TƯ VỰNG NGU PHAP e 12 (1)

ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar

TỪ VỰNG - NGỮ PHÁP 12

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ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar

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ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar

REVIEW
1. Cách nhận biết từ loại:
a. Cánh nhận biết danh từ: danh từ thường có các hậu tố sau:
-TION/ -ATION
invention, information, education
-MENT
development, employment
-ENCE/-ANCE
difference, importance
-NESS
richness, happiness, business
-ER (chỉ người)
teacher, worker, writer, singer
-OR (chỉ người)
inventor, visitor, actor
-IST (chỉ người)
physicist, biologist, chemist

-AR/-ANT/-EE (chỉ người)
beggar, assistant, employee
-ING
teaching, schooling
-AGE
teenage, marriage
-SHIP
friendship, championship
-ISM (chủ nghĩa)
pessimism, optimism
-(I)TY
possibility, responsibility, reality, beauty
(verb)-AL
refusal, arrival, survival
-TH
warmth, strength, youth, truth, depth
b. Cánh nhận biết tính từ: tính từ thường có các hậu tố sau:
-FUL
successful, helpful, beautiful
-LESS (nghĩa phủ định)
homeless, careless
(noun)-Y (có nhiều)
rainy, snowy, windy
(noun)-LY (có vẻ, hàng ngày giờ.ngày..)
friendly, yearly, daily
-ISH
selfish, childish
(noun)-AL (thuộc về)
natural, cutural
-OUS

nervous, dangerous, famous
-IVE
active, expensive
-IC
electric, economic
-ABLE
comfortable, acceptable
c. Cánh nhận biết động từ: động từ thường có tiền tố hoặc hậu tố sau:
Tiền tố ENendanger, enlarge, enrich (làm giàu), encourage (động viên)
-FY
classify, satisfy, beautify
-IZE, -ISE
socialize, modernize, industrialize
-EN
widen, frighten
-ATE
considerate, translate
d. Cánh nhận biết trạng từ: trạng từ thường có hậu tố -LY. Ex: beautifully, carefully, suddenly,
carelessly, recently ...
Lưu ý: Một số trạng từ đặc biệt cần ghi nhớ:
- good (a)
well (adv): giỏi, tốt
- late (a)
late / lately (adv): trễ, chậm
- ill (a)
ill (adv): xấu, tồi, kém
- fast (a)
fast (adv): nhanh
- hard (a)
hard (adv): tích cực, vất vả, chăm chỉ

hardly (adv): hầu như không

2. Chức năng của một số từ loại:
a. Danh từ (Noun)
Sau tính từ
(adj + N)
Sau
- mạo từ: a /an / the
- từ chỉ định: this, that, these, those, every, each, …

They are interesting books.
He is a student.
These flowers are beautiful.
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ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar

- từ chỉ số lượng: many, some, few, little, several ...
- tính từ sở hữu: my, his, her, your, our, their, its…
Sau ngoại động từ (V cần O)
Sau giới từ

(prep. + N)

Trước V chia thì (N làm chủ từ)
Sau enough
(enough + N)

She needs some water.
She buys books.
She meets a lot of people.
He talked about the story yesterday.
He is interested in music.
The main has just arrived.
I don’t have enough money to buy that
house.

b. Tính từ (Adj)
Trước N
(Adj + N)
Sau TO BE
Sau: become, get, look, feel, taste, smell, seem …

This is an interesting books.
I am tired.
It becomes hot.
She feels sad.
Sau trạng từ
(adv + adj): extremely (cực kỳ), It is extremely cold.
completely (hoàn toàn), really (thực sự), terribly, I’m terribly sorry.
very, quite, rather, …
She is very beautiful.
Sau keep / make
The news made me happy.
Sau too
( be + too + adj)
That house is too small.
Trước enough

(be + adj + enough)
The house isn’t large enough.
Trong cấu trúc:
be + so + adj + that
She was so angry that she can’t speak.
A, an, the, this, that, his, her, their, my, … + (Adj) My new car is blue.
+ Noun
Trong câu cảm thán:
- How + adj + S + V
How beautiful the girl is!
- Wht + (a / an) + adj + N
What an interesting film!
c. Trạng từ (Adv)
Sau V thường
Trước Adj
Giữa cụm V
Đầu câu hoặc trước dấu phẩy
Sau too
V + too + adv
Trong cấu trúc
V + so + adv + that
Trước enough
V + adv + enough

He drove carefully.
I meet an extremely handsome man.
She has already finished the job.
Unfortunately, I couldn’t come the party.
They walked too slowly to catch the bus.
Jack drove so fast that he caused an accident.

You should write clearly enough for every body to
read.

UNIT 1: HOME LIFE
VOCABULARY
- night shift:
- biology ( ):
- biologist ( ):
- biological ( ):
- join hands: work together
- (be) willing to + V1:
- household chores:
- run the household:
- make sure
- rush (v)
- responsibility ( ):
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………………………………………….
…………………………………………
………………………………………..
……………………………………….
cùng làm việc, chung sức, cùng nhau
sẵn lòng làm việc gì
……………………………………….
trông nom gia đình
chắc chắn
……………………………………
…………………………………….

ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar

- responsible (a):
…………………………………….
- take the responsibility for + V-ing:
nhận trách nhiệm
- pressure (n):
…………………………………….
- (be) under pressure:
dưới sức ép, áp lực
- take out = remove:
……………………………………
Ex: My responsibility is to wash the dishes and take out the garbage.
- mischievous ( ):
……………………………………….
- mischief (n):
…………………………………..
- give someone a hand = help someone:
…………………………………..
- obedient (a) ≠ disobedient (a):
………………………………….
- obedience (n):
……………………………………
- obey ( ):
………………………………….
- close – knit:
quan hệ khắng khít, đoàn kết chặt chẽ
- supportive of
…………………………………..

- frankly (adv):
cởi mở, bộc trực, thẳng thắn
- frank (a):
………………………………………
- make a decision:
……………………………………
- solve (v):
……………………………………
- solution (
):
…………………………………
- secure (a):
………………………………..
- ………………………. (n):
sự an toàn
- (be) crowded with
đông đúc
- well – behaved (a):
…………………………….
- confidence (n):
sự tự tin, sự tin tưởng,
- confident in s.o (a):
tự tin, tin tưởng vào ai
- base (n)
nền tảng
- come up = appear
xuất hiện
- hard-working (a)
Note:

chăm chỉ

Let + O + V1: để cho ai làm việc gì
Have to + V1: phải
Allow / permit + O + to-inf: cho phép ai làm việc gì
Allow / permit + V-ing: cho phép
Be allowed / permitted + to-inf: được cho phép
Ex: She let me (use) ---------------------- her pen.
Students have to (wear) --------------------------- uniform when going to school.
My mother permitted me (go) ------------------------- out with my friends.
I was allowed (go) ----------------------- out with my friends.
She doesn’t allow (smoke) ----------------------- in her room.
GRAMMAR
1. PRONUNCIATION:
* Cách phát âm của –s / -es
- Có 3 cách phát âm –s hoặc –es tận cùng.
* đọc thành âm /s/ với những từ có âm cuối là / p, f, k, t, θ /
* đọc thành âm /iz/ với những từ có âm cuối là / s, z, ∫, t∫, dƷ/
* đọc thành âm /z/ với những trường hợp còn lại
- Examples:
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ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar

* /s/: maps, books, hats, coughs, laughs, photographs ….
* /iz/: buses, watches, roses, washes, boxes…..
* /z/: bells, eyes, plays ….
2. TENSES
TENSES

SIMPLE PRESENT
(HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN)
+: S + -----------------------

+: S +
-------------------------------

- hành động đang
diễn ra vào lúc
nói.
- dự định sẽ thực
hiện trong tương
lai gần.
- hành động có
tính chất tạm thời.

