Ngữ pháp và bài tập hay

Đề cương 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
VERB TENSES
A. PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT
a. The simple present tense (Thì hiện tại đơn)
• Form ( Cấu trúc)
• Use (Cách dùng)
 Diễn tả một chân lý, một sự thật hiển nhiên.
The sun rises in the East
 Diễn tả một thói quen, một hành động xảy ra thường xuyên ở hiện tại.
Mary often goes to school by bicycle.
 Diễn tả một sự việc sẽ xảy ra theo thời gian biểu hoặc chương trình, kế hoạch đã đònh theo thời
gian biểu.
The train leaves at seven twenty-three tomorrow morning.
* Lưu ý: Ta thêm es sau các động từ tận cùng là: o,s,x,xh,sh
• Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian)
 Always, usually, sometimes, often, normally, generally, occasionally, as a rule, never, rarely,
seldom, …
 Every: everyday, every morning, every Saturday…
 Three times a week, twice a month, from time to time…
b. The present continuous tense ( Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)
• Form ( Cấu trúc)
I Am
V
ing
We, you, they Are
He, she, it is
• Use (Cách dùng)
Diễn tả một hành động hay một sự việc đang diển ra ngay lúc nói.
The children are playing football now.
Diền tả một hành động có tính tạm thời, diễn ra xung quanh thời điểm nói.
I am quite busy these days. I am building a new house.

 Diển tả một kế hoạch, một dự đònh trong tương lai gần,một sự sắp xếp trước lúc nói.
He is coming next week.
• Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian)
 Now, right now, at present, at the moment, still
 Today, this week, these days, this term, this year, this summer, nowadays…
 Look! Be quite! Don’t make noise! Listen! Watch out! Keep silent...
* Lưu ý: Không dùng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn với các từ chỉ nhận thức, tri giác như: to be, see, hear, understand, know, like,
want, glance, feel, think, smell, love, hate, realize, seem, remember, forget…
I am tired now
She wants to go for a walk at the moment.
c. The past simple tense ( Thì quá khứ đơn)
• Form ( Cấu trúc)
I, we, you, they, he, she, it
V
ed
V
2
• Use (Cách dùng)
 Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và chấm dứt trong quá khứ, thời gian được xác đònh rõ.
Tom went to Paris last week.
 Diễàn tả một hành động diễn ra suốt một khoảng thời gian trong quá khứ, nhưng nay đã hoàn toàn
chấm dứt.
She worked as a secretary for five years and now she is a teacher.
• Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian)
 Yesterday, yesterday morning, in the past, in 1985, when I was young, when I was a child…
 Last: last night, last year, last month, last summer
 Ago: two days ago, three weeks ago, a month ago
d. The past continuous tense ( Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn)
• Form ( Cấu trúc)
We, you, they were

V
ing
I, he, she, it was
• Use (Cách dùng)
Lu hµnh néi bé Nguyễn Đáng High School
1
I, we, you, they Vinf
He, she, it, V
s/es
Đề cương 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
Hành động đã diễn ra và kéo dài một thời gian ở quá khứ.
Yesterday, Mr. John was working in the laboratory all the afternoon.
Hành động đang xảy ra vào một thời điểm trong quá khứ.
I was doing my homework at 6:00 last Sunday.
Hành động đang diễn ra trong quá khứ thì có một hành động khác xen vào (hành động nào kéo dài hơn ta dùng Past
continuous, hành động ngắn hơn dùng Past simple)
When I came yesterday, he was sleeping.
Lưu ý: Không dùng các động từ chỉ nhận thức, tri giác. Thay vào đó ta dùng thì Past simple.
I felt tired at that time.
• Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian)
 At 6:00 yesterday, at this time yesterday, at the time last week, at that time…
e. The present perfect tense ( Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
• Form ( Cấu trúc)
I, we, you, they have
V
3
/ V
ed
He, she, it has
(Thể phủ đònh S have/ has not PP; Thể nghi vấn Have/Has S PP?)

• Use (Cách dùng)
 Diễn tả một hành động, một sự việc vừa mới xảy ra.
I have just seen my sister in the park.
 Diễn tả một hành động lập đi lập lại nhiều lần trong quá khứ mà không biết rỏ thời gian cụ thể
trong quá khứ. Hành động có thể tiếp tục xảy ra ở hiện tại và tương lai.
I have seen that film several times.
Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ kéo dài đến hiện tại và có thể xảy ra trong tương lai.
Mary has lived in this house for ten years.
Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ mà không rỏ thời gian.
I have lost my keys.
Diển tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ mà kết quả vẫn còn ở hiện tại.
He has had lunch. (He is full now.)
• Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian)
 Since, for
 Just, recently, lately, already, never, ever, yet, so far, until now, up to now, for ages, for a long
time, up to the present, how long,in the last few years…
Lưu ý: Các trạng từ trên chỉ được dùng kèm với thì hiện tạ hoàn thành trong các câu đơn. Nếu câu từ hai mệnh đềø trở lên
thì ta phải dựa vào ngữ cảnh chứ không chỉ dựa vào các trạng từ đó.)
f. The past perfect tense
• Form ( Cấu trúc)
I we you they he she it had PP
(Phủ đònh: had not = hadn’t; Nghi vấn: Had S PP?)
• Use (Cách dùng)
Thì quá khứ hoàn thành dùng để diễõn tả một hành động xảy ra, hoàn thành trước một hành động, một thời điểm
khác trong quá khứ.
• Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian)
By + (the past time): by 2003, by last year
By the time + clause: by the time we got there, by the time you went to bad…
Before, after, when, already
g. The future simple tense (Thì tương lai đơn)

• Form ( Cấu trúc)
(Phủ đònh: will not = won’t; Nghi vấn Will S Vo?)
• Use ( Cách dùng)
Diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra ở tương lai.
He will come back next week.
 Diễàn tẩ một lời hứa, một dự đoán, một ý kiến, một quyết đònh tức thời, một ngỏ ý.
I will give you a phone to night.
Lu hµnh néi bé Nguyễn Đáng High School
I, we, you, they, he, she,
it
Will V
0
2
Đề cương 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
• Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian)
Next: next week, next month, next summer…
 Someday, soon, in 2050, in two weeks, in three days, tomorrow…
 I think, I am sure…
B. PHẦN THỰC HÀNH
I. The simple present tense
Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative , or question :
Example: He (visit) ______visits _______his parents very often.
He doesn’t visit his parents very often
Does he visit his parents very often?
1. He (go) _________________to School everyday.
2. She (come) ___________________ from Germany.
3. Daisy usually (go) _____________________ to work by car.
4. We (watch) __________________TV every night.
5. He (walk) __________________to work every day.
6. He (be) ______________________in Ca Mau.

7. They (be) ____________________students.
8. She (wash) ___________________her clothes every Sunday.
9. She (study) _______________________English every day.
10. He (want) _________ to become a teacher.
Exercise 2: Put the verb in the present simple tense:
1. She usually (walk) _______________ to school.
2. What time ________Mary usually (get) ____________ up every morning?
3. She (not wash) ____________her clothes every weekend.
4. ___________they (be) teachers?
5. It (not be) often ______________cold in summer.
6. Tom usually (walk) _____________ to school.
7. He (be) _______________ a student.
8. I (be) _________________ sixteen years old.
9. They (be) __________________ very friendly.
10. He often (wash) __________________ the car at weekends.
11. What time ____________you often (get) ____________ up every morning?
12. ________she (like) ________________ English?
13. Every week she (go) ______________________ to visit her parents.
14. What time __________your father usually (get) ___________ up?
15. We (not go) ____________________to school on Sundays.
16. We (not be) ___________________very lazy.
17. The Earth (go) _________________around the Sun.
18. I (visit) ___________________my parents very often.
19. ___________he (go) ___________________to school every day?
20. _____________she (come) _____________________from Japanese?
II. The present continuous tense
Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative , or question :
Example: She (read) ____is reading _____at the moment.
She isn’t reading at the moment
Is she reading at the moment?

1. He (watch) ____________________________________TV right now.
2. At present they (sit) ___________________________ in the class.
3. This year we (learn) _________________________ English.
4. Look! Peter (play) ______________________ football in the schoolyard.
5. Be quiet! The baby (sleep) _______________________________.
6. Look! The man (smoke) ____________________________ there.
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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
7. She (write) _______________________ to her parents now.
8. My father (work) ___________________________in the garden at the moment.
9. John (listen) _____________________________ to the radio now.
10. He (play) _______________________chess at the moment.
Exercise 2: Put the verb in the present continuous tense:
1. The workers (work) ______________________ in the firm at the moment.
2. Please be quite! You (make) ___ _________________so much noise so I can’t concentrate.
3. Tony (have) _______________ ___a bath at the moment.
4. Listen! He (read) _____________________a story by Shakespeare.
5. At present Richard (study) _______________in London.
6. This term I (study) _______________philosophy and economics.
7. Janet (have) _______________a shower at the moment.
8. They (not/study) _______________at present.
9. Yukiko (have) _______________a bath now.
10. We (make) _______________a cake at the moment.
11. Jane (watch) _______________television at the moment.
12. Look! The boy (cry) ____________________.
13. Alice and Mary (put) ___________ the dishes away right now.
14. The farmer (work) _________________ in the field now.
15. Look! It (snow) _______________.
16. Phong (sleep) _______________ right now.

