38 bài tập đọc HIỂU (247 câu) từ đề cô PHAN điệu image marked image marked

BÀI TẬP ĐỌC HIỂU
EXERCISE 1: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Millions of people are using cellphones today. In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to use
one. In many countries, cellphones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are
more than a means of communication - having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.
The explosion in mobile phone use around the world has made some health professionals worried. Some
doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile
phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried
about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for
your health. On the other hand, medical studies have shown changes in the brain cells of some people
who use mobile phones. Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern
scanning equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at young age because of serious
memory loss. He couldn't remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son.
This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a
couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer's doctor didn't agree.
What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines
can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there
is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.
As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it's best to use mobile phones less often. Use
your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need
it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile
phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, it's wise not to use
your mobile phone too often.
Question 1. According to the passage, cellphones are especially popular with young people because
______.
A. they are indispensable in everyday communications
B. they make them look more stylish
C. they keep the users alert all the time

D. they cannot be replaced by regular phones
Question 2. The changes possibly caused by the cellphones are mainly concerned with ______.
A. the mobility of the mind and the body

B. the smallest units of the brain


C. the arteries of the brain

D. the resident memory

Question 3. The changes possibly caused by the cellphones are mainly concerned with ______.
A. the mobility of the mind and the body

B. the smallest units of the brain

C. the arteries of the brainD. the resident memory
Question 4. Doctors have tentatively concluded that cellphones may ________.
A. damage their users’ emotions

B. cause some mental malfunction

C. change their users’ temperament

D. change their users’ social behaviours

Question 5. The man mentioned in the passage, who used his cellphone too often, ______.
A. suffered serious loss of mental ability

B. could no longer think lucidly

C. abandoned his family D. had a problem with memory
( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 1)
Exercise 2:Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your
answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Traditionally in America, helping the poor was a matter for private charities or local governments.
Arriving immigrants depended mainly on predecessors from their homeland to help them start a new life.
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, several European nations instituted public-welfare programs. But
such a movement was slow to take hold in the United States because the rapid pace of industrialization
and the ready availability of farmland seemed to confirm the belief that anyone who was willing to work
could find a job.
Most of the programs started during the Depression era were temporary relief measures, but one of the
programs - Social Security - has become an American institution. Paid for by deductions from the
paychecks of working people, Social Security ensures that retired persons receive a modest monthly
income and also provides unemployment insurance, disability insurance, and other assistance to those
who need it. Social Security payments to retired persons can start at age 62, but many wait until age 65,
when the payments are slightly higher. Recently, there has been concern that the Social Security fund
may not have enough money to fulfill its obligations in the 21st century, when the population of elderly
Americans is expected to increase dramatically. Policy makers have proposed various ways to make up
the anticipated deficit, but a long-term solution is still being debated.
In the years since Roosevelt, other American presidents have established assistance programs. These
include Medicaid and Medicare; food stamps, certificates that people can use to purchase food; and public
housing which is built at federal expense and made available to persons on low incomes.
Needy Americans can also turn to sources other than the government for help. A broad spectrum of
private charities and voluntary organizations is available. Volunteerism is on the rise in the United States,


especially among retired persons. It is estimated that almost 50 percent of Americans over age 18 do
volunteer work, and nearly 75 percent of U.S. households contribute money to charity.
Question 6. The passage mainly discusses ______.

A. public assistance in America.

B. immigration into America.

C. funding agencies in America.

D. ways of fund-raising in America.

Question 7. New immigrants to the U.S. could seek help from ______.
A. the people who came earlier

B. the US government agencies

C. only charity organizations

D. volunteer organizations

Question 8. It took welfare programs a long time to gain a foothold in the U.S. due to the fast growth
of______.
A. industrialization

B. modernization

C. urbanization

D. population

Question 9. The word “instituted” in the first paragraph mostly means ______.
A. “executed”

B. “studied”

C. “introduced”

D. “enforced”

Question 10. Most of the public assistance programs ______ after the severe economic crisis.
A. were introduced into institutions

B. did not become institutionalized

C. functioned fruitfully in institutions

D. did not work in institutions

Question 11. That Social Security payments will be a burden comes from the concern that ______.
A. elderly people ask for more money

B. the program discourages working people

C. the number of elderly people is growing

D. younger people do not want to work

Question 12. Americans on low incomes can seek help from ______.
A. federal government

B. government agencies

C. state governments

D. non-government agencies

Question 13. Public assistance has become more and more popular due to the ______.
A. young people’s voluntarism only

B. volunteer organizations

C. people’s growing commitment to charity

D. innovations in the tax system

( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 1)
Exercise 3: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
(1) A small but growing group of scholars, evolutionary psychologists, are beginning to sketch the
contours of the human mind as designed by natural selection. Some of them even anticipate the coming
of a field called “mismatch theory”, which would study maladies resulting from contrasts between the
modern environment and the “ancestral environment”. The one we were designed for.


(2) There is no shortage of such maladies to study. Rates of depression have been doubling in some
industrial countries roughly every 10 years. Suicide is the third most common cause of death among
young adults, after car wrecks and homicides.
(3) Evolutionary psychology is a long way from explaining all this with precision, but it is already
shedding enough light to challenge some conventional wisdom. It suggests, for example, that the
nostalgia for the nuclear family of the 1950s is in some way misguided that the model family of husband
at work and wife at home is hardly a “natural” and the healthful living arrangement, especially for the
wives. Moreover, the by gone lifestyles that do look fairly by commercialism. Perhaps the biggest
surprise from evolutionary psychology is it depiction of the “animal” is us. Freud, and various thinkers

since, saw “civilization” as an oppressive force that thwarts basic animal instincts and urges and
transmutes them into psychopathology. However, evolutionary psychology suggests that a large threat to
mental health may be the way civilization thwarts civility. There is a gentler, kinder side of human nature,
and it seems increasingly to be a victim of repression in modern society.
Question14: Which of the following is the theory that evolutionary psychologists forecast about its
appearance?
A. Ancestral environment theory

