Ebook Thuốc cổ truyền phòng, trị bệnh tăng huyết áp: Phần 2

MAU DON BI
Paeonia suffruticosa Andr
Ho Mao IUong - Ranunculaceae
• Dac diem thtfc vat

Cay cao lm -l,5m. La moc sole thirdng chia thanh
3 ld chet ; la chet giufa chia 3 thung ; cuong dai. Hoa
moc don doc of dau canh, hoa to, difdng kinh 15-20cm,
mau d6 , tim hodc trdng mui thom.
- Bp phan dung
Vo re - Cortex Paeoniae radicis
- Thanh phan hoa hoc
Trong r ! co glycosid goi la paeonolid chat nay bi
men thuy phan tao ra mot phenol goi la paeonol
C9 H 1 0 O3 ; con co paeoniforin, tinh dau 0,15-0,4%, hpp
chat sterol, glucose, arabiose, alcaloid va saponin.
- Tac dung sinh hoc
+ Mau don bi co tac dung ha dp tren dong vat thi
nghiem. Tac dung nay do chat paeonol gay ra. Co the
tiem tinh mach vdi lieu 80mg-120mg/kg the trong
cho ; hodc cho uong vdi lieu 0,15-lg/kg the trong, duy
tri lieu 3 tuan ; tac dung ha huyet ap ro ret. Ngoai
ra mau don bi cdn co tac dung gay sung huyet tuf cung ;
tir do diTa lai cong ndng dieu kinh cho vi thuoc.

91


+ Mau dcfn bi co tac dung tfc che nhieu loai vi khuan :
TrUc khuan mu xanh, dai tr&ng, tu cau vang, tnic khuan
thuong han, pho thudng him va mot so nam.

- Cong dung
Mau don bi dupe dung de tri b^nh tang huyet dp
dac biet tang huyet ap do gan ; benh xo cUng dong
mach day m a t ; tang nhan ap. Mau don bi con dupe dung
de chtfa cac benh chay mau nhu chay mau cam, tri huyet
non ra mau. Do cong nSng hoat huyet nen dupe dung
de dieu hoa kinh nguyet, cac benh be kinh tich huyet,
dau xUOng cot ma mo hoi khong thoat ra dupe.
- Chu y :
Can phan biet vi mau don bi vdi re cay hoa mau
don thudng trong or cac chua chien, lay hoa thd cung.

NGAI TU0NG (BINH VOI)
Stephania rotunda Lour.
Ho Tiet de - Menispermaceae.
- Dac diem thtfc vat

La day leo mau xanh. La hinh khien, moc sole ;
doi khi tron hay bau due. Hoa nho moc thanh tan. Hoa
due cai khac goc. Qua hinh cau ; khi chin co mau do,
trong co 1 hat. Binh voi co cu rat to, vo thudng mau
nau, xu xi. Cay binh voi thudng moc d vung nui da
92


voi, doi khi moc o ca dat pho bien la 0 Hoa Binh, Ha
Giang, Tuyen Quang.
- Bp phan dung
Than cu - Turber stephaniae Rotundae.
- Thanh phan hoa hoc

Trong cu cd chiia cac hpp chat ancaloid chinh
nhir L.tetrahydropalm atin (rotundin), roem erin.
Ngoai ra mot so loai binh voi khac cd chila cac hpp
chat cepharanthin, corytuberin, dicentrin, sinomenin,
sinoacutin...
- Tac dung sinh hoc
Ngai tiTpng cd tac dung ha huyet ap, an than, keo
dai giac ngu cua chuot khi dung kem vdi thuoc ngu
loai bacbituric.
Roemerin mot thanh phan trong ngai ti/png co tac
dung gay te niem mac, an than, gay ngu, gian mach
va ha huyet ap.
- Cong dung
Ngai ti/png co tac dung an than, dung cho ngirdi
mat ngu, neu mat ngu lau ngay dung kem vdi lac tien,
tam lien. Vdi ngirdi tang huyet ap, cd the ham ngai
tirpng uong hang ngay hoSc phoi hdp vdi cau dang
thien ma, cuc hoa. Ngoai ra con dung tri benh dong
kinh dien gian, ho hen, sot, dau bung, ly...
93


- Chu y :
+ Do nhu cau dung ngai tupng ngay c&ng nhieu nfin
viec khai thac gan day rat tuy ti?n ; dac bi?t ngudi
dan tu khai thac de ban ra nUdc ngoai ; do do can phai
co ke hoach bao ve va tai sinh cho cay thuoc nay.

