Quản lý nhà nước về phát triển kinh tế biển các tỉnh bắc trung bộ việt nam tt tiếng anh

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING
THUONG MAI UNIVERSITY
-------------------------

NGUYEN THI THANH HUYEN

STATE MANAGEMENT ON MARINE
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE NORTH
CENTRAL PROVINCES OF VIETNAM

Major: Economic management
Code: 62.34.04.10

SUMMARY OF ECONOMIC DOCTORAL THESIS

Ha Noi- 2019


The thesis is completed at Thuong Mai University
Academic supervisor:
Supervisor 1: PhD. Pham Xuan Hau
Supervisor 2: Assoc. Prof., PhD. Hoang Xuan Thanh

Refree 1:
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Refree 2:
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Refree 3:
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The thesis will be defended in front of the university’s of
thesis evaluation committee at:………………………………

The thesis can be found at: - National Library
- Thuong Mai University’s Library


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INTRODUCTION
1. The urgency of the dissertation’s theme
Sea and islands are a sacred territory, strategically located, playing an
important role in the construction and defense of the country. Our Party and
State pay special attention to the protection and management to develop the
economy of the sea and islands. After 10 years of implementing the 4 th X
Central Resolution on Vietnam Marine Strategy to 2020, the awareness of the
entire political system, people and people abroad about the position and role of
the sea and islands for economic development, national sovereignty protection
has been significantly improved. Sovereignty and national security on the sea
are maintained; basic maritime search and rescue work is guaranteed; Foreign
affairs and international cooperation on sea are actively and comprehensively
implemented. Marine economy, coastal areas and coastal areas are becoming the
driving force of the country; infrastructure system is interested in investing; The
material and spiritual life of the coastal people improved. Scientific research,
basic surveys, development of marine human resources have achieved many
positive results. The management, exploitation, use, protection of marine
environment resources, response to climate change and sea level rise are
focused. The system of policies, laws, state management apparatus on sea and
islands has been gradually improved and brought into effect and efficiency.

In the new context of the situation of countries in the region, the marine
economy is influenced by external factors, the influence of the countries related
to the sea. Therefore, in order to develop the sea economy, state management
must be considered as the most important factor, pioneering to support and
promote other factors to participate in marine economic development. Therefore,
the task of state management on marine economic development is a strategic
task in developing marine economy in particular and economic development in
general.
State management on marine economic development is an indispensable
element at the national level and in localities, especially in coastal areas. North
Central region includes 6 coastal provinces: Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang
Binh, Quang Tri and Thua Thien Hue. With a length of over 670 km of coastline,
abundant natural resources for socio-economic development of the region, notably
the advantages of geographical location, mineral resources and human resources.


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The sea has brought great advantages to the North Central region from the
development of maritime economy, marine exploitation, marine tourism and
development of coastal economic zones. The marine economy always accounts for
a large proportion in the economic development of the Region.
From the theoretical issues, practical state management on marine
economic development that the provinces have achieved, the shortcomings still
exist to find suitable solutions to improve state management on distribution. To
develop marine economy in the North Central provinces, thereby boosting the
marine economy to develop. This requires scientific research, understanding the
state management model on marine economic development in the provinces, the
content of state management decentralization on marine economic development
for The provincial government clarifies the strengths to promote and weaken to

overcome, thereby rationalizing the solutions to build and perfect the state
management of marine economy in the North Central Vietnam provinces, in
order to contributing to the development of the marine economy for a sea-rich
area. From the above reasons, the candidate selected the topic "State
management on marine economic development in the North Central provinces
of Vietnam" as a doctoral thesis topic.
2. Overview of works relating to the thesis
2.1. Research on marine economic development in general
2.2. State management research on marine economic development
2.3. Research on state management of marine economic development in
some localities and regions
2.4. Conclusion and research gaps
Through an overview of some published research works related to the
thesis topic, some following conclusions can be summarized:
Firstly, the above projects have systematized the concepts related to
"marine economy" such as: the concept of marine economy, marine economic
development, the content of marine economic development of an area.
(including policies to develop the marine economy, the fields of marine
economic development, the criteria for evaluating marine economic
development and the factors affecting the marine economy). In this topic, PhD
students will inherit the research results to build a theoretical basis for the thesis.
Secondly, the studies have evaluated some outstanding issues as follows:
issues of marine economic development policies, issues of development of