B. Modern environment theory

C. Civilization theory

D. Mismatch theory

Question 15: The word “contour” in line 1 is closet in meaning to _____.
A. outlines

B. limits

C. structures

D. actions

Question 16: According to the passage, the death of many young people in industrial countries is mainly
caused by _____.
A. murder

B. traffic accidents

C. suicide

D. depression

Question 17: The word “one” in line 4 refers to the _____.
A. mismatch theory

B. field

C. modern environment D. ancestral environment

Question 18: It can be inferred from the passage that evolutionary psychologists dislike nostalgia for the
1950s because _____.
A. it was an unhealthy time to live
B. the nuclear family provides an unsatisfactory lifestyle
C. women who wished to go out to work were misguided
D. family life was seen to be unnatural
( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 2)
Exercise 4:Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.


(1) Footracing is a popular activity in the United States. It is seen not only as a competitive sport but also
as a way to exercise, to enjoy the camaraderie of like–minded people, and to donate money to a good
cause. Though serious runners may spend months training to compete, other runners and walkers might
not train at all. Those not competing to win might run in an effort to beat their own time or simply to
enjoy the fun an exercise. People of all ages. From those of less than one year (who may be pushed in
strollers) to those in their eighties, enter into this sport. The races are held on city streets, on college
campuses, through parks, and in suburban areas, and they are commonly 5 to 10 kilometers in length.
(2) The largest footrace in the world is the 12 kilometer Bay to Breakers race that is held in San
Francisco every spring. This race begins on the east side of the city near San Francisco Bay and ends on

the west side at the Pacific Ocean. There may be 80,000 or more people running in this race through the
streets and hills of San Francisco. In the front of are the serious runners who compete to win and who
might finish in a little as 34 minutes. Behind them are the thousands who take several hours to finish. In
the back of the race are those who dress in costumes and come just for fun. One year there was a group of
men who dresses like Elvis Presley, and another group consisted of the firefighters who were tired
together in a long line and who were carrying a firehose. There was even a bridal party, in which the bride
was dressed in a long white gown and the groom wore a tuxedo. The bride and groom threw flowers to
bystanders, and they were actually married at some point along the route.
Question 19: The main purpose of this passage is to _____.
A. encourage people to exercise

B. describe a popular activity

C. make fun of runners in costume

D. give reasons for the popularity of footraces

Question 20: The phrase “a good cause” in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by which of the
following?
A. or an award

B. to reward the winner

C. for a good purpose

D. to protect a wise investment

Question 21: Which of the following is NOT implied by the author?
A. Footraces appeal to a variety of people.
B. Walkers can compete for prizes.

C. Entering is a good way to give support to an organization.
D. Running is a good way to strengthen the heart.
Question 22: As used in paragraph 1, the word “strollers” refer to _____.
A. cribs

B. wheelchairs

C. wagons

D. carriages

Question 23: In what lines does the author give reasons for why people enter footraces?
A. Footracing ... and exercise

B. People off all ages ... in length

C. The largest ... 34 minutes

D. Behind them ... a firehose


Question 24: The word “costumes” as used in paragraph 2 most likely refers to _____.
A. outfits

B. uniforms

C. cloaks

D. suits

Question 25: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage?
A. Some runners looked like Elvis Presley.
B. Some runners were ready to put out a fire.
C. Some runners were participating in a wedding.
D. Some runners serious about winning.
Question 26: Which of the following best describes the organization of this passage?
A. chronological order

B. specific to general

C. cause and result

D. statement and example

( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 2)
Exercise 5: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Whales are the largest animals in the world, and the gentlest creatures we know. Although the whale is
very huge, it is not hindered at all by its size when it is in the water. Whales have tails that end like
flippers. With just a gentle flick, it can propel itself forward. The skin of a whale is so smooth that it does
not create any friction that can slow the whale down. A whale’s breathing hole is located on the top of its
head, so it can breathe without having to completely push its head out of the water. Whales are protected
from the cold seawater by body fat that is called blubber.
Whales live in the ocean but, in terms of behaviours, they are more similar to humans than fish. They
live in family groups and they even travel in groups when they have to migrate from cooler to warmer
waters. The young stay with their parents for as long as fifteen years. Whales are known not to desert the
ill or injured members; instead, they cradle them.
When whales are in danger, there are people who go to great lengths to help them. One such case
occurred in 1988, when three young whales were trapped in the sea. It was close to winter and the sea had
begun to freeze over. Whales are mammals that require oxygen from the air, so the frozen ice was a great

danger to them. All they had then was a tiny hole in the ice for them to breathe through. Volunteers from
all over soon turned up to help these creatures. They cut holes in the ice to provide more breathing holes
for the whales. These holes would also serve as guides for the whales so that they could swim to warmer
waters.
(Adapted from ?reading_comprehension)
Question 27: Which of the following best describes the main idea of this passage?
A. Successful attempts to rescue whales all over the world


B. Some remarkable similarities of whales to humans
C. Whales as the largest, gentlest but vulnerable creatures
D. Whales as the only animals to live in warm water
Question 28: Whales can move easily in water thanks to their ________.
A. tail and blubber

B. size and head

C. tail and skin

D. skin and head

Question 29: Where is the whale’s breathing hole located?
A. On its head

B. On its back

C. On its face

D. On its tail

Question 30: According to paragraph 2, the author mentions all of the following to show that whales
“are more similar to humans” EXCEPT_______ .
A. they do not desert the ill or injured members
B. they do not migrate from cooler to warmer waters
C. they live in family groups and travel in groups
D. the young stay with their parents for almost fifteen years
Question 31: The word “tiny” in paragraph 3 probably means_______.
A. very small

