Cấu trúc và bài tập câu đảo ngữ

INVERSION

(CÂU ĐẢO NGỮ)

Trong tiếng anh đảo ngữ thường được sử dụng với mệnh đề nhấn mạnh thường gặp dạng đảo trạng từ lên
đầu câu
Eg: She never eats out==> Never does she eat out
I) Đảo từ với câu điều kiên
1. Đảo từ với câu điều kiện loại 1
a) Câu điều kiện loại 1 có sử dụng “ should” thay hiện tại không xác định chỉ khả năng xáy ra ít hơn ở tương
lai. Đảo “should” lên đầu câu thay “If”
Eg: If it should rain tonight, I will stay at home
==> Should it rain..........
b) Điều kiện loại 1 có sử dụng thời hiện tại hoàn thành
Lấy “should” thay “If” sao đó để nguyên thể hoàn thành với “have done” ở tất cả các ngôi
Eg: If she has finished the work, she can go home
==> Should she have finished ..........
2. Điều kiện loại 2
a) Mệnh đề điều kiện loại 2 có dùng động từ “tobe” ở số nhiều “were” dùng “were” thay”if”
Eg: If I were you, i would love him
==> Were I you.................
b) Trong mẫu câu điều kiện loại 2 đặc biệt có dùng “If” đầu câu ( nếu không phải vì................. “were” khỏi
“not’’sau đó đảo lên đầu câu thay “if”)
Eg: If it weren’t for your progress, i wouldn’t be here
==> Were it not your ....
c) Mẫu câu điều kiện loại 3 đặc biệt
If + S+ were+ to do
Thay động từ ở quá khứ của mệnh đề điêu kiện loại 2
Eg: If i were to speak.......
==> Với mẫu câu này đảo “were” lên đầu câu thay “If”
3. Điều kiện loại 3

a) Dùng “Had” đảo lên đầu câu thay “If”
Eg: If she had worked harder last year, she wouldn’t have failed the exam
==> Had she worked harder last year............
b) Câu điều kiện loại 3 đặc biệt đi với đại từ “it” đầu câu
If it hadn’t been for + N ==> Nếu không phải vì.......
==> Tách “had” ra khỏi “not” đảo lên đầu câu thay “If”
Eg: If it hadn’t been for hot weather,we would have had a wonderful holiday
==> Had it not been for............................

1


c) Mệnh để điều kiện loại 3 đặc biệt có sử dụng” were to have done” thay quá khứ hoàn thành
Eg; If she had driven carefully, she wouldn’t have cause the accident
==> If she were to have driven......
Đảo “were” lên đầu câu thay “If”
==> Were she to have driven….
II. CASES OF INVERSION (Những trường hợp đảo ngữ)
1. Inversions take place after some negative adverb such as: little (một ít), nowhere (không một nơi nào), no
longer (không còn nữa), in vain (vô ích), not until (mãi đến khi), never (không bao giờ), never again (không
bao giờ nữa), never before (không bao giờ nữa), seldom = rarely, hardly (gần như không, khó mà), not for
one minutes (không một phút nào)...
Example:
- He said little about it. => Little did he say about it.
- Nowhere you can enjoy delicious dishes like here. => Nowhere can you enjoy delicious dishes like here.
- No longer will he work here.
- In vain did they look for the missing people.
- Not until I came home did I realize that I had lost everything.
- Not until she left did I know that she had been very important for me.
- I will never forgive him. => Never will I forgive him

- Never again will I meet him.
- Never before have I seen this film (present perfect)
- She rarely makes a mistake => Rarely does she make a mistake.
- I hardly meet her nowadays. => Hardly do I meet her nowadays.
- Not for one minute do we feel peaceful.
- Not for one minute did she forger about it/him.
2. Inversions are used in emphasizing cases.
- I like it (normal) => Do I like it (emphasizing case)
- I slept well last night. => Did I sleep well last night.
- He loves her => He does love her.
3. Inversions are used in some conditional sentences.
- If I were the judge, I’d sentence him to death. => Were I the judge, I’d sentence him to deat h.
- If I weren’t rich, I wouldn’t help you. => Were I not rich, I wouldn’t help you.
- If I had taken his advice, I’d have succeeded
been successful.
=> Had I taken his advice, I’d ......
- If I had been flying to New York at that time, I’d have died .
=> Had I been flying to New York .....

2


- If you hadn’t helped me, I wouldn’t have known how to solve it.
=> Had you not helped me, I wouldn’t have known how to solve it.
- If I hadn’t stayed up late last night, I wouldn’t be tired now.
=> Had I not stayed up late last night, I wouldn’t be tired now.

