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Chapter 2, eBusiness Models
Outline
2.1
Introduction
2.2
Storefront Model
2.2.1
ShoppingCart Technology
2.2.2
Online Shopping Malls
2.3
Auction Model
2.4
Portal Model
2.5
DynamicPricing Model
2.5.1
NameYourPrice Model
2.5.2
ComparisonPricing Model
2.5.3
DemandSensitive Pricing Model
2.5.4
Bartering Model
2.5.5
Rebates
2.5.6
Offering Free Products and Services
2.6
B2B eCommerce and EDI
2.7
ClickandMortar Businesses
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
2.1 Introduction
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• In this chapter we explore the many business
models currently being implemented on the Web
Models include:
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The Storefront Model
The Auction Model
The Portal Model
The NameYourPrice Model
The Comparison Pricing Model
The Demand Sensitive Pricing model
The B2B Exchange Model
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
2.1 Introduction
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• eBusiness
– A company that has an online presence
• Ecommerce businesses allow customers to sell,
trade and barter over the Web
• A company’s policy, operations, technology and
ideology define its business model
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
2.2 Storefront Model
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• Storefront model enables merchants to sell
products on the Web
– Transaction processing, security, online payment,
information storage
• Ecommerce allows companies to conduct
business 24-by-7, all day everyday, worldwide
• An ecommerce storefront should include:
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Online catalog of products
Order processing
Secure payment
Timely order fulfillment
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
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2.2.1 Shopping Cart Technology
• Shopping Cart
– An order-processing technology allowing customers to
accumulate lists of items they wish to buy as they continue
to shop
• Shopping cart is supported by
– Product catalog
– Merchant server
– Database technology
• Combine a number of purchasing methods to give
customers a wide array of options
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2.2.2 Online Shopping Malls
• Wide selection of products and services
• Offers greater convenience than shopping at
multiple online shops
• Consumers can make multiple purchases in one
transaction
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2.3 Auction Model
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• Online auction sites
– Act as forums through which Internet users can logon and
assume the role of either bidder or seller
– Collect a commission on every successful auction
– Sellers post items they wish to sell and wait for buyers to bid
• Reserve price
– The minimum price a seller will accept in a given auction
• Reverse auctions
– Allow the buyer to set a price as sellers compete to match or
even beat it
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
2.3 Auction Model
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eBay home page. (These materials have been reproduced by Prentice Hall with
the permission of eBay, Inc. COPYRIGHT© EBAY, INC. All Rights Reserved.)
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
2.3 Auction Model
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Placing a bid on eBay. (These materials have been reproduced by Prentice Hall with
the permission of eBay, Inc. COPYRIGHT© EBAY, INC. All Rights Reserved.)
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
2.4 Portal Model
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• Portal sites
– Give visitors the chance to find almost everything they are
looking for in one place
• Horizontal portals
– Portals that aggregate information on a broad range of topics
– Yahoo!, AltaVista, Google
• Vertical portals
– Portals that offer more specific information within a single
area of interest
– WebMD, IMDB, FirstGov
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2.5 Dynamic Pricing Models
• The Web has changed the way products are priced
and purchased
• Comparison pricing model
– Web sites using shopping bot technology to find the lowest
price for a given item
• Demandsensitive pricing model
– Group buying reduces price as volume of sales increase
• Nameyourprice model
– Nameyourprice for products and services
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
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2.5 Dynamic Pricing Models
• Bartering Model
– Individuals and business trade unneeded items for items they
desire
– Ubarter.com, isolve.com
• Rebate Model
– Sites offer rebates on product at leading online retailers in
return for commission or advertising revenues
– eBates
• Free offering model
– Free products and services generate high traffic
– Freemerchant, Start Sampling, FreeSamples.com
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
B2B Ecommerce and EDI
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• B2B ebusiness
– The electronic business relationship between two or more
companies
• Traditional EDI uses a valueadded network or
VAN
– A closed network that includes all members of a production
process
• XML (eXtensible Markup Language)
– A development technology similar to HTML (Hypertext
Markup Language)
– Improves the compatibility between disparate systems,
creating new market opportunities
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
B2B Ecommerce and EDI
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• B2B ecommerce and the use of exchange sites
allow businesses to reach their markets faster and
more efficiently
• Lead time
– The time it takes to receive a product from a supplier after an
order has been placed
• Long lead times increase inventory costs, increase
worker stress levels and strain relationships
between the manufacturer and the supplier
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
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2.6 B2B Ecommerce and EDI
• JIT (justintime) inventory management
– Supplies arrive at the exact time they are needed, thereby
limiting any unnecessary inventory expense
• Enterprise Application Integration (EAI)
– The process of integrating traditional EDI systems with the
Web
• Businesstobusiness integrators (B2Bi)
– Companies that use XML and similar technologies to help
other companies integrate their current systems with the
Web
– www.excara.com, Webmethods.com, commerceone.com,
tibco.com, Freemarkets.com, mercator.com
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2.7 ClickandMortar Businesses
• Brickandmortar
– Companies that operate solely offline with traditional
business practices
• Clickandmortar
– Companies operating with both an online and offline
presence
• Click and mortar companies have brand
recognition, and an established customer base
– Barnesandnoble.com
– Bestbuy.com
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2.7 ClickandMortar Businesses
• Key benefits to automotive industry
– Combined supplier base
– Connects automobile manufacturers, dealers and consumers
in a single marketplace
– Decreases lead time and production costs
• Key benefits to electronics industry
– Provides access to thousands of components from hundreds
of electronic suppliers
– Provides ability to search by part number, product type or
manufacturer
– Increases competitive pricing
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
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2.7 ClickandMortar Businesses
• Key benefits to energy industry
– Provides real time pricing data on energy commodities
– Provides access to hundreds of energy commodities
– Allows regional energy providers to gain access to a
worldwide market
• Key benefits to food industry
– Reduced lead time preserves perishables
– Provides access to real time pricing data
– Online auction technology allows for alternative pricing
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
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2.7 ClickandMortar Businesses
• Benefits to chemical industry
– Access to millions of chemical products from thousands of
suppliers
– Integrated supply chains provide faster, more reliable
transactions
• Benefits to construction industry
– Contracting and subcontracting are made simpler by online
bidding
– Construction companies can find raw materials from
suppliers worldwide
2001 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.