B. very deep

C. very fat

D. very ugly

( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 3)
Exercise 6:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
It's called 42 – the name taken from the answer to the meaning of life, from the science fiction series The
Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. 42 was founded by French technology billionaire Xavier Niel, whose
backing means there are no tuition fees and accommodation is free. Mr Niel and his co–founders come
from the world of technology and start–ups, and they are trying to do to education what Facebook did to
communication and Airbnb to accommodation.
Students at 42 are given a choice of projects that they might be set in a job as a software engineer –
perhaps to design a website or a computer game. They complete a project using resources freely
available on the Internet and by seeking help from their fellow students, who work alongside them in a
large open–plan room full of computers. Another student will then be randomly assigned to mark their
work.
The founders claim this method of learning makes up for shortcomings in the traditional education
system, which they say encourages students to be passive recipients of knowledge. "Peer–to–peer

learning develops students with the confidence to search for solutions by themselves, often in quite
creative and ingenious ways."
Like in computer games, the students are asked to design and they go up a level by completing a project.
They graduate when they reach level 21, which usually takes three to five years. And at the end, there is a


certificate but no formal degree. Recent graduates are now working at companies including IBM,
Amazon, and Tesla, as well as starting their own firms.
"The feedback we have had from employers is that our graduates are more apt to go off and find out
information for themselves, rather than asking their supervisors what to do next," says Brittany Bir, chief
operating officer of 42 in California and a graduate of its sister school in Paris. Ms Bir says 42's graduates
will be better able to work with others and discuss and defend their ideas – an important skill in the “real
world” of work. "This is particularly important in computer programming, where individuals are
notorious for lacking certain human skills," she says.
But could 42's model of teacherless learning work in mainstream universities? Brittany Bir admits 42's
methods do not suit all students. "It suits individuals who are very disciplined and self–motivated, and
who are not scared by having the freedom to work at their own pace," she says.
(Adapted from />Question 32: According to the passage, 42 is _______.
A. a kind of school

B. a type of accommodation

C. an innovation in technology

D. a tool of virtual communication

Question 33: The word “them” in paragraph 2 refers to _______.
A. students at 42

B. projects

C. resources

D. software engineers

Question 34: The author mentions “to design a website or a computer game” in paragraph 2 to
illustrate_________.
A. a job that a French software engineer always does
B. a choice of assignment that students at 42 have to complete
C. a free resource available on the Internet
D. a help that students at 42 get for their work
Question 35: What do 42’s graduates receive on completion of their course?
A. a certificate

B. a degree

C. a project

D. a design

Question 36: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The founders of 42 share the idea of providing free service on Facebook.
B. It normally takes 42’s students at least five years to complete their course.
C. The students of 42 are required to play computer games during their course.
D. 42’s peer–to–peer approach promotes active learning and working.
Question 37: According to Ms Bir, 42’s graduates will be able to improve _______.
A. the skills of giving feedback
B. the skills of searching for information
C. the skills of teamwork and debating

D. the skills of software programming
Question 38: The word “notorious” in paragraph 5 can be best replaced by _______.
A. respectable

B. incompetent

C. infamous

D. memorable

Question 39: It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A. 42 is a good choice for people of all ages and nationalities
B. all 42’s graduates are employed by world leading technology companies
C. 42’s students have to handle the task assigned without any assistance
D. 42 adopts project–based and problem–solving learning methods
( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 3)
Exercise 7: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Scientists have experimented with a new procedure for alleviating the damage caused by strokes.
Strokes are frequently caused by a blood clot lodging in the tree of arteries in the head, choking the flow
of blood. Some brain cells die as a direct result of the stroke, but others also die over several hours
because the proteins spilling out of the first cells that die trigger a chemical chain reaction that kills the
neighboring cells.
The current method of reducing the amount of damage is to give a clot dissolver, known as TPA, as
soon as possible. But generally TPA is not given to the patient until he or she reaches the hospital, and it
still does not immediately stop the damage.
The new technology, still in the research stage, involves chilling the area or the entire patient. It is
already known that when an organ is cooled, damage is slowed. This is why sometimes a person who has
fallen into an icy pond is not significantly harmed after being warmed up again. The biggest issue is the

method of cooling. It is not feasible to chill the head alone. Doctors have chilled the entire body by
wrapping the patient in cold materials, but extreme shivering was a problem.
The new idea is to cool the patient from the inside out. Several companies are studying the use of
cold-tipped catheters, inserted into the artery in the groin and threaded up to the inferior vena cava, which
is a large vein that supplies blood to the abdomen. The catheter is expected to cool the blood that flows
over it, thus allowing cooler blood to reach the area of the stroke damage.
It is not expected that the cooling will be substantial, but even a slight decrease in temperature is
thought to be helpful. In effect, the patient is given a kind of forced hypothermia. And doctors believe it is
important to keep the patient awake so that they can converse with the patient in order to ascertain mental
condition.


Studies continue to determine the most effective and least damaging means of cooling the patient in
order to reduce this damage.
Question 40: The word “alleviating” in the first sentence is closest in meaning to _____.
A. causing

B. devastating

C. reducing

D. increasing

Question 41: According to the passage, the method of chilling from the inside out is being considered for
all of the following reasons except _____.
A. it is not possible to chill the head alone
B. cold dissolves blood clots
C. chilling from the inside out avoids shaking
D. drugs are not helpful in stopping the chain reaction.
Question 42: According to the passage, what causes a stroke?

A. Low blood flow

B. A blood clot sticking in an area of the brain

C. Hot blood

D. A patient choking on food

Question 43: According to the passage, all of the following are true except that _____.
A. some cells die immediately when a person has a stroke, and others die later
B. the protein from dead cells kills other cells
C. cells die only as a direct result of the stroke
D. TPA is effective in removing blood clots
Question 44: What is the passage mainly about?
A. The dangers of cooling the body.
B. New pharmaceutical methods for reducing stroke damage that are being researched.
C. Causes and effects of strokes.
D. A new method of cooling the body to reduce stroke damage that is being researched.
( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 4)
Exercise 8: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Hobbit-like Species of Humans
On the tiny island of Flores, east of Bali and midway between Asia and Australia, the scientists
have discovered the remains of a small, hobbit-like species of humans. These people grew no larger than
the modern three-year-old child. They lived about 18,000 years ago and are completely different species
of human.