4. Inversions are used in questions.
- Do you like it?
- Have you had dinner yet?

- Will you go there tomorrow?
- Are you listening to me?
5. Inversions are used after some conjunctions such as:
- Hardly .... when
- Scarcely .... when (Ngay khi....)
- No sooner .... when
Hardly had I gone to bed when the phone rang.
No sooner had I left my house than it began to rain.
6. Inversions are used in some phrases with “only”
- Only when (chỉ khi)
- Only if (chỉ nếu mà) + Clause
- Not only (không những)
(conjunctions)
- Only by (prep) (Chỉ bằng cách) + Clause
Ex:
+ Only when you grow up can you understand it.
+ Only if you tell me the truth can I forgive you.
+ Not only does he study well, but also he sings well.
+ Only by studying hard can you pass this exam.
7. Inversions are used in some phrases with “no”
- In no way (không bằng cách nào cả)
- At no time (chưa bao giờ)
- On no account (không vì một lý do gì)
- In/under no circunstances (cho dù thế nào cũng không)
Ex:
- In no way can you refuse to answer my question.
- At no time have I come there.
- On no account can you treat her badly like this.

3

- In no circunstances will I betray you (Phản bội)
- In no circunstances will I leave you alone (để bạn một mình)
8. Inversions are used with “not a” and “many a”
- Not a word did she say.
- Not a letter have I received from her.
- Many a rose did he give her
- Many a book has he read.
9. Inversions take place after “here” and “there”
- There comes our mother
- Here comes singer My Tam.
10. Inversions are used with “so” and “neither”
- I’m a student; I’m a student, too <=> So am I.
- I’m not a student; I’m not a student, either <=> Neither am I.
- She likes music; He likes music, too <=> So does he.
- She doesn’t like music; He doesn’t like music, either <=> Neither does he.
- I didn’t sleep well last nigh; She didn’t sleep well last night, either <=> Neither did she.
- I haven’t seen it ; I haven’t seen it, either <=> Neither have I.
* Notes:
Nếu trong câu đầu tiên có chứa một số trạng từ phủ định như hardly, seldom, rarely, never thì để diển đạt sự
tương tự người ta dùng either hoặc neither (không dùng so và too).
- I hardly meet her nowadays; He hardly meet her nowadays, either <=> Neither does he.
. Nhóm từ: So, Such
Câu đảo ngữ có chứa “So” mang cấu trúc như sau:
So + tính từ + to be + Danh từ …
Ví dụ:
• So strange was the situation that I couldn't sleep.
(Tình huống này kì lạ khiến tôi không thể ngủ được).
• So difficult is the test that students need three months to prepare.

(Bài kiểm tra khó tới mức mà các sinh viên cần 3 tháng chuẩn bị).
Câu đảo ngữ có chứa “Such” mang cấu trúc như sau:
“Such + to be + Danh từ +…”
Ví dụ:
• Such is the moment that all greats traverse.
(Thật là thời khắc trở ngại lớn lao).

4


• Such is the stuff of dreams.
(Thật là một giấc mơ vô nghĩa).
III.7. Câu đảo ngữ
Trong một số trường hợp các phó từ không đứng ở vị trí bình thường của nó mà đảo lên đứng ở đầu câu
nhằm nhấn mạnh vào hành động của chủ ngữ. Người ta gọi đó là câu đảo ngữ. Trong trường hợp đó ngữ
pháp sẽ thay đổi, đằng sau phó từ đứng đầu câu là trợ động từ rồi mới đến chủ ngữ và động từ chính:
Ví dụ:
Little did I know that he was a compulsive liar.
At no time (= never) did I say I would accept late homework.
1. Câu đảo ngữ có chứa trạng từ phủ định:
Nhìn chung, câu đảo ngữ thường được dùng để nhấn mạnh tính đặc biệt của một sự kiện nào đó và thường
được mở đầu bằng một phủ định từ.
•

Nhóm từ: never (không bao giờ), rarely (hiếm khi), seldom (hiếm khi).

Câu đảo ngữ chứa những trạng từ này thường được dùng với động từ ở dạng hoàn thành hay động từ khuyết
thiếu và có thể chứa so sánh hơn.
Ví dụ:
Never have I been more insulted!

(Chưa bao giờ tôi bị lăng mạ hơn thế).
Never in her life had she experienced this exhilarating emotion.
Seldom has he seen anything stranger.
(Hiếm khi anh ấy nhìn thấy một cái gì kì lạ hơn thế).
Seldom have I seen him looking so miserable.
•

Nhóm từ: hardly (hầu như không), barely (chỉ vừa đủ, vừa vặn), no sooner (vừa mới), or scarcely
(chỉ mới, vừa vặn).