-: S +
--------------------------------

- hai hành động
xảy ra song song
kéo dài ở hiện tại

PRESENT
PROGRESSIVE
(HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN)

?:
-----------------------------------PRESENT PERFECT
(HIỆN TẠI HOÀN

THÀNH)
?: Has / Have + S + P.P?

- hành động bắt
đầu trong quá
khứ, kéo dài đến
hiện tại và có thể
tiếp tục trong
tương lai.
- hành động xảy
ra và chấm dứt
trong quá khứ
không rõ thời
gian.
- hành động vừa
mới xảy ra.

PRESENT PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE
(HIỆN TẠI HOÀN
THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN)
+: S + has / have + been
+ V-ing

- nhấn mạnh tính
liên tục của một
hành động bắt đầu
trong quá khứ,
kéo dài đến hiện
tại và có thể tiếp

tục trong tương
lai

SIMPLE PAST
(QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN)
+: S + V2 / V-ed

- hành động xảy
ra và chấm dứt ở
một thời điểm xác
định trong quá
khứ.
- kể lại một chuỗi
hành động xảy ra
liên tục trong quá
khứ.
- một thói quen
trong quá khứ
- hành động đang

-: S + didn’t + V1
?: Did + S + V1 ….?

PAST PROGRESSIVE

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USE
- thói quen ở hiện
tại

- sự thật, chân lí.

SIGNAL WORDS
- always, usually,
often, sometimes,
seldom, once / twice a
week, -------------------- Look!
- Listen!
- Be quiet!
- Keep silent!
Note: một số động từ
thường không dùng
với thì tiếp diễn: like,
dislike, hate, love,
want, prefer, admire,
believe, understand,
remember, forget,
know, belong, have
(có), taste, smell, ….

EXAMPLES
- I often go to school by bike.
- The earth moves around the sun.

--------------------------------- (gần đây)
----------------------------------------------------- (cho tới bây giờ)
- already, ever, never,
just, yet, for, since.
- how long …
- this is the first

time/second time…
- many times / several
times
- for + khoảng th/g +
nowr
- for, since, …

- I have worked here for ten years.

- yesterday, last week,
last month, …ago, in
1990, in the past, …
- It’s time … / It’s high
time … (đã đến lúc)

- She went to London last year.

- at that time, at (9

- He was doing his homework at 8

- We are learning English.
- She is leaving for Hue next week.
- She usually goes to school by bike
but today she is walking.
- I am watching TV when my sister
is cooking now.

- I have visited Dalat many times.
- She has written a letter.

- I have been working here for ten
years now.

- The man came to the door,
unlocked it, entered the room,
went to the bed and lay down on it.
- When we were students, we often
went on a picnic every weekend.


(QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP
DIỄN)
+: S + was / were + V-ing
-: S + was / were + not +
V-ing
?: Was / Were + S + Ving…?

PAST PERFECT
(QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN
THÀNH
+: S + had + P.P
-: S + hadn’t + P.P
?: Had + S + P.P …?

PAST PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE
(QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN
THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN)
+: S + had + been + Ving

ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar
xảy ra tại một thời o’clock) last night, at
o’clock last night.
điểm xác định
this time (last week),
- The children were playing
trong quá khứ
in the summer, during
football while their mother was
- hai hành động
the summer, all day, all cooking the meal.
cùng xảy ra đồng week, all month, …
- We were watching TV all the
thời trong quá
evening last Sunday.
khứ
- nhấn mạnh tính
liên tục của hành
động diễn ra trong
suốt một khoảng
thời gian được
xác định trong
quá khứ
- hành động xảy
- already, ever, never,
- When I arrived at the party, they
ra trước hành
before, by, by the time, had already left.
động khác hoặc

after, until, when, ….
- I had completed the English
trước một thời
course by 1998.
điểm trong quá
- He had read that book many
khứ
times before he gave it to you.
- hành động lặp đi
lặp lại nhiều lần
trước một hành
động hoặc một
thời điểm trong
quá khứ
- nhấn mạnh tính
- while, when, for,
- When she arrived, I had been
liên tục của một
since, ….
waiting for two hours.
hành động cho
- It was 10 p.m. He had been
đến khi một hành
working since 8 p.m.
động khác trong
quá khứ xảy ra

-: S + hadn’t + been + Ving
?: Had + S + been + Ving …?
SIMPLE FUTURE

(TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN)
+: S + will / shall + V1
-: S + will / shall + not +
V1
(won’t / shan’t +
V1)

- hành động sẽ
xảy ra trong
tương lai
- một quyết định
được đưa ra vào
lúc nói
- một đề nghị
hoặc lời hứa
- một lời đe dọa

- tomorrow, next, in
2012, ….
- I think / guess
- I am sure / I am not
sure

- He will come back tomorrow.
- The phone is ringing. I will
answer it.
- I promise. I won’t tell anyone
about your plan.
- I will tell your mother if you do
that again.

?: Will / Shall + S + V1
…?
Lưu ý cách dùng của Be going to + V1
- diễn tả một dự định đã được sắp đặt trước
Ex: She is going to buy a new computer. (She has saved for a year)
- diễn tả một dự đoán có căn cứ
Ex: The sky is absolutely dark. It is going to rain.
FUTURE PROGRESSIVE - hành động sẽ
- at 9 o’clock
(TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP
đang xảy ra tại
tonight, at this time
DIỄN)
một thời điểm
tomorrow, all this
trong tương lai
afternoon, evening,
+: S + will / shall + be + V- - hai hành động
morning, …
ing
sẽ xảy ra đồng

- At 7 o’clock tonight, we will be
watching the news.
- I will be cooking dinner while my
daughter will be cleaning the floor.
- They will be working all this

7

-: S + will / shall + be + Ving
?: Will / Shall + S + be + Ving…?

FUTURE PERFECT
(TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN
THÀNH)
+: S + will /shall + have +
P.P
-: S + won’t / shan’t + have
+ P.P

ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar
thời trong tương
afternoon.
lai
- nhấn mạnh tính
liên tục của hành
động từ lúc sẽ
bắt đầu và kết
thúc trong một
khoảng thời gian
nhất định trong
tương lai
- hành động sẽ
- when, before, by,
- I will have finished my homework
hoàn thành trước by the time, …
by 9 p.m.

một thời điểm
trong tương lai
- I will have finished my homework
- hành động sẽ
before I go to bed.
hoàn thành trước
một hành động,
sự việc khác
trong tương lai

?: Will / Shall + S + have +
P.P ….?
Một số cách hòa hợp thì giữa mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề thời gian:
Main clause
(Mệnh đề chính)
Present tenses
Past tensesses

Adverbial clause of time
(Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian)
Present te
Past tenses

Future tenses

Present tenses

1. TLĐ + until / when / as soon as + HTĐ
I will wait here until she comes back.
2. TLĐ + after + HTHT

He will go home after he has finished his
work.
3. while / when / as + QKTD, QKĐ
While I was going to school, I met my
friend.
4. QKĐ + while / when / as + QKTD
It (start) --------------- to rain while the boys (play) -------------- football.
5. QKTD + while + QKTD
Last night, I was doing my homework while my sister was playing games.
6.
HTHT + since + QKĐ
I (work) -------------------- here since I
(graduate)---------------------.
7. TLHT + by / by the time + HTĐ
He will have left by the time you arrive.
8. QKHT + by the time / before + QKĐ
He (leave) ------------------ by the time I
came.
9. After + QKHT, QKĐ
After I had finished my homework, I (go)
--------------- to bed.
10. QKĐ + after + QKHT
I (go) ----------------- to bed after I (finish) ---------------my work.
11. Before + QKĐ + QKHT
Before she (have) ---------------- dinner, she (write) ------------letter.
12. QKHT + before + QKĐ
She (write) ---------------- a letter before she (have)
---------------- dinner.
13. QKĐ + since then + HTHT
I (graduate) ---------------- in 2002 since then I (work) --------------- here.