+ Khi dung can got bo vo ngoai thdi lat mong, phoi
kho; hofic say kho (d nhi?t do 70°C) khi dung can sao qua.

+ Ngoai ra binh voi cdn dupe dung lam nguy&n lifu
chiet xuat rotundin 1dm thuoc an than "Rotunda".

NGHE RAM (RAU NGHE, THUY LIEU)
Polygonum hydropiper L.
Ho Rau rdm - Polygonaceae
- Dac diem thtfc v$t
Nghe thuoc loai than thao, song hang nfim ;
thudng tan lui vao mua dong, c&y cao khoang 50cm-lm
phan nhieu canh. La hinh m£c co cuong ngan ; be chia
mong. Hoa do moc thanh bong o dau canh hay ke la.
Cay moc hoang d bai hoang ven suoi, bd ruong
khap noi trong nUdc ta.
• Bp phan dung
Dung toan cay - Herba Polygoni hydropiperis c6
the dung tuoi hoac phoi kh6.

94


- Thanh phan hoa h oc
Cac hc/p chat flavonoid: Rutin, rhamnazin hyperin.
querectin, persicarin, isorhamnetin. Ngoai ra con co
cac chat oxymetylanthraquinon, acid polygonic, polygopiperin, vitamin K...
- T ac d u n g sinh h oc
+ Rau nghe co tac dung ha huyet ap
+ Thong tieu
+ Nhuan trang
+ Tang co bop tuf cung do chat polygopiperin
+ Giam tinh tham tang stfc chiu dang cua thanh

mach do cac hap chat flavonoid nhu rutin, quercetin,
vitamin K.
- C on g d u n g
Dung nghe lam thuoc san da, cam mau dung de
tri benh bang huyet, co the dung cao long 1 :1 rdi uong
theo giot 30-40 giot/ngay. Ngoai ra cdn dung lam thuoc
ha huyet ap, nhuan trang, thong tieu, chufa rdn cfin ;
lay la taai rufa sach gia uong ni/dc cot, ba d&p vao nai
ran can. Cdn dung lam thuoc chufa giun.
Can phan biet vdi loai nghe ong (nghe trau) la to
han, cd long bac, khong diipc dung vdi cong dung cua
cay thuy lieu noi tren.

95


NGl f U TA T
Achyranthes bidentata Blume.
Ho Rau gien - Amaranthaceae

■

Dac diem thtfc v|it

Cay thuoc thao, than manh, hai vuong. Ld moc doi
dai 5-12cm, rong 2-4cm phien 1a nguyen. Hoa moc
thanh bong a dau canh, hodc ke 1a ; hoa moc hudng
len phia tren, nhung khi thanh qua hudng quay xuong
dudi. Qua nang, la bdc con sot lai tao thanh cdc mui
nhon. NgUU tat dupe trong a nhieu nai de lam thuoc.

- Bp phan dung
Re - Radix Achyranthis bidentatae
- Thanh phan hoa hoc
Trong re ngtfu tat co saponin tritecpenic, phin
genin la acid oleanolic. Ngoai ra con co ecdysteron,
inokosteron, cac chat diTdng galactose, rhamnose, glu­
cose va muoi kali.
- Tac dung sinh hoc
+ NgUU tat co tdc dung ha huyet dp vai dong vat
da gay me.
+ Ha cholesterol trong mdu

96


+ Tac dung lpi tieu, lam giam sufc co bop cua tim
ech co lap, tic che co bop cua ta trang.
+ Co anh huting den sufc co bop cua tuf cung mot
so dong vat thi nghiem ; song khong on dinh.
• C on g d u n g
Dung ngi/U tat de chtia benh tang huyet ap phoi
hpp vdi tang ky sinh, hoa hoe, cau ddng thien ma.
Ngtiu tat con di/pc dung de ha cholesterol mau tren
lam sang ; tren 65% so benh nhan co cholesterol mau
cao deu co tac dung giam tot. NgiAi tat con co tac dung
lam giam ty le p/a lipoprotein mau ti 82% so benh
nhan co ty le p/a lipoprotein mau cao. Ngi/u tat con
dtipc dung de tri cac benh dau khtip cac khtip ltin bi
viem nhir khtip goi, khtip khuyu tay va cdc khtip khac
deu co hieu qua.