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marine industries and issues related to fishermen and communities. At the
seaside.
Thirdly, the North Central Coast region consists of 6 coastal provinces

and has strategic geographic advantages, both uniqueness of natural conditions
and natural resources, and coastal areas to ensure the maritime economy here.
sustainable growth and blue growth. However, so far the position and potential
of the North Central region have not been exploited and used effectively and
sustainably, not commensurate with the inherent advantages.
Recently, there have been many studies on marine economic development
in general, but often mentioned separately a specific province such as marine
economic development in Thanh Hoa, marine economic development in Nghe
An, or refers to a specialized field such as central coastal coastal tourism, or a
topic on coastal aquaculture; lack of overall complexity - management, planning
or strategy of marine economic development under interdisciplinary, interregional and inter-level views for the whole North Central region. However, the
results of this study have provided some data, suggesting scientific ideas and
approaches for studies that clarify the scientific arguments of the proposed
solutions to developing an sustainable marine economy for the region. Through
the presentation of the research projects published in Vietnam and abroad, the
thesis "State management on marine economic development in the North
Central provinces of Vietnam" is considered a new research and the purpose and
scope of research are not duplicated and meaningful in theory and practice.
3. Research objectives and tasks of the dissertation
- The purpose of the thesis research: On the basis of theoretical research
on state management of marine economic development, survey, analysis and
assessment of the state management of marine economic development in the
Northern provinces In the Central Region, the thesis proposes some solutions
and recommendations to improve the state management of marine economic
development of the North Central Region provinces in the time to 2025 and the
following years.
- Research tasks:
+ To systematize a number of theoretical bases on provincial-level state
management for marine economic development.
+ Assessing the status of provincial state management for marine

economic development in the North Central Vietnam provinces, thereby drawing


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assessments on their advantages, limitations and causes and this is the basis for
proposals and recommendations to improve the state management of marine
economic development in the Northern Central Region provinces.
+ Proposing a number of solutions and proposing to improve the state
management at the provincial level for marine economic development in the
North Central Vietnam provinces in the time to 2025 and the followwing years.
4. Object and research scope
- The research object of the thesis is theoretical and practical issues on the
state management at the provincial level for marine economic development.
- Research scope:
+ About the content: The topic approaches the state management on
marine economic development in a locality
+ Research space: coastal and coastal areas of 6 provinces: Thanh Hoa,
Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Thua Thien Hue.
+ About time: Information and data for research were collected from 2013
to 2017. The solutions were applied to the time until 2025 and the following
years.
5. Expected research outcomes
- To systematize the theoretical basis of state management of marine
economic development in terms of policies associated with the characteristics
and practical conditions of localities in the economic region.
- Clarify the strengths and weaknesses of the current status of marine
economic development policies in the North Central Region region and point
out the causes of such limitations.
- Proposing orientations and solutions to complete the state management

of marine economic development in the North Central region to 2025 and
subsequent years.
6. Research methods
The main approach is from the action of provincial governments based on
policies to develop marine economy. Analytical framework based on the theory
of state management of marine economic development.
Regarding data collection methods: including secondary data and primary
data. Secondary data are legal documents, decrees of the Government and the
State and documents such as statistical reports, provincial reports ... Primary


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data surveyed from 200 enterprises in three areas are fisheries, tourism and sea
transport and 100 state management officials on marine economic development.
About data processing methods: Methods of analysis - comparison based
on official data of the agencies of the provinces, research results shown in the
published scientific works to compare results and situation State management of
marine economy in the North Central region in different periods, comparing
state management of marine economy in the North Central region with other
regions in the country. With the number of votes collected after the survey, the
author synthesizes the results by excel.
CHAPTER 1
THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL BASES FOR STATE
MANAGEMENT ON MARINE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE
PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT
1.1. Introduction to marine economic and state management on marine
economic development
1.1.1. Concept, characteristics, role and scope of marine economy
1.1.1.1. Definition of marine economic

Marine economy is a practical concept, including economic activities
taking place on the sea and activities taking place on land but directly related to
marine resource exploitation and use.
1.1.1.2. Definition of marine economic development
Marine economic development is a growth in all areas of that region, it
includes the economic growth of sectors (sectors) in the marine economy and at
the same time the structural, physical quality, environmental quality and
sustainable development of the region.
1.1.1.3. Marine economic characteristics
First, production activities are always associated with exploitation of
marine resources
Secondly, production activities in the marine economy depend on natural
conditions, the biological cycle and the location of the maritime space.
Third, production activities in the marine economy have uncertainty and
high risks. This feature is an inherent feature of the sea. People cannot conquer
the sea and other natural conditions. Therefore, marine activities always have
certain risks that cannot be predicted.


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Fourth, marine economy is associated with environmental protection and
marine resources. The different components of the sea are closely linked.
Therefore, when marine ecological damage occurs, it is possible to cause a rapid
impact chain and cause large-scale consequences.
Fifth, marine economy is associated with national territorial sovereignty.
The 1982 Law of the Sea Convention comprehensively defined the legal status
of sovereignty waters and the sovereignty rights of coastal states with waters
such as internal waters, territorial waters, exclusive economic zones and shelf.
1.1.1.4. Roles of the marine economy

