Chế tạo và đặc trưng hệ vật liệu mao quản trung bình chứa kim loại chuyển tiếp (v, ti, pt) làm xúc tác cho phản ứng oxi hóa một số hợp chất hữu cơ

DAI HOC 01 OC GIA IIA NOI
IRIJONC DAI HOC KlIOA HOC I i M l l K N
xvivfxWKyrxxwxJfTCKXXXX^rx

Dfi lAI NGIIIKN Cl'j'U KIlOA HOC CAP DAI HOC QIJOC GIA IIA NOI

c m - : TAG VA DAC TRUNC HE VAT LIKIJ MAO QUAN
rRllN(; BiNH ( IIIIA KIM LOAI CHUYKN TIKP (V,Ti, Pt) LAM
XIJC lAC C l i O PI IAN IJN(; OXI HOA MOT SO HOP CHAT H C U CO

Ma so
: QT-07-22
Clui tri cle tai : ThS.Nguyen Tlii Minli T/nr

OAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI
TRUNG TAM THONG TIN THU VIEN

Df/ HT
Ha N'oi-IOO?


DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI
IRLONC DAI HOC KIIOA HOC IL NHIKN

BAO CAO TOM T A T
KKT QUA NC.IHKN CIJU 1)E TAI NCIHEN CUU KHOA HOC
CAP DAI HOC: QUOC CIA IIA NOI

JEN DETAI:
ClJi-; TAO VA DAC I RUNG HE VAT I.IHU MAO QUAN TRUNG BINH
CIIUA KIM I,OAI CIIUYHN ill-;]' (V.Ti. Pi) LAM XUC lAC CHO PIIAN

UNO OX! I lOA MOT SO I lOP CI lAI I lO'U CO

Ma so
: QT-07-22
Clui tri (Je tai : 7/^V. Nguyen Thi Minh Thw

CACCAN BOTIIAM CIA
SV. N<»iiytMi Anil I iisin
KTV.Iran Hon<; Co

Ha Noi -2007


BAO CAO l O M TAT KE I QL A CUA DE TAI NCIHEN CIJ U
CAP OAI HOC QUOC CIA HA NOI QT-07-22

1.1 cn tie tai:
''Che tao vii clue trim}; he vat lieu mao qudn triint; hinh chiia k'un loai

chuyen

tiep (V, Ti, Pt) lam xuc tdc cho phdn I'm^i oxi hod mot so hop chat him co' ".
Ma so: QT-()7~22
2.CI1U tri de tai: NCS, ThS, N^iiiySn Thi Minh

Thir

3.Cac can bo tham gia:
- SV. N<>uyen Anh

Tudn

- KTV. Iran lldnii Co'
4. IMuc tieii va noi tlun<^ n<5hicn ciVu:
4,1. Miic tien ni»hien ci'm\
Cuiiu \6"i SLi" phal iricii cua khoa hoc \at lieu ihi \ al lieu xuc lac doiig \ai
tm quail Irong Ironu sir phal Irien do. Mien na\. nhTrug cong nghe sach

C\'^)ng

nghe than ihien luoi Iru'oug \ 6"i eac xuc lac "xanh" dang iiga_\ cang phal Irieii
nhain dap u'ug \eu cau cua new cong nghiep hoa chal hien dai. Khoa hoc xuc lac
dang lurong \ ao \ lec lim ra cae chal xuc lac c6 hoal linh. do chon Ipc cao. mong
nuion gop phan \ ao \ ice chuxcn hoa \ a long hop cac chal nioi cung nlur gop
phan \ ao \ ic*-' h^io ^ C' n^oi iru'ong. Song song \ oi cac xuc lac c6 cau Iruc /colil.
cac xuc u'lc di ihc ircn co" so" cac kirn k)ai chuyen liep niiu" V. Pi. Au. C'e. Mo. ...
dang la mol huong nghien ci'ru phal Irien manh do linh uu \ iel \ e kv ihual dieu
che dcrn gian \ a hieu qua xuc lac cao. Vice phan tan cac kirn loai chuyen liep
U-en \at lieu nen niao quan Irung binh nham lao ra he \ al lieu xuc lac co nhieu
ULi diem. c!io phep cinixen hoa cac hop chal hCru co phan lu krong Ion. cong
kcnh nhu la eac lecpen. caebohidraL ...lao ra cac hop chal co gia Iri.
Muc liei! eua de lai \\i\\ la long hop \a dae iru'ng eac he \ al heu niao quan imim
binh chua kini loai chu\en liep VX)^/ 1 i-MC'M-41: Pi MCM-41 \ a danh i^ia linii
chal xue lar eua ehuiig lrt>ng phan I'rng oxi hoa o.-pinen. niel\l oleal \ a ulucose


4,2.Noi (Inn}* n}ihien
-

cim:

long hop cac he val lieu MCM-41. Ti-MC:M-41. V : ( V r i - M C M 4 r ' va

Pl/MCM-41.
- Dae iruiig eac he \ al lieu long hop duoc bang eac pinrong phap \ al 1> \ a hoa 1>
hien dai: XRl). SP.M. 11.M. ll.-TPR. ...
- Danh i>ia linh chal xuc lac cua cac he \ at Heu Iron" phan unii oxi hoa a-pinen
(V,{VTi-MCM4]). elyl oleal (ri-MCM-41). glucose (V.O./1 i-MCM41

\a

Pl/MCM-41). San pham phan I'mg duoc phan lich bang eac phuo'ng phap: sac ky
khi - khoi pho (CIC-MS). sac ky long-khoi pho (PC-MS) \ a sac ky l()ng hieu
nang cao (I IP-I.C).
5. Cac ket qu:i n<^hicn ciVu da dat d n o c
5.LN}ihien

cuu

cohdn:

