Application the activated sludge process on liquid waste treatment in machinery spare parts no 1 joint stock company (FUTU 1)

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

PHAM MINH TUAN

APPLICATION CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL AND THE ACTIVATED SLUDGE
PROCESS ON LIQUID WASTE TREATMENT IN MACHINERY
SPARE PARTS NO.1 JOINT STOCK COMPANY (FUTU 1)

BACHELOR THESIS

Study mode : Full-time
Major

: Environmental science and management

Faculty

: Advanced Education Program Office

Batch

: 2014 - 2018

Thai Nguyen, 20/08/ 2018


DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT
Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry
Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management
Degree Program

Pham Minh Tuan
Student name
DTN1453110152
Student ID
Application the Activated sludge process on liquid waste
treatment in Machinery Spare Parts No.1 Joint Stock
Thesis Title
Company (FUTU 1)
Supervisor (s)
Supervisor’s
signature (s)

Assoc. Prof. Nguyen Hung Quang

Abstract:
Water pollution now is a big problem in Viet Nam. The Song Cong city live in
the north in Viet Nam which is a city of industry with a lot of industry company
and the water pollution is the matter of course. This report about using the
chemical, physical and activated sludge process on liquid waste treatment in
Machinery Spare Parts No.1 Joint Stock Company (FUTU 1).To understands
about level of water pollution and management water waste in Song Cong city
and FUTU 1 company. The report recorded the concept of water waste and
technology of water waste treatment the process of liquid waste treatment in the 3
months in FUTU 1. With method: learning, writing and observation, evaluation
of sampling and assessment about liquid waste result. By the process in FUTU 1
to give conclusion about level of water in FUTU 1 and give comment for
company leaders about solution if the factory have problem

Keywords:

Machinery Spare Parts No.1 Joint Stock Company (FUTU 1)
The activated sludge process, BOD, TSS, PAC

Number of pages: 44
Date of
25/09/2018
Submission

i


ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
To complete this thesis, I would like to express my sincere thanks to the
School Board of Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry,
International program office and all the teachers in the school have taught me
basic knowledge, lessons, and valuable experiences so that I can visualize what I
need to do when I do internship as well as apply that knowledge during the
internship and writing report.
In particular, I would like to express my gratitude to my supervisors,
Assoc. Prof. Nguyen Hung Quang for their invaluable useful comments,
remarks, encouragement and engagement through the learning process of this
graduated thesis.
Finally, I would like to thank the environmental department of Machinery
spare parts NO.1 joint stock , for giving me a chance to internship at the
company. In particular, Mr. Vu Xuan Tinh, also all members in group give me
an opportunity, guidance and helped me during my internship.
I would like to sincerely thank!
Student

Pham Minh Tuan

ii


TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................... iv
LIST OF TABLE .......................................................................................................................... v
PART I. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1
1.1. Research rationale .................................................................................................................. 1
1.2. Research’s objective .............................................................................................................. 2
1.3. Research questions and hypotheses ..................................................................................... 2
1.4. Limitations .............................................................................................................................. 2
1.5. Definitions .............................................................................................................................. 3
PART II. LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................... 6
2.1. Theoretical background ........................................................................................................ 6
2.1.1. Water pollution ................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.2. Causes of Water Pollution................................................................................................. 6
2.1.3. The effect of water pollution: ........................................................................................... 8
2.2. Law of environment ............................................................................................................ 11
2.3. The situation of water pollution in Thai Nguyen............................................................. 12
PART III. METHODS ............................................................................................................... 15
3.1. Material: ................................................................................................................................ 15
3.2. Methods ....................................................................................................................... 15
3.2.1. Job-training content ................................................................................................. 15
PART IV. RESULTS ......................................................................................................... 29
4. Results ............................................................................................................................ 29
4.1.The amount water discharge per day ........................................................................... 29
4.2.Collect water waste after treatment 1 time per week ................................................... 29
PART V. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION ............................................................... 31
5.1. Discussion ................................................................................................................... 31