Marine economy is an important part of the economic structure of the
national economy, a driving force for socio-economic development of the
locality and the nation; Marine economic development will manage, exploit, use
and protect marine environmental resources; Marine economy creates stable
jobs, improves living standards for people in coastal areas; Marine economic
management contributes to ensuring national security and maintaining national
sovereignty.
1.1.1.5. Scopes of the marine economy
In marine economy studies, the scope of marine economic sectors varies
considerably between countries. The number of selected industries can range
from 6 in the United States to 33 in Japan. Some sectors may not be included in
the maritime economic category in this country, but in other countries it is
considered a sector of the marine economy. Furthermore, there are significant
differences between countries in the use of categories and categories. So far,
there is no agreement on the definition and statistical terms for the activities on
the sea in the world.
1.1.2. Concepts, characteristics, roles and principles of state
management on marine economic development
1.1.2.1. Definition of state management on marine economic development
State management of marine economy is the activity of managing marine
resources and economic activities decentralized by many law enforcement
agencies. This will ensure that marine economic activities take place in
accordance with the law and bring maximum benefits to local and national.
1.1.2.2. The characteristics of state management on marine economic
development


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Firstly, state management of marine economy is associated with

exploitation and protection of marine resources.
Second, production activities in marine economic sectors depend on
natural conditions, biological cycles and location of the maritime space.
Thirdly, the marine economy has uncertainty and high risk that leads to
more complicated state management
Fourth, the sea is associated with the country's foreign policy, especially in
terms of cooperation and competition in exploiting benefits from the common sea.
1.1.2.3. The role of state management on marine economic development
Create a favorable legal framework and environment for the marine
economy to develop; Management for sustainable exploitation of marine
resources; Promote the development of marine economic sectors; Contribute to
national territory protection.
1.1.2.4. Principles of state management of marine economic development
at the provincial level
1.2. Contents of state management on marine economic development
in a province
1.2.1. Developing strategies, planning and plans for marine economic
development in the area.
Planning and monitoring the implementation of the provincial plan on
marine economy. Participating with ministries in zoning areas to develop marine
economic sectors; build programs and projects of the industry in the province;
organize and check the implementation of the tasks under the assigned project
program. The People's Committee develops a plan to implement the marine
socio-economic development program until 2025, issues a decision approving
the socio-economic development master plan for the coastal area in the period to
2030, vision to year 2035.
1.2.2. Organizational structure and human resources in a province on
marine economy
The Government unified state management of marine economy
throughout the country. Ministries, People's Committees of provinces and cities

must implement state management of marine economy within their scope. The
provincial marine economic management is managed by the provincial people's
committee. The People's Committee assigns departments: resources environment, agriculture - rural development, transport, construction ...


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management by sector related to marine economy. Another agency is responsible
for general and integrated management of the sea and islands called the sea and
island branches. This department is responsible for advising the People's
Committee on issues related to the sea and islands.
1.2.4. Develop and organize the implementation of marine economic
development policies in the province
Propagating the Party's policy, the laws, policies of the Government on
state management for marine economic development.
Concretize the Party's views on the Marine Strategy to 2020 under the
Central Resolution 4 (Term X); Decree No. 36 / NQ-TW of the Central
Executive Committee 8 (XII course) on Vietnam's marine economic
development strategy to 2030, vision to 2045. Focus on developing sectors with
strengths: seaports, tourism , service; aquaculture and fishing; coastal economic
zone.
To manage the marine economy, well exploit and effectively use the
central support mechanisms for investment in developing marine economic
infrastructure such as industrial land, water supply and drainage systems,
electricity, roads, schools and stations in coastal localities.
Researching and applying investment incentive mechanisms in localities.
Developing high quality human resources to serve the province's marine
economic management. To attach importance to raising the quality of vocational
training along the direction of achieving qualifications and quickly integrating
into the international level.

1.2.5. Inspect, supervise and handle disputes in the marine economy
Inspection, control, supervision, prevention and treatment of pollution,
marine environmental incidents through the construction of monitoring,
monitoring and coordination systems with coastal localities, detection, warning
and communication timely report on unusual developments of nature and marine
environmental incidents, activities causing environmental degradation to
promptly prevent and handle.
Monitor and inspect the implementation of approved programs and
projects; supervise and evaluate the effectiveness of the use of development
investment capital of investment programs and projects in the assigned areas and
coordinate with the departments in reporting the investment supervision and


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evaluation to the Provincial People's Committee and Ministry of Planning and
Investment according to regulations.
1.3. Factors affecting state management on marine economic development
at provincial level
1.4. Experience in state management of marine economic development of
some provinces and experiences for North Central Provinces
Compared to the North Coast and South Central Coast regions, the North
Central Coast provinces have more natural conditions as well as more different
socio-economic conditions, affecting the region's marine economic
development. So:
First, there should be a master planning strategy for the whole region, a
strategy that the region can truly develop thanks to the advantages of the sea,
turning "weak" into advantages, combining taking advantage of existing
advantages to quickly turn into the interests of the Region.
Secondly, conservation and development must be the main axis in the

long-term marine economic development strategy with priority to develop
conservation-based economic sectors such as recreational fisheries, marine
ornamental fish farming and export. , marine eco-tourism.
Finally, in order to develop the marine economy in the North Central
Region towards sustainability, the provinces and the whole region need to follow
the following basic principles: 1) Effective implementation of integrated,
advanced state management to unify the state management of the sea and
islands; 2) Reasonable and economical use of marine, coastal and island
resources; 3) Minimize degradation and pollution of marine, coastal and island
environments, especially from land sources; 4) Law enforcement and effective
control of coastal and marine environments; 5) Strengthen activities of
monitoring - warning of marine and coastal environment; 6) Applying economic
and planning tools, especially marine spatial planning to reorganize the marine
economic territory in the Ecosystem-based Area; 7) Associate marine economic
development with security and defense in the new situation; and 8) Enhance
stakeholder consultation to "screen for investment" effectively and promote
propaganda on island waters, on a green and sustainable marine economy.