* Đổi thì quá khứ đơn sang hiện tại hoàn thành
1. S + last + V quá khứ đơn + thời gian + ago.
 S + V hiện tại hoàn thành (phủ định) + for + thời gian
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ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar

 It’s + thời gian + since + S + last + V quá khứ đơn.
 The last time + S + V quá khứ đơn + was + thời gian + ago.
2. This is the first time + S + HTHT khẳng định
 S + HTHT never + before
3. S + began / started + V-ing + --- S + have / has + V3/-ed + for / since ---

Ex: We last went to London two years ago.
= We ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------= It’s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------= The last time ----------------------------------------------------------------------------This is the first time I have visited Hanoi.
- I ------------------------------------------------------------------------------I began learning English five years ago.
- I have ------------------------------------------------------------------------

Choose the best answer among A, B, C, or D.
1. When I last saw him, he _____ in London.
A. has lived
B. is living
C. was living
D. has been living
2. We _______ Dorothy since last Saturday.
A. don’t seeB. haven’t seen
C. didn’t see
D. hadn’t seen
3. The train ______ half an hour ago.

A. has been leaving
B. left
C. has left
D. had left
4. Jack ______ the door.
A. has just painted
B. paint
C. will have painted
D. painting
5. My sister ________ for you since yesterday.
A. is looking
B. was looking
C. has been looking
D. looked
6. I ______ Texas State University now.
A. am attending
B. attend
C. was attending
D. attended
7. He has been selling motorbikes ________.
A. ten years ago
B. since ten years
C. for ten years ago
D. for ten years
8. Christopher Columbus _______ American more than 500 years ago.
A. discovered
B. has discovered
C. had discovered
D. had been discovering
9. He fell down when he ______ towards the church.

A. run
B. runs
C. was running
D. had run
10. We _______ there when our father died.
A. still lived
B. lived still
C. was still lived
D. were still living
11. They ______ table tennis when their father comes back home.
A. will play
B. will be playing
C. play
D. would play
12. By Christmas, I _______ for Mr. Smith for six years.
A. shall have been working B. shall work
C. have been working D. shall be working
13. I _______ in the room right now.
A. am being
B. was being
C. have been being
D. am
14. I ______ to New York three times this year.
A. have been
B. was
C. were
D. had been
15. I’ll come and see you before I _______ for the States.
A. leave
B. will leave

C. have left
D. shall leave
16. The little girl asked what _______ to her friend.
A. has happened
B. happened
C. had happened
D. would have been happened
17. John ______ a book when I saw him.
A. is reading
B. read
C. was reading
D. reading
18. Her brother ______ in Canada at present.
A. working
B. works
C. is working
D. work
19. I ______ to the same barber since last year.
A. am going
B. have been going
C. go
D. had gone
20. Her father ______ when she was a small girl.
A. dies
B. died
C. has died
D. had died
21. Almost everyone _______ for home by the time we arrived.
A. leave
B. left

C. leaves
D. had left

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ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar
22. By the age of 25, he ______ two famous novels.
A. wrote
B. writes
C. has written
D. had written
23. While her husband was in the army, Mary ______ to him twice a week.
A. was reading
B. wrote
C. was written
D. had written
24. I couldn’t cut the grass because the lawn mower ______ a few days previously.
A. broke down
B. has been broken
C. had broken down
D. breaks down
24. I have never played badminton before. This is the first time I _____ to play.
A. try
B. tried
C. have tried
D. am trying
25. Since _______, I have heard nothing from him.
A. he had left
B. he left

C. he has left
D. he was left
26. After I _______ lunch, I looked for my bag.
A. had
B. had had
C. have has
D. have had
27. By the end of next year, George _______ English for two years.
A. will have learned
B. will learn
C. has learned
D. would learn
28. The man got out of the car, ________ round to the back and opened the book.
A. walking
B. walked
C. walks
D. walk
29. Henry _______ into the restaurant when the writer was having dinner.
A. was going
B. went
C. has gone
D. did go
30. He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he ______ dinner.
A. finish
B. finishes
C. will finish
D. finishing

UNIT 2: CULTURAL DIVERSITY
VOCABULARY

- diversity ( ) = variety (n)
……………………………………
- diversify (v):
đa dạng hóa
- approval (n) ≠ disapproval (n):
………………………………….
- approve (v):
chấp thuận
- marry (v):
cưới
- marriage (n): - married (a):
………………………………
- groom (n):
………………………..
- bride (n):
………………………
- precede (v) = happen or exist before:
đứng trước, đến trước
- determine (v) = find out:
……………………………..
- attract ( ):
…………………………..
- attractive (
):
…………………………..
- physical attractiveness (n):
…………………………
- attraction ( ):
……………………….
- concern (v) = relate to:

………………………..
- maintain (v):
……………………….
- appearance (n):
………………………
- ………………… (v): tell someone about something very secret:
chia sẻ, tâm sự
- confide in someone:
tin cậy
- wise (a) ≠ unwise (a):
……………………………
- reject (v):
…………………………
- ……………………… (v): willing stop having something you want: ……………………..
- trust (n, v):
……………………….
- trustful (a):
cả tin, hay tin người
- oblige to (v): having a duty to do something:
bắt buộc
10


ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar

- obligation ( ):
- counterpart (n):
- ………………………..(n):
- (be) based on:
- believe in

- fall in love with s.o
- decide + to-inf
- attitude toward
- independent of (a)
≠ dependent on (a);
- protect s.o from .th
Ex: The conical leaf hat protects people from sun and rain.
- beauty (n)
- beautiful (……)
- agree with
Note:
It’s + adj + to-inf ….: thật … để
→ V-ing … + is + adj

……………………………
đối tác, bên tương tác
thế hệ
………………………
……………………………
……………………………..
quyết định
thái độ đối với
……………………………..
……………………………..
bảo vệ ai khỏi cái gì
…………………………..
……………………………
………………………….

Ex: It’s difficult to study English.

-------------------------------------------------------------GRAMMAR
1. Cách phát âm –ed:
- Có 3 cách phát âm –ed tận cùng.
* đọc thành âm /id/ với những từ có âm cuối là / t, d /
* đọc thành âm /t/ với những từ có âm cuối là /p, f, k, s, ∫, t∫, θ /
* đọc thành âm /d/ với những trường hợp còn lại
- Examples:
* /id/: wanted, needed, prevented, confided ….
* /t/: looked, stopped, laughed, coughed, sacrificed…..
* /d/: played, seemed, planned…….
2. TENSES
1. After Mrs. Wang had returned to her house from work, she was cooking dinner.
A
B
C
D
2. Jimmy threw the ball high in the air, and Betty catching it when it came down.
A
B
C
D
3. Linda has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it.
A
B
C
D
4. Last week Mark told me that he got very bored with his present job and is looking for a new one.
A
B
C

D
5. 23. Caroline has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it.
A
B
C
D
6. When I turned on my computer, I was shocked to find some junk mail, and I just delete it all.
A
B
C D
7. We have written to each other when we were in primary school.
A
B
C
D
8. The boss laughed when the secretary has told him that she really needed a pay rise.
A
B
C
D
9. The telephone rang several times and then stop before I could answer it.
A
B
C
D
10. Debbie, whose father is an excellent tennis player, has been playing tennis since ten years.
A
B
C
D

11. I saw lots of interesting places since I went on holiday last summer.

11


ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar
AB
C
D
12. When my cat heard a noise in the bushes, she stopped moving and listen intently.
A
B
C
D
13. I think it’s time you change your way of living.
A
B
C
D
14. Roger felt the outside of his pocket to make sure his wallet is still there.
A
B
C
D
15. When I’m shopping in the supermarket, I ran into an old friend who I hadn’t met for five years.
A
B
C
D
16. The police arrested the man while he is having dinner in a restaurant.