- Da long hop duoc cac he \ al lieu MCM-41. ri-MCM-41. V.0s/Ti-MCM41 \ a
Pl/MCM^M.
- Da dae iruiig eac he \ al lieu long hop du'oc bang cac phuxrng phap \'al ly \ a
hoa K hien dai: XRl). S1-:M. rb;M. 11-IPR. ...
- Vice danh gia tinii chal xue lac cua eua eac he \ al lieu Irong phan irng oxi hoa
(x-pinen

(V;()v ri-MCM41 ). elyl

oleal

(Ti-MCM-41).

glucose

(V.^Os/ii-

MCM41 \ a Pi MCM-41) da duoc lien hanh. Kel qua cho ihay he xuc lac mao
quan irung biiih ehua eac kirn k)ai chu}en liep V. Ti phu hop cho sir chon loe
epoxi hoa troiig khi he \ al lieu mao quan Irung binh ehua kim loai qu\ ihich ho'p
cho sir oxi hoa chon loe glucose.
5.3Xdc san phdni khoa

hoc:

- Da cong bo 0^' cong Irinh khoa hoc diroi dang bao cao khoa hoc lai Hoi nghi
Hap phu-Xue lac U)an quoe Ian ihir IV. 2007 \ a Hoi nghi Khoa hoe \ a C OUL'
nghe 1 loa 1 luu eo' loan quoe Ian ihir IV. 2007.
5.4. Ket (/na ilito tao:
- Iham uia dao lao 2 eu" nhan.


6, Tinh hinh kinh phi ciia de tai:
Kinh phi duoc ca|): 20 trieu dong
Cac chi phi nhirsaii:
1 - 116a chal. dune cu. ihue khoan ehuven
mon:
yen mon
t^

17.6 trieu

•

2- Van phong pham. in an lai lieu :

0.8 Irieu

3- Chi phi kliac :

1.6 trieu
Cong :

KIIOA QUAN LV

20 tricii

nd noi J ngdy iSthdngJ^ndm
Chii tri de tdi

PGS.TS Nguyen Van Noi
I hS. Nguyen Thj Minh Thu

IRUONC; DAI ll()( KIIOA HOC 11 NIIIKN

^\^iJ

Tf^LTONG

/^G;----

B^.i^i^;i,^^,C.^Lj^

2007


SUMMARI/.E KKPORT OF THE PROJECT
OF VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSFI Y HANOI

1. Title: Synthesis

and

charactirization

mesoporoiis

materials

transitive metals (V, Ti, Pt). Stiidyin}> catalytic properties
oxidation some ort^anic

containin};

of those materials

in

compounds.

2.Codc: QC 11X04.01
3. Person of project: Ni^uyen Thi Minh Thu
4. Key implementers:
1. Nguyen Ihi Minh Ihu

Director

2. Nguyen Anh Tuan

Implemenler

3. 1'ran Hong Co

Implemenler

5. The lagets and the contents ol'stud) o l t h e project:
-

S>nlheri/ing ihe malerial sxslems ri-MCM-41. V.O^H i-MCM-41 and
Pi MCM-41.

-

Characleri/ing ihose malerial s_\slems b> melhods: XRD. Raman. 11IPR. SkM
Sludxing ealal}'iie properlies of ihose malerials in oxidalion some organic
compounds: u-pinen. melh\ loleale and glucose.

6. Main results:
-Results in

science:

I Ihe suppor malerials i\'lCM-41. ri-MCM-41 were s\nlhcsi/ed 'and
characleri/ed.
\ Dispered nano si/e \anadiun oxide on ri-MCM-41 and plalinium on
MC^M-41. eharaeleri/ed b\ chemi-pii\sieo techniques: XRD. Raman. 1 HI PR, I I M . ...
i SUidied llie ealaixlie properlies of ihe malerials sxslems in oxidalion
some organic ei)mpounds: t/-pinen. melh) loleale and glucose. Ihe results


showed thai the V20s/'ri-MCM-41 is effective catahst for oxidalion cxpincn and melh> loleale. Pt-MCM-41 is cffeeli\e catal\sl for oxidalion
ulucose.
CI?

Results in trainin};:
1 wo bachelors have been trained.
Publication:
Two reseaeh papers ha\ e been publiched.
Hanoi, December

2007

Person of project

Nguyen Thi Minh Thu


DAI HOC 01 OC CIA HA NOI
IRIJONC DAI HOC KIIOA HOC TU NHIEN

BAO CAO TOAN VAN
KKT QUA NCHIKN CIJU DK TAI NCHIKN CUU KHOA HOC
CAP DAI HOC QUOC CIA HA NOI

TEN I)i: lAI:
Cllh TAO VA DAC IRUNCJ 111; VAT l.lHli MAO QUAN TRUNG B I N M
CIIU'A KIM l.OAl CHUYKN TIHP (V.IT Pt) l.AM XUC lAC CHO I'llAN
UNO OXI IlOA MOT SO HOP C H A T IIU'U CO