This discovery has taught scientists a lot about the human species. This remarkable discovery shows
that the human species is more varied and flexible in its ability to adapt than previously thought. These

hobbit-like people join a short list of other type of humans that lived with modern humans.
The researchers believe that these hobbits evolved from a normal size, human population that
reached Flores around 840,000 years ago. One likely explanation is that, over thousands of years, the
species became smaller because the environmental conditions favored a smaller body size. The dwarfing
of mammals on islands occurs frequently. Islands limit food supply and predators and species compete for
the same environmental space. Survival would depend on minimizing energy requirements.
Question 45: Which is the main topic of this passage?
A. The reasons for the dwarfing of mammals
B. Detailed information about the features of a different species of human
C. The discovery of a hobbit-like species of human and its significance
D. A fictitious character in world history
Question 46: What makes this discovery so significant?
A. It shows that hobbits may have existed.
B. This shows that small islands are good place for smaller species.
C. It shows that humans do not need a lot of different foods.
D. It shows that human can change a great deal according to the demands of the environment.
Question 47: The word “remains” in the passage is closest in meaning to _____.
A. pictures

B. descendants

C. fossils

D. records

Question 48: Which of the following best favors a smaller body size?
A. a mainland where there is a little competition for survival
B. a small, isolated area where there is a limited food supply
C. an island that has a large and varied food supply
D. an environment where there are many predators

Question 49: According to the passage, all of the following can dwarf a species of animal or human
except _____.
A. little food

B. a deeply forested area with little sunshine

C. few predators

D. limited land

Question 50: Which of the following is true of the newly discovered species?
A. They are the only human species to live with modern man.
B. They moved from island to island.
C. They needed less food than modern human.
D. They were only as intelligent as a three-year-old child.


Question 51: We learn from the passage that dwarfing has occurred _____.
A. on every continent

B. only on the island discussed in the passage

C. on their islands as well

D. none of the above

Question 52: According to the passage, why does a smaller size help species survive under certain
condition?
A. It makes them more difficult for predators to see. B. It allows them to move more quickly.
C. It allows them to consume less food.

D. All of the above

( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 4)
Exercise 9: Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
(1) The protozoans, minute, aquatic creatures each of which consists of a single cell of protoplasm,
constitute a classification of the most primitive forms of animal life. They are fantastically diverse, but
three major groups may be identified on the basis of their motility. The Mastigophora have one or more
long tails, which they use to project themselves forward. The Ciliata, which use the same basic means for
locomotion as the Mastigophora, have a larger number of short tails. The Sarcodina, which include
amoebae, float or row themselves about on their crusted bodies.
(2) In addition to their form of movement, several other features discriminate among the three groups of
protozoans. For example, at least two nuclei per cell have been identified in the Ciliata, usually a large
nucleus that regulates growth but decomposes during reproduction, and a smaller one that contains the
genetic code necessary to generate the large nucleus.
(3) Protozoans are considered animals because, unlike pigmented plants to which some protozoans are
otherwise almost identical, they do not live on simple organic compounds. Their cell demonstrates all of
the major characteristics of the cells of higher animals.
(4) Many species of protozoans collect into colonies, physically connected to each other and responding
uniformly to outside stimulae. Current research into this phenomenon, along with investigations carried
out with advanced microscopes may necessitate a redefinition of what constitutes protozoans, even
calling into question the basic premise that they have only one cell. Nevertheless, with the current data
available, almost 40,000 species of protozoans have been identified. No doubt, as the technology
improves our methods of observation, better models of classification will be proposed.
Question 53: With what topic is the passage primarily concerned?
A. Colonies of protozoans

B. Mastigophora

C. Motility in protozoans

D. Characteristics of protozoans

Question 54: The word “minute” in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by


A. Very common

B. Very fast

C. Very old

D. Very small

C. Grass

D. Wood

Question 55: Where do protozoans probably live?
A. Water

B. Sand

Question 56: What is protoplasm?
A. A class of protozoan
B. The substance that forms the cell of a protozoan
C. A primitive animal similar to a protozoan
D. An animal that developed from a protozoan
Question 57: The word “uniformly” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to

A. in the same way

B. once in a while

C. all of a sudden

D. in the long run

( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 5)
Exercise 10:Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
1) It was the first photograph that I had ever seen, and it fascinated me. I can remember holding it at
every angle in order to catch the flickering light from the oil lamp on the dresser. The man in the
photograph was unsmiling, but his eyes were kind. I had never met him, but I felt that I knew him. One
evening when I was looking at the photograph, as I always did before I went to sleep, I noticed a shadow
across the man’s thin face. I moved the photograph so that the shadow lay perfectly around his hollow
cheecks. How different he looked!
(2) That night I could not sleep, thinking about the letter that I would write. First, I would tell him that I
was eleven years old, and that if he had a little girl my age, she could write to me instead of him. I knew
that he was a very busy man. Then I would explain to him the real purpose of my letter. I would tell him
how wonderful he looked with the shadow that I had seen across his photograph, and I would most
carefully suggest that he grow whiskers.
(3) Four months later when I met him at the train station near my home in Westfield, New York, he was
wearing a full beard. He was so much taller than I had imagined from my tiny photograph.
(4) “Ladies and gentlemen,” he said, “I have no speech to make and no time to make it in. I appear before
you that I may see you and that you may see me.” Then he picked me right up and kissed me on both
cheeks. The whiskers scratched. “Do you think I look better, my little friend?” he asked me.
(5) My name is Grace Bedell, and the man in the photograph was Abraham Lincoln.
Question 58: What is the author’s main purpose in the passage?
A. To explain how Grace Bedell took a photograph of Abraham Lincoln

B. To explain why Abraham Lincoln wore a beard


C. To explain why the first photographs were significant in American life
D. To explain why Westfield is an important city
Question 59: The word “fascinated” in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by
A. Interested

B. frightened

C. confused

D. disgusted

C. had a round, fat face

D. looked kind

Question 60: The man in the photograph
A. was smiling

B. had a beard

Question 61: What did Grace Bedell do every night before she went to sleep?
A. She wrote letters.