17. Mother (cook) ________________ some food in the kitchen at present.
18. Just a minute! I (look up) ______________ that word in the dictionary.
19. _______________you (write) ______________ a letter now?
20. They (not read) ____________________ books in the sitting room right now.
21. Look! They (play) _________________ football.
22. She (sweep) _______________ the floor now.
23. What________ she (do) ____________ now?
24. She (wash) ______________ the clothes at the moment.
25. Listen! Peter and Daisy (sing) ________________ now.
26. My brother (not watch) ___________TV now. He (wash) __________ his car.
27. He (study) _____________ English this month.
28. ________you (work) __________ in the garden now?
29. Peter (talk) ________________ to Susan now.
30. She (listen) _______________to the radio in her bedroom at the moment.
III. The past simple tense
Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative , or question :
Example: He (watch) __watched________ a good programme on TV last night.
He didn’t watch a good programme on TV last night.
Did he watch a good programme last night?
1. Mary (go) ___________ shopping for me yesterday.
2. The policeman (drive) __________ away ten minutes ago.
3. The biscuit factory (close) __________________ last year.
4. The headmaster (come) _______________ to the school in 1985.
5. You (spend) ________________________ a lot of money last month.
6. I last (go) ________________________ to Spain in 1990.
7. The boy (finish) _________________________their homework yesterday.
8. Rolf (buy) _____________ the leather jacket last week.
9. I (have) ____________ a little trouble with my car last week.
10. She (wash) ______________her clothes last night.
Exercise 2: Put the verb in the past simple tense:

1. They (begin) __________ to study at this school 7 years ago.
2. She (lose) __________ her handbag on the train yesterday morning.
3. We (visit) ___________ that city last year.
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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
4. Peter and Daisy (be) __________ born in 1978.
5. __________you (spend) _________ your holiday in Dalat last summer?
6. She (clean) _______________the bicycle yesterday.
7. They (start) __________school in 1998.
8. My friend and I (go) __________________ to the seaside last week.
9. We (spend) ___________________________ hours on the beach last Sunday.
10. He (be) ______________________________ in Ha Noi last year.
11. His father (die) _____________________ in 1930.
12. Lincoln (work) __________________in this factory three years ago.
13. I (do) _____________________my homework last night.
14. Miss White (write) ______________________to her father last Monday.
15. My parents (buy) _________________________the car last year.
16. Hoa (read) _____________________________the book yesterday.
17. He (listen) _______________________________to the radio last night.
18. We (watch) _____________ a good programme on TV last night.
19. Mary (go) _______________shopping for me yesterday.
20. I (be) _______________ in Ha Noi last month.
21. My parents (go) _______________to HCM city last week.
22. Yesterday we (have) _______________a meeting at our school.
23. Mary (meet) _______________her parents two week ago.
24. She (be) _______________born in 1992.
25. What you (do) _______________last night.
26. Last summer I (study) _______________English in Can Tho City.
27. She (not visit) _______________her son last week.

28. In 1997 there (be) _______________a terrible storm.
29. They (build) _______________the house twenty years ago.
30. John (do not) _______________come to my birthday party last Sunday.
IV. The past continuous:
Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative , or question :
Example: At this time yesterday they (play) __were playing___ football.
At this time yesterday they were not playing football.
At this time yesterday were they playing football?
1. At this time yesterday we (play) __________________ tennis in the schoolyard.
2. At 7:00 pm yesterday (watch) ________________________ TV.
3. Yesterday while my father (watch) _____________________ TV, my mother (read) the newspaper, my sister (do)
_______________________her homework and I (play) ____________ chess with my friend.
4. What were you doing when I phoned you? I (have) ____________________a bath.
5. She (do) __________________________her homework at the time yesterday.
6. Marry (water) ______________________the flowers at 3:00 p.m yesterday.
7. They (visit) __________________________the zoo at ten o’clock yesterday.
8. Peter and I (do) _____________________the exercise at this time last night.
9. Last night my father (feed) ________________________the pigeons at 7:00.
10. At this time last year we (learn) _______________________English in London.
Exercise 2: Put the verb in the past simple tense or the past continuous:
1. When I (arrive) ____________ at this house, he still (sleep)
______________.
2. The light (go) _________ out while we (have)
_________________dinner.
3. Bill (have) ________________ breakfast when I (stop)
_____________ at this house this morning.
4. When I (arrive) ___________________at this house, he still (sleep)
________________________.
5. As we (cross) ______________________the Street, we (see)
_____________________an accident.

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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
6. Tom (see) ______________a serious accident while he (stand)
__________________at the bus stop.
7. The children (play) _________________ football when their mother
(come) ___________back home.
8. The bell (ring) ______________________while Tom (take)
___________________ a bath.
9. He (sit) ______________________in a car when I (see)
______________________him.
10. We (clean) _____________________the house when she (come)
_______________yesterday.
V. The present perfect tense:
Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative , or question :
Example: She (be) has been here for several days.
She has not been here for several days.
Has she been here for several days?
1. Tom (see) ______________this film before.
2. I (finish) ______________ my exercise already.
3. They (live) ______________ here since 1990.
4. My father (just wash) ______________ his car.
5. The students (discuss) ______________ the question recently.
6. Mary (never, be) ______________ to Ha Noi.
7. We (know) ______________ each other for 5 years.
8. So far we (learn) ______________ five lessons.
9. We (be) ______________ pen pals for a long time.
10. They (stay) ______________ here since last week.
Exercise 2:
1. Bob (see) ______________ this movie before.

2. Sandra (lend) ____________ her brother $ 200 so far.
3. Rashid (just pass) ____________ his driving test.
4. Karen (study) ____________ __________ Italian for three years now and is still studying.
5. The teacher (already, tell) ____________ to be quite.
6. Tim (not, take) ____________ many photos yet.
7. Jorge (read) ____________ the newspaper already.
8. We (not begin) _____________ to study for the test yet.
9. John and I (be) ______________ pen pals for nearly 3 years.
10. He (wear) ___________ the same coat since he (move) ___________ here.
11. . I (not see) _____________ your brother recently.
12. . They (not contact) _______________ to each other for a long time.
13. How long _______________you (study) ______________ English?
14. How many times _________ you (see) _______________him since he went to Edinburgh?
15. Who is that woman? I (never/ see) _______________ her before.
16. We (be) ____________ from French. We (be) ______________ there for 20 years.
17. I (see) __________ that film several times because I like it.
18. Mary (lose) _________________ her hat for 2 days.
19. He (not finish) _______________ doing it yet.
20. He (not see) ____________ him since Christmas.
21. (live)_______________in Ho Chi Minh City since 1975.
22. He (just see) ______________ her.
23. They (already show) _______________ the film.
24. I’m sorry the car is not here. I (just sell) ______________ it.
25. The Bakers (be) ______________ in New York for 3 months.
26. My brother (use) ______________ this computer for 2 years.
27. They (live) ________________ in this street for a long time.
28. Mr. Green (teach) ______________ French since he left London in 1997.
29. She (not speak) _________________ to me since last week.
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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
30. Up to now, Hoa (work) _______________ very hard.
VI. The past perfect tense:
1. Yesterday they (go) _________________ home after they (finish) ______________ their work.
2. When we came to the stadium, the match (already start) _________________________.
3. Many people (move) _________________ to the new place before the storm occurred.
4. I sat down ant rested after they (go) _________________.
5. Before he died, he (be) _________________ ill for several days.
6. Last night before he (watch) _______________ TV, he (do) _________________ the exercise.
7. She went to the department after her (clean) _________________ the floor.
8. When I got to the party, they (go) _________________ home.
9. By the time the police arrived, the house (be) _________________ burned down.
10. By last year, twenty schools in this province (be) _________________ built.
VII. The future simple tense
Exercise 1: Put the verb in the future simple tense.
1. __________you (take) _________ at trip to London next week.
2. She (water) _________________ the flowers next month.
3. They (build) ________________ a new bridge in this province next year.
4. Tomorrow she (send) _________________ the letter to Ha Hoi.
5. In 2010 she (move) _________________ to live in Ho Chi Minh City.
6. I (meet) _________________ my parents in an hour.
7. I think it (be) _________________ sunny tomorrow.
8. I am sure he (pass) _________________ the exam.
9. I (stay) _________________ at home if it rains.
10. He (send) ________________ the letter when he goes to the post office.
VIII. The present simple or the present continuous tense:
Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets in the present simple or the present continuous tense:
1. My father (have) __________ coffee for breakfast every day.
2. His sister (study) __________ in a shoe store this summer.
3. The students (look) ___________ up that new word now.