Ma so
: QT-()7-22
CTiii tri dc (ai : ThS. NguyC'ii Thi Minh Thu

CAC CAN BO THAM CIA
SV. N<^iiytMi Anh fiian
KTV. I ran Hfing Co

Ha Noi-2007


MUC LUC
•anu
MO DAU

1

I.TONGQUAN
II. MUC riHU VA

^
NOI D U N G NGIIIKN C U U C U A

III. PlIUONG PHAP

DK lAI

NGIIIAN C U U

3
16
16

IV. CAC KHI QUA NGIIIHN CUU VA THAO LUAN

17

4.1. lonj^ hop vat lieu

17

4.1.1. long hop vat lieu mao quan Irung binh MCIVI-4I

17

4.1.2. long hop vat lieu ri-MCM-41

18

4.1.3. long hop vat lieu V20s/Ti-MCM-41

19

4.1.4. long hop vat lieu Pt/MCM-41

19

4.2. (^ae phu<)'n<5 phap tiac trunj^ vat lieu

20

4.2.1. Phu'cyng phap nhieu xa Ro'nghen (XRD)

21

4.2.2.Phu'o'ng phap pho tan xa Raman

28

4.2.3. Phuong phap khu I K theo ehuo'ng Irinh nhiel do 11:-1 PR

29

4.2.4. Phuo'ng phap ehup anh hien vi dien tu truyen qua

31

4.3. Danh "ia hoal (inh xiie tae

32

4.3.1. Phan u'ng oxi hoa a-pinen

32

4.3.2. Phan irng oxi hoa met}i oleat

38

4.3.3. Phan irng oxi hoa glueose

44

V.KI-T QUA Kl lOA I IOC VA DAO TAO

S3

VI. TAI Ml.U n i . W l KIIAO

54

PIIU LUC

60


MO

DAU

Hien nay nhu'ng cong nghe sach (il chal thai \'a khong doc hai) ha\ con goi la
cong nghe than ihien moi truang vai cac xiic lac "xanh'' dang ngay cang phal Irien
nham dap li'ng ycu cau cua ncn cong nghiep hoa chat hien dai. Da co nhifiu nghien
cu'u cai lien cong nghe, giam san phAm phu nang cao hieu sual cua qua Irlnh,
nghien cii'u nhu'ng ca scV khoa hoc cho vice xii If cac chat thai rdn
lao ihanh cong nhu'ng val lieu xuc lac moi co hieu qua kinh Ic

long

khi. Che

ky ihual cao du'Oc

ung dung rong rai khong chi Irong ITnh \'u'c moi Iru'ong ma con Irong nhieu ITnh \uc
khac nhu chat hoal dong bC mat, duoc phaim, my phalm, Huong lieu, thuoc bao ve
ihu'c vat, polime....
I km 40 nam qua, eac vat lieu /eolit va vat lieu tuang ty zcolit voi eac tinh
chat axit, ba/o', oxi hoa khu, krong chue, ... da dong mot \ai iro v6 cung quan
trong voi nhieu irng dung ti'ong cong nghe hap phu va xuc lac, su dung Irong nhieu
eac qua trinh hoa hoe khac nhau. \u\ nhien, duong kinh mao quan va eac hoe rong
eua he vat lieu iia\ nho, khoanu 5,3 den 5,6 A chi thich ho'p cho viee ehuvcMi hoa
eac phan tu nho khong the dap ung cho cae qua Irinh gom co nhieu phan lu Ian,
eonu kenh.
Dau thap nicMi 90, mot phat minh mang tinh dot pha cua hang Mobil la long
hop ducK vat lieu mao quan trung binh (MQTIi) M41S. He vat lieu nay voi kich
thu'oe mao quan 20 - 500A, be mat rieng Ion 1000

1400m"/g va rat dong deu, co

kha nang tao eac nhom ehue be mat khac nhau. Thanh cong na\ da mo' ra co hoi

day trien \'ong trong ITnh \ ire long hcyp xue tae, tao ra nhirng vat lieu nen, vat lieu
xue lac cho phep ehii\en hoa cae hop chat eo phan tu krong Ion, cong kcnh kich
ihuoe Ion nhir k\ cae teepen, cae hop chat eaebohidrat ... tao ra cae hop chat eo gia
tri |6,7,8,9|.
IVong nhfrng nam gan day, ben canh cae xue tae eo cau true /eolit trcn eo so"
nhom silieat \ 6i tinh chat axit dae trung, cae xue lac di the tren eo' so cae kim loai
chuyen tiep meialosilicat, kimloai qui hoac to hop eua chung : V, Pt, Au, Ce, Mo,
... dang la mol luro'iig nghiC'n ei'ru phal trieMi manh do tinh uu \'iet \ e ky thuat dieu
ehe, linh da dang \ e kha nang xue tae \ a hieu qua xue tae cao | 4 | . De khac phue
nhiroe diem dien lich be mat ihap, do ben eo' hoe thap \ a de bi ngo doe doi vo'i cae
1


hgp chal chira N, S hoac cac san pham da ngimg lu, cung nhu lang do boat dong
cua xuc lac, xu huang nghien cuu hien nay la phan Ian eac kim loai ehuven liep
du'cVi dang cac hat co kich ihuoc nho, kich ihuac nano Ircn chal ncn hoac chat
mang nham lang dien lich be mat cua val lieu, bien linh chiing de lao ra \'al lieu to
hgp CO nhu'ng hieu ung vugt cong linh va lang do ben cua xuc lac.
Huong nghien cuu eua de tai nay dua trcn y tuang kel hgp cac uu dicMii \e
hoal tinh xue lac eua cac kim loai chuyen tiep, kim loai quy vai cau true mao quan
rong cung be mat rieng Ion cua \al lieu mao quan trung binh, nham lao ra he val
lieu xue lac moi phu hgp cho eac qua Irinh oxi hoa nhCrng hgp chat hu'u co" eo phan
lu krgng Ion, cong kcnh: (x-pinen, melyl oleal va glueo/a ihanh cac hgp chat co gia
tri.