Câu đảo ngữ chứa trạng ngữ này thường được dùng để diễn đạt một chuỗi các sự kiện xảy ra trong quá khứ.
Ví dụ:
Scarcely had I got out of bed when the doorbell rang.
(Hiếm khi chuông cửa reo mà tôi thức dậy).
No sooner had he finished dinner than she walked in the door.
(Khi anh ấy vừa mới ăn tối xong thì chị ta bước vào cửa).
2. Nhóm từ kết hợp sau “Only” như: only after, only when, only then…

5


Only after/only when/only then/only if + trợ động từ + S + V…
Only by + noun/V-ing + trợ động từ/ động từ khuyết thiếu + S + V….: chỉ bằng cách làm gì
Ví dụ:
Only then did I understand the problem.
(Chỉ sau lúc đó tôi mới hiểu ra được vấn đề).
Only by hard work will we be able to accomplish this great task.
Only by studying hard can you pass this exam.
Chú ý: nếu trong câu có hai mệnh đề, chúng ta dùng đảo ngữ ở mệnh đề thứ hai:
Only when you grow up, can you understand it.

Only if you tell me the truth, can I forgive you.
Only after the film started did I realise that I'd seen it before.
3. Nhóm từ: So, Such
Câu đảo ngữ có chứa “So” mang cấu trúc như sau:
So + tính từ + to be + danh từ …
Ví dụ:
So strange was the situation that I couldn't sleep.
(Tình huống này kì lạ khiến tôi không thể ngủ được).
So difficult is the test that students need three months to prepare.
(Bài kiểm tra khó tới mức mà các sinh viên cần 3 tháng chuẩn bị).
Câu đảo ngữ có chứa “Such” mang cấu trúc như sau:
“Such + to be + danh từ +…”
Ví dụ:
Such is the moment that all greats traverse.
(Thật là thời khắc trở ngại lớn lao).
Such is the stuff of dreams.
(Thật là một giấc mơ vô nghĩa).
4. Not only….but also…..:không những…….mà còn…..
Not only + trợ động từ + S +V + but also + S + V…
Ví dụ:
Not only does he study well, but also he sings well.
5. Một số cấu trúc khác
• In/ Under no circumstances: Dù trong bất cứ hoàn cảnh nào cũng không.
Under no circumstances should you lend him the money.
• On no account: Dù bất cứ lý do gì cũng không

6


On no accout must this switch be touched.

• Only in this way: Chỉ bằng cách này
Only in this way could the problem be solved
• In no way: Không sao có thể
In no way could I agree with you.
• By no means: Hoàn toàn không
By no means does he intend to criticize your idea.
• Negative ..., nor + auxiliary + S + V
He had no money, nor did he know anybody from whom he could borrow.
• Khi một mệnh đề mở đầu bằng các thành ngữ chỉ nơi chốn hoặc trật tự thì động từ chính có thể đảo lên chủ
ngữ nhưng tuyệt đối không được sử dụng trợ động từ trong trường hợp này.
Clause of place/ order + main verb + S (no auxiliary)
In front of the museum is a statue.
First came the ambulance, then came the police.
(Thoạt đầu là xe cứu thương chạy đến, tiếp sau là cảnh sát.)
• Khi một ngữ giới từ làm phó từ chỉ địa điểm hoặc phương hướng đứng ở đầu câu, các nội động từ đặt lên
trước chủ ngữ nhưng tuyệt đối không được sử dụng trợ động từ trong loại câu này. Nó rất phổ biến trong văn
mô tả khi muốn diễn đạt một chủ ngữ không xác định:
Under the tree was lying one of the biggest men I had ever seen.
Directly in front of them stood a great castle.
On the grass sat an enormous frog.
Along the road came a strange procession.
• Tân ngữ mang tính nhấn mạnh cũng có thể đảo lên đầu câu:
Not a single word did he say.
• Các phó từ away ( = off ), down, in, off, out, over, round, up... có thể theo sau là một động từ chuyển động
và sau đó là một danh từ làm chủ ngữ:
– Away/down/in/off/out/over/round/up...+ motion verb + noun/noun phrase as a subject.
Away went the runners.
Down fell a dozen of apples...
– Nhưng nếu một đại từ nhân xưng làm chủ ngữ thì động từ phải để sau chủ ngữ:
Away they went.

Round and round it flew.
– Trong tiếng anh viết (written English) các ngữ giới từ mở đầu bằng các giới từ down, from, in, on, over,
out of, round, up... có thể được theo sau ngay bởi động từ chỉ vị trí (crouch, hang, lie, sit, stand...) hoặc các
dạng động từ chỉ chuyển động, các động từ như be born/ die/ live và một số dạng động từ khác.