- Chu y
+ Can phan biet ngi/u tat vdi cay co xiftic (A.aspera)
hay cbn goi la ngdU tat nam, cay n&y moc hoang d
nhieu ndi, co hinh dang giong ngtiti tat, song re nho
hon, nhan dan cung dung re cay nay, doi khi ca cay
de chufa phong thap dau nhtic xiTdng cot ; co the dung
re cay nay de chufa benh bach hau bdng cach lay re
ngam vao rtidu ; dung rtipu nay nho true tiep vao
nhtfng mang gia tao ra khi benh bach hau or hong.

97


NHAU
Morinda Citrifolia L. Ho Cd phe - Rubiaccae
- Dac diem thtfc vat
Cay nhau thuoc loai cay nhd cao do 5-9m than
nhdn, mpc hoang noi am thap ; canh to. La moc doi
hinh bau due rong co mui nhon ng£n dai 12-30cm, rpng
6-15cm bong loang.
Hoa trdng hpp thanh dau, diidng kinh 2-4cm. Qua
nac, gom nhieu qua mong nho mau vang nhat bong.
Ruot qua co mot ldp com mem chinh giufa co mot nhan
cuTng. Cay mpc nhieu a mien Nam ni/dc ta.
• B q phan dung
Re, qua la vo cay - Radix, semen, folium et cortex
Morindae Citrifolidae.
- Thanh phan hoa hoc
Re chufa anthraquinon, mot glycosid goi la morindin.
H on hpp anthraglycosid nhii dam nacantal, 1m eth oxy ru b ia zin , m orid on , l-oxy-2-3-dimetoxyanthraquinon, la chufa moridin.

- Tac dung sinh hoc
+
+
+
+

83

Ha huyet ap
Nhuan trang nhe va ben
Diu than kinh giao cam
Lpi tieu


- C on g du n g
Re duac dung lam thuoc chufa tdng huyet ap. Dao
lay re rufa sach, thai phien, phoi hodc say kho, sao
vang sdc hodc ham uong dudi dang che de chufa cao
huyet ap. Lieu dung hang ngay 30-40g. Moi lieu trinh
do 2 tuan, sau nghi 1 tuan lai tiep tuc vai ba lieu trinh
nufa. Nen theo doi thirdng xuyen huyet ap khi dieu tri.
Ngoai ra dung qua an de nhuan trang, tri ho hen, benh
bach ddi cua phu nuf, gan day con dung chufa dai dirdng.
La nhau 1dm thuoc chufa ly, la chay, cam sot, hodc
gia nat ddp vet thirong cho nhanh len da non. Vo cay
dung nau niTdc lam thuoc bo cho phu nuf sau khi de.
Ngirdi ta con dung re nhau lam thuoc chufa phong thap,
dau nhufc gan xirong.

NHAN SAM

Paxax ginseng C.A.Mey (P.schinseng Nees).
Ho Ngu gia bi - Araliaceae
- D ac d ie m thtfc vsjt
Cay nhan sam la cay thao, song nhieu nam cao
chiTng 0,6m. La moc vong, cuong dai 1a kep gom nhieu
ld chet moc thanh hinh chan vit, khi cay mdi dirge mot
tuoi thi chi co 1 la vdi 3 1a chet, cay 2 tuoi cung van
chi co 1 1a kep nhi/ng co 5 1a chet, khi cay co 5 tudi
trd len thi cd 4-5 1a kep va so 1a chet se la 5 1a hodc
99