I. TONG QUAN
•i

1.1. Qua trinh xiic tae oxi hoa ehon loe - mot trong nam phan ung co' ban de

djnh huxVng cong nghe nham dat hieu qua kinh te cao
Qua Irinh xuc lac oxi hoa chon loe (Catalytic selective oxidation processes,
viel tai CSO) khong chi la mot ITnh vue quan trong trong irng dung cong nghiep ma
con la mot van de hap dan trong nghien cuu | 9 | . So vai cac he xuc lac Iren kim loai
da duge nghien cuu nhieu. cae qua trinh xue lac trcn oxil kim loai da giiip khai pha
nhung hieu biel moi ve moi quan he giCra cau true xue lac va co" che phan ung oxi
hoa, mot van de bet sue phue tap trong phan ung dong the cung nhu phan ung di
the I 10|. Xue tae oxi hoa duge su dung rong rai trong cong nghiep hoa hoc, cong
nghiep hoa dau, cong nghiep long hgp duge pham va long hgp hCru co tinh vi.
Theo so lieu thong ke nam 1991 cho thay trcn loan the gioi, gia Irj cac san pham
hCru CO' di tir eac qua trinh xue tae oxi hoa chon loe chicm tren 40 ti USD trong
long so 147 ti USD san pham cua cae qua trinh xue tae, chicm 1/5 vc khoi krgng
trong loan bo eac nganh san xuat hoa chat. Rieng doi \6i My, thj truang xue lac
oxi hoa chieMu 105 trieu U'SD, xep thu 2 sau ITnh \ ire xuc lac polime hoa | 1 1 |. Sir
phat irien manh me Irong ITnh \ ire xuc tae oxi hoa gan lien voi eac xu huong cai
tien cong nghe | 1 1 |. Do la:
-

Sir thay ihe eac ngii>en lieu tho: xu hirong tha\ the parafm bang olcHn hay eac
hgp chat tho'm. (\ie iiua trinh dieu ehe anhidrie maleie tir butan ha\ pentan duac
tha\ the banu nuuxen lieu dau la ben/en, de san xuat acrylonitrin neuai la
khong su dung propan ma dung propilen. Cac nguycn lieu dau nay giup don
gian hoa qui trinh cong nghe\ cho hieu sual cao \ a san pham tinh khict ho'n.

-

I loan thien eac he xiic tae eo san vai xu huong tha\' the eac he xuc lac dong the
bang xiie tae di the. d i a n g han tha\ he xuc tae PdCk/CuCk bang Pd'7Mo-V-P
irong cae qua irinh ehu\ en hoa olefm thanh xelon.

-

Cjiam so giai doan eua qua trinh de tang hieu qua kinh te, \ i du su dung qua
trinh oxi hoa xuc tae mot giai doan tir propilen thanh axit aer\ lie tha\ \ i phai di
qua san pham trung gian acrolein truoc daw

-

(jiam cae san pham phu tao ra. nham tang hieu cjua kinh te do giam dirge chi
phi taeh \ a iranh ga} 6 nhiem do cae chal thai cho moi truong | 12|.


-

Noi bat trong eac xu huong cai tien nay la \ice phal trien cac qua irinh moi:
vice lien hanh trong eac dieu kicn sicu ban (supercrilical conditions), su phan
bo xuc lac tren chat mang, su dung eac chal phan ung duai dang mang mong
(thin film) 11 1 | la nhung minh chung ve su phal Irien cac ky thuat moi de khac
phue cac nhirge diem cua cac qua trinh truoc day.

1.2. Phan ling oxi hoa tecpcn
1.2.1. Phdn iing oxi hod

monotecpen.

Tren the gioi va ca 6 Vici nam noi chung, monotecpen phan bo rong rai
trong lU nhien, trong dc) co ca trong cac ca the song, bao gom vi khucTin, nam, lao,
con trung va tham chi' ca o cac dong val bac cao ca sau, hai ly,...[17| nhung chu
yeu monolccpen van dirge san xuat rong rai luihuc val can. No la thanh phan chinh
cua tinh dau cac loai hoa, cac loai tinh dau ihao moc. Trong do. dau thong chii'a hai

d6ng phan alpha \ a beta pinen la hai monotecpen chfnh. Con trong cac linh dau
khac nhu cam, chanh...chua nhieu lecpen cung dong vai Iro quan Irong trong cong
nghiep tao huong va nuoc hoa...
Cac san phfim lu' monotecpen, hay cac hgp chat chua noi doi noi chung co
gia Iri cao trong cong nghiep tao huong lieu va hucrng vi, la cac thanh phan Irong
cong nghiep che lao dung moi, chat lay rua, hoa hoc nong nghiep xa trong nganh
duoc lieu. I l x p e n andehil, ancol \'a este thuong la nhu'ng chat quan Irong trong
nhom thanh phan lao mui Iho'm Ion nhal | 8 | . Trong hoa hoc lecpen, su epoxi hoa
chon loe la rai ciuan trong. Cac chal oxi hoa theo ti le hgp ihu'c dung cho phan ung
nay ihudng la cac pcaxit hu'u eo. phu'o'ng phap nay lao ra nhieu san phclm phe thai
va khong chon loe \o'i \iec dieu che epoxi nhay axil. Tranh hien lugng nay, nhieu
nizhien cuu sir ditiiu he

XL'IC

Uic bao izom eac ho'p chat cua x'onlVam, xuc tae nhom

silieat mang lilan. peroxolungslophotphat. mt)l}'pden. phu'c xanadi. mangan

da

duoc sir dung cho nhieu muc do thanh cong cung nhu la han che khac nhau.
Patricia cung cong su da thu'c hien phan ting oxi hoa limone. 3-carcn,...dijng lac
nhan lUO. tren he xiic lac (\)/SiO. khac nhau cho siin phixm rat phii'c tap 118|. Vf
du nhir khi dinig he xuc lac (AVSiO.. limonen ta(^ ra 3 san phAm chfnh: limoncn
oxil, earxeon, CcU\eol. li'ong khi do caren lao ra hon hop san pham \a'\ dtVchon loe
ihap, nhu 3-caren 5 on \a 3 earen-2.5-dion. khong eo san pham epoxi hoa....nhu
sau:
4

We

1

M?i

Mv

I

K'*6?