4. Mary (go) __________ to school every day.
5. They (do) __________ this exercise at the moment.
6. Ms Eden (read) ___________ a newspaper now.
7. It (rain) __________ very much in the summer. It (rain) _________ now.
8. Bad students never (study) __________ hard.
9. He generally (sing) ________ in English, but today he (sing) ________ in Spanish.
10. We seldom (eat) __________ before 6.30.
11. She sometimes (buy) ___________vegetables at his market.
12. We always (do) ___________ our exercises carefully.
13. Look! A man (run) ________ after the train. He (want) _______ to catch it.
14. It (be) __________ very cold now.
15. John (travel) __________ to England tomorrow.
16. I (need) ____________ some money for my textbooks.
17. Tom (like) __________ to go to the museums.
18. Mary (love) __________ ice-cream.
19. My mother (cook) __________ some food in the kitchen at present. She always (cook) __________ in the mornings.
20. I often (leave) __________ the city at weekends.
21. The guests (watch) __________ the TV programes now.
22. The sun (set) __________ in the west.
23. My friend (study) __________ English for an hour every night.
24. Listen! I (hear) ___________ someone knocking at the front door.
25. I (do) ____ an exercise on the present tense at the moment and I (think) ______ that I (know) _____how to use it now.
IX. The present perfect or the simple past tense:
Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the simple past tense.
1. We (never watch) __________ that TV programme.
2. We (watch) __________ a good programme on TV last night.
3. He (read) __________ that novel many times before.
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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points

4. He (read) __________ that novel again last vacation.
5. I (have) __________ a little trouble with my car last week.
6. However, I (have) __________ no trouble with my car since then.
7. I (not see) __________ John for a long time. I (see) __________ him 3 weeks ago.
8. He is very thirsty. He (not drink) __________ since this morning.
9. They (study) __________ at this school for 7 years now.
10. They (begin) __________ to study at this school 7 years ago.
11. How long ago he (start) __________ to learn French?
12. She (lose) __________ her handbag on the train yesterday morning.
13. His dog (just run) __________ out of the garden.
14. Mr. Brown (travel) __________ by air several times in the past.
15. He (travel) ___________ to Mexico by air last summer.
X. The Past Simple Or The Past Continuous Tense
Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past continuous tense.
1. He (sit) __________ in a bar when I (see) __________ him.
2. When I (go) __________ out, the sun (shine) __________.
3. The light (go) __________ out while I (have) __________ tea.
4. While he (learn) __________ to drive, he (have) __________ an accident.
5. We (walk) __________ to the station when it (begin) __________ to rain.
6. He (have) __________ a bad fall when he (repair) __________ his roof.
7. It (start) __________to rain when we (play) football in the schoolyard yesterday.
8. He (eat) __________ three sandwiches while you (talk) __________ to him.
9. The servant (drop) _______ two cups while she (wash up) ______ last night.
10. While he (write) __________ a letter, the telephone (ring) .
11. Last night we (watch) TV when the power (fail).
12. When I (stand) __________ at the bus stop, I (see) __________ an accident.
13. Yesterday I (walk) __________to school when I (find) a wallet on the street.
14. When I (have) dinner yesterday, Peter (come) to our house.
15. The thief (steal) the bike when Mai (look) for some books in the shop.
XI. The past simple or the past perfect tense

Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect tense.
1. They (go) __________ home after they (finish) __________ their study.
2. Yesterday when I (arrive) __________to the party, the (already go) __________home.
3. After the guests (leave) __________, she (go) __________back into the living-room and (switch) __________off the
light.
4. On arrival at home I (find) __________that she (just leave) __________just a few minutes before.
5. Before he (go) __________ to bad, he (do) __________his homework.
6. When they (get) __________to the place, the man (die) __________.
7. He (do) _________ nothing before he (see) ___________ me.
8. He (thank) __________ me for what I (do) __________ for him.
9. I (be) __________ sorry that I (hurt) __________ him.
10. After they (go) __________, I (sit) __________ down and (rest) __________.
11. When I (arrive) ___________, the dinner (already, begin) ______________.
12. My friend (not see) _______ me for many years when I (meet) _____ last week.
13. He (learn) __________ English before he (leave) __________ for England.
14. In England, he soon (remember) __________ all he (learn) __________ before.
15. They (tell) __________ him they (not meet) __________ him before.
16. He (ask) __________ why we (come) __________ so early.
17. She (say) __________ that she (already, see) ___________ Dr. Rice.
18. By the time Bill (get) __________ there, the meeting (start) __________.
19. When we (arrive) __________ at our place, we (find) __________ that a burglar (break) ____________ in.
20. Almost everybody (leave) _______ for home by the time we (arrive) _______.
XII. The simple present or the simple future tense
Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present or the simple future tense.
1. We (go) __________ out when the rain (stop) __________.
2. I (stay) _________ here until he (answer) __________ me.
3. Wait until I (catch) __________ you.
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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points

4. I (be) _________ ready before you (count) _________ ten.
5. John must eat his breakfast before he (go) __________ out.
6. Miss Helen (help) __________ you as soon as she (finish) ________ that letter.
7. He (tell) _________ you when you (get) __________ there.
8. She (not come) __________ until you (be) _________ ready.
9. He (tell) __________ you when you (ask) __________ him.
10. I (come) _______ and (see) ________ you before I (leave) _____ for England.
XIII. Mixed tenses
Exercise 1: Put the verb in the brackets in the correct tense.
1. We seldom (eat) ______________ before 7 am.
2. I (not see) ________________ him since I (meet) ____________ him 2 months ago.
3. Listen! I (think) _____________ someone (knock) _______________ the door.
4. I (get) _________________ up early the day before yesterday.
5. The earth (circle) ____________ the sun once every 365 days.
6. __________you (watch) _________ TV last night?
7. The workers (work) _______________ in the firm at the moment.
8. How many times _________ you (see) ________him since he went to Edinburgh?
9. Rivers usually (flow) __________ to the sea.
10. Look! The boy (cry) _______________.
11. Do you know that man, who (smoke) _______________________ there.
12. Mrs. Green always (go) _____________to work by bus.
13. We (be) ____________ from French. We (be) ______________ there for 20 years.
14. I (move) ______________ to another town next week.
15. I (see) __________ that film several times because I like it.
16. She always (go) _______________ go to bed before her mother does.
17. Mary (lose) _________________ her hat for 2 days.
18. __________you (take) _________ a trip to London next week?
19. She rarely (take) ____________a bath before dinner.
20. He (not finish) _______________ doing it yet.
21. He (not see) ____________ him since Christmas.

22. In what year _______ World War II (break) __________ out?
23. The sun (set) ______________ in the West.
24. They (live) _______________ in Ho Chi Minh City since 1975.
25. He (come) _________ here once 2 years ago.
26. We will go out when it (stop) _________________raining.
27. She (read) ______all the books written by Dickens. How many books _______ you (read) _______?
28. Alice and Mary (put) ___________ the dishes away right now.
29. What ________you (do) _________ at 10 am yesterday?
30. She (finish) ____________ her homework recently.
31. He (just see) ______________ her.
32. They (already show) _______________ the film.
33. I’m sorry the car is not here. I (just sell) ______________ it.
34. When _________you (buy) ________ your bicycle?
35. I (know) ___________Jack since we (be) _____________ students but I (not meet) ___________ him since we
(leave) _______________ school in 1998.
36. The Bakers (be) ______________ in New York for 3 months.
37. __________you (spend) _________ your holiday in Da lat last summer?
38. We (visit) ___________ that city last year.
39. The farmer (work) _________________ in the field now.
40. John (see) ______________ that film sometimes.
41. My brother (use) ______________ this computer for 2 years.
42. Mr. Green (buy) ______________ a new tractor last month.
43. They (live) ________________ in this street for a long time.
44. My brother (play) _______________ football at the moment.
45. Mr. Green (teach) ______________ French since he left London in 1997.
46. She often (go) _____________ to school by bicycle but yesterday she (go) __________by bus.
47. Look! It (snow) _______________.
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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points