6 la. Nhii vay co the cSn cijf vao so la tren cay co the
biet tuoi cua nhan sam. Cu cua nhan sam (tufc \A re
nhan sam) thi/dng co hinh ngudi, do vay ma no mang
ten nhan sam.
Sam moc hoang d vung nui phia Bdc cua Trieu
Tien, vung nui giap ranh vdi Nam Trieu Tien nhan
sam m oc hoang cd ten khoa hoc Panax ginseng
C.A.Mey, forma sylvestre chao ets Shih. Cf Vi£t Nam,
tren nui Ngoc Linh (khu 5) cung co moc mot loai sam
vdi ten khoa hoc Panax Vietnamensis Ha et Grushv.
d nhieu ni/dc tren the gidi co trong sam nhi/ Trieu
Tien ; d&c biet d Nam Trieu Tien (Han Quoc), Trung
Quoc. Loai nhan sam trong co ten khoa hoc Panax gin­
seng C.A.Mey, forma sativum chao et Shih.
/
Hoa cua nhan sam cd mau xanh nhat. Hoa di/dc
dinh tren mot cum hinh tan moc d dau canh. Qua mong
hoi det ; khi chin cd mau do, trong chufa 2 hat.

- Bp phan dung
Re - Radix Ginseng
- Thanh phan hoa hoc
+ Thanh phan quan trong va co gia tri nhat trong
nhan sam la cac hop chat saponin tritecpenoid : Protopanaxadiol va protopanaxatriol.
+ Cac hop chat vitamin nh6m B,B1,B2, cac phy­
tosterol
100


* T ac d u n g sinh h o c
+ Nhan sam tac dung ha huyet ap (lieu cao) tren
dong vat thi nghiem. Tuy nhien d lieu thap co xu hudng
tdng huyet ap. Tren thuc te co 2 giai doan nang va
ha huyet ap
+ Ha difdng huyet nhUng khong thay the duoc in­
sulin
+ Xuc tien tong hop acid nucleic
+ Giam cholesterol cua huyet thanh chuot thi
nghiem
+ Tac dung chong stress va tdng kha nang nhan
biet va tri nhd cua chuot thi nghiem.
+ Tdng bai nieu va kem thai ure
+ Tac dung ha sot giam dau ; tdng tdc dung kich
due vd kich thich mien dich
- Cong dung
Nhan sam la thuoc bo khi dlu vi, dUUc dung khi
ngudi met moi yeu dt, da xanh xao, kem dn, k6m ngu,
doi vdi ngudi huyet ap tdng d mUc do vUa phai ma co
the gay yeu met moi van co the dung sam tot. Song

d nhtfng ngudi huyet ap qua tdng thi khong nen dung
- Chu y :
+ Doi vdi ngudi bi ia chay khong dung
+ Doi vdi ngudi the han, nen chich vdi nUdc gtfng.

101


RAU MA (TICH TUYET THAO)
Centella assiatica (L) Urban. Ho Hoa tan - Apiaceae
- Dac diem thtfc v^t

La loai than thao moc bo lan tren mat dat, than
co mau, ti/ do co cac re. La nho tron, co rdng ci/a, c6
cuong dai ; tren co gan xuat phdt tCf goc la. Hoa tu
xim moc d ke ld gom 1 den 5 hoa nho. Qua det, rau
md moc hoang d moi ndi trong nUdc ta ; co the thu
hai de lam thuoc va lam rau dn.
- Bp phan dung
Toan cay - Herba Centellae ; co the dung tifcri hodc kho.
- Thanh phan hoa hoc
Trong rau md co cdc hap chat saponosid, asiaticosid , ca c h gp ch a t m a d ecassosid , brahm osid,
thankunisid, isothankunisid, thankunicacid, acid asiatic, acid brahmic acid isobrahmic, vitamin C, sterol.
- Tac dung sinh hoc
+ Tac dung ha huyet ap tren cho da gay me vdi
lieu lO-lOOmg/kg the trong .
+ Ni/dc sdc lam giam nhu dong ruot tho va chuot
cong co lap vdi nong do doi khang vdi acetylcholin.
+ tfc che true khuan mu xanh, trUc khuan bien
hinh, tu cau vang.