A
B
C
D
17. Peter and Wendy first met in 2006, and they are married for three years now.
A
B
C
D
18. Some people are believing there is life on other planets.
A
B
C D
19. Recently, the island of Hawaii had been the subject of intensive research on the occurrence of earthquakes.
A
B
C
D
20. Every morning, the sun shines in my bedroom window and waking me up.
A
B
C
D
21. My father hasn’t smoked cigarettes for a month.
A. It’s a month since my father last smoked cigarettes.
B. It’s a month ago that my father smoked
cigarettes.
C. It’s a month that my father hasn’t smoked cigarettes. D. It’s a cigarette that my father smoked a month
ago.
22. Mr. Brown bought this car five years ago.

A. Mr. Brown started to buy this car five years ago. B. It has been five years when Mr. Brown bought this
car
C. Mr. Brown has had this car for five years .
D. It is five years ago since Mr. Brown bought this car.
23. John used to write home once a week when he was abroad.
A. John doesn’t now write home once a week any longer.
B. John enjoyed writing home every week when he was abroad.
C. John never forgot to write a weekly letter home when he was abroad.
D. When he was abroad he remembered to write home every week.
24. We started working here three years ago.
A. We worked here for three years.
B. We have no longer worked here for three years.
C. We have worked here for three years.
D. We will work here in three years.

UNIT 3: WAYS OF SOCIALISING
VOCABULARY
- social (a):
- socialize (v):
- socialization (n):
- verbal (a) ≠ non-verbal (a):
- get / attract someone’s attention:
- ……………………… (v):
- communication (n):
- communicative (a):
- wave (v):
- signal (n, v):
- catch one’s eyes: attract someone’s attention:
- get off ≠ get on:
- appropriate (a):

- nod (v):
- clap (hands):
12

……………………….
………………………
………………………
……………………..
………………………
giao tiếp
…………………….
có tính giao tiếp, truyền đạt
……………………………
dấu hiệu, ra dấu
làm ai chú ý
……………………………
thích hợp, đúng
………………………….
vỗ tay


ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar

- impolite (rude) ≠ polite (a):
- formal (a) ≠ informal (a):
- informality (n) ≠ formality (n):
- approach (v): come near:
- object to:
- reasonable (a):
- (be) sorry for:

- break down:
- point at
Note:
Would like + to-inf
Want + to-inf
Ex: Would you like to have a cup of coffee?
I want to be a doctor.
Lời khen ngợi
- You really have a beautiful _______.
- You look really nice with ________.
- Your hairstyle is terrific.
- Your English is better than many Americans.

…………………….
……………………..
…………………….
…………………….
phản đối
…………………..
……………………….
……………………..
chỉ vào

Lời cảm ơn
- Thank you / Thanks. That’s a nice
compliment.
- You’ve got to be kidding! I thought it was
terrible.
- I’m glad you like it.
- Thanks. That’s very nice of you to say so.

* Trọng âm của những từ có hai âm tiết:
- Trọng âm chỉ được đặt trên từ gốc. Phần được thêm vào (tiếp đầu ngữ hay tiếp vĩ ngữ) không
được tính là vần/âm tiết.
1. Danh từ và tính từ:
- Trọng âm được đặt ở vần đầu
Ex: ‘table, ‘happy, ‘lucky, ‘weather……
- Một số danh từ có trọng âm ở từ gốc
Ex: de’sign, be’lief, ac’cept, de’mand………..
- Danh từ tận cùng –OO hay –OON: trọng âm đặt trên vần này
Ex: after’noon, bam’boo, bal’loon……..
2. Động từ:
- động từ tận cùng bằng –OW, -EN, -Y, -EL, -LE, -ISH: trọng âm ở vần thứ nhất
Ex: ‘follow, ‘finish, ‘carry, ‘suffer, ‘harden, ‘answer………
- động từ tận cùng bằng –ATE: trọng âm đặt ở vần hai
Ex: trans’late, cre’ate……..
EXERCISE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

a. generation
a. police
a. determine

a. scary
a. manage
a. offer
a. support
a. inform
a. endanger

b. marriage
b. spirit
b. maintain
b. dissolve
b. recognize
b. listen
b. fascinate
b. appeal
b. compose

c. value
c. banquet
c. sacrifice
c. expand
c. argue
c. precede
c. accept
c. attempt
c. flourish

d. belief
d. culture
d. apologize

d. reform
d. discriminate
d. follow
d. believe
d. hesitate
d. delight

13


10. a. stimulate

b. subtract

ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar
c. announce
d. maintain

Choose the best answer:
1. He asked them --------------.
A. help him
B. should help him
C. to help him
D. help to him
2. She said that she -------------- there the year before.
A. went
B. had gone
C. would go
D. goes
3. Peter asked Jane why -------------- the film on T.V the previous night.

A. didn’t she watch
B. hadn’t she watched
C. she doesn’t watch
D. she hadn’t watched
4. They said they -------------- us if we needed.
A. help
B. helped
C. would help
D. had helped
5. He advised them -------------- in class.
A. to not talk
B. not to talk
C. to talk not
D. don’t talk
6. She said to us “Don’t be late again”.
A. She said us not to be late again.
B. She told us to be not late again.
C. She told to us not to be late again.
D. She told us not to be late again.
7. “John shouldn’t have behaved so badly.”, said Janet.
A. Janet doesn't like John's behaviors.
B. Janet was angry with John.
C. Janet disliked John.
D. Janet objected to John's behaviors.
8. John said “You had better not lend them any money, Daisy”.
A. John said Daisy not to lend them any money.
B. John advised Daisy should not lend any money.
C. John said to Daisy not lend them any money.
D. John advised Daisy not to lend them any money.
9. “I’m sorry I have to leave so early’, he said.

A. He apologized for having to leave early.
B. He apologized to have to leave early.
C. He apologized that he has to leave early
D. He apologized to have left early.
10.“Can I borrow your pen please, Sam?”, said Gillian.
A. Gillian asked Sam if she can borrow his pen.
B. Gillian asked Sam if she could borrow his pen.
C. Gillian asked Sam she can borrow his pen.
D. Gillian asked Sam she could borrow his pen.
11.“Where did you go last night, Nam?”, said Hoa
A. Hoa said to Nam where had he gone the night before.
B. Hoa said to Nam where he had gone the night before.
C. Hoa told Nam where he had gone last night.
D. Hoa asked Nam where he had gone the night before.
12.“What were you doing last night, Mr. John?” The police asked.
A. The police asked what were you doing last night, Mr. John.
B. The police asked Mr. John what he had been doing the night before.
C. The police asked Mr. John what had he been done the night before.
D. The police asked Mr. John what he had done the night before.
13.Some one was wondering if the taxi -------------- yet.
A. had arrived
B. arrived
C. arrives
D. had arrived
14.The government has announced that taxes --------------.
A. would be raised
B. had been raised
C. were raised
D. will be raised
15.Some one -------------- the tickets are free.

