VIETNAM MARITIME UNIVERSITY
INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
__________________________
FIELD TRIP REPORT
Name of student:
Nguyen Thi Thuy Duong
ID:
49874
Class:
GMA0303
Place:
GREEN LOSGISTICS CENTRE
INSTRUCTOR: Vu Thi Thu Hang
09/2015
CONTENT
PREFACE
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION OF THE COMPANY
1.1 Introduction of Vietnam Container Shipping Corporation (VICONSHIP)
1.1.1 History........................................................................................................................3
1.1.2 Functions....................................................................................................................4
1.1.3 Organization
1.2 Introduction of Green Logistics Centre ( GLC)
1.2.1 General introduction................................................................................................6
1.2.2 History........................................................................................................................7
1.2.3 Functions...................................................................................................................9
1.2.4 Organization..............................................................................................................9
1.2.5 Facilities...................................................................................................................10
1.2.6 Orientation production operations........................................................................11
CHAPTER 2. THE PROCEDURE OF RECEIVING IMPORTED GOODS TO BONDED
WAREHOUSED IN GREEN LOGISTICS CENTRE (GLC)
2.1 Bonded warehoused
2.1.1 Definition .........................................................................................................13
2.1.2 Characteristics of goods in bonded warehoused ...............................................14
2.2 Responsibilities of the parties involved in the operation of bonded warehouse
2.2.1 Responsibilities of bonded warehoused owners................................................ 14
2.2.2 Responsibilities of customs bonded warehoused .............................................. 14
2.2.3 Responsibilities of goods owners (or forwarder) ...............................................14
2.3 The procedure of receiving imported goods to bonded warehoused in Green
Logistics Centre (GLC)
2.3.1 Diagram of process ...............................................................................................15
2.3.2 Describe the process .............................................................................................17
CHAPTER III. STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF THE PROCESS
3.1. Strengths. ................................................................................................................27
3.2. Weaknesses. ............................................................................................................27
3.3. Suggestions to advance the effect of the process ..................................................27
CONCLUSION
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1: The organization map of Viconship
Figure 1.2: the instruction of finding GLC on the maps
Figure 1.3: The organization map of Green Logistics Centre (GLC)
Figure 2.1: Bonded warehouse in Green Logistics Centre (GLC)
Figure 2.2: Diagram of the procedure of receiving imported goods to bonded warehoused in
Green Logistics Centre (GLC)
Figure 2.3: The customs procedure
Figure 2.4: applications for transfer gate
Figure 2.5: VAT invoice
PREFACE
Logistics is a tool to link the activities in Global Value Chain and is seen as a tool,
a means to link many different areas of business strategy. Logistics is very important for
economic development in Vietnam. Logistics services contribute to improving
management efficiency and reduce costs in the production process, enhance the
competitiveness of enterprises. Logistics services contributed to increase the business
value of the transport companies.
Acknowledging the importance of logistics in economics development in Vietnam,
I decide to take my field trip in Green Logistics Centre, a developing logistics company
in Haiphong. I hope this field trip will provide me practical knowledge, enhances my
understanding of theories studied at the Vietnam Maritime University.
In this report, I discuss about the procedure of receiving imported goods to bonded
warehoused. By observation and practice, I expect to present clearly and accurately this
procedure at Green Logistics Centre
My report presents in detail the procedure of receiving imported goods to bonded
warehoused in Green Logistics Centre before analyzing and comparing it with the procedure in
fact. By unbiased evaluation, I give some comments about the strengthes, weaknesses as well as
proposing suggestions to improve this procedure more efficiently and advanced.
In general, this report includes 3 chapters:
Chapter 1: The introduction about company
In this chapter, I present history and development of Vietnam Container Shipping
Corporation and Green Logistics Centre, business functions of the company,
organizational structure, evaluating generally business situation of the company in two
recent years.
Chapter 2: the procedure of receiving imported goods to bonded warehoused in
Green Logistics Centre
This chapter is about the main topic of this report. The full procedure is presented
specifically following each step. The role of each position in the company is also
highlighted through each period in the procedure.