102


- C on g d u n g
Dung nude ep tUdi hodc nude sac chufa tdng huyet
ap, dau dau hoa mat chong mat, con dung de chUa ho
lao, ho do phe nhiet, ho khan, ho lau ngay, ho ga, chUa
viem hong, viem amidan, dau mat do, viem gan hoang
dan (viem gan co the phoi hop vdi nhan tran).
Ngoai ra con dung rau ma, chUa tieu do phu ne,
Id ngtfa ngoai da, phu ntf dau bung kinh.
- Chu y :
+ Can phan biet vdi cay rau ma long ve hinh dang
giong cay rau ma, song tren mat la co long min ; co tinh
dau, cho mui thdm, moc d Tam Dao, dung chu yeu de
chufa cam, chtfa ho. Cay rau ma md, la nho bong mUdt
(Hydrocotyle rotundifolia Roxb - nhan dan dung toan cay
nay de chtfa benh gan hoac cay rau ma la rau muong
(Emilia sonchifolia L . Ho Cue - Asteraceae, dung chtfa
mun nhot, chtfa ho, hoac chtfa dau mat, hoac cay rau ma
ngo polygonum perfoliatum L . Ho Rau ram-Polygonaceae
de chtfa ran cdn hoac chtfa mun nhot.

SEN
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn
Ho Sen - Nelumbonaceae

- Dac diem thtfc v£t
Sen la cay moc dudi nUdc. La cd cuong dai, cd gai ;

phien la hinh khien, dudng kinh 50-80cm cd gan. Hoa

103


mau trang hoac hong, luPng tinh ; nhieu nhi ; nhieu
la noan rdi nhau dung trong mot de hoa loe ra goi la
guong sen hay lien phong.
Qua chuTa mot hat. Cay sen dupe trong hau het 0 cac
dia phuong trong nUcfc ta de lam thuoc va thifc pham.
• B q phan dung
Ha diep (la sen) - Folium Nelumbinis
Tam sen - Embryo Nelumbinis
Lien nhuc - Semen Nelumbilis
Lien ngau - Rhizoma Nelumbilis...
- Thanh phan hoa hoc
+ Trong Id sen alcaloid toan phan khoang 0,770,84% bao gom : Nuciferin, nor-nuciferin, roemerin,
anonain, O-norciferin, armepavin, N-nor-amepavin,
metyl-corlaurin dehydro-roemerin, vitamin C, acid
oxalic, acid succinic.
+ Trong lien tam chtfa nhieu alcaloid nhu liensimin, isoliensimin, neferin, lotusin.
- Tac dung sinh hoc
Alcaloid toan phan cua la sen co tac dung an than
ha ap. Rieng la sen nude sac la m tang huyet ap cho.
+ Hiep dong vdi thuoc ngu pentobarbital tren chuot
104


+ Uc che tuf cung co lap cua chuot (ke ca chuot
co thai)

- Cong dung
Dung alcaloid toan phan lam thuoc ha ap. LA sen
tuoi co tAc dung giai thtf, chufa cam n^ng. Sao chay
co iAc dung dim mau, dung trong cAc trUdng hop tri
xuat huyet, mdu cam... vdi tac dung nay cdn dung ca
gUOng sen (sao chay) tua sen (chi nhi), lien ngau. Rieng
lien ngau (ngo sen) cdn dung nau vdi mong gid Ion.
Lien tam cd tac dung an than nen dung cho cac trUdng
hc/p mat ngu cd the phoi hop vdi lac tien, ngai tuong.
Lien nhuc tac dung an than, co' tinh chtfa di tinh mong
tinh, mat ngu.

SOI
Sapium sebiferum (L.) Roxb
Ho Thau ddu - Euphorbiaceae

- Dac diem thtfc v£t

Cay soi moc hoang d nhieu dia phuong trong nUdc
ta. Cay cao ttf 6-15m. La so le hinh qua tram. Hoa don
tinh mau trSng vang hay vang. Hoa cai d goc, hoa due
d tren. Mua hoa ttf thdng 6-8. Qua hach hinh cau cd
3 hat.

105


- B q phan d u n g
Vo re - Cortex Radicis, vo than va la
Cortex et Folium Sapii Sebiferi

- Thanh phan hoa hoc
Vo re chtfa chat xanthoxilin va acid tanic
- Cong dung
- Loi tieu, tieu phu thung, tri t&ng huyet ap. Thong
qua loi tieu de ha ap. Co the dung 15g re sSc uong.
Cach che nhu sau: Lay re tuoi hodc kho, cao bo ldp
vo tho ben ngoai, sao kho. Vdi tac dung ha ap, con
co the dung la tuoi, gia v&t lay nUdc cho uong.
- Chtfa phu thung do benh co trUdng, bang bi, dai
tien khong thong, dung re sdi sdc uong nhu tren.
- Ngoai ra con dung la sdi de chtfa benh san mdng,
dung 8-30g la soi s&c uong uong lien 20-30 ngay ; hofic
dung de giai doc, vdt lay dich la tuoi uong.