7


From the rafters hung strings of onions.
In the doorway stood a man with a gun.
On a perch beside him sat a blue parrot.
Over the wall came a shower of stones.
*Chú ý: các ví dụ trên có thể diễn đạt bằng một V-ing mở đầu cho câu và động từ to be đảo lên trên chủ
ngữ:
Hanging from the rafters were strings of onion.
Standing in the doorway was a man with a gun.
Sitting on a perch beside him was a blue parrot.
INVERSION
I. Dùng NEVER viết lại câu với hình thức đảo ngữ
1. She had never been so happy before.=> Never before…………………………………………
2. I have never heard such nonsense!=> Never…………………………………………………...
3. I have never seen such a mess in my life.=> Never in my life…………………………………
4. Our profits have never been higher than they are this year.=> Never…………………………
5. The film had never before laid on such a sumptuous celebration.=>Never……………………
6. I've never come across such a horrifying film.=> Never………………………………………
7. I've never been so moved by a Shakespeare production.=> Never……………………………
10. I have never seen anyone in my life drink as much as you.=> Never…………………………
11. I'll never forget you.=> Never ………………………………………………………………..
II. Dùng RARELY, SELDOM hoặc LITTLE viết lại câu với hình thức đảo ngữ
1. One rarely finds good service these days.=> Rarely………………………………………………………

2. She has rarely travelled more than fifty miles from her village.=> Rarely………………………………
3. Public borrowing has seldom been so high.=> Seldom…………………………………………
4. They had seldom participated in such a fascinating ceremony.=> Seldom…………………………
5. They little suspected that the musical was going to be a runaway success.=>
Little……………………………
6. The embassy staff little realized that Ted was a secret agent=>
Little…………………………………………
8. He has seldom seen anything stranger=> Seldom……………………………………………
III. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with NOT.
1. He is my friend as well as yours.=> Not only…………………………………………………
2. He not only spent all his money but also borrowed some from me.=> Not
only………………………………………

8


3. Harry not only broke his leg but also injured his shoulder.=> Not
only………………………………………………
4. He is both intelligent and handsome.=> Not
only…………………………………………………………………….
5. She is impatient and dishonest.
6. The bus not only crashed into a tree, but it also ran over a cat.
=> Not……………………………………………………………………………..
7. She not only wrote the text but also selected the illustrations.
=> Not……………………………………………………………………………..
8. She is not only beautiful but also attractive.
=> Not……………………………………………………………………………..
9. He translated not only fast but also correctly.
=> Not……………………………………………………………………………..
10. They are not only good at mathematics but also at science.

=> Not……………………………………………………………………………..
11. She not only sings but also dances.
=> Not……………………………………………………………………………..
IV. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the same
as the sentence printed above it.
1. He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang.
=> No sooner __________________________________________________ ___
2. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
=> Hardly __________________________________________________ _____
3. He didn’t finish his work until the bell rang.
=> Not until __________________________________________________ ____
4. We only began to see the symptoms of the disease after several months.
=> Only __________________________________________________ _______
5. A sleeping dog was lying under the table.
=> Under the table _________________________________________________

9


6. His brother had rarely been more excited.
=> Rarely____________________________________________ _____________
7. The facts were not all made public until later.
=> Only______________________________________________ ____________
8. If I had realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job.
=> Had_______________________________________________ ____________
V. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the same
as the sentence printed above it.
1.He only thought about having a holiday abroad after he retired.
=> Only __________________________________________________________.
2. I only realized how dangerous the situation had been when I got home.

=> Only __________________________________________________________.
3. It wasn’t until last week that the Agriculture Minister admitted defeat.
=> Only __________________________________________________________.
4. I understood Hamlet only after seeing it on the stage.
=> Only __________________________________________________________.
5. They didn’t get round to business until they had finished eating.
=> Only __________________________________________________________.
6. They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left.
=> Only __________________________________________________________.
7. I didn’t realize who he was until later.
=> Only __________________________________________________________.
8. The door could not be opened without using force.
=> Only __________________________________________________________.
9. I won’t agree until Tom’s apologized.
=> Only __________________________________________________________.
10.The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard every day.
=> Only __________________________________________________________.
VI. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SHOULD.
1. If the Government are forced into another election, it will be the favorite to win.
=> Should__________________________________________________________.
2. If you want to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is free after 9. A.M
=> Should__________________________________________________________.

10


3. If you have further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.
=> Should__________________________________________________________.
4. If you decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1st April.
=> Should__________________________________________________________.

5. If we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately.
=> Should__________________________________________________________.
6. If you wish to take advantage of the offer, kindly tick the box on your order form.
=> Should__________________________________________________________.
7. If you change your mind, there will always be a job for you here.
=> Should__________________________________________________________.
VII. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with WERE OR HAD
1. If the salary were high, the job would be worth doing.
=> Were ___________________________________________________________.
2. Would you visit me if I were sent to prison?
=> Were ___________________________________________________________.
3. I didn’t see the signal, so I didn’t stop.
=> Had___________________________________________________________.
4. If I were rich, I could afford to buy an expensive car.
=> Were ___________________________________________________________.
5. If I were you, I would tell him the truth.
=> Were ___________________________________________________________.
6. If he weren’t busy right now, he could help them.
=> Were ___________________________________________________________.
7. If she had said sorry, he wouldn’t have been angry.
=> Had___________________________________________________________.
8. If the computer hadn’t broken down and I wouldn’t have had to stop my work.