0

TH,

M.

.0

Me'

CM-

O

Me'-^^^-

1+1- or i i-Liinoii'

MF

M^
.-O

Mt^ •

H

CHv
i' *j

o
M^

-X
CH,

.. O

Me-/^"
o

C n'''..'on

Trong thoi gian gan day, da co mot so nghien cu'u rat ihii vi vC phan ung oxi
hoa chon loe cac anken noi chung cung nhu cac monotecpen noi rieng tren cac xiic
lac sinh hoc, xuc lac en/ym. braces Arnold cung cac cong su da nghien cuu phan
li'ng epoxi hoa cac anken C^-C^ hoac cac axil beo mach dai trcn xiic Uic

Cylochromc P45() BM3 lao ra cac san pham the allyl | 2 3 | . Lindmark lienrikson va
eac cong su' da Ihu'c hien phan u'ng oxi hoa \'a este hoa cac lecpen a-, (Vpinen \'a
limonen Ircn xuc lac en/ym (\)/\, IPP, DMAPP. ( \ \ L , ... 122'-'| lao ra cac san
pham lerpincol, sobrerol, \erbenol ,...1^uy nhien, vice sii' dung xiic Uic en/ym
Ihu'Ong khong kha thi trong qui mo cong nghiep va dae bicl trong ditiu kicn nuoc la
hien nay.

1.2.2. Phdn im}^ oxi hod a-pinen: Due trimg vd ihi}^ ^/('"A'
Sir epoxi lioa cac olelln boi xiie tae la mot phan ung quan trong trong nghien
cuu cung nhir trong cong nghe hoa chat do kha nang ehu\en hoa kinh te. Cae san
pham epoxi hoa la nhCrng hgp chat trung gian eo gia Irj trong ITnh vue long hgp eac
hull CO' tinh \i, lao ra cae hgp chat tinh khiet | 1 5 | . a-pinen, la loai hgp chat co
nhieu trong tir nhien. no ki thanh phan chinh eua linh dau thong, mot loai ea> pho
bien o Viet Nam. Sir oxi hoa alpha pinen dirge quan tam Ian bo'i cae san pham eua
no CO nhieu ung dung quan trong irong cong nghiep cung nhu trong doi song, \ i du
nhu \erbenon. diing de long hgp taxol. la mot lac nhiin duge ly. Con eac san pham


lecpcnie andeh} I, rirgii. esle va epoxi duge xem nhu cac chat dau dc long hgp duge
pham, chal lao miii Irong ehe lao my pham, nuoc hoa, chal lao huong \\ ... Dae
bicl la cae chal epoxi duge dung rong rai nhu* la cae nguycn lieu tho cho cac loai
nhua epoxi, so'n, chal hoal dong be mal, eac chal trung gian Irong ITnh vue long
hgp hu'u CO linh khict. Tren the giai, vice nghien cii'u, che tao cac chal hoal dong
be mat dang chira nhom etilenoxil hoac nhom hidroxi tir cac dau thirc \at da duge
ihue hien nhieu \ a i so lugng Ion. Trong so rat nhieu cac che pham eua dau ihue
vat, mot dan xuat dae trung va duge su dung rong rai nhal la cae san pham ehua
oxi nhu eac hgp chat chua nhom etilenoxil hoac nhom hidroxi. No la ihanh phan
khong the thieu Irong nhieu san pham nhu chat lay rua, chal hoal dong be mat, lam
duo'c pham... Iu\ nhicMi o Viet nam, van de na\' chua duoc dau tu mzhien cuu
nhieu.

Cac san pham oxi hoa chira oxi eua a-pinen, cung vai monoglyxeril tir dau
ihue vat tao ra nhirng to hgp chat boat dong be mat khong ion co nhieu irng dung
Irong linh vue chat lay rua, chat tao nhu tuong, chat phu gia,...dung nhieu trong
san xual cong nghiep, cuoc song hang ngay,...
Nhieu bao cao \ e sir oxi hoa tu dong eua cac monotecpen bao gom (/-pine,
(]-pinen va limone trong sir eo mat eua Ti, /r,...tren \'at lieu chira Si hoac Al

da

xuat hien nhieu uan da\. C.^ac phan irnu huu co lru\en thonu dun^ eac chat phan
ung phan irng theo ti le hgp thirc bo'i boat tinh sieu vict o nhiel do thap, nhirng san
pham phire tap, nhieu san pham phe thai | I6|. Nhom cae lac gia Maria K. Lajunen,
va cac cong sir thirc hien phan irng oxi hoa a-pinen ircn xue lac Co(II) vai tae nhan
la oxi khong khi cho rat nhieu san pham \ o eiing phue tap nhu verbenol, verbenon,
sorbrerol, p-xinien, eampholenie andehit, ...Khi chuyen hoa a-pinen bang xiie tae
en/ym, Lindmark lienrikson \ a eac cong su cung thay rang phan ung lao ra rat
nhieu cae san pham khac nhau: sobrerol. xerbenol. \erbenon ... nhu sau |LA,B|:


on
(/

•trans-Sobrcrol
-+trans-Sobrcrol

lerpincol

OI

(X

MMIL'IU)!