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CHAPTER 2
CURRENT SITUATION OF STATE MANAGEMENT ON MARINE
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE NORTH CENTRAL PROVINCES OF
VIETNAM
2.1. Overview of the socio-economic situation and marine economic
development in the North Central provinces
2.1.1. The socio-economic situation of the North Central provinces
In recent years, the provinces in the North Central region have made great
progress, from a poor area of Vietnam to one of the key economic regions of the

country. Although facing some negative impacts from the domestic and
international development context such as global economic decline, limited state
budget, climate change, environmental disasters, but The provinces in the North
Central region have focused efforts to attract foreign investment, upgrade the
infrastructure system and solve difficulties for farmers and business community,
thereby achieving positive results. in the fields of agriculture, industry, trade and
services.
Provinces also made positive contributions to the construction and
development of the North Central region with the policy of economic
restructuring and transforming themselves into a driving force for economic
growth of the Region. Socio-cultural fields are also interested in doing well.
Defense is strengthened and strengthened; pay attention to national rights and
borders; foreign affairs are expanded; increase quality.
2.1.2. Results of marine economic development of the North Central
provinces
2.1.2.1. Regarding the development of sea tourism in the North Central
provinces
2.1.2.2. Development of fishery and aquaculture in the North Central
provinces
2.1.2.3. About the development of coastal economic zones in the North
Central Provinces of Vietnam
2.2. Analysis of the state management of marine economic
development in the North Central provinces
2.2.1. Current situation of developing strategies, plans and plans for
marine economic development in the provinces of BTB


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In recent years, all localities have oriented to develop urban areas of each

province to become centers to go to the sea, develop economic zones and marine
tourism of the central coastal strip, in which:
a) Marine urban areas: To build and develop coastal cities and towns in
each province to become sea-going centers of each province such as Ha Tinh
city together with Hong Linh town of Ha Tinh; Dong Hoi city together with Hon
La EZ of Quang Binh; Dong Ha is connected to the economic space of Cua Viet
port of Quang Tri; Hue city becomes Festival city, tourist city, cultural and
economic center of the region; international trade, service and transaction center,
the region's high quality multi-disciplinary science, training and health center.
b) Coastal economic zone: Nghi Son EZ, Vung Ang EZ, Chan May- Lang
Co EZ, Southeast Nghe An EZ, Hon La EZ.
c) Coastal tourism
Based on the distribution of natural resources, marine tourism space in the
North Central provinces is divided into 02 tourism sub-regions:
Northern tourism sub-region: Thanh Hoa to Ha Tinh
Sub-region South North Central: from Quang Binh to Thua Thien – Hue
2.2.2. Regarding the apparatus and state management officials on the
sea and islands in the locality
For agencies managing marine resources exploitation by sector: in a
province, the highest management agency on marine economic development and
marine resource exploitation is the coastal People's Committee with the help of a
number of departments and agencies. related such as: Department of Agriculture
and Rural Development, Department of Planning and Investment, Department of
Natural Resources and Environment, Department of Culture, Sports and
Tourism, Department of Transport, Department of Construction ...
For the general management agency on marine resource exploitation: In
Decree No. 25/2008 / ND-CP dated April 3, 2008 of the Government defining
functions, tasks, powers and organizational structure of the Ministry of Natural
Resources and Environment; The Government has assigned the Ministry of State a
comprehensive and unified management of the sea and islands, in conjunction with

the Vietnam General Department of Sea and Islands as a focal point.
2.2.4. Develop and organize the implementation of marine economic
development policies in the Northern Central Provinces


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2.2.4.1. Regarding the current status of propaganda of the Party's policy
and the laws of the state and concretizing the views of the Party and the State
and promulgating the law on marine economy in the North Central Provinces
Being aware of the importance of the sea and islands for the cause of
national construction and defense, in the past years, the propagation of the sea
and islands in the localities has been approved by the party committees,
authorities, departments and branches. , the organizations are interested in
actively implementing, quite comprehensively.
Regarding propaganda content mainly on the following issues:
Firstly, disseminate and disseminate the Party's guidelines and policies
and the State's policies and laws on issues related to Vietnam's sea and islands.
Secondly, to propagate the Resolution of the 8th Party Central Committee
Meeting (Session XII) on the Vietnam Sustainable Marine Economic Strategy to
2030, with a vision to 2045.
Third, propaganda on sustainable development of sea, islands and marine
economic sectors aims to attract more investment resources, strengthen national
economic potentials and protect maritime and island sovereignty.
Fourthly, propaganda about the post-military policies; encouraging,
encouraging officials, soldiers, people, security forces, sovereignty over sea and
islands; encouraging the people to settle permanently and permanently on the
island, doing long-term business at sea; propagating and fostering the love and
sense of responsibility of the people of all strata for the sacred sea and islands of
the Fatherland.