11


=> Had___________________________________________________________.
9. If he hadn’t been angry, I would have said something.
=> Had___________________________________________________________.
10. If his friends hadn’t been late, they wouldn’t have missed the train.

=> Had___________________________________________________________.
VIII. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SO OR SUCH.
1. The weather is so beautiful that we decided to go to the beach.
=> So__________________________________________________________________.
2. He is so strong that he can lift the box.
=> So__________________________________________________________________.
3. He is such a lazy boy that no one likes him.
=> Such________________________________________________________________.
4. He ate so much food that he became ill.
=> So__________________________________________________________________.
5. It is such hot coffee that I can't drink it.
=> Such________________________________________________________________.
6. He bought so many books that he didn't know where to put them.
=> So__________________________________________________________________.
7. She has such a soft voice that everyone likes her.
=> Such________________________________________________________________.
8. This book is so boring that I couldn’t finish it
=> So__________________________________________________________________.
9. He was such a fast speaker that we couldn’t understand him.
=> Such________________________________________________________________.
10. She was so tired that she fell asleep in the armchair.
=> So__________________________________________________________________.
11. It was such a foggy day that we couldn’t see the road.
=> Such________________________________________________________________.
12. This tea is so good that I’ll have another cup.

12


=> So__________________________________________________________________.

IX. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the same
as the sentence printed above it.
1. He spent all his money. He even borrowed some from me.
=> Not only_______________________________________________________
2. He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang.
=> No sooner _____________________________________________________
3. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
=> Hardly _______________________________________________________
4. He didn’t finish his work until the bell rang.
=> Not until ______________________________________________________
5. We only began to see the symptoms of the disease after several months.
=> Only _________________________________________________________
6. I have never seen anyone in my life drink as much as you.
=> Never ________________________________________________________
7. A sleeping dog was lying under the table.
=> Under the table _________________________________________________
8. His brother had rarely been more excited.
=> Rarely_________________________________________________________
9. The facts were not all made public until later.
=> Only__________________________________________________________
10. If I had realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job.
=> Had___________________________________________________________
11. The response to our appeal was so great that we has to take on more staff.
=> Such__________________________________________________________
12. Harry broke his leg, and also injured his shoulder.
=> Not only ______________________________________________________

13

13. The police didn’t at all suspect that the judge was the murderer.
=> Little _________________________________________________________
14. If you do happen to see Helen, could you ask her to call me?
=> Should________________________________________________________
15. The bus driver cannot be blamed for the accident in any way.
=> In ___________________________________________________________
16. The snowfall was so heavy that all the trains had to be cancelled.
=> So ___________________________________________________________
17. If the government raised interest rates. They would lose the election.
=> Were__________________________________________________________
18. As soon as I got into the bath, someone knocked at the door.
=> No sooner _____________________________________________________
19. There was so much uncertainty that the financial markets remained closed.
=> Such__________________________________________________________
20. It’s not common for there to be so much rain in March.
=> Seldom________________________________________________________
21. You won’t allowed in until your identify has been checked.
=> Only__________________________________________________________
22. Just after the play started there was a power failure.
=> Hardly________________________________________________________
23. The Prime Minister has hardly ever made a speech as inept as this.
=> Rarely_________________________________________________________
24. We had only just arrived home when the police called.
=> Scarcely_______________________________________________________.
25. Press photographers are banned from taking photographs backstage.
=> On no_________________________________________________________.

14

26. The way so much money has been spent to so little purpose must be a record.
=> Never before___________________________________________________.
27. The judge was taken ill just after the trial proceedings began.
=> Barely________________________________________________________.
28. She seldom misses a lecture.
=> Seldom_______________________________________________________.
29. As soon as we had come home, it started to rain
=> No sooner_____________________________________________________.
30. As soon as we had turned on the TV, the electricity went out.
=> Hardly _______________________________________________________.
31. I have never been embarrassed like that!
=> Never _______________________________________________________.
32. She had never experienced this exhilarating emotion in her life.
=> Never _______________________________________________________.
33. He has seldom seen anything stranger
=> Seldom_______________________________________________________.
34. I have seldom seen him looking so miserable.
=> Seldom_______________________________________________________.
35. As soon as I had got out of the bed, the phone rang.
=> Scarcely _______________________________________________________.
36. As soon as he had finished dinner, she walked in the door.
=> No sooner _____________________________________________________.
37. I only understood the problem then.
=> Only _________________________________________________________.
38. We will be only able to accomplish this great task by working hard.
=> Only _________________________________________________________.
39. You can only pass this exam by studying hard.