48. She (not speak) _________________ to me since last week.
49. Up to now, Hoa (work) _______________ very hard.
50. HCM city (be) ______________ the largest city in Vietnam.
51. They (hold) ________________ the meeting recently.
52. Phong (sleep) _______________ right now
53. He (live) ________________ in Hanoi since 2002.
54. Long ago, my young brother often (cry) _______________ at night.
55. ________you (see) _________ him recently?
56. He (finish) ______________ his work since yesterday.
57. Peter and Daisy (be) __________ born in 1978.
58. Please be quite! You (make) ______________ so much noise so I can’t concentrate.
59. Look. A man (run) ________ after the train. He (want) _______ to catch it.
60. It (be) __________ very cold now.
61. We (go) ___________ to the theatre last night.
62. He usually (write) __________ in green ink.
63. She (play) _________ the piano when our guests (arrive) _________ last night.
64. We (do) __________ English exercise at the moment.
65. She (just come) __________ in and (see) __________ you in 5 minutes.
66. I (come) _________ as soon as my study is finished. (You be) ________ ready?
67. Where (you go) __________ for your holiday last year?
68. I (not leave) ________ Paris since we (go) _______ to Dieppe three years ago.
69. My mother (come) __________ to stay with us next weekend.
70. We (meet) __________ only yesterday and (already decide) __________ to get married.
71. I (never see) __________ snow.
72. Violets (bloom) __________ in spring.
73. We (not live) ___________ in England for the last two months.
74. I (lose) ________ my keys; I cannot remember where I last (see) ______ them.
75. He (not arrive) __________ when I (write) __________ my last letter to you.
76. Whenever you (go) _________ to town nowadays, you (spend) _________ a lot of money.
77. I (never forget) __________ what you (just tell) __________ me.

78. They (prepare) __________ the Christmas dinner today.
79. I (not see) __________ John for a long time. I (see) __________ him 3 weeks ago.
80. He is very thirsty. He (not drink) __________ since this morning.
81. Look at those black clouds. It (rain) _________
82. We (not see) _________ her since we (be) _________ on holiday in Ha Long bay.
83. Phuong (not finish) _________ her homework yet.
84. Would you like some coffee? I just (make) _________ some.
85. No one (use) _________ this car for several years.
86. Last night when we (visit) _________ him, he (do) _________ an experiment on the upstairs.
87. The sewing machine which you (use) _________ at present (invent) _________ in 1830 by French.
88. I (not see) ______ your uncle recently. - No .He (not go) _________ out since he (buy)_______ a new color television.
89. My uncle just (open) _________ a new internet house on Trang Thi street
90. Her grandfather (die) _________ 20 years ago. She (never meet) _________ him.
91. Linh's brother (lose) _________ his job last month and since then he (be) _________ out of work.
92. You (see) _________ Mrs. Chi lately? - Yes. I (see) _________ her at the school gate three days ago.
93. The door won't open unless you (push) _________ it hard.
94. As soon as I (have) _________ enough money, I'll buy a new car.
95. I (not use) _________ the car this evening, so you can have it.
96. I (walk) _________ along the street when I suddenly (feel) _________ something hit me in the back. I (not know)
_________ what it was.
97. It (be) cold when we (leave) _________ the house that day, and a light snow (fall) _________.
98. I (not see) _________ Daisy for ages. When I last (see) _________ him, he (try) _________ to find a job in London.
99. I (walk) _________ along the street when suddenly I (hear) _________ footsteps behind me. Somebody (follow)
_________ me. I was frightened and I (start) _________ to run.
100. When I was young, I (want) _______________to be a bus diver.
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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
101. I wish I (not be) ________________here now.
102. They (practice) _________________ their music lesson at 7 o'clock last night.

103. Thu (look) _______________after her little brother next Sunday.
104. This book (just publish) _______________by Kim Dong publisher.
105. The kids (sleep) ________________when the bell rang.
106. Who you (talk) _______________to on the phone now, Minh?
107. Where your new friend (live) ____________, Nga? - She (live) ________________on Hang Bac Street.
108. You (be) ____________ free next Sunday morning, Tan? - No, I and my brother___________(visit) our
grandparents.
109. Trang (not be) __________in her room at the moment. She (cook) ________________in the kitchen.
110. Lien (not go) __________________to the movie theater tomorrow. She (stay) _____________at home and watch
TV.
111. Take these pills and you (feel) ________________better then, Ba!
112. Minh (not visit) ______________the museum with his class last Sunday because he (catch) ______________a
cold.
113. The Pikes (move) ______________to London since 2002.
114. The students (play) _________________badminton at the moment.
115. Ba and Phong (know) __________________each other quite well for years
116. The phone (ring) _________________at midnight last night.
117. The Brown (travel) __________________to Asia many times.
118. What you (do) ______________ last weekend? - I (go) ________________to the theater with my family.
119. John and I (be) ___________pen pals for nearly three years.
120. We used (write) ________________ to each other every month when we (be) ______________at secondary
school.
121. Minh (know) ________________a little English, so she (wish) __________she (can) _____________speak it
fluently.
122. Maria (stay) _____________with us at the moment. She (be) _______________my sister's friend.
123. My mother (wash) ________________the dishes while we (clean) __________________the floor.
124. Listen! The teacher (explain) ____________________the lesson.
125. Viet Nam (have) _____________a lot of mountains and there (be) _______________many tall and big trees
there.
126. Lan (borrow) _______________some books from the library since Monday.

127. Uyen (take) _____________a bus to school every day.
128. Farmers often (harvest) _______________their crops in August.
129. They (leave) ______________Hanoi for HCM City yesterday.
130. You look tired. You (work) _________________hard?
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer.
1. Water at 100 degree Centigrade.
A. boil B. boils C. boiling D. is boiling
2. George ____________ to the movies very often.
A. not go B. don’t go C. doesn’t go D. not to
3. How many languages ____________?
A. do you speak B. are you speak C. are you speaking D. will you speak
4. The swimming pool ...................... at 9.00 am and ____________ at 6.30 pm
A. open/ close B. opens / closes C. opens/ close D. open / closes
5. Excuse me! I ____________ for a phone book. Is there one here?
A. is looking B. are looking C. am looking D. looking
6. Would you like a cigarette? No, thanks, I ____________.
A. not smoke B. doesn’t smoke C. don’t smoke D. am not smoke
7. Listen! Can you hear those people next door? They ____________
A. is yelling B. are yelling C. yells D. yell
8. Why ____________ your coat today? It’s very warm today.
A. are you wear B. do you wear C. you are wearing D. are you wearing
9. Where is Peter? He ____________ a bath.
A. is talking B. taking C. is taking D. is takeing
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Đề cương 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
10. I____________ your telephone number.
A. not know B. don’t know C. don’t knew D. am not knowing
11. Bad students never ____________ hard
A. works B. work C. are working D. is working

12. The farmers ____________in the field now.
A. is working B. are working C. work D. working
13. Do you know the man who ____________ there?
A. is smoking B. are smoking C. smoke D. smokes
14. Those children ____________for 2 hours every afternoon.
A. sleep B. sleeps C. is sleeping D. are sleeping
15. Light ____________ faster than sound.
A. travels B. travels C. travel D. is travelling
16. At present, that author ____________ a historical novel.
A. is writing B. write C. are writing D. writes
17. Look! The policeman ____________after a pick pocket.
A. are running B. is running C. runs D. is runing
18. He usually____________ his work before 5 o’clock
A. finish B. finishes C. is finishing D. finishing
19. They ____________to Ha Long for their last summer vacation.
A. go B. are going C. was going D. went
20. She ____________ to brush her teeth yesterday.
A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. was forgetting
21. Ba ____________his room yesterday afternoon.
A. clean and tidy B. cleaned and tidied C. cleaned and tidy
22. What ____________ yesterday at 10.20 pm?
A. are you doing B. was you doing C. were you doing D. did you do
23. You looked very busy when I (see) ____________you last night. What you (do) ___?
A. see/ did you do B. saw/ are you doing C. saw/ were you doing
24. He ____________us to go out in the boat yesterday as a strong wind ____________
A. not allow/ blow B. didn’t allow/ was blowing C. don’t allow/ were blowing
25. The boys broke a window when they____________ football.
A. played B. were playing C. had played D. are playing
26. Mr. John____________ to Los Angeles in 1992.
A. had gone B. has gone C. went D. was going

27. Why____________ you come yesterday?
A. can not B. can’t C. don’t D. couldn’t
28. While I was going to school yesterday, I____________ him.
A. meet B. met C. will meet D. am meeting
29. I ____________ about him when suddenly he came in
A. talk B. talked C. am talking D. was talking
30. It began to rain when they ________________basket ball at 4.00
A. play B. are playing C. were playing D. is playing
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE
A. PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT
I. Conditional sentence type 1
• Form
If-clause
,
Main clause
The present simple S will V
0
Main clause If-clause
S will V
0
The present simple
*will = can, may, shall
• Use:
Điều kiện loại 1 dùng để diễn tả một điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
If I have time, I will help you.
I will help you if I have time.
If I meet her, I will give her the letter.
II. Conditional sentence type 2
• Form
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Đề cương 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
If-clause
,
Main clause
The past simple S would V
0
Main clause If-clause
S would V
0
The past simple
*would = could, would, should; to be : were
• Use
Điều kiện loại 2 dùng để diễn tả một điều kiện không có thật ở hiện tại và khó có thể xảy ra trong tương lai.
If I were you, I would come there.
I would come there if I were you.
I don’t know the answer. If I knew the answer, I would tell you.
III.Conditional sentence type 3
• Form
If-clause
,
Main clause
The past perfect S Would have PP
Main clause If-clause
S Would have PP The past perfect
* would = could, should, might
• Use
Điều kiện loại 3 dùng để diễn tả một điều kiện không có thật ở quá khứ.
He would have passed the exam if he had studied hard.
If he had studied hard, he would have passed the exam.