Fifth, propagating international cooperation activities on the sea, islands,
results of scientific research, climate change and Vietnam's commitments and
actions on climate change phenomenon; on activities of effective coordination
between Vietnamese agencies, units and organizations in the management,
protection, exploitation and development of marine resources and environment;
on finding, rescuing, rescuing and protecting security, order and safety in coastal
areas and in the waters under Vietnam's sovereignty, sovereignty and
jurisdiction.
Friday, focusing on propaganda and foreign information.
2.2.4.2. Preferential investment policies for North Central Provinces
To support the attraction of investment capital (especially FDI) into the
North Central region, the central management levels have issued many policies


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such as Resolution No. 39-NQ / TW, of the IXth Politburo. on socio-economic
development and ensuring national defense and security in the North Central
and Central Coast regions by 2010; Decision No. 158/2007 / QD-TTg dated
October 9, 2007 of the Prime Minister "Approving the Integrated Management
Program of the coastal strip in the North Central and Central Coast regions by
2010 and orientation by 2020 ".
The planning of development and investment attraction in the North
Central region of the Government is mainly placed in the general planning of the
whole North Central region and Central Coast. The Government also issued
decisions on socio-economic development planning in the North Central region
towards building targets for each sub-region: the Central key economic region,
including Thua Thien Hue province; North Central region (Thanh Hoa, Nghe
An, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh and Quang Tri); Western mountainous areas of
provinces and cities in the region. The planning of economic zones development

is associated with the economic restructuring of each locality ...
2.2.4.3. Investment policy for coastal infrastructure development
Based on the master plan for development of industrial parks, export
processing zones, high-tech zones and economic zones approved by the
Government, ministries, ministerial-level agencies and provincial-level People's
Committees shall plan and organize the construction of systems. technical
infrastructure and social infrastructure outside the fence of industrial zones,
export processing zones, high-tech zones and economic zones under the scope of
management. For a number of localities with difficult and particularly difficult
socio-economic areas, the State shall provide partial support to the locality to
work together with investors to develop the infrastructure system in the fence
area. industrial and export processing zones according to the Government's
regulations. The State allocates capital from the budget and preferential credit to
support the development of technical and social infrastructure systems in hightech zones and economic zones and some methods of mobilization capital
mobilization for the development of infrastructure of high-tech parks and
economic zones.
2.2.4.4. Policy of applying science and technology to marine economic
development
The policy of marine science and technology development is within the
overall scope of the country's science and technology policy. With harsh natural


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conditions, limited resources, scientific and technological development is one of
the key factors to motivate the development of all socio-economic life in the
seas and coastal areas. . In recent years, all localities have implemented many
policies to develop science and technology on the sea and islands. Although the
achieved results are still limited, it initially creates a foundation to promote
marine science and technology development with some remarkable results.

2.2.4.5. Human resource development policy
The North Central region has more than 10.6 million people with more
than 6.3 million people of working age. In particular, the proportion of workers
with secondary school diploma or higher accounted for 48.3%, the proportion of
trained workers was 22.75%, and technical workers had 16.65%. The labor force
accounts for about 12% of the whole country (Red River Delta is 27.6%, South
East is 33%). Labor structure in industry - construction in 2016 is 25.6%,
agriculture, forestry and fishery is 46.1% and service is 28.3%. To ensure the
development of human resources, all localities have many solutions to issue
general policies; planning to develop regional training and vocational training
network; inter-regional cooperation and international cooperation on human
resource training. Accordingly, a number of policies issued in localities are:
regimes and policies on salaries, allowances and other incentives to attract
talents and technical workers from other regions to work and work. Long term
work in the North Central Provinces. Training and retraining of civil servants to
meet the requirements and tasks of industrialization, modernization and
international economic integration. There are policies and measures to strongly
develop human resources for science and technology. In addition, localities have
prioritized the establishment of high-level formal vocational schools in
economic zones; Expand the network of vocational training institutions to
districts. Building a number of high-tech vocational colleges; Promote shortterm vocational training for workers, replicate vocational training models
according to market demand.
2.2.5. On the status of checking and controlling the implementation of
planning and implementation of policies related to marine economic
development in the locality
2.2.5.1. Status of building feedback system
The implementation of planning or provincial government policies is a
long, continuous and complex process that requires state agencies in the