B. She looked at the photograph.

B. She made shadow figures on the wall.

D. She read stories.

Question 62: The little girl could not sleep because she was
A. Sick

B. excited

C. lonely

D. sad

C. Photograph

D. Station

Question 63: The word “it” in paragraph 4 refers to
A. Time

B. Speech

Question 64: From this passage, it may be inferred that
A. Grace Bedell was the only one at the train station when Lincoln stopped at Westfield
B. There were many people waiting for Lincoln to arrive on the train
C. Lincoln made a long speech at the station in Westfield
D. Lincoln was offended by the letter
Question 65: Why did the author wait until the last line to reveal the identity of the man in the
photograph?
A. The author did not know it.
B. The author wanted to make the reader fell foolish.
C. The author wanted to build the interest and curiosity of the reader.

D. The author was just a little girl.
( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 5)
Exercise 11: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
(1) Colors are one of the most exciting experiences in life. I love them, and they are just as
important to me as emotions are. Have you ever wondered how the two are so intimately related?
(2) Color directly affects your emotions. Color both reflects the current state of your emotions, and
is something that you can use to improve or change your emotions. The color that you choose to wear
either reflects your current state of being, or reflects the color or emotion that you need.
(3) The colors that you wear affect you much more than they affect the people around you. Of
course they also affect anyone who comes in contract with you, but you are the one saturated with the


color all day! I even choose items around me based on their color. In the morning, I choose my clothes
based on the color or emotion that I need for the day. So you can consciously use color to control the
emotions that you are exposed to, which can help you to feel better.
(4) Color, sound, and emotions are all vibrations. Emotions are literally energy in motion; they are
meant to move and flow. This is the reason that real feelings are the fastest way to get your energy in
motion. Also, flowing energy is exactly what creates healthy cells in your body. So, the fastest want to be
healthy is to be open to your real feelings. Alternately, the fastest way to create disease is to inhibit your
emotions.
Question 66: What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Colors are one of the most exciting.
B. Colors can help you become healthy.
C. Emotions and colors are closely related to each other.
D. Colorful clothes can change your mood.
Question 67: Which of the following can be affected by color?
A. your appetite

B. your mood

C. your friend's feelings

D. Your need for thrills

Question 68: According to the passage, what do color, sound, and emotion all have in common?
A. They are all vibrations.

B. They all affect the cells of the body.

C. They are all related to health.

D. They are all forms of motion.

Question 69: According to this passage, what creates disease?
A. Being open to your emotions

B. Wearing the color black

C. Exposing yourself to bright colors

D. Ignoring your emotions

Question 70: The term "intimately" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. clearly

B. obviously

C. closely

D. simply

( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 6)
Exercise 12:Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
(1) In the West, cartoons are used chiefly to make people laugh. The important feature of all these
cartoons is the joke and the element of surprise which is contained. Even though it is very funny, a good
cartoon is always based on close observation of a particular feature of life and usually has a serious
purpose.
(2) Cartoons in the West have been associated with political and social matters for many years. In
wartime, for example, they proved to be an excellent way of spreading propaganda. Nowadays cartoons


are often used to make short, sharp comments on politics and governments as well as on a variety of
social matters. In this way, the modern cartoon has become a very powerful force in influencing people in
Europe and the United States.
(3) Unlike most American and European cartoons, however, many Chinese cartoon drawings in the
past have also attempted to educate people, especially those who could not read and write. Such cartoons
about the lives and sayings of great men in China have proved extremely useful in bringing education to
illiterate and semi-literate people throughout China. Confucius, Mencius and Laozi have all appeared in
very interesting stories presented in the form of cartoons. The cartoons themselves have thus served to
illustrate the teachings of the Chinese sages in a very attractive way.
(4) In this sense, many Chinese cartoons are different from Western cartoons in so far as they do not
depend chiefly on telling jokes. Often, there is nothing to laugh at when you see Chinese cartoons. This is
not their primary aim. In addition to commenting on serious political and social matters, Chinese cartoons
have aimed at spreading the traditional Chinese thoughts and culture as widely as possible among the
people.
(5) Today, however, Chinese cartoons have an added part to play in spreading knowledge. They
offer a very attractive and useful way of reaching people throughout the world, regardless of the particular
country in which they live. Thus, through cartoons, the thoughts and teachings of the old Chinese

philosophers and sages can now reach people who live in such countries as Britain, France, America,
Japan, Malaysia or Australia and who are unfamiliar with the Chinese culture.
(6) Until recently, the transfer of knowledge and culture has been overwhelmingly from the West to
the East and not vice versa. By means of cartoons, however, publishing companies in Taiwan, Hong
Kong and Singapore are now having success in correcting this imbalance between the East and the West.
(7) Cartoons can overcome language barriers in all foreign countries. The vast increase in the
popularity of these cartoons serves to illustrate the truth of Confucius’s famous saying “One picture is
worth a thousand words.”
Question 71: Which of the following clearly characterizes Western cartoons?
A. Humor, unexpectedness, and criticism.