Chapter 3: Strengths and the weaknesses of the process
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This chapter is about the strengths and the weaknesses of the process. Depending on
strengths, weaknesses and the risks affecting the procedure, some suggestions to improve the
activities at Green Logistics Centre
THE PROCEDURE OF RECEIVING IMPORTED GOODS TO BONDED
WAREHOUSED IN GREEN LOGISTICS CENTRE
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION OF THE COMPANY
1.1 Introduction of Vietnam Container Shipping Corporation (VICONSHIP)
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1.1.1 History
VIETNAM CONTAINER SHIPPING CORPORATION (VICONSHIP) is one of leading
Freight Forwarders and Shipping Agency Companies in Vietnam and has been actively
providing its services since 1985. Founded in 1985, Vietnam Container Company (VICONSHIP)
is a stateowned enterprise specializing in providing services to shipping agents, warehousing,
loading, unloading and transporting container
During the establishment and development, VICONSHIP has undergone significant
stage. In April 2002,Haiphong VICONSHIP equitized and became a corporation under the name
"Vietnam Container Shipping Joint Stock Company”
VICONSHIP network operations in both the North CentralSouth with four 100 % owned
subsidiaries, one branch and one joint venture. Business Scope extended terminal operators,
shipping, gradually forming a closed chain logistics services. VICONSHIP Green Port is a major
port of Haiphong and plays a key role in business operations. With initial charter capital
equalization than 25 billion VICONSHIP continuous increases of charter capital in the form of
shares issued internal issue for existing shareholders. To date the Company's charter capital is
80.3 billion. Corporation Vietnam Maritime VINALINES is the largest shareholder with 28.16 %
stake and an important contribution to support the business activities of the Company.
VICONSHIP was Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange listing approval and will be up in the first
quarter of 2008 HOSE
1.1.2 Functions
a. Shipping agent
VICONSHIP is the only shipping agency's of two largest shipping company in the world
in Vietnam. They are MSC and TSLines.
As ship's and shipping agent, on behalf of shipping company and operators, VICONSHIP
follow the governmental procedure when vessel enter and leave the port, undertake loading,
unloading and delivery of cargo of those vessels, providing port, cargo and general protective
agent's services, cargo handling service, stevedoring facilities, bunkering, bonded stores, fresh
water, medical services and supplies, preparing shipping documents, general transportation and
accommodation of crewmen, marine surveyors, vessel chartering, drydocking... Vessel repair
services.
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b. CFS Warehousing
With its own warehouse of 5,000m2 which is located next to container main port of
Haiphong, VICONSHIP is ready to meet customer's need for storage, transportation, and
distribution processing of goods through the established nationwide transportation network.
Warehousing & export packing provide full range of services to meet all requirements for ocean
and domestic shipments. Service includes the consolidation and stuffing of equipment and
supplies into container, flat rack and platform as well as securing and blocking materials.
Products handled by us are of numerous different types. to guarantee the safety of merchandize is
our responsibility
c. Multimodal Transport
Container Inland Haulage & Logistics: VICONSHIP offers a complete range of container
logistic custody, dispositioning, inland transportation, maintenance, and repairs, leasing
arrangement.
As a pioneer in container transport with its own trucking fleet, the company has a full
scale system, which uses specialized tractors, and trailers, trucking services are available to all
part of Vietnam for any type of cargo, no matter how large in scales or small in lot. Use of
specially equipped vehicles operated by special licensed drivers has given the company a solid
reputation. rapid, safe and precise work is demanded for linking the vital land & marine routes
1.1.3 Organization
a. Function of departments
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Figure 1.1 : The organization of VICONSHIP
Shareholders
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Shareholder is the top power group in company. It includes the shareholder who
have right to vote and decide the issues related to laws and regulation of company. Group
examines the annual financial report and determine annual budget. Besides, shareholder
can dismiss member of supervisory board and board of management.
Supervisory board
Shareholder elects member of supervisory board and they function independently
with board of management. This group represents the shareholder and supervises all
aspect of business operation. There are three members in group and their incumbency is
five years.
The Board of Management
The Board of Management is the governing body of the Company, has full
authority to decide on behalf of the Company the implementation of the rights and
obligations of the Company are not under the jurisdiction of General Meeting of
Shareholders. The Company's Board of Management has 09 members; each term of each
member is 05 years. Chairperson elected by Board of Management.
Board of director
Board of director includes four members: general director and three vice general director.