I didn’t go to school. If I had gone to school, I would have met my classmates.
IV. Unless = If … not ( Trừ khi= Nếu … không)
If-clause

Unless
Thể phủ đònh

Khẳng đònh
( Mệnh đề chính không thay đổi)
Thể khẳng đònh

Khẳng đònh
(Mệnh đề chính đổi sang thể ngược
lại)
If you don’t study hard, you will fail the exam.


Unless you study hard, you will fail the exam.
If she doesn’t water these trees, they will die.

Unless she waters these trees, they will die.
If I have time, I will help you.

Unless I have more time, I won’t help you.
B. PHẦN THỰC HÀNH
I. Conditional sentence type 1
Put the verb in the brackets in the correct form:
Example: If it (rain) ____rains____, we (not go) ___will not go _____to the cinema.
2. If the weather (be) ___________nice tomorrow, we (drive) ____________to our
farm.

3. If we (send) ________________this message now, they (receive) ____________ it
in time.
4. He (be) __________________ angry if you (come) __________________late
again.
5. If I (have) __________________enough time, I (do) __________________this
homework.
6. I (take) ________________a photo of this beach if I (have) ______________a
camera.
7. You (be) __________________punished if you (fail) __________________the
exam.
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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
8. If it (rain) __________________this weekend, we (stay) __________________at
home.
9. She (do) __________________it if she (promise) __________________you.
10. What______ you (do) ____________if you (not have)
__________________money?
11. The kitchen (look) __________________ better if we (have)
__________________red curtains.
II. Conditional sentence type 2
Put the verb in the brackets in the correct form:
Example: If he (know) _______knew_____ the truth, he (not behave) __would not behave__ like that.
2. If today (be) ________________ Sunday, I (not have) ________________to go to
school.
3. I (be) ________________able to watch the football match if I (have)
______________a TV.
4. If they (be) ________________rich, they (help) ________________poor people.
5. What _______you (do) ________________ if you (be) ________________him?
6. If we (not lend) ________________him some money, he (die)

________________early.
7. He (not understand) ________________the question if he (not ask)
________________the teacher.
8. If I (win) ________________a big prize in a lottery, I (give) ________________ up
my job.
9. If I (be) ________________ you, I (tell) ________________the truth.
10. If I (have) ________________enough time now, I (write) ________________to my
parents.
11. If I (know) ________________his address, I (go) ________________round and see
him.
III. Conditional sentence type 3
Put the verb in the brackets in the correct form:
Example: If you (not be) _____had not been__ so busy, I (show) __would have shown__ you how to play.
1. I (understand) ________________ him if he (speak)
________________more slowly.
2. T (be) ________________glad if he (visit) ________________me in
hospital.
3. He (pass) ________________the exam if he (have) ________________got
one more mark.
4. I (tell) ________________you if you (ask) ________________me.
5. If I (know) ________________ that you were in hospital, I (visit)
________________you.
6. What ________you (tell) _______ her if you (meet) ________________
her yesterday.
7. You (not miss) ________________ the buss if you (arrive)
________________on time.
8. If I (visit) ________________ my parents, they (be)
________________happy.
9. If she (have) ________________enough money, she (buy)
________________a new car.

10. You (not watch) ________________the film if you (not have)
________________a ticket.
IV. Mixed types
Put the verb in the brackets in the correct form:
Example: If I (have) ______have __time, I will write to him.
1. If it’s cold, I (need) ________________a heavier coat.
2. What are you going to do if you (have) ________________a
holiday?
3. If I can go tomorrow, I (let) ________________you know.
4. If flowers don’t get any water, they (die) ________________
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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
5. I will go to the party unless it (rain) ________________.
6. If I got up earlier, I (not be) ________________late for work.
7. If I didn’t feel so tired, I (go) ________________.out with you.
8. If you (not pass) ________________the exam, would you take it
again?
9. If I (be) ________________you, I would apply for the job.
10. I could repair the car if I (have) ________________the right
tools.
11. If I (study) ________________hard, I would have passed the
exam.
12. If I (not be) ________________busy yesterday, I would have
visited you.
13. What would happen if you (not go) ________________to work
tomorrow.
14. If I had gone to your party last night, I (be)
________________very tired.
15. You __________________________ (not be) angry if you had

known the reason.
16. We’ll send for the doctor if he __________________________
(feel) worse.
17. Unless they turn the radio off, I __________________________
(go) somewhere else.
18. Unless it __________________________ (be) a nice day, we
won’t go out.
19. The grass would look better if you
__________________________ (take care) of it.
20. If you leave the gate open, people
__________________________ (get in).
21. If you had asked her permission, she
__________________________ (not let) you go.
22. If we leave before the breakfast, we
__________________________ (catch) the train.
23. If Tom _______________________ (ring), tell him I will phone
him.
24. If I ______________________ (know) that you didn’t like fish, I
wouldn’t have bought it.
25. I didn’t feel good yesterday. If I (feel) _____________better, I
(come) ___________to class yesterday.
26. I (get) ______________you a present if I (know)
_____________________it was your birthday yesterday.
27. If the weather (be) ______________________nice tomorrow, I
(go) ______________________for a walk.
28. I don’t have enough time. If I (have) ______________enough
time, I (go) ________________to the park.
29. I don’t understand that sentence. If I (understand)
_________that sentence, I (explain) ________it to you.
30. If I (have) ____________________enough money last night, I

(go) ______________________to see you.
31. What you (do) __________ if you (be) __________in my
situation?
32. Their marriage only lasted three months. If he (be)
__________less mean, she (not leave) _________him.
33. Good, everybody is ready. If we (leave) __________now, we
(miss) __________the rush hour traffic.
34. If you (smoke) __________less you (have) __________much
money. But I don’t think you ever will.
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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
35. We have lost the camera. If we (lock) ________the car window,
we (not give) ____them the opportunity to break in.
36. He threatens (resign) __________if we (not agree)
__________to his proposal.
37. If you (press) __________this button, a receptionist (come)
__________to help you.
38. If I (be) __________the Prime Minister, I (bring)
__________back the capital punishment.
39. The only thing I haven’t got is a garden. If I (have) __________
one, I (grow) __________a lot of flowers.
40. If he (not start) __________at once, he (be) __________late for
the train.
41. Will you give me the book if I (need) __________?
42. We (ask) them to stay with us if they (come) again next
meeting.
43. I wish I (see) __________more of him before the Second World
War.
44. If you (go) __________ away, you (write) __________to me,

won’t you?
45. There are mice in your kitchen. If you (have) __________ a cat,
the mice (disappear) __________.
Exercise 2:
Example: If I were you, I ______ that job.
a. would apply for b. will ask for c. will have changed d. can take
1. If I _______ a wish, I’d wish for happiness for my family.
a. have b. am having c. had d. was having
2. If I ____ an astronaut traveling in a cabin, I’d not be annoyed by the weightlessness.
a. am b. be c. will be d. were
3. What ____ happen if you come late for the meeting tomorrow?
a. will be b. would be c. will d. would
4. If there were no gravity, water____ never run downhill.
a. would b. will c. won’t d. wouldn’t
5. If you _____ Henry, ask him to come and see me.
a. met b. will meet c. met d. would meet
6. Unless you _____ quiet, I’ll scream.
a. don’t keep b. kept c. keep d. didn’t keep
7. I’ll be able to speak English well if I _____ hard.
a. studied b. have studied c. had studied d. study
8. If I could speak Spanish, I _____ next year studying in Mexico.
a. would spend b. had spent c. would have spent d. will spend
9. If I ____ you, I _____ his invitation.
a. am/ will refuse b. were/ would refuse c. was/ will refuse d. had been/ would have refused
10. If my father ______ here now, he would help me.
a. were b. was c. is d. would be
11. She can’t get home _____ she has no money.
a. unless b. until c. if d. without
12. If he _____ yesterday, he would be here with us tomorrow night.
a. finished it b. had finished it c. finishes it d. has finished it