B. Seriousness, propaganda, and attractiveness.

C. Enjoyment, liveliness, and carefulness.

D. Originality, freshness, and astonishment.

Question 72: Chinese cartoons have been useful as an important means of ______.
A. political propaganda in wartime

B. spreading Western ideas

C. amusing people all the time

D. educating ordinary people

Question 73: The major differences between Chinese cartoons and Western cartoons come from their __.
A. purposes

B. styles

C. values

Question 74: The pronoun “this” in paragraph 4 mostly refers to ______.

D. nationalities


A. a piece of art

B. an educational purpose

C. a funny element

D. a propaganda campaign

Question 75: Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A. A Very Powerful Force in Influencing People
B. Chinese Cartoons and Western Cartoons
C. Cartoons as a Way of Educating People
D.An Excellent Way of Spreading Propaganda
Question 76: The word “imbalance” in paragraph 6 refers to ______.
A. the dominant cultural influence of the West over the East
B. the discrimination between the West culture and the East culture
C. the influence of the East cartoons over the West cartoons
D. the mismatch between the East cartoons and the West cartoons
Question 77: Which of the following is most likely the traditional subject of Chinese cartoons?
A. The stories and features of the lives of great men the world over.
B. The illiterate and semi-literate people throughout China.
C. Jokes and other kinds of humor in political and social matters.

D. The philosophies and sayings of ancient Chinese thinkers.
Question 78: According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A. Cartoons will replace other forms of writing.

B. Western cartoons always have a serious purpose.

C. Cartoons can serve various purposes.

D. Language barriers restricted cartoons.

( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 6)
Exercise 13: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
(1) The ocean bottom - a region nearly 2.5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth - is a
vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted. Until about a century ago, the
deepocean floor was completely inaccessible, hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,600 meters deep.
Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth's
surface, the deep-ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and
remote as the void of outer space.
(2) Although researchers have taken samples of deep-ocean rocks and sediments for over a century,
the first detailed global investigation of the ocean bottom did not actually start until 1968, with the
beginning of the National Science Foundation's Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP). Using techniques first
developed for the offshore oil and gas industry, the DSDP's drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to


maintain a steady position on the ocean's surface and drill in very deep waters, extracting samples of
sediments and rock from the ocean floor.
(3) The Glomar Challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15-year research program that ended in
November 1983. During this time, the vessel logged 600,000 kilometers and took almost 20,000 core
samples of seabed sediments and rocks at 624 drilling sites around the world. The Glomar Challenger's

core samples have allowed geologists to reconstruct what the planet looked like hundreds of millions of
years ago and to calculate what it will probably look like millions of years in the future. Today, largely on
the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger's voyages, nearly all earth scientists
agree on the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes
that shape the Earth.
(4) The cores of sediment drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also yielded information critical to
understanding the world's past climates. Deep-ocean sediments provide a climatic record stretching back
hundreds of millions of years, because they are largely isolated from the mechanical erosion and the
intense chemical and biological activity that rapidly destroy much land-based evidence of past climates.
This record has already provided insights into the patterns and causes of past climatic change information that may be used to predict future climates.
Question 79: The author refers to the ocean bottom as a "frontier" because it______.
A. is not a popular area for scientific research

B. contains a wide variety of life forms

C. attracts courageous explorers

D. is an unknown territory

Question 80: The word "inaccessible" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to______.
A. unrecognizable

B. unreachable

C. unusable

D. unsafe

Question 81: Which of the following is NOT true of the Glomar Challenger?
A. It is a type of submarine.

B. It is an ongoing project.

C. It has gone on nearly 100 voyages.

D. It made its first DSDP voyage in 1968.

Question 82: The deep Sea Drilling Project was significant because it was______.
A. an attempt to find new sources of oil and gas
B. the first extensive exploration of the ocean bottom
C. composed of geologists form all over the world
D. funded entirely by the gas and oil industry
Question 83: The word "strength" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to______.
A. basis

B. purpose

C. discovery

D. endurance

( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 7)
Exercise 14:Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.


(1) After the Anasazi abandoned southwestern Colorado in the late 1200s or early 1300s, history’s
pages are blank. The Anasazi were masons and apartment builders who occupied the deserts, river
valleys, and mesas of this region for over a thousand years, building structures that have weathered the
test of time.

(2) The first Europeans to visit southwestern Colorado were the ever-restless, ambitious Spanish,
who sought gold, pelts, and slaves. In 1765, under orders from the Spanish governor in Santa Fe, Juan
Maria Antonio Rivera led a prospecting and trading party into the region. Near the Dolores River in
southwestern Colorado, he found some insignificant silver-bearing rocks, and it is thought that it was he
who named the mountains nearby the Sierra de la Plata or the Silver Mountains. Rivera found little of
commercial value that would interest his superiors in Santa Fe, but he did open up a route that would soon
lead to the establishment of the Old Spanish Trail. This expedition and others to follow left names on the
land which are only reminders we have today that the Spanish once explored this region.
(3) In 1776, one of the men who had accompanied Rivera, Andre Muniz, acted as a guide for
another expedition. That party entered southwestern Colorado in search of a route west to California,
traveling near today’s towns of Durango and Dolores. Along the way, they camped at the base of a large
green mesa which today carries the name Mesa Verde. They were the first Europeans to record the
discovery of an Anasazi archeological site in southwestern Colorado.
(4) By the early 1800s, American mountain men and trappers were exploring the area in their quest
for beaver pelts. Men like Peg-leg Smith were outfitted with supplies in the crossroads trapping town of
Taos, New Mexico. These adventurous American trappers were a tough bunch. They, possibly more than
any other newcomers, penetrated deeply into the mountain fastness of southwestern Colorado, bringing
back valuable information about the area and discovering new routes through the mountains. One of the
trappers, William Becknell, the father of the Santa Fe Trail, camped in the area of Mesa Verde, where he
found pottery shards, stone houses, and other Anasazi remains.
Question 84: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The Spanish influence in Colorado.