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province to regularly capture information to have impacts on adapted to the
actual situation. And in the provinces, the feedback system is used through
reports on the implementation of the monthly, quarterly and annual marine
economic development policies of departments and agencies. The Steering
Committee and the standing body of the Steering Committee hold regular
meetings once a quarter to review and evaluate the implementation situation. At
the same time, it also requires professional agencies such as: Inspectorate of
Department of Finance, Inspectorate of People's Committees of districts, towns
and provincial State Inspectorate to inspect the use of funding sources in
dynamic time; Specialized inspectors of agriculture and rural development have
inspected the implementation of the content, schedule and funding periodically
once a year; reflections of press agencies; through reflecting recommendations,
organizations, businesses or monitoring reports of the Provincial People's
Council.
2.2.5.2. Situation of monitoring and evaluation of policy implementation
The implementation of policies to develop marine economic industries
requires the evaluation and acceptance, regular monitoring; The policy
enforcement control of the provincial government is carried out by different
agencies. Control subjects are the Provincial People's Council; Provincial
People's Committees, Steering Committees, Standing Bodies of the Steering
Committee, State Inspectorate, departments, branches, organizations and
enterprises themselves.
Control tools and forms: directing and operating documents, resolutions,
reports on the province to implement the policy of the standing body of the
Steering Committee, departments, branches ...
2.2.5.3. Giving initiatives to adjust, improve and innovate
In the process of assessing the implementation of policies, it is necessary
to develop initiatives for adjusting, improving and renewing policies. Initiatives

can be given to policy makers or policy enforcement agencies. In addition to
proposing adjustments and supplements to support mechanisms and policies,
revise the contents of that policy. Every year, based on the results of
implementation organization, difficulties and difficulties from organizations and
enterprises, the provincial People's Committee will adjust, improve and renew
the contents according to its authority to implement policies. to suit the practical
conditions of the province.


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2.3. Overall assessment of the state management of marine economic
development in the North Central Provinces in the period of 2013-2017
2.3.1. Achievements and causes
Firstly, the results achieved in the strategy and planning of marine
economic development
Secondly, the achieved results on the policy of marine economic
development
Thirdly, the results achieved on the organization of the management of
marine economic development
Fourth, the results of the annual growth of marine industries and sectors
Fifthly, the results of the production scale change in the whole region
Achieving the above results is due to the following reasons:
Firstly, in recent years, the country has been focusing strongly on not only
reforming administrative procedures, reforming the state apparatus but also
introducing many mechanisms and policies (economic restructuring policy;
policy of renovating growth models, improving the quality of growth, labor
productivity and competitiveness of the economy, policies to develop high-tech
agricultural areas ...)
Secondly, international integration in general and world economic

integration in particular is a strong way to bring opportunities for the provinces
and the whole region to access advanced scientific and technical achievements
and production technologies. applied to production and processing to improve
quality, lower product costs, attract investment capital for socio-economic
infrastructure and production and business development.
Third, the promotion of industry 4.0 based on digitalization and
connectivity is the world's trend, along with the strong direction of the
Government in building e-government and developing the strategy of industrial
revolution 4.0. will create many advantages for the provinces in implementing
administrative reforms, publicity and transparency of state agencies' activities.
Fourthly, the North Central Coast has a long coastline and a deep-water port,
so it is very convenient for marine economic development (seaport, fishing ...).
Fifth, the North Central Coast has a beautiful coastline and is one of the
tourist centers attracting a large number of domestic and foreign tourists, the
coastal tourism sites play an important role, leading to great demand about sea
resort products


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Sixth, the North Central Region has the advantage of good general
education. The common labor force of Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Thanh Hoa, Quang
Binh, Quang Tri and Hue are quite abundant and are willing to work for new
construction factories.
Seventh, Provincial Governments have made certain innovations in
thinking and approach to managing the economy in order to create a favorable
business environment for businesses and people.
2.3.2. Limitations and reasons
In addition to the achieved results, marine economic development in the
North Central Region has the following limitations:

Firstly, the possibility of regional links among the local authorities in the
province is still inadequate
Secondly, there are many restrictions on people's awareness of marine
resources exploitation and resource protection and conservation.
Thirdly, there are many limitations on training high quality human
resources to serve marine economic development
The cause of the limitations
- Some objective causes: causes of geographical location and natural
conditions; international political environment; ocean and ocean science and
technology development level
- Some subjective causes: Some causes of the quality of human resources
of state management officials on islands and islands in the locality; Two is the
way to exploit marine resources of fishermen; The third is the limitation of
international cooperation in marine economic development.
CHAPTER 3
RECOMMENDING SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO
IMPROVE STATE MANAGEMENT ON MARINE ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT IN THE NORTH CENTRAL PROVINCES OF VIETNAM
3.1. Influencing factors, views and directions of state management of
marine economic development in the North Central provinces
3.1.1. Domestic and foreign factors affecting the development of marine
economy in the North Central provinces
International context: From mid-2018, the global economy has been
volatile. US-China trade tensions boomed in the second half of 2018, upsetting