pincn

trans-Verbenol

Verbenon

PiiiocatA col

Hien na\', xi su phat IricMi ben vung vc van dc moi truang, cac du liiat va
dieu le eiia cong nghiep san xuat xanh dang cang tro ncn chat che ho'n. Nhirng
ihaeh thirc dau tien doi \ oi ncn cong nghiep san xuat hoa chat linh khict la phai lim
ra cac qua trinh sach eo hieu qua cao va han ehe toi da lugng san pham phu, hoac
phai tao ra cae to hgp cong nghe sir dung san pham phu cua qua trinh nay la
nguycn lieu cho qua trinh khac. Vi du crackinh xiie tae eua qua trinh loe dau vai
muc dich tang ham krgng xang, tang tii so oetan eua xang thuang co nhieu san
pham olefin nhe, \ i \ a} phai eo cong nghe hoa dau di kem voi cac qua trinh san
xuat PI-. PP. PVC, ... Mol trong cae phuo'ng phap do la su dung cac vat lieu xiie
lac chon loe \oi lirng qua trinh .
1.3 Phiin lin^ oxi hoa dau thuc vat va iin<> dung
1.3 J. lin}^ (f{'fii! ^'ff^f ^/^/'' ^/'''^" 'T'^
Co xap \i 150 Irieii tan dau va mf)' du'Oc san xuat IrcMi loan the gioi \ao nam
2003. Thanh phan chinh cua dau thirc \'al la este ciia axit beo voi glixeri. I'iiy theo
Ihanh phan cau tao cua axil beo chua trong dau qu\et dinh li'ng di.ing cua chung.

7

Trong dau dua va dau co co nhi^u axit beo mach ng^n va trung binh (chii yeu la C,.
va C,,) rai ihfch hgp vai cac qua trinh phan ling sau hon ihanh chat hoaf dong be
mat. Dau dau tu'(mg, dau cai va dau huong duong chii'a cac axil beo mach dai (C,^)
dirge dijng lam nguycn lieu iho cho li'ng dijng polime va chal boi Iron.
Tu quan diem hoa hoc do, Iriglixcril se co hai lam hoal dong. Do la lien ket
doi trong chuoi axil beo khong no va nhom axit ciia mach axil do. Phan li'ng di6u
che dfin xual duge lien hanh 6 nhom cacboxylic duoc sii" quan Uim dae bicl (hon
90%), trong khi phan ung '\)leochemicar' co su tham gia ciia mach alkyl hoac lien
kel doi chi yeu cAu thap ho'n 10%. De u'ng dung nh\6u hon, dfiu va ma phai duge
chia nho thanh cac san phan nhu: axit beo, glycerol, melyl este ciia axit beo cijng
nhu cac cac san pham hydro hoa khac. Tii' do nhieu san phslm mai duge san xual va
irng dung lam chat hoal dong be mat, chat nhu hoa, chat deo hoa cho polime xh
chai boi Iron.
Chal hoal dong be mat ihu'Ong duge chia thanh 4 loai: chat boat dong be mat
cation, chat hoal dong be mat anion, chat boat dong be mat khong ion va chat boat
dong be mat lu'dng ifnh tuy thuoc vao loai va kha nang tuong tae voi moi truong
nuoc. Chat boat dong be mat duge dung rong rai Irong nhieu ITnh vue khac nhau,
quan trong nhai la chat ta\' riia. phan tan chong dong can, lao nhu-khir nhu, chong
mai mon, my pham, hoa du'Oc....(^hiing cung du'Oc diing Irong ITnh vue ihuc pham,
bao ve mua mang, khai thac mo, chai luyen quang xa trong san xual son, thuoc
nhuom va giay...
Chat tao nhu duoc diing de che tao mot nhu tuong hoac lang do ben vu'ng ciia
nhu tuo'ng khac. Monoglixerit daac diing trong cong nghe ihuc pham voi khoi
lu'ong Ion do khii nang tao nhu tuong ciia he chat beo-nu6c-protein, thuc day kha
naniz lao cac hai dau beo don^ nhal cuni^ nhu tao ra cac hot khf ben tron^ he, lanu
kha nang bao boc cac boi khf ciia mang protein. Do xay chiing duac dung hau hel
trong cac loai banh m\', banh ngot nhu mot chat chong dong ran ciic amilopeclin
ciia linh boi \'a gifr do xop lau dai. Khi co mat cua 1% monoglixerit trong thanh
phan keo dang cai'amcl sc ban che toi da sudfnh ncn giup cho x'iec dong goi \'a bao
quan de dang hon. Chiing ci)n dong \ai Iro nhu cac chat phii gia lam lang do tan

ciia huong lieu \ a phu gia khac khi dua \'ao he.
1.3.2.Su oxi hod ddu thuc vat
8


Oxy boa xuc lac la mot cong nghe duge sii' dung rong rai dc san xual cac san
pham chua oxi quan trong Irong cong nghiep, cong nghe hoa hoc, cong nghiep hoa
'' dau, cong nghiep long hgp cac chat hUu ca tinh vi [21, 22, 27, 31]. Cac cong nghe
oxi hoa CO dien thuang gay 6 nhi6m moi truong vi sii* dung cac tae nhan oxi hoa
nhu dicromat, pcmanganal. Cac cong nghe do diin dan thay the boi cac cang nghe
oxi hoa sach hon, hieu suai cao ban, cac chat xuc lac dong vai tro rat Ion.^Nhu'ng
vice lua chon cac lac nhan oxi hoa cung hel sii'c can trong vi chiing quyel dinh
khong nhij'ng hieu suai phan u*ng ma con lugng chat thai 6 nhiem moi truong.
Trong cac phan u'ng nay, phai co phoi lii' bCn oxi hoa va no c6 the lam on dinh Irang
thai hoa tri cao ciia cac tieu phan oxometal gio'ng nhu cac phoi lu" hii'u ca. Do chfnh
la phuo'ng phap gan cac ion kim loai trong pha