13. If an object is let off in the cabin of a spaceship, it ______.
a. floated b. is floating c. will float d. would float
14. ___we find new sources, we will soon run out of energy.
a. if b. unless c. when d. only
15. Unless we ____ throwing garbage into the river, it will be polluted.
a. stop b. don’t stop c. will stop d. won’t stop
16. If the questions______ not too difficult, we ____ them.
a. were/ could answer b. are/ could answer c. were/ can answer d. are/ can answer
17. If you were not sick, ______ with us?
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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
a. will you come b. would you come c. do you come d. are you coming
18. If they didn’t live so far away, I _____ them every week.
a. visit b. visited c. will visit d. would visit
19. If you ______ us about the bad service, we’d have eaten there.
a. didn’t tell b. wouldn’t have told c. hadn’t told d. had told
20. If Allie had come sooner, he ____ dinner with us.
a. could have eaten b. would being eaten c. was eating d. could eat
21. If it _____ convenient, let’s go out for a drink tonight.
a. be b. is c. was d. were
22. If you ____time, please write to me.
a. have b. had c. have had d. has
23. I shouldn’t go there at night if I __________you.
a. am b. was c. be d. were
24. If I __________a pole, I’ll go fishing.
a. can b. could c. may d. might
25. If they had enough time, they __________head south.
a. will b. can c. must d. might
26. If you had the chance, __________you go fishing?

a. did b. may c. would d. do
27. if you had a choice, which country would you visit?
a. have b. had c. have had d. will have
28. If I found a wallet in the street, I __________take it to police.
a. will b. should c. would d. shall
29. I don’t really want to go to their party, but I probably will go. They would be offended if ___go.
a. didn’t b. don’t c. will d. will not
30. What would you do if you __________a million pounds.
a. win b. won c. will win d. a and c
31. I’m not tired enough to go to bed yet. I wouldn’t sleep if I __________to bed now.
a. go b. went c. had gone d. would go
32. I __________that coat if I were you.
a. wouldn’t buy b. didn’t buy c. don’t buy d. won’t buy
33. If you __________here yesterday, you __________me.
a. were/would meet b. had been/would meet c. were/would have met d. had been/would have met
34. If I was offered the job, I think I __________it.
a. take b. will take c. would take d. would have taken
35. I would be very surprised if he __________.
a. refuses b. refused c. had refused d. would refuse
36. Many people would be out of work if that factory __________down.
a. closes b. closed c. had closed d. would close
37. If she sold her car, she __________much money.
a. gets b. will get c. would get d. would have got
38. They would be disappointed if we__________
a. hadn’t come b. wouldn’t come c. don’t come d. didn’t come
39. Would George be angry if I __________his bicycle without asking?
a. take b. took c. had taken d. would take
40. She __________terribly upset if I lost this ring.
a. will be b. would be c. were d. had been
Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentence

1. I am poor; I can’t travel around the world.

If I were not poor, I could travel around the world.....................................................................................................................
2. I feel so ill, I don’t go to work. ....................................................................................................................................................
3. I don’t have much time; I can’t learn all my favorite subjects. ...................................................................................................
4. I am not a millionaire, I can’t help all people. ............................................................................................................................
5. The accident happened because the driver in front stopped so suddenly. ..................................................................................
6. I didn’t wake up because I didn’t know you wanted to get up early. ..........................................................................................
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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
7. I had a cold because I walked in the rain. ...................................................................................................................................
8. She didn’t buy the watch because she didn’t bring enough money with her. ..............................................................................
9. They didn’t sell the house because their children wanted to keep it. .........................................................................................
10. Mrs. White fell down because she was too weak. .....................................................................................................................
11. He failed because he didn’t do the exams well. ........................................................................................................................
12. She couldn’t come because she had to work overtime. .............................................................................................................
13. He couldn’t hear you well because you spoke so softly. ...........................................................................................................
14. I couldn’t answer the phone because I was having a bath. ........................................................................................................
15. He doesn’t have the money and he cannot afford a new car. ....................................................................................................
16. Susan felt sick because she ate 4 cream cakes. .........................................................................................................................
17. We didn’t know your phone number, so we could not contact you. ...........................................................................................
18. The price of petrol was raised last month, so car sales have dropped again. ............................................................................
19. I cannot go to the beach with you this weekend because I have a date with my own classmates. ............................................
20. She didn’t hurry, so she missed the train. ..................................................................................................................................
21. I never get very lonely because I have lots of good friends. .....................................................................................................
22. We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough time. ................................................................................................
23. We got lost because we didn’t have enough time. .....................................................................................................................
24. The match can be cancelled because it rains heavily. ...............................................................................................................
25. He lost all his money because he wasn’t careful. ......................................................................................................................

26. Because Simon doesn’t live near his mother, he can’t visit her often. ......................................................................................
27. His parents were very disappointed because he failed his final examination. ..........................................................................
28. If you hadn’t told me about Sue’s hair, I wouldn’t have noticed. Unless...................................................................................
29. If you don’t take morning exercise, you will be weak. Unless...................................................................................................
30. If you don’t see that film, you will be sorry. Unless...................................................................................................................
31. You will get lost if you don’t take a map with you. Unless.........................................................................................................
32. They will kill him if he doesn’t tell them the truth. Unless.........................................................................................................
33. If we don’t protect the forest, the environment will be soon destroyed. Unless.........................................................................
34. I will wait her if she calls me. Unless.........................................................................................................................................
35. I will choose that blue jacket if isn’t too expensive. Unless.......................................................................................................
36. If it doesn’t rain, we will go for a walk. Unless..........................................................................................................................
37. I will buy a bike if I don’t go on holiday.  Unless.......................................................................................................................
38. I will visit them if I have enough time.Unless............................................................................................................................
39. I don’t have free time, so I can’t go to see him. ........................................................................................................................
40. She didn’t explain him the situation, so he didn’t understand it. ...............................................................................................
41. I don’t know enough about the machine, so I can’t mend it myself. ..........................................................................................
42. I don’t ride the work every morning because it’s always crowded. ...........................................................................................
43. Not enough money is spent on cancer research, so prevention has not been found. .................................................................
44. The wind is blowing so hard, so I won’t take the boat for a ride. ..............................................................................................
45. Nick can’t find the way because he hasn’t got a map. ...............................................................................................................
PASSIVE VOICE
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Đề cương 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
A. PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT
S + V + O
S + Be +V
3/ED
by O
Tenses Active Passive

The simple present S V/V
S/ES
O S is/ am/ are V
ed/3
by O
The simple past S V
ED/2
O S was/ were V
ed/3
by O
The future simple S Will V
0
O S will be V
ed/3
by O
The present continuous S is/ am/ are V
ING
O S is /am /are being V
ed/3
by O
The past continuous S was/were V
ING
O S was/were being V
ed/3
by O
The present perfect S have/ has VE
D/3
O S have/ has been V
ed/3
by O

The past perfect S had VE
D/3
O S had been V
ed/3
by O
Modal verb S Mv V
0
O S Mv be V
ed/3
by O
B. PHẦN THỰC HÀNH
I. Passive voice: The simple present tense
Example: The secretary opens the mail every morning. The mail is opened every morning by the secretary.
1. People don’t use this road very often.  This road..........................................................................................................
2. I wash the dishes in the evening.  The dishes................................................................................................................
3. He often does exercises every night.  Exercises...........................................................................................................
4. She usually decorates the room at weekends. The room..............................................................................................
5. Daisy always sings country songs.  Country songs........................................................................................................
6. She often give her sister sweets.  Her sister..................................................................................................................
7. Nam and Peter often water these trees.These trees......................................................................................................
8. They produce cars in this country.  Cars........................................................................................................................
9. We don’t allow smoking in this restaurant.  Smoking...................................................................................................
10. Do pupils clean the room every day?  Is........................................................................................................................
II. Passive voice: The Past simple tense
Example: To Hoai wrote the story.  The story was written by To Hoai
1. The waiters cleaned the rooms last night.  The rooms..................................................................................................
2. They caught the elephant again.  The elephant.............................................................................................................
3. She bought the watch at the shop.  The watch...............................................................................................................
4. They built the house in 1950.  The house......................................................................................................................
5. We did the exercises last week.  Exercises...................................................................................................................