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the global economic landscape. In 2019, due to the impact of precarious
recovery and a recession on the global scale, the economic recovery momentum

of the market of developed countries may be reduced. In the long term, the
world still has many unpredictable and unexpected factors due to some of the
following characteristics, directly affecting the development of marine economic
sectors:
- Conflict of power in any form among great powers, especially in
competing for influence and occupying strategic resources.
- Water, food and energy increasingly play a decisive role in the
development of the world in general and each economy in particular.
- Climate change has been and continues to be the biggest challenge for
humanity in the next few decades because of its unpredictable consequences.
Meanwhile, technology can only be part of the key to salvation if countries do
not change the way of development. The most affected by climate change is
usually the country adjacent to the sea, including Vietnam.
Domestic context: After 10 years of implementing Resolution No. 09 NQ / TW, on October 22, 2018, at the 8th Conference (XIIth Session), the Party
Central Committee adopted Resolution No. 36 - NQ / TW on "Sustainable
development strategy of Vietnam's marine economy to 2030, with a vision to
2045" (hereinafter referred to as 2030 marine strategy). The major policy of the
2030 marine strategy is to develop successfully, breakthroughs in marine
economic sectors in the order of priority are: (1) Tourism and marine services;
(2) Maritime economy; (3) Exploiting oil and gas and other marine mineral
resources; (4) Cultivating and exploiting seafood; (5) Renewable energy and
new marine economic sectors.
Besides, Vietnam is emerging as a favorite destination as multinational
companies are seeking to change their supply and shift strategy from China.
Recent macro data shows that Vietnam is benefiting greatly from this change.
Specifically, FDI in the first 4 months of 2019 in Vietnam set a new record is a
clearest example. Total newly registered and adjusted capital investment reached
7.45 billion USD, up 29% over the same period last year. Experts all said that
FDI in Vietnam will still increase strongly and support GDP growth in 2019.
3.1.2. State management viewpoints and directions on the development of

marine economy in the North Central provinces


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Objectives and orientations of socio-economic development of the North
Central Region
Region development objectives: To build the North Central region into a
dynamic, fast and sustainable development area, an important bridge for the
whole country in exchange of international cooperation; to maintain political
stability and social order and safety, develop marine economy in association
with ensuring national defense and security, protecting the country's sovereignty
over the sea and islands.
Social, environmental, security and defense objectives: Ensuring the
fulfillment of social objectives, environmental protection, defense and security
assurance. Closely linking socio-economic development, especially the sea and
island economy with the national and island sovereignty and sovereignty rights
over the sea ...
Orientations for development of marine economic sectors in Northern
Central Vietnam provinces
- First, for the tourism and marine services sector: Pay attention to
investment in tourism infrastructure; encourage and create conditions for
economic sectors to participate in developing eco-tourism, scientific exploration,
community tourism, high-quality sea resorts in coastal areas ...
- Secondly, for the maritime economy: The focus is on effective
exploitation of seaports and sea transport services. To plan, build and organize
synchronously and effectively exploitation of general seaports, international
transit ports and specialized ports associated with support services; building
complete logistics infrastructure and roads, connecting sea ports with regions,
regions and localities in the country and internationally

- Thirdly, cultivating and exploiting seafood: Shifting from farming,
exploiting seafood by traditional to industrial and high-tech applications.
- Fourthly, the coastal industry: Must be based on planning, considering
the advantages of natural conditions of each region, prioritizing the development
of environmentally-friendly high-tech and industrial industries. platform, source
technology.
- Fifth, renewable energy and new marine economic sectors: Promoting
investment in construction, exploitation of wind power, solar power and other
forms of renewable energy.


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3.2. Some solutions for state management on marine economic
development in the North Central Provinces of Vietnam
3.2.1. Review, adjust and supplement planning; complete mechanisms and
policies in the period 2020-2025
Review and evaluate carefully the impact and effectiveness of each
provincial policy issued in the period of 2015-2020; On that basis, it is urgently
building a system of mechanisms and policies for the period 2020-2025,
ensuring focus, synchronization, focus, focus and efficiency, focusing on areas
that need to be be encouraged to develop and create a driving force for socioeconomic development, especially prioritizing policies on agricultural and rural
development and building new rural areas; At the same time, it is suitable with
the ability to balance and mobilize resources in new conditions and situations, to
avoid spreading to the implementation of feasible mechanisms and policies that
are feasible and achieve the highest results.
3.2.2. Promote administrative reform; improve business investment
environment, promote business development, increase investment attraction; to
maximize mobilization and effective use of resources for development investment
Continuing to comprehensively implement the contents of the Public

Administration Reform Program to create strong, effective and effective changes
in operating and implementing the assigned tasks. Simultaneously implementing
measures to promote administrative procedure reform, especially administrative
procedures related to people and businesses.
Review, update, adjust and supplement the list of projects calling for
investment in accordance with the provincial development planning; continue to
innovate both in terms of content and form of investment promotion in specific
and detailed directions for each project and each investor.
3.2.3. Strengthen state management in all areas related to marine economy
- Fields of natural resources and environment: Strictly control
environmental protection when evaluating investment projects and the entire
operation process of the project, including the construction, construction and
operation stages experiment.
- Continue to improve the effectiveness of investment and construction
management: Strengthen and improve the quality and efficiency of investment
supervision and evaluation, to promptly detect and correct errors in the head
private, construction.