SON TRA (TAO MEO)
Docynia indica (Mall) Dcc. Ho Hoa hong - Rosaceac
- Dac diem thufc v^t

La loai cay go cao 5-6m ; cay non canh co gai. LA
da dang ; a cay non, la moc so le xe 3-5 thuy; mep co

106


rdng cua khong deu. O thdi ky trUdng thanh la lai co
hinh bau due mep nguyen hodc chi hoi co rang cUa.

Hoa mau trdng. Qua hinh cau thuon dudng kinh
2cm-3cm khi chin co mau vang luc. Thudng moc hoang
hodc trong a Lao Cai, Yen Bdi, Lai Chau.

- Bp phan dung
Qua - Fructus Docyniae
- Thanh phan hoa hoc
Trong qua co cac acid hUu cd (acid tactric, citric)
vitamin C, tamin, dudng.
- Cong dung
Sdn tra ducrc dung lam thuoc tri tdng huyet ap va
benh tim mach co thdt dong mach vdnh, tim dap nhanh
dung dudi dang cao long hodc dang con thuoc hodc dang
thuoc sdc vdi lieu 4-8g trong ngay. Sdn tra con dUdc dung
lam thuoc tieu dao, kich thich tieu hoa, dn ngon com.
Tang sUc de khang cua cd the. Ngoai ra con dung trong
benh be kinh lau ngay, ly ra mau mu.
- Chu y ;
+ Khi qua chin, hai ve bo ra phdi kho
+ Hoa sdn tra cung co the dung de tri benh cao
huyet ap va tim mach.

107


TANG BACH BI (VO RE DAU)
C ortex M ori radicis

- Dac diem thufc vat
La vo re cua cay dau. Sau khi dao lay re cdt bo
re con, rufa sach ; cao bo ldrp bdn mau vang ben ngoai
de lo ldp vo lua trdng (bach) ben trong dung de lam
thuoc.
- Thanh phan hoa hoc

Trong re co cac hop chat flavonoid : Mulberin, mulberrochromen, cyclomulberin, cyclomulberrochromen,
acid betulinic
- Tac dung sinh hoc
+ Tac dung ha ap ro ret, vdi lieu 3-10mg/kg tho
da gay me va tiem thuoc vao tinh mach.
+ Tac dung ufc che tim ech co lap
+ Tac dung gian mach tai tho
+ Hung phan ruot va tuf cung tho co lap
- Cong dung
Dung tang bach bi de chufa ho do phe nhiet, phoi
hop vdi dia cot bi, cam thao. Dung tot cho nhufng ngifdi
the tang tang huyet ap bi ho ; hodc tdng huyet ap do
than. Ngoai ra con dung tang bach bi cho ngirdi bi tieu

108


tien it do, phoi hop vdi dau do, kim tien thao, sa tien
thao, hodc dung cho ngudi tieu di/dng cung dat hieu
qua nhat dinh.
- Chu y:
+ Khi dung tri ho, ngudi ta thtfdng chich tang bach
bi vdi mat ong hoSc dudng do.
+ Khong dung cho nhufng ngudi bi ho d the han
(ho do lanh, ho co ddm trdng loang).

TANG KY SINH (TAM Glfl CAY DAU)
Lorantlius parasiticus L. Merr. Ho Loranthaceae
• Dac diem thtfc vat

La nhufng bui cay bam ky sinh tren cay dau tdm
than co nhieu lo bi mau trdng. La moc doi hodc so le;
phien la hinh bau due dai 3-8cm, rong 2,5-5cm ; dau
la tron tu ; la co gan phu manh, la co cuong hoa mau
hong tim, tu thanh tan d nach la, moi nhom co 3 hodc
2 hoa. Qua mong dai 8mm, co mot hat, ra hoa vao
thang 1-3.
- Bq phan dung
La nhtfng doan than canh co la - Ranuchus Loranthi parasitici
- Thanh phan hoa hoc
Ttf tang ky sinh thay c6 cdc hgp chat flavonoid ;
trong d6 co avicularin ngoai ra cdn co tanin, antragly109