General Director is person who manages and takes responsibility for every aspect of economic
activity. General Director also is legal representative of company
b. Subsidiaries
Infacon company: business warehouse; sales of gasoline, oil, supplies and accessories;
shipping agent and ship broker
Da Nang Viconship: Agent container services, shipping agency; shipbroker; transportation
of imports and exports, goods in transit; Multimodal Transport International;
T.S Lines: As agents of container; Freight forwarding and import and export inland
container transport; Brokerage and import goods; Business Warehouse and storage buildings;
Marine terminal operators, shipping business, shipping business multimodal.
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Global Blue transport company: As agents of container; Freight forwarding and import and
export inland container transport; Brokerage and import goods; Business Warehouse and storage
buildings; Entrusted import and export of goods; other services related to serving the needs of
customers.
1.2 Introduction of Green Logistics Centre ( GLC)
1.2.1 Establishment and Devolopment
Name: Subsidiary of Vietnam Container Shipping Corporation, Green Logistic Centre
One Member Limited Company
Address: CN3.2G Dinh Vu Industrial Zone, Dong Hai II Precinct, Hai An
District, Haiphong.
Tel: (8431). 3797766
Figure 1.2: the instruction of finding GLC on the maps
Director: Nghiem Tuan Anh
Authorized operations: Vietnam Container Shipping Corporation
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In May 2012, Green DMC Corporation was found that total charter capital is 75 billion
based on equity of Vietnam Container Shipping Corporation VICONSHIP and DMC company
under Petro Vietnam had been the investment certification of Management Board of Dinh Vu IZ
with 74.900 m2 in lot 3.2G, Dinh Vu Industrial Zone, Dong Hai 2 Ward, Hai An District,
Haiphong City.
In October 2012, VICONSHIP paid back entire shares of DMC Company to convert
Green DMC Corporation into Green Logistic Centre One Member Limited Company
transaction name was Green Logistic Centre; and company raised the charter capital from 75
billion to 90 billion with 100% investment of the VICONSHIP.
On 1 November 2012, Green Logistic Centre One Member Limited Company officially
opened and put into operation a new container yard Phase 1 was completed with a total area of
over 24.000m2.
In December 2012, VICONSHIP bought 10.120m2 of the adjacent land to increase total
used land area of GLC to 85.020 m 2. Besides, The Company signed lease for Joint Venture
future green star (Green Future Star GFS) with 30,000m2 parks to provide services to the
shipping company MSC.
In January 2013, GLC started business yards on the remaining area.
In February 2013, Project Board of VICONSHIP Group started work bonded + CFS
warehouses in phase 1 with a total area of 7.525 m2.
In September 2013, GLC completed warehouse construction in phase 1, they were
received license and started exploit CFS Bond warehouses with total area of 7.525 m 2. Then,
Company continued starting warehouse construction in phase 2 with 7.525 m2 of total land.
In February 2014, GLC completed warehouse construction and started exploit
warehouses in phase 2 rising total used warehouse areas to 15.050m 2. In addition, Company was
received the licenses for the establishment of checkpoints concentrated in GLC depot. GLC
completed all the procedures to become an island port (Inland Container Depot – ICD) that is
only in Hai Phong with operating licenses within three main fields: CFS warehouse, Bond
warehouse, Place of customs clearance outside of the ports.
By the end of 2014, GLC officially operated at full capacity. The production of
warehouse goods in monthly gained 40.000 m 3. The production of full containers and empty
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containers in yards is about 12,000 TEUs. Furthermore, GLC took back 10,000 m2 area yards
from GFS to up the container handling capacity for GLC yard area.
1.2.3 Functions
Transport of goods by road
Transport of goods by coastal and ocean
Warehousing and storage of goods
Loading and unloading of goods
Activity support services related to the exploitation of transport
Repairing fabricated metal products
Repairing machinery and equipment
Maintenance and repair of automobiles and other motor vehicles
Sales of spare parts and accessories of car and other motor vehicles
1.2.4 Organization
Director: Directors govern companies on behalf of the shareholder who elect them.
Directors must comply with basic legal requirements under the Corporations, which specify main
duties for directors with a number of other areas of key responsibility. Directs, supervises, and
coordinates the works of the staff. Perform other duties as Director, ES and higher headquarter
may direct.
