy) you a magazine (5)....................... (read) on the train.

Emma:

I can't (6) ....................... (read) when I'm travelling. It makes me
(7).........................(feel) sick, even in a train. I'd rather just (8)
.......................(look) out of the window.

Matthew: OK. Well, you'd better (9) ....................... (get) in. I think it's about (10)
......................... (leave).
Oh, did I remind you (11)....................... (change) at York?
Emma:
Yes, Matthew, you did. Don't worry, I won't (12) ........................(forget). I
know perfectly well how (13) ....................... (get) there.
5) Like, love, prefer and hate
Complete the sentences using the words in brackets.
► Mark: I've always wanted to visit San Francisco.
Sarah: Me too. I'd love to visit (I'd love) it some time.
1 Harriet: Tom seems to enjoy watching football matches.
David: Yes,……………………………………………………………………………….. (he
loves) United pla
2 Trevor: I'm glad I don't work as late as Sarah does.
Laura: Me too .......................................................................... (1 wouldn't like) such long hour

3 Matthew: I think I'll go and see this new film.
Emma: Can I go with you?.................................................. ……………………….. (I'd like) it
4 Rachel: Do you want to come with me or wait here?
Vicky: ..................................................................................... . (I'd prefer) with you if that's OB
5 Laura: I think queuing is my least favourite activity.


Tom: I agree ..................................................................................................... …………... (I
hate)
6 Claire: Does Mark cook for you?
Sarah: No, not often...........................................…………………………………. (he doesn't
like)
7 Reporter: Have you ever flown in a hot-air balloon?
Mrs Miles: No, but ............................................................................. ……… ( I 'd love) in one
someda;
8 Rachel: Did you say you're having your teeth looked at today?
Emma: Yes, .................................................................................. (I like) them checked once a
year.
Remember, forget, regret, stop, try, go on, mean
6) Put in the to-infinitive or the ing-form of the verbs.
Laura: Did you remember ( ►) to pick (pick) up those photos today?
Trevor: What photos?
Laura: Oh, no. I can remember (1) ...................................... (mention) it to you only this
morning.
Trevor: I can't remember (2) ………………………. ........ (agree) to pick up some photos.
Laura: Well, don't forget (3)…………….. ....................... (call) at the shop for them tomorrow.
You've got a terrible memory. Yesterday you forgot (4)……………………………… (lock) the
door.
Trevor: I'm sure I didn't forget (5) ....................................... (lock) it.
I can clearly remember (6)…………………… ............. (look) for my keys. They were in my

pocket.
Laura: You ought to write notes to yourself to remind you.
Trevor: That wouldn't be any good. I'd never remember (7) ...........………………….. (look) at
them!
7)Put in the to-infinitive or the ing-form of the verbs.
I used to like going to our local cinema. It was old and rather uncomfortable, but it had
character. Now they've stopped (►) showing (show) films there. The owner would like to go on
(1) …………………… (run) the cinema, but he would need (2)…………………….(make) a lot
of improvements, which would mean


(3)………………………………(spend) tens of thousands of pounds. I remember
(4)……….(watch) the last film at the cinema. It was a murder mystery. It was five minutes from
the end, and we were trying (5)………………(work) out who the murderer was when suddenly
all the lights went out and the film stopped. We sat in the dark for a few minutes, and then the
owner appeared with a torch. I regret (6) ……………………..(tell) you,' he said, 'that our
electricity has failed. I don't mean
(7)…………………..(disappoint) you, but I'm afraid we can't show you the end of the film.
We've tried (8)……………………(phone) the electricity company, but they say they can't help.'
He went on (9)………………(explain) to the audience how the film ended. I didn't understand
the story. But I don't regret (10)……………………….. . . (go) to the cinema on that last
evening.

8) Used to do/ be used to doing
Put in a to-infinitive or to + ing-form. Use the verbs in brackets.
1 It took us ages to get used ................................... (live) in a block of flats.
2 Lots of trains used......................................... (stop) here, but not many do now.
3 Didn't Nick use......................................... (work) on a building site?
4 There didn't use........................................ (be) so many soap operas on television.
5 I'll have an orange juice, please. I'm not used………………………… . (drink) alcohol.

6 David doesn't seem to mind being in hospital. I suppose he's got used
………………………… (be) there.
7 When Laura was at college, she used............................(have) a picture of Elvis Presley on her
bedroom wall.
9)See it happen or see it happening?
There has been a bomb explosion in the city centre. TV reporter Kitty Beamish is
asking people about it. What did people see or hear?
? Man: The bomb exploded. I heard it. It was a shock.
He heard the bomb explode.
? Woman: A man was lying in the road. I saw him. He was just lying there.
She saw a man lying in the road.
1 Woman: The building shook. I felt it. I couldn't believe it.

2 Man: People were shouting. I heard them. There was panic.


3 Girl: An alarm was ringing. I could hear it. It went on and on.

4 Boys: The police arrived. We saw them. They were over there.

5 Man: I saw a woman. She was crying. She was in a terrible state.
Đáp án:
1.
1

to get

6

to go

2

to leave

7

to hire

3

staying

8

driving

4

sitting

9

to spend

5

touring

10

taking

2

taking

6

to repair

2

losing

7

waiting

3

to insist

8

to have

4

arguing

9

to accept

5

to be

10

saying

2.

3.
1

The police must stop the suspects leaving the country.

2

The President didn't expect Congress to oppose him.

3

The terrorists forced the hostages to lie down.

4

The government doesn't mind the pound falling in value.