5.2. Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 31
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................ 33
iii


LIST OF FIGURES
Figures 3.3 Diagram of chemical, physical and activated sludge .................................... 18
Figures 4.1 the water discharge per day ................................................................................... 29

iv


LIST OF TABLE
Table 3.1 The value input of water waste before treatment .......................................... 15

Table 3.2 The standard of water waste after treatment ................................................. 16
Table 4.2 Quality of waste water analysis after treatment .............Error! Bookmark not
defined.
Table 4.3 The mean of output value after treatment ..................................................... 41

v


PART I. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Research rationale
Nowadays the environmental are most important in our life. It is not only a
living space, a place to entertain our natural landscapes and make us more
comfortable, but also provide natural resources to serve in the process of production
and consumption. According to some Yale studies (Sweden, 2006), Vietnam is one of
the eight lowest ranking countries in Southeast Asia for the environment. The biggest

problem is the increase of waste from industrial factories to environmental pollution.
Each factory has its own waste treatment system and depends on the technology used.
This report about the study and job-training in 3 month in Machinery Spare
Parts No.1 Joint Stock Company (FUTU 1) live in Mo Che ward, Song Cong city,
Thai Nguyen province. When the project starts operation It will bring many benefits
for the socio-economic development of Thai Nguyen province such as with 130,000
m2 and 1200 people with 182 engineer and 300 skilled workers. Socio-economic
development and independence of the region, and a net contribution to the province;
Project multipliers such as social infrastructure, businesses, and peripheral
employment; estimated US$20 million corporate tax and royalties over the 50 year
mine life; Estimated 12,000 MW hours per month in power consumption. Creation of
opportunities for local business to expand and new business to develop during the
project’s at least 50 years of production. Producing, buying and selling materials,
equipment, spare parts of engines and agricultural machines. Producing and trading
mechanical products, tools for agriculture, forestry, fishery and transportation.
Manufacture of spare parts, assembly and repair of automobiles and motorcycles.
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In addition to its benefits, it also has a strong negative impact on the
environment in general and the water environment in particular. One of the most
important and essential factors for the life of organisms on earth in general and the
person in particular is the water.
Derived from the reality, through the agreement of Dean of Environmental
Faculty and Advance Education Program Office - Thai Nguyen University of
Agriculture and Forestry the report about job-training study about: “Application
chemical, physical and the activated sludge process on liquid waste treatment in FUTU
1in Mo Che ward, Song Cong city, Thai Nguyen province”
1.2. Research’s objective
- Assessment of water quality of FUTU 1 company

- Identify sources of water pollution of company
- Propose some solutions to enhance the environmental protection of FUTU 1
company
1.3. Research questions and hypotheses
- What is an overview of Machinery Spare Parts No.1 Joint Stock Company ?
- What is current situation of water quality Machinery Spare Parts No.1 Joint
Stock Company ?
- What is Method and principle of operation of wastewater treatment technology
in Machinery Spare Parts No.1 Joint Stock Company ?
- Does the effluent quality meet the requirements of the environmental law?
1.4. Limitations
- Due to limitation of time and resources, this study mainly focuses on using
chemical, physical and the activated sludge process on liquid waste treatment of
FUTU 1 company
2


- The time job-training not enough for study all about environment in FUTU 1
company
1.5. Definitions
1. What is waste ?
A natural part of the life cycle, waste occurs when any organism returns
substances to the environment. Living things take in raw materials and excrete wastes
that are recycled by other living organ-isms. However, humans produce an additional
flow of material residues that would overload the capacity of natural recy-cling
processes, so these wastes must be managed in order to reduce their effect on our
aesthetics, health, or the environment.
Solid and fluid, hazardous and non-toxic wastes are generated in our
households, offices, schools, hospi-tals, and industries. No society is immune from
day-to-day issues associated with waste disposal. How waste is handled often depends