A. said me B. said me that
C. told to me
D. told me
16.He said he would do it --------------.
A. yesterday
B. the following day
C. the previous day
D. the day before
17.He proved that the earth -------------- round the Sun.
A. had gone
B. was going
C. goes
D. would go
18.I told you -------------- the computer, didn’t it?
A. to switch off
B. don’t switch off
C. not switch off
D. switch off
19.Claire wanted to know what time --------------.
A. do the banks close
B. the banks closed C. did the banks close D. the banks would close
20.Ann -------------- and left.
A. said good bye
B. said me good bye
C. told me good bye
D. goodbye me

UNIT 4: SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM
14

ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar

VOCABULARY
- consist of
…………………………….
- compulsory (a): obligatory (a)
……………………………..
- compulsion ( )
…………………………….
- from the age of 5 to 16
từ 5 đến 16 tuổi
- at the end of (month / week)
cuối (tháng / tuần ….)
- at the age of
vào năm …… tuổi
- divide into:
……………………………
- curriculum (n)
…………………………..
- ………………………… ≠ private school:
……………………………….
- core subject
……………………………..
- GCSE = ……………… ………………. of ……………….. Education: ………………………
- general education
giáo dục phổ thông
- nursery (n)
……………………………
- kindergarten (n)

…………………………….
- ……………………….:
giáo dục tiểu học
- secondary education
……………………………
- lower secondary school
……………………………..
- upper secondary school
……………………………
- …………………………..
giáo dục đại học
- optional (a):
………………………….
- ‘tuition fee:
………………………….
- ‘fee-paying (a)
…………………………..
- take part in: participate in
……………………………
- term (n): semester
……………………….
Note:
TRỌNG ÂM CỦA NHỮNG TỪ CÓ BA ÂM TIẾT
- Những từ có hậu tố là: -ade, -ee, -ese, -ette, -ique, -eer, -ain thì trọng âm chính rơi vào ngay âm
tiết đó
Ex: lemo’nade, ciga’rette, Vietna’mese, …
- Âm tiết liền trước các hậu tố -tion, thường nhận trọng âm
Ex:, trans’lation
- Từ tận cùng bằng –ate thường đặt ở âm thứ 3 tính từ cuối
Ex: ‘generate, cer’tificate, cong’ratulate

READING
I. Choose the best answer:
1. In England, there are …………………….terms in a school year.
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. more than four
2. The independent or public school system is ………………..
A. free
B. cheap
C. fee-paying
D. suitable
3. The national curriculum includes …………………core subjects.
A. 3
B. 11
C. 8
D. 4
4. Core subjects are ………………….in the national examinations.
A. optional
B. compulsory
C. fee-paying
D. descriptive
II. Find words or phrases in the reading passage which have the following meanings:
1. schools in which all children can attend without paying tuition fees: ……………………………….
2. a stage of study for children aged from 5 to 10: …………………………………………………….

15


ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar

3. put into force by the law: ……………………………………………………………………………
4. a stage of study for children aged from 11 to 16: ……………………………………………………
5. a detailed plan for a course of study offered in a school or college:………………………………….
6. the examinations children sit at the end of compulsory education:
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
III. Choose the best answer:
1. Tommy left high school …………………..the age ………………..seventeen.
A. at / of
B. in / for
C. on / with
D. of / in
2. ………………….is the study of the events of the past.
A. Geography
B. History
C. Arts
D. Literature
3. In the UK, _______ schools refer to government-funded schools which provide education free of charge to
pupils.
a. state
b. secondary
c. independent d. primary
4. School uniform is compulsory in most of Vietnamese schools.
A. dependent
B. divided
C. paid D. required
5. Mathematics, a required subject in all schools, is …………………..into many branches.
A. grouped
B. prepared
C. divided
D. added

SPEAKING
Choose the best answer.
1. “You really have a beautiful dress.”
A. What?
B. Thank you
C. You are welcome.
D. Yes, please
2. Minh: “……………………?”
Lan: “He is short and fat.”
A. How old is he
B. How tall is he
C. What does he do
D. What does he look like
3. “Would you like to meet Hoa, my friend?”
“………………………”
A. Yes, I’d love to
B. Yes, I like
C. No, I would
D. No, I wouldn’t like
4. “Why was Tom sad?”
“……………………………”
A. Because he works hard
B. Because he failed the exam
C. Because he didn’t get up set
D. Because he could eat a lot
5. “………………….do you have English?”
“Three times a week.”
A. How
B. How far
C. How long

D. How often
6. “…………………..have you lived here?”
“For ten years.”
A. When..
B. Since when
C. How far
D. How long
7. “I think computers are useful.”
“……………………….”
A. I’m not agree
B. So do I
C. I disagree too
D. I do either
8. “Your hairstyle is terrific, Mary.”
- “………………”
A. Thanks
B. Don’t mention it
C. Not at all
D. Yes, please do
9. “What a lovely hat you have.”
- “Thanks, ……………….”
A. I’m glad you like it
B. I don’t care
C. That’s OK
D. Certainly
10. Jane: “You look great in that red skirt, Laura!”
Laura: “………………………….”
A. No, I don’t
B. Oh, you don’t like it, do you
C. I bought it at NEM’s

D. Thanks, it’s my mum’s present on my birthday.
11. John: “Don’t forget to send your parents my regards.”
Tim: “……………………..”
A. Thanks, I will
B. You’re welcome
C. Good ideas, thanks D. It’s my pleasure
12. Jim: “Do you agree that physical exercises can keep our body fit?”
Laura: “You’re right. …………………”
A. Of course not
B. There’s no doubt about that
C. That’s very surprising
D. I’m not with you there
13. Waiter: “How do you like your steak done?”
Customer: “……………………….”
A. Well done, please
B. I don’t like it much
C. I like it
D. Not very well
14. Kathy: “Should we use solar energy to protect the environment?”

16


ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar
Janet: “…………………”
A. No, thanks
B. You don’t think so, do you
C. Yes, I’ll go
D. That’s a good idea
15. Tom: “You look great today, Jack.”

Jack: “……………………”
A. No, I don’t
B. You like it
C. You don’t like it, do you

D. Thanks

PASSIVE VOICE
1. "What a beautiful shirt you're wearing!"
"Thank you. It ............... especially for me by my mother."
A. is made
B. has made
C. made
D. was made
2. I don't understand why the students didn't keep silent while the speech ............
A. has been made
B. was made C. would be made
D. was being made
3. This is the first time I have seen this car. Where ..................?
A. did it make
B. did it made
C. was it make
D. was it made
4. Today, many serious childhood diseases .................... by early immunization.
A. are preventing
B. can prevent C. prevent
D. can be prevented
5. When he arrived at the furniture shop, they had been sold the table he wanted.
A
B

C
D
6. The first May Day celebrated in England in 1890.
A
B
C
D
7. More people are infecting with HIV this year than they were 5 years ago.
A
B
C
D
8. People said that Tom stole that bicycle.
A. Tom is said to steal that bicycle.
B. Tom is said that to steal that bicycle.
C. Tom was said to steal that bicycle.
D. Tom were said to steal that bicycle.
9. There’s somebody walking behind us. I think ................... .
A. we are following
B. we are being followed
C. we are followed D. we are being following
10. We’re late. The film .................. by the time we get to the cinema.
A. will already start
B. will be already started
C. will already have started
D. will be starting
11. I still can not believe it. My bicycle .................. some minutes ago.
A. was stolen
B. was stealing
C. stolen

D. stole
12. Dynamite ................... by Alfred Bernard Nobel.
A. have been invented
B. invented
C. was invented
D. was being invented
13. Do you believe that such a problem can ...................?
A. solve
B. be solving
C. is solved
D. be solved
14. People believed that John is a good person.
A. It is believed that John is a good person.
B. It was believed that John is a good person
C. It believes that John is a good person
D. It believed that John is a good person.
15. Mary is reading newspapers now.
A. Newspapers are read by Mary now.
B. Newspapers being read by Mary now.
C. Newspapers are being read by Mary now.
D. Newspapers are reading by Mary now.
16. The storm has delayed the 11.20 flight to London.
A. The 11.20 flight has been delayed to London by the storm.
B. The 11.20 flight to London has been delayed by the storm.
C. The 11.20 flight to London has delayed the storm.
D. All are correct.
17. People believe that hundreds of homeless children are living on the streets.
A. It is believed that hundreds of homeless children are living on the streets.
B. Hundreds of homeless children are believed to be living on the streets.
C. Hundreds of homeless children believe to be living on the streets.