Deputy Director: Keeping the Director and staff informed on information affecting the
unit. Represents the Director when authorized and acts in the absence of the Director. They see
to it that all plans, instructions, and directions of the Director are properly observed,
disseminated, and faithfully implemented. They prescribe the staff operating policies and
procedures.
Synthesis financial department: the department that manages and keep records of
personnel, social insurance books; monitoring the social insurance, employee health insurance of
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property. Besides, it tracks the salaries and allowances paid to employee monthly by regulations
of Directors and the Board of Management.
Figure 1.3: The organization map of Green Logistics Centre (GLC)
Operating department: the department that manages and controls the warehouseyard
system operations. Besides, this department builds up the operating cargo plans and arranges
employees to handle goods arrived to the company.
1.2.5 Facilities
With the goal of becoming a center of international large logistics, GLC business many
warehouse yard services and the afterport service with the all land area of 85.020m2, including:
Container yard of GFS rented in 3 years is 30.000m2.
Container yard exploited by GLC is 25.000m2.
17 electric forklifts in the warehouse operators.
05 diesel forklift in the yard operators.
30 handle forklift in warehouse operators.
02 reach stackers 45 tons in the yard operators.
01 sidelift forklifts 10 tons in yard operators.
06 container trucks and 16 trailers of 40fts
Bonded and CFS warehouse was built on modern international standards of Singapore
with a total area of 15.050m2. Warehouse was installed the lights, natural oxygen, heatproofing
and firefighting system, security cameras reached CTPAT standards, antitheft alarm system,
intrusion prevention, hydraulic dock system automatically adjusts the height at all cargo door,
Fourstages racking system with over 8 meters height and exploit entire plastic pallets lined up to
standards against moths, mildew. Storage Foundation designed lying on the concrete pile from
36m42m long stretched every 3m / collateral against subsidence, cracking and bearing 5T / m2
1.2.6 Orientation production operations
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Orientation production operations:
Following the competition increased, GLC leaders require continue enhancing to 10% the
marketing and 5% the customers by 2018. Besides, they search and find out the reasonable
incentives such as reducing documents, reducing the cost when have large quantity of stored
goods to take more customers for company.
The Research and plan establishment of a representative office of GLC in Hanoi purposing
take care of FWD, customers and representative factories in Hanoi, Bac Ninh, Bac Giang operate
in the hard competition context when Yusen, SITC, Nippon ... prepare to put into operation.
Company continues adding refrigerated containers, temporarily imported reexported goods
through bonded warehouses to increase 12% profits in 2020.
Seriously follow reducing costs plans which was submitted the CEO in 2010 about: costs of
customs procedures, costs of pulling the outside shell through Yard, transport rental costs, which
are decreased from 5% to 2%; utility costs, supply materials, repair vehicles costs, the costs of
VPP, meeting costs went to 3% in 2020.
Company will train the second job for staff to increase the effect of job rotation between
departments. Besides, they disseminate awareness of executing discipline and maintaining
equipment for employees of company in third quarter in 2015.
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CHAPTER 2. THE PROCEDURE OF RECEIVING IMPORTED GOODS TO BONDED
WAREHOUSED IN GREEN LOGISTICS CENTRE (GLC)
2.1 Bonded warehoused
2.1.1 Definition
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Figure 2.1: Bonded warehouse in Green Logistics Centre (GLC)
Bonded warehouse are store or site areas set up on the territory of Vietnam separated
with the adjacent area for temporary storing, keeping or carrying out a number of services
concerning goods brought in from abroad or from the country under bonded warehouse leasing
contracts signed between store owners and goods owners under the inspection and supervision of
the Customs.
Goods temporarily stored or preserved in bonded warehouses, if destined for export, are
those for which the customs procedures have been cleared for export: if brought from abroad,
they are goods awaiting further transport to other country(ies) or the clearance of procedures for
import into Vietnam, and not yet liable to import duty.
Bonded warehouse and all goods and vehicles entered, left or stored and preserved in
bonded warehouses shall be subjected to inspection, supervision, and management of the
customs authorities.
2.1.2 Characteristics of goods in bonded warehoused
Goods temporarily stored or preserved in bonded warehouses, if destined for export, are
those for which the customs procedures have been cleared for export: if brought from abroad,
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they are goods awaiting further transport to other country(ies) or the clearance of procedures for
import into Vietnam, and not yet liable to import duty. Goods owners shall be assured of
ownership over their goods left in bonded warehouses.