UCMT VO

cct. Oxi hoa xiic tae di the

trong pha long voi chat xiic tae la cac ray phan tii" oxi boa khii' co nhu'ng ung dung
ro ret trong cac phan u'ng oxi hoa chon loe cac hgp chat hu*u co nhieu nhom chii'c
phu'c tap, do ben nhict thap. Ban than cac phan tii' loai nay cung ben trong moi
truong oxi hoa, cau Iruc mao quan dong dCu, vi trf cac lam kim loai redox taeh bicl.
han che su mal hoal do xiic tae, va co kha nang xiic lac chon loe hinh dang, he
thong ihiei bi cong nghe llurc hien theo phu'ong phap nay don gian \a de dieu khicn
ho'n.
Oxi hoa dau thuc val la mot phan u'ng quan trong ve phucmg dien thu'o'ng mai
vi qua trinh nay cho nhieu san pham khac nhau co ting dung phong phii. Dae biet la

khi phan u'ng dirng lai cV giai doan epoxi tao cac epoxil co the lam lac nhan'men deo
vii nhu'ng chai on dinh polime...ngoai ra con duoc diing nhu nhu'ng chat trung gian
trong vice san xiiai cac dan xual da dang boi vi ifnh boat dong cao ciia vong epoxi
bi cang ra. Vf du rugu bac
hydroxy lesler.

I, rugu bac 2, cac diolefin.

N-hydroxyalkyllamide,

mercaptoalcohol.

alkoxylalcohol,

aminoalcohol

va

hydroxynitrile co the duo'c san xual theo duong mo vong epoxil \ai cac chai phan
U'ng phii hgp | 2 I . 22|.

1. 4. Cacbohidrat: dae trun<> \ a lin^ dunCacbohidral la mot hgp chat hiru eo* quan trong xuat hien trong thien nhien.
Ben canh eac axit nucleic, protein xa lipit, eacbohdrat la mot thanh phan ihiel yeu
eua sinh \al. CaebohiLli'al co mat trong moi sinh \al \ oi \ai tro trung tam tj'ong sir
sinh long hgp ngii_\en ihu> cung nhir trong sir san sinh va du trCr nang lugng \ a \at


lieu. Thuoc vao lap cacbohidral la eac chal nhu xenluloza, val lieu khung chu ycu
cua ihuc val, tinh boi, pectin va cae duong nhu glucoza va saccarozo. 0 dong \at

bac cao, glueozo" la mot thanh phan quan Irong eua mau \ a xual bien duai dang
chat polymer glycogen trong gan va co. Cacbohidral ton lai duai dang lien ket
Irong adenosin triphotphat, mot chat chia khoa trong su du Iru nang lugng sinh hoc
va van chuyen nang lugng trong ca ibe sinh val, va Irong cac axil nucleic la nhung
chal CO ehue nang luu giu' va truyen ma di Iruyen cung nhu dieu khicn su sinh long
hgp protein. Cacbohidral la ticMi than lai yeu eua tat ca cae san pham trao doi chat
khac; duge tao thanh nguycn thuy boi qua trinh quang hgp. Chung la nguon goe
eua tat ca cac hgp chat huu ca eua giai sinh vat.
Thuat ngu" cacbohidral duge diing cho loan bo nhom cac san pham thien nhien co
lien quan vai cac duong dan gian. Ta phan chia cacbohidral thanh cae duong va
cac polisaecarit. C^ac dai dien cua cac nhom nay (vi du glucoza, saccarozo', linh
bot) deu la eac nguycn lieu cjuan trong eua cac qua trinh cong nghiep (cac-nguNcn
lieu lai sinh).
Trong khoang may ehue nam iro lai day, vice nghien cuu eaebohidrat da eo nhung
buac phal tricMi manh me, dae biet trong ITnh vue sinh hoe, eaebohidrat
(iilvcobiolouN ) hoac hoa sinh hoe cacbohidral (ulvcobiocbemistrv). Su tanu nhanh
cae kicn thirc \ e ITnh \ ue na\, bao gom ca nhirng hieu biet ve y nghTa sinh hoe eua
eaebohidrat eac loai doi \ oi moi sinh vat, lai cung kich thich vice nghien ciru khoa
hoe huu CO' ve eaebohidrat \ a irng dung cae phirong phap val li hien dai vao khao
sat cau tnic, dae biet la pho cong huxrng tir hat nhan va pho khoi lugng.

1.4. L Phdn unt^ oxi hoa

eaebohidrat

Cdc phironi: phdp oxi hoa co dien:
Cae duong co the bi oxi hoa bang cae con duong khac nhau. 0 andozo',
nhom andehit la \'i tri nhay cam nhat. Phuong phap oxi boa thong thuang la diing
Brom trong mot dung dich dem \ai mot gia tri pi 1 tir 5-6. San pham 1^ cac axit
andonie, thi du I)-LI1IICO/O'cho axit D-glueonie.