D. A & B are correct.
18. You should give us this information.
A. We should give you this information.
C. We should be give this information.
B. We should be given this information.
D. This information should give us.
19. They are repairing our car at the garage.
A. Our car is repairing at the garage.
B. Our car is being repairing at the garage.
C. Our car is being repaired at the garage
D. They are being repaired our car at the garage.
20. No one has cleaned the floor for weeks.
A. The floor hasn’t been cleaned for weeks.

17


ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar
B. The floor has been cleaned by someone for weeks.
C. The floor hasn’t cleaned for weeks.
D. A & B are correct.

UNIT 5: HIGHER EDUCATION
VOCABULARY
- apply for a job (v):
nộp đơn (xin việc)
- apply to s.o
nộp đơn đến ai
- application (n):
sự áp dụng, đơn xin

- application form:
mẫu đơn, đơn
- applicant (n) /’æplikənt/:
…………………………..
- impress (v):
…………………………..
- impression (n):
ấn tượng
- campus (n): /’kæmpəs/
…………………………..
- exist (v):
…………………………
- existence (n):
………………………
- lonely (a):
……………………..
- loneliness ( ):
……………………..
- blame (n, v):
lời trách mắng, trách mắng
- blame something on someone:
đỗ lỗi cái gì cho ai
- all the time = always:
………………………….
- daunt (v) = disappoint (v):
…………………………….
- graduate from:
………………………….
Ex: I graduated from Can Tho University.
- amaze (v):

……………………………..
- scare (n, v) = fright (n) / frighten (v):
……………………………
- scary (a) = frightening
……………………………
- thoroughly (adv) = completely (adv):
………………………………
- create (v):
……………………………
- creative (a):
……………………………
- creativity (n): /kriei’tivəti/
……………………………
- mate (n) = friend
…………………………….
- (to) get on well with s.o:
hài hòa với ai
- identity card:
……………………………….
- …………….. ……………… = letter of introduction: thư giới thiệu
- birth certificate
……………………………….
Note:
- (be) busy + V-ing: bận rộn (việc gì)
Ex: He is busy washing his car.
- seem + to-inf : hình như, có vẻ như
Ex: It seems to be a good job.
TRỌNG ÂM CỦA NHỮNG TỪ CÓ BA ÂM TIẾT TRỞ LÊN
18

ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar

- Âm tiết liền trước các hậu tố -ical, -ual, -ian, -ical, -ity, -graphy, -ics, -logy thường nhận trọng
âm
Ex: eco’nomic, uni’versity, poli’tician, soci’ology, mathe’matics
- Trọng âm đặt ở âm thứ 2 trước các hậu tố -ize, -ary
Ex: ‘modernize, ‘dictionary, i’maginary

READING
I. Read the passage in the textbook and choose the best answer:
1. At first, Sarah felt ………………
A. sorry
B. lonely
C. exciting
D. worried
2. She felt lonely at the party because ……………….
A. she was homesick
B. she didn’t like her university
C. no one seemed to notice her
D. she missed her parents
3. ………………………likes having a chance to be creative.
A. Sarah
B. Ellen
C. Brenden
D. Sarah and Ellen
4. Brenden …………………………
A. didn’t get on well with the roommate
B. enjoyed the first year at college
C. was very excited about going to college

D. attended a party on the first weekend
5. At first, Ellen felt a little ……………………….
A. disappointed
B. exciting
C. sad
D. happy
II. Choose the best answer:
1. He was the only ……………………..that was offered the job.
A. apply
B. application
C. applicant
D. applying
2. We will be sitting for our final examination in the last week …………………..May.
A. in
B. on
C. for
D. of
3. These are requirements …………………..those who want to become a pharmacist.
A. of
B. for C. in
D. about
4. In state schools, students have to follow a national ……………………specified by the Ministry of Education
and Training.
A. curriculum
B. program
C. subject
D. compulsory
5. Sue got bored with her job and decided to ……………………….it up.
A. bring
B. catch

C. give
D. keep
6. The new library was built in the centre of the …………………………
A. application
B. campus
C. creativity
D. accommodation
7. That’s the …………………story I’ve ever heard.
A. scare
B. scary
C. scariest
D. scarier
8. The new car goes at an ………………….speed.
A. amazing
B. amaze
C. amazed
D. amazes
SPEAKING
1. “Where is Minh?” - I think he’s …………………………
A. hungry
B. upstairs
C. tired
D. bored
2. “Would you like to go to the band concert?” - ………………., but I have seen it already.
A. No, I don’t
B. Yes, please
C. Thanks
D. No problem
3. “Where can we put these flowers?” – “They should …………………….in warm places.”
A. be kept

B. kept
C. keep
D. be keeping
4. I love this film. I think it’s the fourth time …………………….
A. I saw it
B. I’ve seen it
C. I see it
D. I would see it
5. “……………….?” – Yes, twice.
A. Did you ever go to London
B. Have you ever been to London
C. Are you ever in London
D. Do you ever go to London
6. He came in and did not say anything, ………………..worried all of us.
A. which
B. that C. what
D. it
7. It’s cold outside. Don’t forget …………………….your coat.
A. take
B. to take
C. taking
D. took
8. Your house is very beautiful. How long …………………..here? – Nearly ten years.
A. do you live
B. have you lived
C. did you live
D. had you lived
9. Hi, Liz. ………………………..? – Yes, I took a trip to the countryside.
A. Have a good weekend
B. What’s your weekend

C. How’s your weekend
D. Where did you go on weekend

19


ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar
10. “How can you get to your home village?” - …………………….
A. one hour
B. by bus
C. once a week
11. “There’s baseball game tonight.” - ………………………….
A. Great, let’s go
B. I don’t care
C. No problem
12. “Do you want to play soccer on Saturday?” - ………………………
A. Yeah. That would be great
B. I don’t like C. I don’t know
13. “You are in great shape.” - …………………….
A. I don’t think so
B. Really?
B. Everybody says so
14. “Let’s meet at the restaurant at 6 p.m.” - …………………………
A. What a pity
B. That’s right
C. That’s fine with me
15. “I’ve got an interview next week.” - ………………………..
A. That’s great
B. Well, good luck
C. Thanks

PRONUNCIATION:
1.
A. hit
B. sting
C. bite
2.
A. increased
B. asked
C. decided
3.
A. summer
B. include
C. instruction
4.
A. chemistry
B. machine
C. mechanic
5.
A. question
B. celebration
C. education
6.
A. decide
B. combine
C. apply
7.
A. enlarge
B. flower
C. provide
8.

A. discussion
B. assistant
C. character
9.
A. biology
B. mathematic
C. geography
10. A. example
B. attention
C. appropriate

D. rarely
D. Don’t mention it
D. You are kidding
D. Thanks
D. You’re welcome
D. Yes, please
D. ship
D. impressed
D. compulsory
D. orchestra
D. collection
D. happen
D. complete
D. expensive
D. gymnastic
D. communication

GRAMMAR: Conditional sentences
1. “Would you like some cake?”- “No, thanks. If I ________ cake, I ______ fat.”