B. The history of the Anasazi in Colorado.

C. Early exploration of Colorado.

D. Economic exploitation of Colorado.

Question 85: The phrase “the region” in paragraph 2 refers to ______.

A. Sierra de la Plata

B. Santa Fe

C. southwestern Colorado

D. New Mexico

Question 86: It can be concluded from the lines 10-11 that ______.
A. many places have Spanish names.
B. Rivera’s expedition was unsuccessful.
C. not much is known of the Spanish exploration of the region.


D. the Spanish culture quickly overtook the native culture.
Question 87: The purpose of the expedition of 1776 was______.
A. to look for a way to reach California

B. to study the archaeology of the region

C. to look for silver in the mountains

D. to build the towns of Durango and Dolores

Question 88: In paragraph 4, the author suggests that______.
A. American trappers traded with the Spanish
B. mountain men and trappers survived in harsh conditions
C. Peg-leg Smith owned a trading post in New Mexico
D. beaver pelts were becoming scarce in Colorado in the 1800s
Question 89: Which of the following is most likely true about William Becknell?

A. He collected Anasazi pottery.

B. He was well-educated about the Anasazi culture.

C. He built the Santa Fe Trail.

D. He was wealthy from selling beaver pelts.

Question 90: Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?
A. A comparison of Spanish and American expeditions.
B. A description of southwestern Colorado.
C. An illustration of archaeological discovery.
D. A historical account of southwestern Colorado.
Question 91: Which of the following sentences should NOT be included in a summary of this passage?
A. The discovery of gold and silver changed Colorado history.
B. The Anasazi were early inhabitants of Colorado.
C. The Spanish were the first Europeans to explore Colorado.
D. Economic interests influenced the exploration of Colorado.
( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 7)
Exercise 15: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
(1) Though Edmund Halley was most famous because of his achievements as an astronomer, he was
a scientist of diverse interests and great skill. In addition to studying the skies, Halley was also deeply
interested in exploring the unknown depths of the oceans. One of his lesser-known accomplishments that
were quite remarkable was his design for a diving bell that facilitated exploration of the watery depths.
(2) The diving bell that Halley designed had a major advantage over the diving bells that were in
use prior to his. Earlier diving bells could only make use of the air contained within the bell itself, so
divers had to surface when the air inside the bell ran low. Halley’s bell was an improvement in that its

design allowed for an additional supply of fresh air that enabled a crew of divers to remain underwater for
several hours.
(3) The diving contraption that Halley designed was in the shape of a bell that measured three feet
across the top and five feet across the bottom and could hold several divers comfortably; it was open at
the bottom so that divers could swim in and out at will. The bell was built of wood, which was first
heavily tarred to make it water repellent and was then covered with a half-ton sheet of lead to make the
bell heavy enough to sink in water. The bell shape held air inside for the divers to breathe as the bell sank
to the bottom.
(4) The air inside the bell was not the only source of air for the divers to breathe, and it was this
improvement that made Halley’s bell superior to its predecessors. In addition to the air already in the bell,
air was also supplied to the divers from a lead barrel that was lowered to the ocean floor close to the bell
itself. Air flowed through a leather pipe from the lead barrel on the ocean floor to the bell. The diver
could breathe the air from a position inside the bell, or he could move around outside the bell wearing a
diving suit that consisted of a lead bell-shaped helmet with a glass viewing window and a leather body
suit, with a leather pipe carrying fresh air from the diving bell to the helmet.
Question 92: The subject of the preceding passage was most likely Halley’s _____.
A. childhood

B. work as an astronomer

C. invention of the diving bell

D. many different interests

Question 93: Halley’s bell was better than its predecessors because it _____.
A. was bigger

B. provided more air

C. weighed less

D. could rise more quickly

Question 94: How long could divers stay underwater in Halley’s bell?
A. Just a few seconds

B. Only a few minutes

C. For days on end

D. For hours at a time

Question95: It is NOT stated in the passage that Halley’s bell _____.
A. was completely enclosed

B. was wider at the top than at the bottom

C. could hold more than one diver

D. was made of tarred wood

Question 96: The expression “at will” in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by
A. in the future

B. upside down

C. as they wanted

D. with great speed

( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 8)
Exercise 16:Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
(1) As the twentieth century began, the importance of formal education in the United States
increased. The frontier had mostly disappeared and by 1910 most Americans lived in towns and cities.
Industrialization and the bureaucratization of economic life combined with a new emphasis upon


credentials and expertise to make schooling increasingly important for economic and social mobility.
Increasingly, too, schools were viewed as the most important means of integrating immigrants into
American society.
(2) The arrival of a great wave of southern and eastern European immigrants at the turn of the
century coincided with and contributed to an enormous expansion of formal schooling. By 1920
schooling to age fourteen or beyond was compulsory in most states, and the school year was greatly
lengthened. Kindergartens, vacation schools, extracurricular activities, and vocational education and
counseling extended the influence of public schools over the lives of students, many of whom in the
larger industrial cities were the children of immigrants. Classes for adult immigrants were sponsored by
public schools, corporations, unions, churches, settlement houses, and other agencies.
(3) Reformers early in the twentieth century suggested that education programs should suit the
needs of specific populations. Immigrant women were once such population. Schools tried to educate
young women so they could occupy productive places in the urban industrial economy, and one place
many educators considered appropriate for women was the home.
(4) Although looking after the house and family was familiar to immigrant women, American
education gave homemaking a new definition. In preindustrial economies, homemaking had meant the
production as well as the consumption of goods, and it commonly included income-producing activities
both inside and outside the home, in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States,
however, overproduction rather than scarcity was becoming a problem. Thus, the ideal American
homemaker was viewed as a consumer rather than a producer. Schools trained women to be consumer
homemakers cooking, shopping, decorating, and caring for children "efficiently" in their own homes, or if
economic necessity demanded, as employees in the homes of others. Subsequent reforms have made these

notions seem quite out-of-date.
Question 97: The paragraph preceding the passage probably discusses _____.
A. the industrialization and the bureaucratization of economic life the United States in the nineteen
century
B. the formal schooling in the United States in the nineteen century
C. the urbanization in the United States in the nineteen century
D. the most important means of integrating immigrants into American society in the nineteen century
Question 98: It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that one important factor in the increasing importance
of education in the United States was _____.
A. the expanding economic problems of schools
B. the growing number of schools in frontier communities
C. an increase in the number of trained teachers