on its source and characteristics, as well as any local, state, and federal regulations that
govern its management. Practices generally differ for residences and industries, in
urban and rural areas, and for developed and developing countries
2. What is industry waste ?
Industrial waste is the waste produced by industrial activity which includes any
material that is rendered useless during a manufacturing process such as that of
factories, industries, mills, and mining operations. It has existed since the start of the
Industrial Revolution.
Toxic waste, chemical waste, industrial solid waste and liquid waste are
designations of industrial wastes. Sewage treatment plants can treat some industrial
wastes, i.e. those consisting of conventional pollutants such as biochemical oxygen
3


demand (BOD). Industrial wastes containing toxic pollutants require specialized
treatment systems.
- Classification of liquid waste:
+ Daily waste: Waste of all workers and staff during their life and work at the
company
+ Waste from the production process: Liquid waste (oil, grease, toxic chemicals)
- Pollution Management and Control
There are many approaches that could be adopted in water pollution control
and management. It could be through prevention, practice efforts or join a
project/program; Regulation and monitoring or engaging in control measures by
reducing or minimizing waste. Prevention of water pollution according to Wikipedia
includes the following ways:
(i) Wash your car far away from any storm water drains.
(ii) Don’t throw trash, chemicals or solvents into sewer drains
(iii) inspects your septic system every 3 – 5 years
(iv) avoid using pesticides and fertilizers that can run off into water systems

(v) sweep your driveway instead of hosing it down
(vi) always pump your waste-holding tanks on your boat
(vii) use non-toxic cleaning materials
(viii) clean up oil and other liquid spills with kitty litter and sweep them up
(ix) don’t wash paints brushes in the sink. Another way is to join or get
involved with pollution prevention is to practice efforts on your own or join projects or
programme. Some of these are available with the Environmental Protection Agency
website (EPA).

4


Regulation and monitoring is an effective way of pollution management. Many
nations worldwide have enacted legislation to regulate various types of pollution as
well as to mitigate the adverse effects of pollution.
Pollution control means to control the emissions and effluents into the air, water
and land or soil. Without pollution control, the waster products from consumptions,
heating, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, transportation and other human activities,
whether they accumulate or disperse, will degrade the environment. Pollution
prevention and waste minimization are more desirable than pollution control.
However, pollution could be minimize by adopting these practices (i) by recycling, (ii)
by reusing, (iii) waste minimization, (iv) by mitigating, (v) by preventing, (vi) by
compost.
Apart from all these mentioned above, you can also use pollution control
devices which include dust collection system example. bag houses, cyclones,
electrostatic precipitators, scrubbers example: baffle spray scrubber, ejector venture
scrubber, mechanically aided scrubbers, spray tower, wet scrubber, sewage treatment.
Sedimentation (primary treatment), activated sludge bio filters (secondary treatment,
also used for industrial waste water), aerated lagoons, constructed wetlands (also used
in urban runoff); industrial wastewater treatment e.g. ultra filtration, API oil-water

separators, bio filters, dissolved air flotation (DAF), powdered activated carbon
treatment; the last but not the least are vapour recovery system and phytoremediation.

5


PART II. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. Theoretical background
2.1.1. Water pollution
Water they say is life, and indeed they were right. With about 70% of the earth’s
cover being water, it undeniably becomes one of our greatest resources. As young
students, we learned about the various ways to conserve water; coming to think of it,
water is used in almost every important human chores and processes. It is an important
element in both domestic as well as industrial purposes. However a closer inspection
of our water resources today, give us a rude shock. Infested with waste ranging from
floating plastic bags to chemical waste, our water bodies have turned into a pool of
poison. The contamination of water bodies in simplest words means water pollution.
Thereby the abuse of lakes, ponds, oceans, rivers, reservoirs etc is water pollution.
Pollution of water occurs when substances that will modify the water in negative
fashion are discharged in it. This discharge of pollutants can be direct as well as
indirect. As per the Economist report (dated 2008) each day over 1000 children die of
diarrheal sickness in India and the numbers have only increased alarming in the last
five years. Water is polluted by both natural as well as man-made activities. Volcanic
eruptions, earthquakes, Tsunamis etc are known to alter water and contaminate it, also
affecting ecosystems that survive under water.
2.1.2. Causes of Water Pollution
1. Industrial waste:
Industries produce huge amount of waste which contains toxic chemicals and
pollutants which can cause air pollution and damage to us and our environment. They
contain pollutants such as lead, mercury, sulphur, asbestos, nitrates and many other