A. ate/ will get
B. ate/ would get
C. would eat/could get
D. am eating/ will get
2. Pam broke her arm in the accident. It____ much worse if she hadn’t been wearing her seat belt.
A. will be
B. would have been
C. was
D. were
3. If you _____ me about the bad service, we’d have eaten there.
A. didn’t tell
B. wouldn’t have told
C. hadn’t told
D. had told
4. The teacher was absent today, so class was canceled. If she _____ absent again tomorrow, class____
tomorrow, too.
A. is/ will cancel
B. is/ will be canceled
C. was/ would be canceled
D. was/ would cancel
5. If you ______ to my advice in the first place, you______ in this mess right now.
A. listen/ won’t be
B. had listened/ wouldn’t have been
C. will listened/ wouldn’t be D. had listened/ wouldn’t be
6. If you _____ here earlier, you _____ her.
A. had come/ would have met B. come /meet
C. came/would meet D. comes will meet
7. If I _____ a millionaire, I ______ a Civic Honda.
A. am/ will buy B. was/ would buy
C. was/ would have bought

D. were/ would buy
8. “ Here is my phone number”- “thanks, I _______ you a call if I _____ some help.”
A. will give/ will need
B. would give/ needed
C. will give/ need
D. give/ need
9. If I _____ wings, I _____ take an airplane to fly home.
A. have/ won’t have to
B. had/ wouldn’t have to C. have/ will have to D. had/ didn’t have to
10. I think you should stop smoking.
A. if I am you, I will stop smoking.
B. if I were you, I will stop smoking.
C. if I were you, I would stop smoking.
D. if I had been you, I would stop smoking.
11. If I were you, I would work harder.
A. you would rather not work so hard
B. you should work harder
C. you should work with me D. do not work so hard.
12. We did not visit the museum because we had no time.
A. If we have time, we will visit the museum.
B. If we had time, we would visit the museum.
C. If we had had time, we would have visited the museum.
D. If we had had time, we will visit the museum.
13. He looked frightened as if he ______ a ghost.
A. sees
B. is seeing
C. has seen
D. had seen
14. ______You work harder, you will be sacked.
A. Whether

B. If
C. However
D. Unless

20


ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar
15. Unless you _____ quiet, I’ll scream.
A. don’t keep
B. keep
C. kept
D. didn’t keep
16. I won’t wake unless I ______ the alarm.
A. don’t hear
B. heard
C. hear
D. didn’t hear
17. ______, he would have been able to pass the exam.
A. If he studied more
B. If he were studying more
C. studying more
D. had he studied more
18. Had I had some more money, I _______ that book.
A. Would buy
B. will buy
C. would have bought
D. all are correct 19.
______ if I take a map.
A. I will get lost

B. I will not get lost
C. I would get lost
D. I would not get 20.
If cauliflowers ______ from extreme temperatures, the heads get discolored.
A. will not be protected
B. are not protected
C. were not protected
D. are not being protected
21. “I couldn’t have made it without your help” means
A. I couldn’t have made it if you helped me.
B. I couldn’t have made it if you had helped me.
C. I couldn’t have made it if you hadn’t helped me. D. I couldn’t have made it if you didn’t help me.
22. She didn’t stop her car because shi didn’t see the signal.
A. If she saw the signal, she would stop her car.
B. If she had seen the signal, she would stop her car.
C. If she had seen the signal, she would have stopped her car.
D. If she saw the signal, she would have stopped her car.
23. His flight was delayed so he couldn’t be here on time.
A. He would be here in time if his flight were not delayed.
B. He would have been here in time if his flight hadn’t been delayed.
C. He would be here in time if his flight hadn’t been delayed.
D. He would have been here in time if his flight weren’t delayed.
24. What do you do if you won the first prize of the lottery?
A
B
C
D
25. If a drop of oil is placed in a glass of water, it would float to the top
A
B

C
D

UNIT 6: FUTURE JOBS
VOCABULARY
- nervous (a) ≠ calm (a):
……………………………….
- nervousness (n):
………………………………
- honest (a):
………………………………
- self-confident (a):
………………………………
- self-confidence (n):
……………………………
- call for:
gọi, kêu gọi
- …………………….. (v):
gây ấn tượng
- ………………………(n):
ấn tượng
- vacancy (n) = a job that is available:
………………………………..
- ……………………………/‘rezjumei/ = curriculum vitae:
………………………………..
- candidate (n):
………………………………
- letter of recommendation:
………………………………
…………… ……………. = note down:

………………………………..
- qualification (n):
……………………………….
- qualify ( ):
……………………………….
- ……………………….
học bạ
- (to) relate to:
có liên quan
- (to) concentrate on:
tập trung vào
Ex: You should concentrate on what the interviewer is saying.
- (be) willing to + V1:
………………………………..
21


ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar

- (be) keen on:
- take care of = look after
- keenness = special interest:
- on time:
Ex: You should be on time or a few minutes early.
- ………………………….(v, n):
- interviewer (n):
- interviewee (n):
- shortcoming (n) = weakness (n)
- enthusiasm (n):
- ………………………… (adj):

- prepare for
- find out
- letter of application
- suitable for
READING Choose the best answer

………………………………..
……………………………….
………………………………..
……………………………….
phỏng vấn, buổi phóng vấn
………………………………
…………………………………
……………………………
………………………………
hăng hái
………………………………
………………………………
……………………………….
……………………………….

1. You should find out as much as possible about the job and the vacancy.
A. a seat that is available
B. a part of a newspaper where job are advertised
C. a space
D. a job that is available
2. Before the interview, you have to send a letter of application and your resume to the company.
A. a letter of recommendation
B. a photocopy of academic certificate
C. a school report

D. a short written account of someone’s education and previous job
3. You might be the most suitable candidate for that position.
A. person who is nominated for the position
B. person who is looking for a job
C. person who interviews the applicants
D. person who recommend the vacancy
4. In addition, you may jot down your qualifications and experience.
A. mention
B. type
C. note down
D. save
5. Always show your best side, your keenness to work and your sense of responsibility
A. special interest
B. very quick understanding
C. sense of humorous
D. sense of responsibility
6. You should concentrate on what the interviewer is saying.
A. be related to
B. express feelings C. express the thoughts
D. pay all attention to
7. To many people, preparing for a job interview can be ……………….
A. stress
B. stressful
C. eased
D. pleased
8. Don’t forget to bring with you your ………………….and letter of recommendation to the interview.
A. resume
B. letter of application
C. qualification
D. school certificate

9. You should show the interviewer that you are really keen ………………..the job.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. for
10. Dressing neatly and formally helps you create a good ………………….on your interviewer.
A. impression
B. enthusiasm
C. keenness
D. preparation
11. You may feel ………………….when failing a job interview but try again.
A disappoint
B. disappointed
C. disappointing
D. disappointment
PRONUNCIATION
1.
A. healthy
B. grocery
C. nearby
D. energy
2.
A. finished
B. played
C. preferred
D. freed
3.
A. mount
B. country
C. ground

D. found
4.
A. washed
B. advised
C. promised
D. talked
5.
A. good
B. book
C. foot
D. school
6.
A. entertain
B. endanger
C. engage
D. encourage
7.
A. engineering
B. popularity
C. information
D. experience
8.
A. religious
B. compulsory
C. convenient
D. comfortable
9.
A. equality
B. difficulty
C. discovery