15

=> Only _________________________________________________________.
40. You can only understand it when you grow up.
=> Only _________________________________________________________.
41. I can only forgive you if you tell me the truth.
=> Only _________________________________________________________.
42. I only realized that I'd seen it before after the film started.
=> Only _________________________________________________________.
43. The situation was so strange that I couldn’t sleep.
=> So ___________________________________________________________.
44. The test is so difficult that students need three months to prepare.
=> So ___________________________________________________________.
45. The exercise is so easy that every students can do it easily.
=> So ___________________________________________________________.
46. He not only studies well, but also he sings well.
=> Not only ______________________________________________________.
47. If you meet her, please call me!
=> Should _______________________________________________________.
48. If you had obeyed orders this disaster would not have happened
=> Had___ _______________________________________________________.

16


ĐÁP ÁN

INVERSION (CÂU ĐẢO NGỮ)

I. Dùng NEVER viết lại câu với hình thức đảo ngữ
1. She had never been so happy bef ore.

=> Never before had she been so happy.
2. I have never heard such nonsense!
=> Never have I heard such nonsense
3. I have never seen such a mess in my lif e.
=> Never in my life have I seen such a mess in my lif e
4. Our prof its have never been higher than they are this year.
=> Never have our prof its been higher than they are this year
5. The f ilm had never bef ore laid on such a sumptuous celebration.
=> Never before had the f ilm laid on such a sumptuous celebration.
6. I've never come across such a horrif ying f ilm.
=> Never have I come across such a horrif ying f ilm.
7. I've never been so moved by a Shakespeare production.
=> Never have I been so moved by a Shakespeare prod uction.
8. I had never tasted such a wonderf ul combination of f lavors before.
=> Never before had I tasted such a wonderf ul combination of f lavors
9. I never go to school late.
=> Never do I go to school late
10. I have never seen anyone in my lif e drink as much as you.
=> Never in my lif e have I seen anyone as much as you.
11. I'll never f orget you.
=> Never shall I f orget you
II. Dùng RARELY, SELDOM hoặc LITTLE viết lại câu với hình thức đảo ngữ
1. One rarely f inds good service these days.
=> Rarely does one f ind good service these days
2. She has rarely travelled more than f if ty miles f rom her village.
=> Rarely has she traveled more than f if ty miles f rom her village
3. Public borrowing has seldom been so high.
=> Seldom public borrowing has been so high
4. They had seldom participated in such a f ascinating ceremony.
=> Seldom had they participated in such a f ascinating ceremony.

5. They little suspected that the musical was going to be a runaway success.
=> Little did they suspect that the musical was going to be a runaway success.
6. The embassy staf f little realized that Ted was a secret agent
=> Little did the embassy staf f realize that Ted was a secret agent
7. She didn't realize what would happen to her next.

17


=> Little did she realize what would happen to her next.
8. He has seldom seen anything stranger
=> Seldom has he seldom seen anything stranger
III. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with NOT.
1. He is my f riend as well as yours.
=> Not only is he my f riend but also yours
2. He not only spent all his money but also borrowed some f rom me.
=> Not only did he spend all his money but also borrowed some f rom me
3. Harry not only broke his leg but also injured his shoulder.
=> Not only did Harry break his leg but also injured his shoulder
4. He is both intelligent and handsome.
=> Not only is he intelligent but also handsome
5. She is impatient and dishonest.
=> Not only is she impatient but dishonest as well
6. The bus not only crashed into a tree, but it also ran over a cat.
=> Not only did the bus crash into a tree but it also ran over a cat.
7. She not only wrote the text but also selected the illustrations.
=> Not only did she write the text but also selected the illustrations.
8. She is not only beautif ul but also attractive.
=> Not only is she beautif ul but also attractive.
9. He translated not only f ast but also correctly.

=> Not did he translate f ast but also correctly.
10. They are not only good at mathematics but also at science.
=> Not only are they good at mathematics but also at scienc e.
11. She not only sings but also dances.
=> Not only does she sing but also dances.
IV. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the same as the
sentence printed above it.
1. He had hardly lef t the of f ice when the telephone rang.
=> No sooner had he lef t the of f ice than the telephone rang.
2. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
=> Hardly had I just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
3. He didn’t f inish his work until the bell rang.
=> Not until the bell rang did he f inish his work
4. We only began to see the symptoms of the disease af ter several months.
=> Only af ter several months did we begin to see the symptoms of the disease
5. A sleeping dog was lying under the table.