D. the increased urbanization of the entire country
Question 99: The phrase "coincided with" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. happened at the same time as

B. ensured the success of

C. was influenced by

D. began to grow rapidly

Question 100: According to the passage, one important change in United States education by the 1920's
was that _____.
A. the amount of time spent on formal education was limited
B. new regulations were imposed on nontraditional education
C. adults and children studied in the same classes
D. most places required children to attend school

Question 101: According to the passage, early-twentieth century education reformers believed that
_____.
A. special programs should be set up in frontier communities to modernize them
B. corporations and other organizations damaged educational progress
C. different groups needed different kinds of education
D. more women should be involved in education and industry
Question 102: The word "it" in line 19 refers to _____.
A. education

B. consumption

C. production

D. homemaking

Question 103: Women were trained to be consumer homemakers as a result of _____.
A. scarcity in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States
B. economic necessity in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States
C. income-producing activities in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States
D. overproduction in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States
Question 104: Which paragraph mentions the importance of abilities and experience in formal schooling?
A. Paragraph 2

B. Paragraph 4

C. Paragraph 1

D. Paragraph 3

( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 8)

Exercise 17: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York city. For a long time, it has been
the newspaper of record in the United States and one of the world’s great newspapers. Its strength is in its
editorial excellence; it has never been the largest newspaper in terms of circulation.
The Times was established in 1851 as a penny paper whose editors wanted to report the news in a
restrained and objective fashion. It enjoyed early success as its editors set a pattern for the future by


appealing to a cultured, intellectual readership instead of a mass audience. However, in the late nineteenth
century, it came into competition with more popular, colorful, if not lurid, newspapers in New York City.
Despite price increases, the Times was losing $1,000 a week when Adolph Simon Ochs bought it in 1896.
Ochs built the Times into an internationally respected daily. He hired Carr Van Anda as editor. Van
Anda placed greater stress than ever on full reporting of the news of the day, and his reporters maintained
and emphasized existing good coverage of international news. The management of the paper decided to
eliminate fiction from the paper, added a Sunday magazine section, and reduced the paper’s price back to
a penny. In April 1912, the paper took many risks to report every aspect of the sinking of the Titanic. This
greatly enhanced its prestige, and in its coverage of two world wars, the Times continued to enhance its
reputation for excellence in world news.
In 1971, the Times was given a copy of the so–called “Pentagon Papers,” a secret government study
of U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. When it published the report, it became involved in several
awsuits. The U.S. Supreme Court found that the publication was protected by the freedom–of–thepress
clause in the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. Later in the 1970s, the paper, under Adolph
Ochs’s grandson, Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, introduced sweeping changes in the organization of the
newspaper and its staff and brought out a national edition transmitted by satellite to regional printing
plants.
Question 105: What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The New York Times publishes the best fiction by American writers.
B. The New York Times became highly respected throughout the world.
C. The New York Times broadcasts its news to TV stations via satellite.

D. The New York Times lost its prestige after the Vietnam War.
Question 106: It can be inferred from the passage that the circulation of the New York Times is _____.
A. not the best in the world

B. the smallest in the world

C. the worst in the world

D. not the largest in the world

Question107: Which phrase is closest in meaning to the word “restrained” in paragraph 2?
A. Put in prison

B. With self–control

C. Without education

D. In handcuffs

Question 108: What word or phrase does the word “his” as used in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Van Anda

B. Reporters

C. News of the day

D. International news

Question 109: To improve its circulation, the management of the Times did all of the following
EXCEPT_.

A. emphasized good coverage of international news
B. increased the number of lurid stories, even if they were not true
C. added a Sunday magazine section


D. eliminated fiction from the paper
( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 9)
Exercise 18: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
The ideas of John Dewey, philosopher and educator, have influenced American thought for over
one hundred years. Dewey was born in Vermont in 1859, and throughout his life, he kept the respect for
experience, individuality, and fair play that shaped the character of the nineteenth–century Vermonter. He
viewed his own life as a continuously reconstructive process–with experience and knowledge building to
each other.
By the 1930s, Dewey had simplified his theory of experience to its essence. As the intellectual
leader of the progressive schools, he asserted that there was danger in rejecting the old unless the new was
rooted in a correct idea of experience. He held that experience is an interaction between what a person
already knows and the situation at hand. Previous knowledge interacting with the present environment
influences future experience.
Dewey believed that experience could not be equated with education because all experiences are not
necessarily educative. Experience is educative only when it contributes to the growth of the individual,
but it can be miseducative if it distorts the growth of future experience. It is the quality of experience that
matters. Thus, productive experience is both the means and the goal of education. Furthermore, since
education is a social process, truly progressive education involves the participation of the learner in
directing the learning experience.
During his long life, Dewey lectured and published prolifically. These writings were influential
both during his lifetime and after his death at the age of ninety–two. He viewed his whole life as an
experiment which would produce knowledge that would lead to the further experimentation. The range
and diversity of Dewey’s writings and his influence on society place him among American’s great
thinkers.

Question 110: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. John Dewey’s theory of experience.

B. The educational methods of John Dewey.

C. John Dewey’s professional growth.

D. The progressive movement in education.

Question 111: The author implies that Dewey’s Vermont background _____.
A. provided him with an excellent education
B. limited the types of experiences he had as a child
C. inspired him to become a philosopher
D. contributed to his philosophy of experience