cosid, acid hufu co va glycosid tim. Tuy nhien vipc
nghien cufu hoa hoc 0 tang ky sinh cho den nay chi/a
co nhieu tai lieu noi tdi.
- Tac dung sinh hoc
+ Vdi lieu 2g cao long 1 :1 cho 1kg the trang cho
da gay me bdng thiopental, cho tac dung ha ap sau
15 phut (giam 17% vd keo dai 4 gid lien vdi do giam
20%) thdi diem ha manh nhat la td phut thd 30 den
phut 60 giam den 29%, so vdi doi chufng. Tuy nhien
khong lam anh hudng den tan so va bien do ciia tim.
- Dich chiet tang ky sinh con lam gian mach tai
tho va lam gian co tron cua ruot thd co lap.
- Keo dai giac ngu cua chuot thi nghiem khi phoi
hop vdi hexobarbital.
- Qua thiic nghiem thay rdng tang ky sinh hoan
toan khong doc.

- Cong dung
Tang ky sinh duoc dung de tri tang huyet ap vdi
tinh chat nay thu lay tang ky sinh. ch$t thanh khuc
nho phoi kho ; khi dung ham hodc sdc uong hang ngay,
co the phoi hop vdi cau ddng, ngifu tat, hoa hoe. Ngoai
ra con dung tri benh te phong thap nhufc xi/ong cot,
dau day than kinh ngoai bien, day than kinh toa...
phoi hop vdi doc hoat, phong phong, bach chi... cdn
dung de thuc sura sau de hodc chufa dpng thai, tang ky

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sinh phoi hop vdri ngai diep sao vang vdi cao ban long,
sdc uong.
- Chu y .
+ Hien nay tang ky sinh kha hiem, vi ngudi ta
trong dau thudng hai bo di ; do do co the thu hai a
cdc loai tam gufi a mot so cay chu khdc nhu cay budi,
cay chanh, cam, hong, mft co gao. Qua nghien ctfu so
bQ thay thanh phan hod hoc, cdc hop chat flavonoid
cua chung tuong tu nhau ; do do co the dung chung
nhu dung tang ky sinh. Tuy nhien khong nen dung
tam gufi tren cac cay chu doc nhu thong thien, true
dao... vi chUa co nhUng tai lieu nghien cUu sau ve cdc
loai nay.
+ Hien nay vi tang ky sinh co ban tren thi trUdng
duoc cdc phong chan tri YHCT van dung gom cac loai
tam gufi tren cac cay chu khdc nhau.

TAO TA
Zizyplius jujuba Lamk. Ho Tdo ta - Rhamcaceae
• Dac diem thrfc v£t

Cay tao thuoc loai cay nho, co gai. La hinh bau
due, mdt tren xanh luc, nhdn, mdt dudi co long, mep
c6 rdng cUa nong ; co 3 gan doc theo chieu la. Hoa
trdng moc thanh xim d ke ld. Qua hach, vo ngoai nhdn,
mau vang xanh ; vo qua giUa day. Hach cufng, ben

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trong chufa mot nhan. Cay tao di/oc trong o khAp moi
noi de lay qua an va lam nguyen lieu thuoc.
- Bp phan dung
Qua, nhan, la tao-Fructus, Folium et semen Zizyphi
- Thanh phan hoa hoc
+ Qua tao chufa nhieu acid htfu co. Acid oxalic, cit­
ric, malic, sucxinic vdi ham li/ong cao 0,54-3,4% ; ham
li/ong protid cao, nhieu acid amin nhi/ cystin, arginin,
treonin, methiomin, phelylalanin, leucin, vitamin P, C,
cac nguyen to kim loai nhu magie, canxi, photpho, s5t,
mangan, cac chat di/dng glucose fructose, rhamnose 3445%.
+ Trong la chuTa rutin, quecxetin, berberin.
+ Trong tao nhan co phytosterol, saponin jujubosid
A,B, acid betulinic, betulin.
- Tac dung sinh hoc
+ Tac dung ha huyet dp, di/oc giai thich b&ng sti
phoi hop thich hop theo ty le nhat dinh giiifa vitamin

P va C co trong qua tao.
+ Tac dung loi tieu
+ La co tac dung khang sinh
- Cong dung
+ Qua tao di/oc suf dung de dieu hoa vk ha huyet
ap tot. Vitamin F co trong qua giup cho mau lanh benh