6


harmful chemicals. Many industries do not have proper waste management system and
drain the waste in the fresh water which goes into rivers, canals and later in to sea. The
toxic chemicals have the capability to change the color of water, increase the amount
of minerals, also known as Eutrophication, change the temperature of water and pose
serious hazard to water organisms.
2. Sewage and waste water:
The sewage and waste water that is produced by each household is chemically
treated and released in to sea with fresh water. The sewage water carries harmful
bacteria and chemicals that can cause serious health problems. Pathogens are known as
a common water pollutant; The sewers of cities house several pathogens and thereby
diseases. Microorganisms in water are known to be causes of some very deadly
diseases and become the breeding grounds for other creatures that act like carriers.
These carriers inflict these diseases via various forms of contact onto an individual. A
very common example of this process would be Malaria.
3. Mining activities:
Mining is the process of crushing the rock and extracting coal and other
minerals from underground. These elements when extracted in the raw form contains
harmful chemicals and can increase the amount of toxic elements when mixed up with
water which may result in health problems. Mining activities emit several metal waste
and sulphides from the rocks and is harmful for the water.
Marine dumping: The garbage produce by each household in the form of paper,
aluminum, rubber, glass, plastic, food if collected and deposited into the sea in some
countries. These items take from 2 weeks to 200 years to decompose. When such items
enters the sea, they not only cause water pollution but also harm animals in the sea.
7

4. Accidental Oil leakage:
Oil spill pose a huge concern as large amount of oil enters into the sea and does
not dissolve with water; there by opens problem for local marine wildlife such as fish,
birds and sea otters. For e.g.: a ship carrying large quantity of oil may spill oil if met
with an accident and can cause varying damage to species in the ocean depending on
the quantity of oil spill, size of ocean, toxicity of pollutant.
5. Burning of fossil fuels:
Fossil fuels like coal and oil when burnt produce substantial amount of ash in
the atmosphere. The particles which contain toxic chemicals when mixed with water
vapor result in acid rain. Also, carbon dioxide is released from burning of fossil fuels
which result in global warming.
6. Chemical fertilizers and pesticides:
Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are used by farmers to protect crops from
insects and bacterias. They are useful for the plants growth. However, when these
chemicals are mixed up with water produce harmful for plants and animals. Also,
when it rains, the chemicals mixes up with rainwater and flow down into rivers and
canals which pose serious damages for aquatic animals.
2.1.3. The effect of water pollution:
2.3.1. On human health:
To put it bluntly: Water pollution kills. In fact, it caused 1.8 million deaths in
2015, according to a study published in The Lancet. Contaminated water can also
make you ill. Every year, unsafe water sickens about 1 billion people. And low-income
communities are disproportionately at risk because their homes are often closest to the
most polluting industries.
8


Waterborne pathogens, in the form of disease-causing bacteria and viruses from
human and animal waste, are a major cause of illness from contaminated drinking
water. Diseases spread by unsafe water include cholera, giardia, and typhoid. Even in