18


=> Under the table was lying a sleeping dog
6. His brother had rarely been more excited.
=> Rarely had his brother been more excited.
7. The f acts were not all made public until later.
=> Only until later were the f acts all made public
8. If I had realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job.
=> Had I realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job.
V. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the same as the
sentence printed above it.
1. He only thought about having a holiday abroad af ter he retired.

=> Only af ter he retired did he think about having a holiday abroad
2. I only realized how dangerous the situation had been when I got home.
=> Only when I got home did I realize how dangerous the situation had been.
3. It wasn’t until last week that the Agriculture Minister admitted def eat.
=> Only until last week did the Agriculture Minister admit def eat
4. I understood Hamlet only af ter seeing it on the stage.
=> Only af ter seeing Hamlet on the stage did I understand it.
5. They didn’t get round to business until they had f inished eating.
=> Only until they had f inished eating did they get around to business.
6. They had to wait f or twelve hours bef ore their f light lef t.
=> Only af ter they had waited f or 12 hours did their f light leave.
7. I didn’t realize who he was until later.
=> Only later did I realize who he was.
8. The door could not be opened without using f orce.
=> Only using f orce could the door be opened.
9. I won’t agree until Tom’s apologized.
=> Only until Tom's apologized will I agree.
10.The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard every day.
=> Only by training hard every day can you become a good athlete.
VI. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SHOULD.
1. If the Government are f orced into another election, it will be the f avorite to win.
=> Should the Government be f orced into another election, it will be the f avorite to win.
2. If you want to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is f ree af ter 9. A.M
=> Should you want to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is f ree af ter 9. A.M
3. If you have f urther problems with your printer, contact your dealer f or advice.
=> Should you have f urther problems with your printer, contact your dealer f or advice.
4. If you decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1 st April.
=> Should you decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1 st April.
5. If we hear any f urther news, we will be in touch immediately.
=> Should we hear any f urther news, we will be in touch immediately.

19


6. If you wish to take advantage of the of f er, kindly tick the box on your order f orm.
=> Should you wish to take advantage of the of fer, kindly tick the box on your order f orm.
7. If you change your mind, there will always be a job f or you here.
=> Should you change your mind, there will always be a job f or you here.
VII. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with WERE OR HAD
1. If the salary were high, the job would be worth doing.
=> Were the salary high, the job would be worth doing.
2. Would you visit me if I were sent to prison?
=> Were I sent to prison would you visit me?
3. I didn’t see the signal, so I didn’t stop.
=> Had I seen the signal I would have stopped.
4. If I were rich, I could af f ord to buy an expensive car.
=> Were I rich and I could af f ord to buy an expensive car.
5. If I were you, I would tell him the truth.
=> Were I you, I would tell him the truth.
6. If he weren’t busy right now, he could help them.
=> Were he not busy right now, he could help them.
7. If she had said sorry, he wouldn’t have been angry.
=> Had she said sorry, he wouldn’t have been angry.
8. If the computer hadn’t broken down and I wouldn’t have had to stop my work.
=> Had the computer not broken down and I wouldn’t have had to stop my work.
9. If he hadn’t been angry, I would have said something.
=> Had I he not been angry, I would have said something.
10. If his f riends hadn’t been late, they wouldn’t have missed the train.
=> Had his f riends not been late, they wouldn’t have missed the train.
VIII. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SO OR SUCH.

1. The weather is so beautif ul that we decided to go to the beach.
=> So beautif ul is the weather that we decided to go to the beach.
2. He is so strong that he can lif t the box.
=> So strong is he that he can lif t the box.
3. He is such a lazy boy that no one likes him.
=> Such a lazy boy is he that no one likes him.
4. He ate so much f ood that he became ill.
=> So much f ood did he eat that he became ill.
5. It is such hot cof f ee that I can't drink it.

20


=> Such hot cof fee is it that I can't drink it.
6. He bought so many books that he didn't know where to put them.
=> So many books did he buy that he didn't know where to put them.
7. She has such a sof t voice that everyone likes her.
=> Such a sof t voice does she have that everyone likes her.
8. This book is so boring that I couldn’t f inish it
=> So boring is this book that I couldn’t f inish it.
9. He was such a f ast speaker that we couldn’t understand him.
=> Such a f ast speaker was he that we couldn’t understand him.
10. She was so tired that she f ell asleep in the armchair.
=> So tired was she that she f ell asleep in the armchair.
11. It was such a f oggy day that we couldn’t see the road.
=> Such a f oggy day was it that we couldn’t see the road.
12. This tea is so good that I’ll have another cup.
=> So good is this tea that I’ll have another cup.
IX. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the same as the
sentence printed above it.