2.2 Responsibilities of the parties involved in the operation of bonded warehouse
2.2.1 Responsibilities of bonded warehoused owners
Any shifting of goods within a warehouse or from one warehouse to another shall
be notified to Bonded Warehouse Customs. Warehouse owners shall inform Bonded
Warehouse Customs before the performance thereof and be subject to Bonded
Warehouse Customs' supervision throughout the course of such performance.
Bonded warehouse owners shall open books for following up the taking out and
delivery of goods from warehouses according to the forms and the reporting and
recording regimes prescribed by the General Department of Customs.
Every year, warehouse owners shall make inventory of stocks outstanding in
bonded warehouses under Bonded Warehouse Customs' supervision. Every 06 months
and 1 year, bonded warehouse owners shall report to Bonded Warehouse Customs on the
operation of warehouses.
2.2.2 Responsibilities of bonded warehoused customs
Bonded warehouse customs is always present at the inspection, supervision and
management of goods brought into or out and retention of stored according to regulations of the
General Department of Customs. Bonded warehouse customs opens books to monitor and record
full import goods warehouse to ensure the goods brought into the warehouse and properly stored
product goods, the amount under the lease warehouse. They regular contact customs gate to
monitor the situation in the domestic transit for goods, warehoused. Every day, when the time of
work the end, Customs Bonded warehouse owners proceed with sealing all doors warehouse.
2.2.3 Responsibilities of goods owners (or forwarder)
Goods owners or forwarder must comply with all the provisions relating to all activities
of the bonded warehouse, provide sufficient information necessary for the shipment to the
warehouse owner and the customs authorities to collate, check and supervision. Goods brought
into bonded warehouses must correct the warehouse leases.
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2.3 The procedure of receiving imported goods to bonded warehoused in Green Logistics
Centre (GLC)
2.3.1 Diagram of process
*Note:
(1): Forwarders received documents related to goods from customers
(2a), (2b): Documentation Department conducts customs procedures of imported goods to
bonded warehouses. Then, forwarder will bring these records to the port to get goods in, also
report to Warehouse Management Department to plan for goods imported to bonded warehouse
(3a), (4a): Forwarder goes to the seaport to complete customs procedures for bringing goods in
bonded warehouses
(3b): Warehouse management Department plan prepared for goods imported to bonded
warehouse
(4b): Forwarder and Storekeeper delivery goods to bonded warehouse
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Figure 2.2: Diagram of the procedure of receiving imported goods to bonded warehoused in
Green Logistics Centre (GLC)
(5): Documentation Department completed customs procedures for goods imported to bonded
warehouse
(6): Report to customers that goods imported to bonded warehouse and invoice settlement with
them
2.3.2 Describe the process
a. Step 1
Forwarders received documents related to goods from customers (usually the customer will
inform Documentation Department send forwarder to obtain documents in their office)
B / L ( Bill of Lading) or SBL (Sea Way Bill) (Surrendered / original);
Invoice (original + copy);
Packing list;
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Certificate of Origin (C/O if available);
Other documents.
b. Step 2
When the goods arrive at the port, the carrier shall give notice and arrival to Documentation
Department or customer
Documentation Department gives B / L to Forwarding Department
Forwarding Department go to carrier to receive delivery orders
c. Step 3
Documentation Department based on these documents to do all of steps:
*Step 1:Making bonded warehouse lease between goods owners and bonded warehouse owners
=> Customs Branch signed (3 sets: goods owners, bonded warehouse owners and customs).
*Step 2: Making customs declaration of bonded warehouses => Registration opens declaration at
Customs Department.
The customs procedure staffs for imported goods have to produce Notice arrival,
manifest, B/L the letter of authorization when they go to ship authorities to get Delivery Order.
During this process, Staffs represent Forwarders pay fees: D/O, cleaning container fees and
accrued fees in case that Forwarder Company does not transfer the cost into account of shipping
office.