wealthy nations, accidental or illegal releases from sewage treatment facilities, as well
as runoff from farms and urban areas, contribute harmful pathogens to waterways.
Thousands of people across the United States are sickened every year by Legionnaires’
disease (a severe form of pneumonia contracted from water sources like cooling
towers and piped water), with cases cropping up from California’s Disneyland to
Manhattan’s Upper East Side.
Meanwhile, the plight of residents in Flint, Michigan—where cost-cutting
measures and aging water infrastructure created the recent lead contamination crisis—
offers a stark look at how dangerous chemical and other industrial pollutants in our
water can be. The problem goes far beyond Flint and involves much more than lead, as
a wide range of chemical pollutants—from heavy metals such as arsenic and mercury to
pesticides and nitrate fertilizers—are getting into our water supplies. Once they’re
ingested, these toxins can cause a host of health issues, from cancer to hormone disruption
to altered brain function. Children and pregnant women are particularly at risk.
Even swimming can pose a risk. Every year, 3.5 million Americans contract
health issues such as skin rashes, pinkeye, respiratory infections, and hepatitis from
sewage-laden coastal waters, according to EPA estimates.
2.3.2 On the environment:
In order to thrive, healthy ecosystems rely on a complex web of animals, plants,
bacteria, and fungi—all of which interact, directly or indirectly, with each other. Harm
to any of these organisms can create a chain effect, imperiling entire aquatic
environments.
9


When water pollution causes an algal bloom in a lake or marine environment,
the proliferation of newly introduced nutrients stimulates plant and algae growth,
which in turn reduces oxygen levels in the water. This dearth of oxygen, known as
eutrophication, suffocates plants and animals and can create “dead zones,” where
waters are essentially devoid of life. In certain cases, these harmful algal blooms can

also produce neurotoxins that affect wildlife, from whales to sea turtles.
Chemicals and heavy metals from industrial and municipal wastewater
contaminate waterways as well. These contaminants are toxic to aquatic life—most
often reducing an organism’s life span and ability to reproduce—and make their way
up the food chain as predator eats prey. That’s how tuna and other big fish accumulate
high quantities of toxins, such as mercury.
Marine ecosystems are also threatened by marine debris, which can strangle,
suffocate, and starve animals. Much of this solid debris, such as plastic bags and soda
cans, gets swept into sewers and storm drains and eventually out to sea, turning our
oceans into trash soup and sometimes consolidating to form floating garbage patches.
Discarded fishing gear and other types of debris are responsible for harming more than
200 different species of marine life.
Meanwhile, ocean acidification is making it tougher for shellfish and coral to
survive. Though they absorb about a quarter of the carbon pollution created each year
by burning fossil fuels, oceans are becoming more acidic. This process makes it harder
for shellfish and other species to build shells and may impact the nervous systems of
sharks, clownfish, and other marine life.

10


2.2. Law of environment
- Law on Environmental Protection 2014, No. 55/2014/ QH13 dated 23/6/2014
of the National Assembly, effective from 01/01/2015.
- Decree No. 179/1999/ ND-CP dated December 30, 1999 of the Government
stipulating the implementation of the Law on Water Resources and came into effect on
January 15, 2000.
- Decree No. 19/2015/ ND-CP dated February 14, 2015 by the Government on
the regulation
- Detailed implementation of some articles of the Law on Environmental

Protection 2014.
- Decree No. 179/2013/ ND-CP dated November 14, 2013 of the Government
stipulating administrative sanctions in the field of environmental protection.
- Circular 36/2015/ TT-BTNMT dated 30/6/2015 of the Ministry of Natural
Resources and Environment regulates the management of hazardous waste.
- Resolution No 41/ NQ / TW dated November 15, 2004 on environmental
protection in the period of accelerating national industrialization and modernization.
- Directive No. 36/ CT-TW of June 25, 1998 of the Politburo on enhancing the
environmental protection in the period of industrialization and modernization of the
country.
- Decision No. 185/ QĐ- UBND dated 24/01/2007 of Thai Nguyen People's
Committee promulgating the "Project on environmental protection in the period of
accelerating national industrialization and modernization in the 2006-2020 period and
The next years"