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3.2.4. Improving the quality of human resources for economic
development in the North Central Provinces of Vietnam
Develop policies to support vocational training for farmers, young people
and organize the implementation in a clear and transparent manner. Encourage
local businesses to use on-the-spot labor in the form of supporting vocational
training enterprises for their new recruits.
Developing the labor market connecting provinces to use rational human
resources in terms of scale, quality and structure of qualifications and
professions, actively train employees to catch the trend of investment shift from

China and other countries in the ASEAN Economic Community are closely
linked to the region's socio-economic development requirements under the
approved Planning.
Paying attention to regular and regular inspection and supervision of
human resources training and development. On that basis, draw and draw
experiences and promptly promulgate policies suitable to regional socioeconomic development objectives and meet the investment attraction
requirements in each period of attaching importance to checking and Regular
and regular monitoring in human resource training and development.
3.2.5. Increase regional links between localities in the North Central Region
Based on the central regulations, provinces should discuss and agree on a
number of mechanisms and solutions to attract investment for the whole region,
taking into account the comparative advantages and strengths of each province;
The goal is to create a favorable environment for localities to have the
opportunity to maximize their strengths, with support and supplement for each
other in the development process.
Regional links to exploit potential tourism markets are Laos and Northeast
Thailand.
Limiting the spread of investment in seaports in all provinces in the
region. Instead of spreading investment into ports, the provinces should invest in
the logicalstic chain system very well, the transport system into new seaports is
a road, no other transport systems (such as railways) ) connect.
3.2.6. Raising awareness of coastal communities in exploiting marine
resources in association with protection and conservation of natural resources.
Firstly, in order to aim at a sustainable fishing industry, the provinces
orient the arrangement and structure of the fishing industry appropriately,


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gradually reduce and proceed to eliminate unsustainable exploitation. The

effective control of fisheries will play an important role in maintaining aquatic
resources and aquatic ecosystems, ensuring fisheries development effectively,
safely and sustainably, contributing to improving the life of the community.
fellow fishermen.
Secondly, in addition to training sessions, improving people's knowledge
about the role and importance of protecting marine resources, protecting the
environment, the provinces should have new economic models to help
fishermen. People can both exploit coastal resources and protect marine
resources.
Thirdly, the province should continue to support fishermen Transfer
advanced mining technology, equipment for exploitation and preservation of
offshore fishing products.
3.2.7. Some other solutions
- With the role of the highest state management agency in the locality, the
People's Committee needs to have the direction, determination and drastic
direction solutions, well doing the integration of investment programs and
projects into the declaration. harnessing the potential of sea and coastal space to
increase income for workers and create prosperity for society.
- Arrange staff with qualifications, experience, responsibility, enthusiasm
in organizing policy implementation. At the same time, there should be an
incentive mechanism for officials appointed to participate in implementing
policies when successfully completing the assigned tasks.
- Develop a coordination mechanism between the Provincial People's
Committee and socio-political organizations.
- Every year, it is necessary to review and evaluate the results achieved,
the limitations of existence and absorb the opinions of small and medium
enterprises on difficulties and problems in implementing policies to address
make appropriate solutions.
3.3. Some recommendations
3.3.1. With the government

With policies to develop economic regions
The State should study the model of an appropriate regional development
consultancy organization. The region is not an administrative unit or an
administrative region, and the area is not a simple addition of administrative


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units. Therefore, to enhance the ability to coordinate activities of localities in the
region, a Regional Development Advisory Council can be set up.
With the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
- The study has specific guidance to coordinate the integration of the
Ministry's programs on aquaculture programs suitable to local conditions.
- There is a specific mechanism to support capital for the province to
support the production of key agricultural products in the province in general, to
support production in coastal areas in particular, including production support
for farming. aquatic products.
- Continue to support the provinces in training and fostering knowledge
about the application of new technologies in marine processing and fisheries
production.
- Assist the province in accessing the regional market for seafood
products.
With the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism
- Promoting links with other countries in the region, fully exploiting the
East-West corridor, forming tours and general tourist routes such as: Program
between Vietnam - Cambodia - Laos, Vietnam 3 road routes South - Laos Thailand to diversify products, enhance attractiveness, attract tourists from
ASEAN countries and tourists from third countries to ASEAN to connect tours
to Vietnam.
- Implementing management according to planning including: Master
planning for national tourism development; tourism development planning by

regions and localities; planning of general tourist areas and thematic tourist areas,
to focus on attracting investment in sustainable development. At the same time,
before developing other industries and fields, the State needs to assess the impact
on the tourism industry so that there is a choice to prioritize which sectors to
develop based on the potential and advantages of each locality. direction.
- Focus on developing the national tourism brand on the basis of regional,
local, enterprise and product brands; focus on developing brands with high
competitive position in the region and internationally. Strengthen coordination
among sectors, levels and localities to ensure uniform effect.