Staff needs to refer the delivery orders and official document of transporting the
container to private warehouse included customs declaration (01 original), bill of lading 01
(copy), 01 manifest
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Figure 2.3: The customs procedure
The customs staff checks the detail between report and documents. Three are 3 types of
cargos classified:
Green line: Customs Staff confirms customs clearance based on information of customs
declaration
Yellow line: Customs Staff will check documents before he/she confirms customs
clearance
Red line: Customs Staff will check the documents and actual situation before he/she
confirms customs clearance
*When the declaration are streamed in Red line, Documentation Department must do 2 steps:
Step 1: Give all documents related to goods to customs checks. After that, customs forward
documents to the goods inspection team
Step 2: Prepare merchandise available to customs officers check reality
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The customs staff confirms customs clearance and returns the customs procedure staffs
In Port, the tasks of staff are paying the loadingunloading fees. Then, port staff has to
check and compare the container number, seal number, gross weight… especially on description
of goods. In case, IMO (International Maritime Organization) was written in the description
meaning the container storages dangerous goods, staff must to pay 50% dangerous goods fee.
* Step 3: Making applications for transfer gate (transportimported goods from gate to
bonded warehouse) => Customs Department signed (two copies).
Figure 2.4: applications for transfer gate
d. Step 4
(4a) Documentation Department delivered customs documents to Forwarding Department
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01 application for transfer gate;
01 declaration bonded warehouses.
(4b) Documentation Department noticed and delivered to Warehouse Management Departement
customs documents (declarations, B / L, Invoice) all information about goods.
e. Step 5 : Forwarding Department do all steps:
Notification to transport department to prepare container trucks.
Making customs procedure at the gate
Delivery goods to container trucks (during reception, if detected disrepair, container
punctured, dented, must notify shippers,take photographs and make a report with the port
department to report to customer).
Send documents of goods to container truck driver or forwarder, and they bring them to
bonded warehouse (bonded warehouse declaration, goods delivery records of border customs,
other documents if available)
f. Step 6: Transporting goods to bonded warehouse
Driver or forwarder report to the guard
The Guard write container truck number, container number, time arrive at bonded
warehouse to monitor book
Driver or forwarder give documents of goods to warehouse management department
g. Step 7: Warehouse Management Department
The bonded warehouse manager checks again the unloading plan (preparing number of
workers operating container) to set the reasonable plan when customs procedure staff announce.
Besides, he/she notifies the forwarders the plans and invites inspectors and customs monitor.
Then, he/she has to show the detailed information of plan for employees included time, number
of stevedores, number of forklifts…
Warehousekeeper receives the manifest from customs Procedure staffs. Storekeeper,
inspectors, and customs monitor check number of seal, container situation with information in
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the bill of lading, manifest cargos before opening the container to operate. Next, storekeeper
takes photographs the situation of container and cargos during unloading containers.
Following the manifest and actual situation, warehousekeeper leads warehouse handlers
unloading and arranging. The goods are folded in plots, owners, types, loadingunloading
instruments.
The task of warehouse keeper counts and checks the shipping marks, volumes, number of
packages. In addition, he/she defines the cargo situation and confirms the case of losing cargo (if
available). After that, warehouse keeper builds up the operation records that are correct with
information of deed. Storekeeper and customs sign together.
In case of goods damaged, storekeeper musts stop immediately and promptly take
photographs to forwarders to coordinate handle.
Inspectors confirm the actual condition of the goods before and while drawn from
containers. When finish, they make the assessment report certified by storekeepers, customs
supervision, inspectors. Next, storekeeper receives the report to set up the imported cargo file.
Bonded warehouse workers have task about loading cargos on Pallets on the principles:
the heavy cargos under the light cargos. The cargos are neatly lined and cautiously bound to
avoid bad case.
The tasks of Forklift drivers are delivering cargo to correct place in warehouse schedule
through instrument of warehousekeeper. Drivers have to update the location of pallets on the
racking system. The location updating is recorded on pallet sheet attached, then sent to
Storekeepers to form a receiving cargo document. Keepers submit the statistics department when
finished
Especially on the process of operating goods into the warehouse, forklift drivers update
location and inform incurrent ... for storekeepers with VHF
Staffs of the statistics department receive entire documents from storekeepers after the
end of operating container to build up the report which is sent for Forwarders, warehouse
managers included information of imported goods in warehouse... Besides, they coordinate with
storekeepers inform cargo situation detected during the unloading process. Finally, statistics
staffs must update the goods location on monitoring notebook.
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