11


- The environmental protection regulation of Thai Nguyen province is in
accordance with Decision No. 1593/2002 / QĐUB dated 04/06/2002 of Thai Nguyen
People's Committee.
National standards, technical regulations, environmental decisions
2.3. The situation of water pollution in Thai Nguyen
In recent years, Thai Nguyen has had strong development steps in the economy,
step by step improving the social life. However, Thai Nguyen has been facing
enormous challenges in terms of environmental pollution, with a series of industrial
parks rising, which in turn has severely affected the environment, affecting lives of
people. The project of environmental protection in Thai Nguyen province from 2015
to 2021 has been formally approved by the Provincial People's Council in order to
focus thoroughly on urgent environmental issues in the area. By 2020, Thai Nguyen

city has about 90% of municipal waste and 70% of daily garbage in inner cities, towns
and districts are collected, treated and 100% , industrial clusters fully comply with
environmental protection regulations; Preventing and remedying pollution in residues
of plant protection chemicals ...
To be specific, localities will deal with 100% of establishments causing serious
environmental pollution; relocate polluting establishments in population quarters into
industrial parks and clusters; To overcome the pollution in the areas of mineral
exploitation and processing, focusing on the areas around waste plots and open-pit
mining pits.
The environmental protection project in the period of 2016-2021 was approved in
the context of increasing environmental pollution in Thai Nguyen, and the nature of
violations of environmental protection law has become increasingly complex.
12


The source of water pollution in the province of Thai Nguyen province is mainly:
- Industrial production activities.
- Living activities.
- Infrastructure development.
According to the preliminary statistics, every day the whole province discharged
over 400 tons of daily-life waste, but the amount of waste collected and treated was
only about 36%, separate medical waste is collected, treated hygienically just over
50%. The results of the annual environmental monitoring showed that the water
environment was polluted locally, especially in Nui Voi Cement Plant, Quang Son
Cement Plant (Dong Hy district), Factory La Hien Cement (Vo Nhai district) ... More
worri some, around the mine coal mining water content has exceeded the standards
allowed up to 5 times. Along with the water pollution, land environment in the area
near the industrial zone showed marked heavy metal contamination, such as rice fields
near the Song Cong industrial zone the content of Zn exceeds 8.9 times , Cd content
exceeded 11 times; In Thai Nguyen Iron and Steel Factory, the content of Pb exceeds

2.8 times, the content of Zn exceeds 46.6 times ... Especially in the areas of mining
and processing of minerals mainly exploited in the direction of Formal exposure,
mechanical handicrafts have caused adverse impacts on the environment, causing loss
of resources such as at the mine sites: Village Cam, Lemongrass Village, Trai Can iron
mine ... More harmful, at a The mining of Khanh Hoa, Phan Me, Nui Hong, and Trai
Cau iron mine, which has been exploited by the open-cast mine, has created the
mining pits more than 100 m above sea level and pumped more than 100 m above the
surface. This will have to be rectified in time. To ensure economic development along
with environmental protection.
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The management of the water environment in Thai Nguyen province is carried
out in accordance with the provincial environmental planning (approved). In recent
years, there have been many active solutions in environmental management. To
accelerate the quality of the appraisal of EIA reports on investment projects; To
formulate a plan on relocating establishments that pollute the water environment away
from residential areas and industrial clusters (under construction); Inventory of
industrial emissions (unpublished data); Strengthening the inspection of environmental
protection.

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PART III. METHODS
3.1. Material:
All the chemicals are used as receive without further treatment. Kali alum (KAI(SO4)2),
polymer ((-CH2-CH(C6H5)-)n), javen (NaClO), sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
3.2. Methods
3.2.1. Job-training content

3.2.1.1. Introduction about factory water treatment in FUTU 1 company
The factory water treatment was build in 2011 and live in the north of FUTU 1
company. Total area 150 m2 with 3 room (control room, chemical room, storehouse )
and 10 tank for treatment water made from reinforced concrete .
The factory is treatment all water waste from build and industry factory in
company before discharged to the Song Cong river. The water-pipe designed for water
waste from building and other factory auto go to factory water treatment. The factory
using chemical, physical and the activated sludge technology from Japan.
3.2.1.2 Value input
The value input of factory show in table 3.1
Table 3.1 The value input of water waste before treatment
Number