D. simplicity
10. A. fashionable
B. possibility
C. Vietnamese
D. electrician
GRAMMAR: RELATIVE CLAUSES

22


ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar
1. Mary, ………………sits next to me, is good at math.
A. who
B. that
C. 0
D. A & B are correct
2. Is this the ring …………….you were looking for?
A. which
B. that
C. 0
D. all are correct
3. This morning I met somebody ………………I hadn’t seen for ages.
A. who
B. that
C. whoever
D. when
4. Is this the article in …………………you were interested?
A. which
B. that
C. whichever

D. 0
5. An orphan is a child …………………….parents are dead.
A. who
B. whom
C. that
D. whose
6. This is the house ………………..we often stay in the summer.
A. which
B. where
C. that
D. A & B are correct
7. Mr. Brown, …………….is only 34 is the director of this company.
A. that
B. whoever
C. whom
D. who
8. She couldn’t come to the party, ……………..is a pity.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. B & C are correct
9. I saw a lot of people and horses ……………….went to market.
A. which
B. where
C. who
D. that
10. He is riding a bicycle ……………….by his father.
A. buying
B. bought
C. was bought

D. which bought
11. My only blue tie, which Richard wants to wear, are really an expensive one.
A
B
C
D
12. They would like a teacher whom native language is English.
A
B
C
D
13. Do you know the reason when English men travel on the left?
A
B
C
D
14. Mother’s Day is the day when children show their love to their mother on.
A
B
C
D
15. The singer about whom I told you her yesterday is a television reported.
A
B
C
D
16. What’s the name of the man________?
A. you borrowed his car
B. which car you borrowed
C. whose car you borrowed

D. his car you borrowed
17. Colin told me about his job,_______ very much.
A. that he’s enjoying
B. which he’s enjoying
C. he’s enjoying D. he’s enjoying it
18. Sheila couldn’t come to the party, _______ was a pity.
A. that
B. it
C. what
D. which
19. Some of the people ______ to the party can’t come.
A. inviting
B. invited
C. who invited
D. they were invited
20. A pensioner is someone _____ no longer works and gets money from the state.
A. whom
B. whose
C. which
D. that
21. The women ______ he fell in love left him after a few weeks.
A. with whom
B. who
C. to whom
D. for whom
22. I saw several buildings, _________ were damaged by the earthquake.
A. most of which
B. most of them
C. all of whom
D. some of whose

23. I enjoyed the book that you told me to read it.
A
B
C
D
24. That commentator, his name I have forgotten, is very well-known.
A
B
C
D
25. The policeman must try to catch those men whom drive dangerously.
A
B
C
D
26. He was very surprised when he visited London, in that the drivers always drive on the right hand side of the
street.

CỤM TỪ VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ TRẠNG NGỮ CHỈ SỰ NHƯỢNG BỘ
1. Cụm từ chỉ sự nhượng bộ:
In spite of / Despite + V-ing / N / Noun phrase: dù, mặc dù
Ex: Despite being rich, he doesn’t live a happy life.
(V-ing Phrase)
23


ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar

2. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhượng bộ:
Though / although / even though + S + V + (O)

Ex: Although he works very hard, he can’t earn enough money for the family.
(Clause)
3. Cách chuyển mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhượng bộ sang cụm từ chỉ sự nhượng bộ:
a. Đại từ + be + adj

→

In spite of / Despite + my / his / her / their + N (từ adj)
In spite of / Despite + being + adj

Ex: Although he is rich, he doesn’t live a happy life.
In spite of --------------------------------, he doesn’t live a happy life.
Despite --------------------------, he doesn’t live a happy life.
b. N + be + adj

→

In spite of / Despite + the + adj + N

Ex: Although the test was very difficult, he was able to do it well.
Despite -------------------------------, he was able to do it well.
c. S + V + O

→

In spite of / Despite + V-ing + O

Ex: Though she studied hard, she couldn’t get good marks in the exam.
Despite -------------------------------, she couldn’t get good marks in the exam.
Even though he has practised driving a lot, he can’t pass the driving test.

In spite of -----------------------------------------, he can’t pass the driving test.
EXERCISE: Change clauses of concession to phrases
1. She didn’t eat much though she was hungry.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. He couldn’t solve the problem though he is good at math.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Although it got dark, they continued to work.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Although it rained heavily, I went to school on time.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. Although the weather is bad, we are going to have a picnic.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. He didn’t stop his car though the traffic lights turned red.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. He went to sleep though he had not finished the paper.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. Although the prices are high, my daughter insists on going to the movie.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

UNIT 8: LIFE IN THE FUTURE
VOCABULARY
- pessi‘mistic (a)
- ‘pessimism (n)
- ‘pessimist (n)
- opti‘mistic (a)
- ‘optimism (n)
- ‘optimist (n)
- depression (n)
- depress (v)
- corpo‘ration (n): large business or company

24

………………………………………….
tính bi quan, chủ nghĩa bi quan
………………………………………….
………………………………………….
………………………………………….
………………………………………….
tình trạng trì trệ, sự suy thoái, chán nản
………………………………………….
………………………………………….


ENGLISH 12 – Vocabulary + Grammar

- wipe out
- ………………………..(n)
- on the contrary
- threaten (v)
- ……………………..(n)
- ‘terrorist (n)
- ‘terror (n)
- powerful ( )
- domestic chore
- burden (n) = load
- thanks to
- invent ( )
- invention ( )
- labour-saving device
- ‘micro tech‘nology

- telecom‘munication (n)
- ‘influence on (v,n)
- space-shuttle (n)
- kph = ……………………………………..
- (be) full of
- con‘tribute to
- incredible (a) /in‘kredəbl/ = impossible to believe
READING

………………………………………….
sự an toàn
…………………………………………
…………………………………………..
chủ nghĩa khủng bố
…………………………………………..
sự khủng bố
…………………………………………..
việc vặt trong nhà
gánh nặng
…………………………………………..
phát minh
……………………………………………
thiết bị tiết kiệm sức lao động
công nghệ vi mô
……………………………………………..
……………………………………………
……………………………………………
……………………………………………
đầy ắp, nhiều
…………………………………………..

…………………………………………..

Task 1: (textbook, page 86)
Task 2: True / False statements
…………….1. According to pessimists, in the future things are better than they are today.
…………….2. Optimists think that people will live in cleaner environment and eat healthier foods in the future.
…………….3. With the development of micro-technology, people can work from home via computers.
…………….4. People will not use petrol to run cars in the future.
…………….5. Cars will be equipped with computers to tell how efficiently the drivers are driving and whether
there is anything wrong on the road ahead.
Task 3: Choose the best answer
1. The word “they” in line 17 refers to …………………
A. robots
B. factories
C. aspects of life
D. computers
2. Thanks to ……………….housework will no longer be a burden.
A. computers
B. robots
C. telecommunication
D. labour-saving device
3. People will use ………………to run cars.
A. petrol
B. gas
C. electricity
D. from electricity to methane gas
4. No one can predict the future exactly. Things may happen …………………
A. expected
B. unexpected
C. expectedly

D. unexpectedly
5. Someone who is ………………..is hopeful about the future or the success of something in particular.
A. powerful
B. optimistic
C. stagnant
D. pessimistic
6. She couldn’t go for a picnic with us because she had to stay …………….home to look ……………her sick
father.
A. in / for
B. at / after
C. on / at
D. at / up
LANGUAGE FOCUS
EXERCISE 1: Prepositions
1. Could I speak ……………Tom please? – I’m afraid Tom is ……………….work, but Jack is
………………….Would you like to speak ……………him?
2. How do I get …………….the station? – Turn right ………………the end of this street and you will see it in
front …………….you.
3. He started going ……………..school …………..the age of five.

25