6. The pupils sent the letters the day before yesterday.  The letters.................................................................................
7. He learned the lesson two week ago.  The lesson.........................................................................................................
8. Nguyen Du wrote Kieu story.  Kieu story......................................................................................................................
9. She made the cake last night.  The cake.......................................................................................................................
10. Daisy washed the dishes last night.  The dishes............................................................................................................
III. Passive voice: The future simple tense
Example: The army will complete that project next year.  That project will be completed by the army next year.
1. They won’t punish him.  He.............................................................................................................................................
2. They will ask you a lot of question at the interview.  You...............................................................................................
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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
3. They will give her a new one.  She..................................................................................................................................
4. Tom will visit his parents next month.  His parents.........................................................................................................
5. Some people will interview the new president on TV.  The new presidents...................................................................
6. They will finish the work next week.  The work.............................................................................................................
7. Somebody will call Mr. David tonight.  Mr. David..........................................................................................................
8. The State will assign our students to different jobs.  Our students..................................................................................
9. When will you do the work?  When.................................................................................................................................
10. He won’t tell me the truth about the situation.  The truth about the situation..................................................................
IV. Passive voice: The present continuous tense
Example: She is cleaning the house. The house is being cleaned by her.
1. My friends are eating an orange.  An orange..................................................................................................................
2. They are watching the film.  The film.............................................................................................................................
3. We are doing the exercises.  The exercise......................................................................................................................
4. She is cutting the paper right now.  The paper.................................................................................................................
5. They are singing the songs in the room.  The songs........................................................................................................
6. We are reading the book now.  The book........................................................................................................................
7. The students are discussing the questions.  The questions...............................................................................................
8. My father is repairing my bike.  My bike........................................................................................................................

9. She is cooking the meal in the kitchen now.  The meal..................................................................................................
10. About thirty thousand people are watching this program.  This program.......................................................................
V. Passive voice: The past continuous tense
Example: She was picking the flowers at 3:00 pm yesterday.  The flowers were being picked by her at 3:00.pm yesterday
1. He was painting the house when I came.  The house......................................................................................................
2. The teacher was reading the book when we came.  The book........................................................................................
3. Mary’s mother was washing the clothes.  The clothes.....................................................................................................
4. Her friends were drinking coffee at the cafe.  Coffee.....................................................................................................
5. He was boiling the eggs when I saw him.  The eggs.......................................................................................................
6. His brother was painting the door.  The door...................................................................................................................
7. Thu was waiting for him at the school.  He......................................................................................................................
8. We were doing the exercises.  The exercises..................................................................................................................
9. They were painting the gate of the school.  The gate of the school.................................................................................
10. They were doing the bedroom on Friday.  The bedroom.................................................................................................
VI. Passive voice: The present perfect tense
Example: His boss has transferred him to another department. He has been transferred to another department by his boss.
1. They have taken her to the hospital.  She......................................................................................................................
2. They have cancelled the meeting.  The meeting...........................................................................................................
3. Someone has moved my chair.  My chair......................................................................................................................
4. Someone has given him a lot of money.  He.................................................................................................................
5. We have invited all the students in the school.  All the students...................................................................................
6. We have told him not to be late again.  He...................................................................................................................
7. Our teachers have explained the English grammar.  The English grammar................................................................
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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
8. Have you finished the above sentences?  Have above sentences.................................................................................
9. The police have arrested the mugger.  The mugger......................................................................................................
10. The police have arrested five suspects Five suspects...................................................................................................
VII. Passive voice: The past perfect tense

Example: They had printed the book before 1950.  The book had been printed by them before 1950.....................................
1. She had mended the bicycle.  The bicycle.......................................................................................................................
2. They had exported the rice before May.  The rice..........................................................................................................
3. I had waited her before I came here.  She.......................................................................................................................
4. No one had met me before I left.  I .................................................................................................................................
5. He hadn’t eaten the cakes.  The cakes.............................................................................................................................
6. They had cleaned the car by 3 p.m.  The car...................................................................................................................
7. My friend had bought the house before 1990.  The house...............................................................................................
8. Had he asked some questions?  Had some question.......................................................................................................
9. I had studied the tenses before May.  The tenses............................................................................................................
10. The school boys had wasted a lot of time.  A lot of time.................................................................................................
VIII. Passive voice: Modal verb
Example: You should brush our teeth twice a day.  Our teeth should be brushed twice a day.................................................
1. He might have caught the fish.  The fish...........................................................................................................................
2. She could have washed the dress.  The dress...................................................................................................................
3. She is not going to pick many flowers.  Many flowers.....................................................................................................
4. Parents should give children a lot of love.  children.........................................................................................................
5. You must wash your hands.  Your hands..........................................................................................................................
6. He can speak four languages.  Four languages.................................................................................................................
7. You must keep dogs outside shops.  Dogs........................................................................................................................
8. Children should treat old men with respect.  Old men......................................................................................................
9. My classmates used to call me John.  I ............................................................................................................................
10. He can’t repair my bike.  My bike....................................................................................................................................
IX. Passive voice: Mixed types
Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentence using passive voice.
1. My father waters this flower every morning. ..................................................................................................................
2. A stone broke the window. ..............................................................................................................................................
3. The servants didn’t do the work. .....................................................................................................................................
4. She often takes her dog for a walk. .................................................................................................................................
5. The army will complete that project next year. ..............................................................................................................

6. They won’t punish him. ...................................................................................................................................................
7. People don’t use this road very often. .............................................................................................................................
8. The manager always welcomes new employees. ...........................................................................................................
9. We are following them. ...................................................................................................................................................
10. The airplanes are dropping booms. .................................................................................................................................
11. The keepers were feeding the lions. ...............................................................................................................................
12. They have taken her to the hospital. ...............................................................................................................................
13. They had fastened his whole body to the ground. ...........................................................................................................
14. The school boys had wasted a lot of time. ......................................................................................................................
15. We write letter to our friend once a week. .....................................................................................................................
16. We clean the garages everyday. .....................................................................................................................................
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Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
17. Someone has given him a lot of money...........................................................................................................................
18. The police arrested two hundred people. ........................................................................................................................
19. We export this computer to seventy different countries. ................................................................................................
20. They have cancelled the meeting. ..................................................................................................................................
21. We have invited all the students in the school. ...............................................................................................................
22. They posted all the letters yesterday. .............................................................................................................................
23. The police found two children in the forest. ...................................................................................................................
24. They will hold a meeting before May Day. ....................................................................................................................
25. Mary is cutting the cake with a sharp knife. ...................................................................................................................
26. The teacher is going to tell a story. .................................................................................................................................
27. An earthquake destroyed the town. .................................................................................................................................
28. He didn’t type the letter last night. ..................................................................................................................................
29. They will pick me up at my house. .................................................................................................................................
30. When did you see him in that bank? ...............................................................................................................................
31. My father will take me to Ho Chi Minh City next week. ................................................................................................
32. A man returned the keys to me. ......................................................................................................................................

33. Mary will see her friends off at the station. ....................................................................................................................
34. Workers were digging a large hole in the ground. ..........................................................................................................
35. Countries are finding a way to solve the problem. ..........................................................................................................
36. They can't make tea with cold water...................................................................................................................................
37. The chief engineer was instructing all the workers of the plant..........................................................................................
38. Somebody has taken away some of my books....................................................................................................................
39. They will hold the meeting before May Day......................................................................................................................
40. They have to repair the engineer of the car........................................................................................................................
41. The boy broke the window and took away some pictures..................................................................................................
42. A man I know told me about it............................................................................................................................................
43. No one believes his story....................................................................................................................................................
44. Do they teach English here?................................................................................................................................................
45. Will you invite her to your wedding party?.........................................................................................................................
46. Did the teacher give some exercises?.................................................................................................................................
47. Have they changed the window of the laboratory?.............................................................................................................
48. Is she making big cakes for the party?................................................................................................................................
49. Why didn't they help him?...................................................................................................................................................
50. You mustn’t use this machine after 5.30 pm.......................................................................................................................
51. You must clean this machine very time you use it..............................................................................................................
52. Someone will drive your car to London on Tuesday...........................................................................................................
53. They will send you your examination results when they are ready....................................................................................
54. In this August, They will build a new house........................................................................................................................
55. The teacher can give him good marks because he is an excellent......................................................................................
56. Someone will serve soft drinks...........................................................................................................................................
57. Tolstoy wrote “War and Peace”..........................................................................................................................................
58. Shakespeare wrote “Hamlet”..............................................................................................................................................
59. Hemingway didn’t write “Hamlet”.....................................................................................................................................
60. Someone built that house in 1930........................................................................................................................................
61. They opened the factory at 9 o’clock..................................................................................................................................
62. They posted all letter yesterday..........................................................................................................................................