Chemicals

Unit

Value

1

pH

-

6–7

2

COD

mg/l

150 - 250

3

BOD

mg/l

55 - 110

4

TSS

mg/l

20 - 120

5

Cadmium (Cd)

mg/l

0.0017

6

Lead (Pb)

mg/l

0.0109

7

Chromium (Cr)

mg/l

0.2 - 0.9

8

Mnese (Mn)

mg/l

0.092

9

Iron (Fe)

mg/l

1.5 - 10

10

Grease

mg/l

5 - 25
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3.2.1.3Quality of water waste after treatment
The quality of water waste after treatment was standards level A, TCVN 5945 –
2005 (Table 3.2) after that the water waste will discharged to river.
Table 3.2 The standard of water waste after treatment
Number

Chemical

Unit

Value

1

Temperature

°C

40

2

pH

-

9-Jun

3

Smell

-

comfortable

4

The color Co-Pt when pH = 7

5

BOD5 (20°C)

mg/l

30

6

COD

mg/l

50

7

TSS

mg/l

50

8

As

mg/l

0.05

9

Mercury (Hg)

mg/l

0.005

10

Lead (Pb)

mg/l

0.1

11

Cadmium (Cd)

mg/l

0.005

12

Chromium: Cr (IV)

mg/l

0.05

13

Chromium: Cr (III)

mg/l

0.2

14

Copper (Cu)

mg/l

2

15

Zinc (Zn)

mg/l

3

16

Nickel (Ni)

mg/l

0.2

17

Mnese (Mn)

mg/l

0.5

18

Iron (Fe)

mg/l

1

19

Tin (Sn)

mg/l

0.2

20

Cyanide (CN-)

mg/l

0.07

20

16


21

Phenol (C6H5OH)

mg/l

0.1

22

Grease

mg/l

5

23

Animal and plant oil

mg/l

10

24

Chlorine (Cl)

mg/l

1

25

PCBs

mg/l

0.0003

mg/l

0.3

mg/l

0.1

Chemical protect plant : Phosphorus
26
organski
Chemical protect plant : Chlorine
27
organski
28

Sunfua

mg/l

0.2

29

Fluoride ion

mg/l

5

30

Chloride ion

mg/l

500

31

Ammonia (NH3)

mg/l

5

32

Total Nitrogen

mg/l

15

33

Total Phosphorus

mg/l

4

34

Coliform

MPN/100
3000
ml
90 % animal still
35

Bioassay
alive in water waste

3.2.1.4. Technology

The technology using in FUTU 1 company was design suitable following criteria:
Using advanced technology and Successfully applied for water waste treatment in
other countries and the same technology in Viet Nam.
Using new device only use for water treatment with high quality, stability, saving
energy and easy to change if have problem
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Application semi-automatic solution in control value in processing.
Control the value input-output and Simple operation.
Water waste all standards level A, TCVN 5945 – 2005 before discharged outside
3.2.1.4. Diagram of technology

Figures 3.1 Diagram of chemical, physical and activated sludge

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Note:
The way of water waste
The way of mud
3.2.1.6. Operate technology
1. Waste water collection
Firstly, waste water from the workshops of FUTU 1 followed the sewer system
leading to the wastewater collection tank. Garbage sheds will be placed in front of the
tank to remove large trash from the system that will affect the sewage pump and
treatment facilities.
2. Grease separator
Wastewater from the tank was pumped to the grease skimmer tank for
treatment. The grease extracted by the grease trap installed in the tank automatically

flew to the sludge drying yard. After the oil was separated, the wastewater flew into
the conditioning tank.
3. Waste water regulation
The regulator helped regulate flow and concentration of pollutants. The air
conditioner is equipped with a gas distribution system at the bottom of the tank; the air
supplied from the air blower will scatter throughout the tank and mix the wastewater,
avoiding the growth of the anaerobic bacteria causing bad odors. The air flow could be
stable even during peak hours. During rush hours, excess flow would be retained in the
conditioning tank.
The air conditioner also had some advantages such as:
- Balance the loading of organic substances and metals.
- Neutralize pH fluctuation.
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