1. He spent all his money. He even borrowed some f rom me.
=> Not only did he spend all his money but she also borrowed some f rom me.
2. He had hardly lef t the of f ice when the telephone rang.
=> No sooner had I lef t the of f ice than the phone rang.
3. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
=> Hardly had I put the phone down when the boss rang back.
4. He didn’t f inish his work until the bell rang.
=> Not until the bell rang did he f inish his work.
5. We only began to see the symptoms of the disease af ter several months.
=> Only af ter several months did we begin to see the symptoms of the disease.
6. I have never seen anyone in my lif e drink as much as you.
=> Never in my lif e have seen anyone drink as much as you.
7. A sleeping dog was lying under the table.
=> Under the table was lying a sleeping dog.
8. His brother had rarely been more excited.
=> Rarely had his brother been more excited.
9. The f acts were not all made public until later.
=> Only later were all the f acts made public.
10. If I had realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job.

21


=> Had I realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job.
11. The response to our appeal was so great that we has to take on more staf f .
=> Such was the responsible to our appeal that we has to take on more staf f
12. Harry broke his leg, and also injured his shoulder.
=> Not only did Harry break his leg but he also injured his shoulder.
13. The police didn’t at all suspect that the judge was the murderer.
=> Little did the police suspect that the judgment was the murderer.

14. If you do happen to see Helen, could you ask her to call me?
=> Should you see Helen, could you ask her to call me?
15. The bus driver cannot be blamed f or the accident in any way.
=> In no way can the bus be blamed f or the accident.
16. The snowf all was so heavy that all the trains had to be cancelled.
=> So heavy was the snowf all that all the trains had to be cancelled.
17. If the government raised interest rates. They would lose the election.
=> Were the government to write interest rates they would lose the election.
18. As soon as I got into the bath, someone knocked at the door.
=> No sooner had I got into the bath than someone knocked on the door.
19. There was so much uncertainty that the f inancial markets remained closed.
=> Such was the uncertainty that the f inancial markets remained closed.
20. It’s not common f or there to be so much rain in March.
=> Seldom is there so much rain in March.
21. You won’t allowed in until your identif y has been checked.
=> Only when your identity has been checked will you be allowed in.
22. Just af ter the play started there was a power f ailure.
=> Hardly had the play started when there was a power f ailure.
23. The Prime Minister has hardly ever made a speech as inept as this.
=> Rarely has the Prime Minister made so inept a speech.
24. We had only just arrived home when the police called.
=> Scarcely had we arrived home when the police called.
25. Press photographers are banned f rom taking photographs backstage.
=> On no account are press photographers allowed to take photographs backstage.
26. The way so much money has been spent to so little purpose must be a record.
=> Never bef ore has so much money been spent to so little purp ose!.

22

27. The judge was taken ill just af ter the trial proceedings began.
=> Barely had the trial proceedings begun when the judge was taken ill.
28. She seldom misses a lecture.
=> Seldom does she miss a lecture
29. As soon as we had come home, it started to rain
=> No sooner had we come home than it started to rain
30. As soon as we had turned on the TV, the electricity went out.
=> Hardly had we turned on the TV, the electricity went out.
31. I have never been embarrassed like that!
=> Never have I been embarrassed like that!
32. She had never experienced this exhilarating emotion in her lif e.
=> Never in her lif e had she experienced this exhilarating emotion.
33. He has seldom seen anything stranger
=> Seldom has he seen anything stranger.
34. I have seldom seen him looking so miserable.
=> Seldom have I seen him looking so miserable.
35. As soon as I had got out of the bed, the phone rang.
=> Scarcely had I got out of bed when the doorbell rang.
36. As soon as he had f inished dinner, she walked in the do or.
=> No sooner had he f inished dinner than she walked in the door.
37. I only understood the problem then.
=> Only then did I understand the problem.
38. We will be only able to accomplish this great task by working hard.
=> Only by hard work will we be able to accomplish this great task.
39. You can only pass this exam by studying hard.
=> Only by studying hard can you pass this exam.
40. You can only understand it when you grow up.
=> Only when you grow up, can you understand it.
41. I can only f orgive you if you tell me the truth.
=> Only if you tell me the truth, can I f orgive you.

42. I only realized that I'd seen it bef ore af ter the f ilm started.
=> Only af ter the f ilm started did I realize that I'd seen it bef ore.
43. The situation was so strange that I couldn’t sleep.
=> So strange was the situation that I couldn't sleep.

23


44. The test is so dif f icult that students need three months to prepare.
=> So dif f icult is the test that students need three months to prepare.
45. The exercise is so easy that every students can do it easily.
=> So easy is the exercise that every students can do it easily.
46. He not only studies well, but also he sings well.
=> Not only does he study well, but also he sings well.
47. If you meet her, please call me!
=> Should you meet her, please call me!
48. If you had obeyed orders this disaster would not have happened
=> Had you obeyed orders, this disaster would not have happened.

24