63. We invited fifty people to the party....................................................................................................................................
64. Last night someone broke into our house............................................................................................................................
65. Ba invited Liz to the rice-cooking festival..........................................................................................................................
66. They held the festival in the communal house yard............................................................................................................
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Đề cương 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
67. The council leader awarded the first prize to Mekong team...............................................................................................
68. Someone will translate this letter into Vietnamese.............................................................................................................
69. Alexander Bain invented the facsimile in 1843..................................................................................................................
70. They dry the beans in the sun.
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer:
1. “I heard you decided to take up tennis.” – “Yes I have _______since last week.
a. been played b. been playing c. playing d. play
2. “Are we about to have dinner?”- “Yes it __________in the dinning room.”
a. is serving b. serves c. is being served d. served
3. “We are still looking for Thomas.” “Hasn’t he __________yet?
a. been found b. to find c. found d. being found
4. You ___________by my secretary next week.
a. will notify b. would notify c. will be notified d. is going to notified
5. The wheel __________thousands of years ago.
a. invented b. has invented c. is invented d. was invented
6. I still can’t believe it. My bike _________last night.
a. was stolen b. was stealing c. stolen d. stole
7. Today, many serious childhood diseases _________by early immunization.
a. are preventing b. can prevent c. prevent d. can be prevented
8. Kieu story ______________by Nguyen Du hundreds years ago.
a. is written b. has been written c. wrote d. was written
9. The questions ______________by the students at the moment.
a. are discussed b. will be discussed c. have been discussed d. are being discussed

10. Many people ___________killed in the accident last night.
a. had been killed b. were killed c. killed d. being killed
RELATIVE CLAUSE
A. PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT
I. Defining relative clause (Mệnh đề quan hệ xác đònh)
Đây là mệnh đề cần thiết vì danh từ mà nó bổ nghóa là không xác đònh. Mệnh đề quan hệ bổ nghóa cho danh từ trước
nó, làm cho người đọc và người nghe hiểu được danh từ được đề cập là ai, là gì. Không có nó câu sẽ không đủ nghóa.
The man who lives next door to me is very friendly.
The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.
II. Non-defining relative clause (Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác đònh)
Đây là loại mệnh đề không cần thiết vì danh từ mà nó bổ nghóa đã được xác đònh cụ thể, không có nó câu vẫn đủ
nghóa.
Mr. Thanh, Who is from Ha Tinh province, is a friendly English teacher.
Ha Noi, which is the capital of Vietnam, is in the north of Vietnam.
Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác đònh được ngăn với mệnh đề chính bằng dấu phẩy.
Trước danh từ thường có : this, that, these, those, my, his, her… và danh từ riêng.
III. The use of relative pronouns and relative adverbs
• Relative pronouns
 Who: who là đại từ quan hệ chỉ người đứng sau danh từ chỉ người để làm chủ từ cho động từ đứng sau nó.
The man who is standing over there is Mr. Pike
 Whom: whom là đại từ quan hệ chỉ người, đứng sau danh từ chỉ người để làm tân ngữ cho động từ đứng sau nó.

Whom làm tân ngũ có thể được bỏ đi trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác đònh.
That is the girl whom I told you about.
 Which: which là đại từ quan hệ chỉ vật, đứng sau danh từ chỉ vật để làm chủ từ hay tân ngữ cho động từ đứng sau
nó.

Which làm tân ngữ có thể được bỏ đi trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác đònh.
The dress which I bought yesterday is very beautiful.
This is the book which I like best.

 That: That là đại từ quan hệ chỉ cả người lẫn vật. That có thể được dùng thay cho who, whom, which trong mệnh đề
quan hệ xác đònh.
This is the book that I like best.
Lu hµnh néi bé Nguyễn Đáng High School
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Đề cương 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
That luôn được dùng sau các danh từ hổn hợp (gồm cả người lẫn vật), sau các đại từ everything, something,
anything, all little, much, none và sau dạng so sánh nhất.
 Whose: Whose là đại từ quan hệ chỉ sở hữu. Whose đứng sau danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật và thay cho tính từ sở hữu
hoặc sở hữu cách trước danh từ. Whose luôn đi kèm với một danh từ.
John found a cat whose leg was broken.
• Relative adverbs
 When: When là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ thời gian, đứng sau danh từ chỉ thời gian. When được thaycho at/on/in + danh
từ thời gian hoặc then.
May Day is a day when people hold a meeting.
 Where: Where là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ nơi chốn, đứng sau danh từ chỉ nơi chốn. Where được thay thế cho at/on/in
+ danh từ nơi chốn hoặc there.
Do you know the country where I was born?
 Why: Why là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ lí do. Why thay cho for which.
Relative pronoun
(Đại từ quan hệ)
Noun replaced
(Danh từ được thay thế)
Functions
(Chức năng)
Who
Danh từ chỉ người Làm chủ từ
Whom
Danh từ chỉ người Làm tân ngữ
Which

Danh từ chỉ vật Làm chủ từ hoặc tân
ngữ
that
Danh từ chỉ người,vật, thay thế cho which,whom,who
trong mệnh đề hạn đònh
Làm chủ từ hoặc tân
ngữ
whose
Tính từ sở hữu hoặc sở hữu cách Làm chủ từ hoặc tân
ngữ
B. PHẦN THỰC HÀNH
I. Defining relative clause: ( Mệnh đề hạn đònh)
Exercise 1: Use who, whom or which to combine the two sentences
1. The girl is hospital now. She was injured in the accident.......................................................................................................
2. I know a shop. It sells really good meat..................................................................................................................................
3. The boy is very nice. I know him from school........................................................................................................................
4. The shoes are too big. My mother bought them for me..........................................................................................................
5. I still have the book. You gave me that book........................................................................................................................
6. A river is not safe for swimming. It is polluted......................................................................................................................
7. The doctor was very gentle. He examined the sick child.......................................................................................................
8. The man standing over there. I was telling you about him.....................................................................................................
9. The meeting was interesting. I went to it................................................................................................................................
10. I like the dress. She was wearing it........................................................................................................................................
11. We don’t like the stories. They don’t have happy endings....................................................................................................
12. The milk was very good. We had it this morning...................................................................................................................
13. Thank you very much for the gift. You gave it to me last time..............................................................................................
14. The book was too expensive. I wanted to buy it.....................................................................................................................
15. The girl is really intelligent. We admire her..........................................................................................................................
Exercise 2: Use whose, where, when to combine the two sentences:
1. The city was famous for its food. We spent our vacation in that city...........................................................................................

2. This is the story of a man. His wife suddenly loses her memory..................................................................................................
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Đề cương 10 Grammar Some other grammar points
3. They have just rebuilt the building. I work in that building.........................................................................................................
4. The building is very modern. She lives in that building...............................................................................................................
5. Yesterday I met a woman. Her son is a doctor.............................................................................................................................
6. The woman is a teacher. Her daughter is my classmate.............................................................................................................
7. 1983 is the year. She was born in that year.................................................................................................................................
8. I feel sorry for the boy. His parents were dead............................................................................................................................
9. The man is very friendly. His wife is very beautiful.....................................................................................................................
10. I will show you the second-hand bookshop. You can find valuable books in this shop...............................................................
II. Non-defining relative clause: ( Mệnh đề hạn đònh)
Combine the two sentences using relative pronouns or relative adverbs:
1. Ba likes playing the guitar. He lives on Trang Tien Street............................................................................................................
2. Neil Armstrong lived in USA. He first walked on the moon........................................................................................................
3. Miss Lien is my English teacher. She sings very well...................................................................................................................
4. The Nile is the home of a great variety of fish. The Nile is in Egypt............................................................................................
5. The movie Harry Potter is coming soon. I’m longing to see it...................................................................................................
6. Peter is studying French and German. He has been abroad.........................................................................................................
7. We are moving to Manchester. Manchester is the North West...................................................................................................
8. I’ll stay with Adrian. His brother is one of my closet friends........................................................................................................
9. Cuc phuong is a famous nation park. I came there along time ago..............................................................................................
10. Thu wants to drink some medicine. She had a headache..............................................................................................................
III. Mixed typed (Bài tập tổng hợp)
Exercise 1: Combine the two sentences using relative pronouns or relative adverbs
1.The building seems new now. It was very old................................................................................................................................
2.I went to see a doctor. He told me to rest for a few days................................................................................................................
3.A friend helped me to get a job. His father is the manager of the company..................................................................................
4.He protested to a woman. Her dog bit him.....................................................................................................................................

5.I was waiting in a chair. It suddenly collapsed. .............................................................................................................................
6.Please post the letters. I wrote them this morning..........................................................................................................................
7.I will introduce you to a man. His support is necessary for your project........................................................................................
8.A man brought in a small girl. Her hand had been cut....................................................................................................................
9.A man said Tom was out. He answered the phone.........................................................................................................................
10. The problem has been discussed in class. We are very interested in it......................................................................................
11. A lot of fish died everyday. They live in the polluted sea..........................................................................................................
12. We have a new teacher. I really like her....................................................................................................................................
13. She‘ll tell you the story. That story will surprise you..................................................................................................................
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