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het m§t moi, nhtfc dau vd ngu ngon. Con dung cho
nhufng ngirdi mdc chufng tim mach trong thdi ky bi phu.
Dich ni/dc sdc 10-20% cua qua dung tri chufng de non ;
dieu tri nhiem doc 3 thang cuoi cua thdi ky thai nghen
lam giam lifang protein trong ni/dc tieu ; hodc dung
de an thai khi de doa de non...
Ngodi ra do co nhieu nguyen to vi lifong, coban trong
qua, tao kha ndng ufng dung dieu tri benh thieu mau.
+ La tdo co tac dung long ddm, tri ho hen va co
tdc dung hut mu trong cdc nhot doc
+ Tdo nhan sao den co tdc dung an than gay ngu
di/gc dung nhieu trong cdc benh mat ngu, benh tinh
thdn kinh.
- Chu y
+ Can phan biet vdi cay tdo rdng, moc hoang Rhamnus crenatus Sieb, dung vo re kho ngam n/Ou
chufa hdc lao, chtfa lang ben, ngtfa ld.

TAC KE
Gekko gekko L. Ho Tdc ke - Gekkonidae
• Dac diem vi thuoc

Tdc k6 la dong vat thuoc loai bo sat, co chieu dai
than 17-20cm duoi dai 12-15cm. Dau bep 3 canh, mdt
co con ngi/cfi thdng dtfng ; c6 4 chan moi chan co 5

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ngon, c6 mang noi cac ng6n chan. Dau. lung va duoi
co cac vay nho hinh hat tr6n hodc nhieu canh co nhi£u
mau sac : xanh, den, xanh nhat, do... Mau sac nay giup
tSc ke co the phu hop vdi mau sfic cua moi trUdng xung
quanh. Tac ke de trtfng vko thdng 5-10. Tdc ke phan bo
nhieu d cac tinh Ha Bac, Yen Bai, Lao Cai, Cao Bang...
- B q phan dung
Toan con, bo phu tang, bo phan dau mat va cac
ban chan.
- Thanh phan hoa hoc
Tac ke chuTa nhieu chat bdo, nhieu acid amin :
Leuxin, sy ste in , tre o n in , a la n in , v a lin , prolin ,
isoleuxin, phenylalanin, histidin, acid glutamic aid
aspartic, acginin, lysin, serin.
- Tac dung sinh hoc
+ Tac dung ha huyet ap tren cho da gay me
+ Kich thich tang trUdng luc, tang bien do ruot tho
co lap.
+ Lam tang hong cau va huyet sac to
- Cong dung
Tac ke la vi thuoc bo than duong giup cho hoat
dong sinh due nam. Tac ke dung tot trong trUdng hop

than hu ma huyet ap tang ; ngoai ra con dung tot cho
cac trUdng hop viem phe quan man tinh ; hen phe
quan, ho hap kho khan.

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- Chu y :
- Can chu y nhiet do phoi say thich hgp de tranh
bi oi thoi.
- Duoi tSc ke chufa nhieu acid amin, co vi ngon va
ngay, sau mot de pha huy can bao quan ky.
- Doi vdi ngddi than hu, cao huyet ap nen che dudi
dang bot, ngay dung 4-8g.

TE THAI (CAI TE THAI HOA)
Capsella bursa - pastoris (L.) Medic.
Ho Cai - Cruciferaceae
- Dac diem thtfc v£t
Cay thao cao 15-40cm, co the song 1-2 nam ; than
chia ra canh nho. La co cuong ; la d goc thudng xe
sau ; phan ngon la hdi nhon, dai l-2cm, rong 2mm.
Hoa tu or nach la hoac d ngon; hoa nho 4 canh hoa,
mau tr&ng. Qua giac det, 3 gach hoac hinh tim ngugc.
Ra hoa vao thang 3-4 thdi ky ra qua thang 5-6.
- Bp phan dung
Toan cay - Herba Capsellae
- Thanh phan hoa hoc
Co acid fumaric, acid oxalic, malic co dudng malose,
lactose, acid amin, glucosamin, sorbitol ; co flavonoid,

rutin, hesperidin, diosmin, glycosid, sinigrin.

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