0

,


COOH

HC-O
H

OH

H

OH

-H

HG-

HO—~H
H

-OH

H-

OH

^[()\

H-

-OH

H-

-OH

H2C—OH
H^C OH

Axil D-gluconic

D-glucozo'

Tuang tu eac axit y va 5-hidroxicaeboxylie, cac axil onie ncu tren de taeh nuoc de
lao thanh cac y hoac cS-lacton, vai su uu lien lao thanh y-laclon. Su de bj oxi boa
cua cac andozo' da duac su dung cho nhieu phuong phap phan lich duong eo dicMi
duge cip di^ing pho bicMi truoc day, nhu thuoc thu l-elinh, thuoc thu Tolan
Dung djch T'elinh chira ion phire eua dong laetral, thuoc ihu nay khong ket lua mau
do gach eua CTbO khi oxi boa andozo". Trong moi truong kiem cae xetozo' bi
chuyen thanh i\ndo/.o\ va eac chat nay bi oxi hoa boi phue chat dong.
Dung dich Tolan chira ion phire bac amoniacat va cho phan irng duong tinh \d\
'dndo/.a \ a xetozcr.
Cae axit andonie la cac hgp chat dau quan trong de long hgp cae xctozo" cao hon
cung nhu de iboai bien thanh eac andozo* thap hon.
Voi eac tae nhan oxi boa manh hon, thi du axit nitric dam dae, thi a andozo khong
chi nhom andehit ma ca nhom ancol bac mot cung bi oxi boa thanh nhom

cacboxxl. San pham la cac axit andarie. thi du D-glucozo" cho axit D-gluearic, Dmannozo'axit D-mannarie \ a D-galaclozo'axit galaetarie.
COOH

COOH
H
HO

COOH

OH

[HO-

H

H-

H

MO --

H

HO

-H
-H

H—

OH

H-

OH

HO

H-

OH

H—4

OH

H-

COOH

Axit D-ulucaric

COOH

Axit D-mannarie

-OH

-OH
COOH

Axit ualaetaerie


Phdn im^ len men:
Nha lac dung cua cae enzim khac nhau, phan tu glucoza iham gia \ a a eac qua
trinh phan cat phiic tap (phan irng len men), lao thanh cae san pham cuoi 4:ung nhu
elanol, axil bul}rie, axil lactic, axit xitric..., dong thai co giai phong ra san pham
khi nhu IN, CO2. Tii\' theo ban chat eua san pham thu duge ta phan biet cae phan
ling len men sau:
-

Len men rugu: tao ra san pham la ancol elylie.
cnil 111

CJI,:.(),

> 2C:11.011 ^ CO2

- Len men butyric: san pham la axil butyric
cnzini

C,ll,:0.

>

ClL-CIL-ClL-COOTI-f 2CO: + 2IIi
Axit butyric

-

LLMI

,

men lactic: san pham la axit lactic
cnzini

C,l l,:(),

> 2CI IrCI 1011-COOI1
Axit lactic

1.4.2.Phdn mv^ oxi hoa D-}^lucozo'
Su oxi hoa gliicozo" la mot phan li'ng quan trong trong nghien cii'u cung nhu tronu
conu nnhc hoa chat do kha nanu chuxen hoa kinh le. Cac san pham oxi hoa la
nhung hgp chal irung gian eo gia tri trong ITnh \ i^rc long hgp eac hiru eo tinh \ i, tao
ra cae hgp chal linh khiel | 15|. (ikicozo la loai hgp chal eo nhieu Irong tu nhien,
rat pho bien o \'iei Nam. Sir oxi hoa glucozo' duge quan tam Ion boi cae san pham
eua no eo nhieu ung dung quan trong trong cong nghiep cung nhu tronu doi sonn

12


OH

C^

oxidation:

Ho---L^^q
OH
glucose P^

^ HO'T----'^.
~
HO-_--'-~---A
QH 0
gluconolactone

OH
I /

CROxidation

HO::..--—-COOH

OH
gluconic acid

OH

C^oxidation.

HO ^

OH

OH

-,. ,J^^
HO \
NO-

k-

HO • : ^ - - - " C O O
OH

gluconate

.^-OH
-^-COOH
'OH

glucaric acid

OH

--^-VtCOOH

- i CJH
c^uconic add

H0\--~C00H

o
2-keto-gKjconlc acid

Sir o x i hoa " l u c o / o " \i\ eac d a n xuat t r c n cac x u c tae k i m loai

Ngay nay, sir oxi hoa glucozo' tao thanh cae axit cacboxylic, dieacbox} lie nhir axit
sacearie, axit gluconic, tactarie, succinic, glucaric,... la mot phan ung quan trong
trong nghien cuu cung nhu trong cong nghe. Cae axit cacboxylic nhan duge lu qua
trinh na\ co the dirge sir dung de dieu ehe chat lay rua, tao phue lam phan bon qua
la, lam chat lao man cho gom sir, su dung trong thuc pham | 8 , 10, 15,| va dae biet
gan da}', axit D-Cjlueonie, 13-glucarie eon duge su dung nhieu trong duge pham
lam chat chong ung thir.
Cac phan ung huu ca truxen thong dung cac chat phan ung phan ung theo ti le
hgp thuc boi hoal linh cao a nhiel do thap, nhung san pham phue tap, khong ebon
loe 11 11. Nhirng thach thuc dau tien doi voi nen cong nghiep san xuat boa chal linh
khict la phai tim ra eac qua trinh sach \ ai muc dich ban ehe toi da lugng san pham
phu. Mot Irong cac phirong phap do la su dung cac val lieu xiae tae ebon loe voi
tirng qua li-inh.
Nhieu bao cao \ e sir oxi hoa xue tae eua cac cacbohidral trong su co mat eua
cac kim loai chuxCMi liep tren \at lieu chua Si hoac Al da xual bien nhieu, gan day
da CO mol so hiroim nuhien cuu trong \ ice diing xuc tae eo cau triic xae dinh ciino

13


vai hidroperoxil (I I2O2 hoac peroxit hun ca) nhu la chat oxi boa cho phan ung oxi
hoa ebon loe.
1,5. Xuc tae cho qua trinh oxi hoa chon loe
Oxi hoa xi^ic lac la mot cong nghe duge su dung rong rai de san xual eac san
pham chira oxi quan trong trong cong nghiep. Trong cong nghiep hoa dau \ a cong
nghiep long hgp cac eac hgp chat hiru co' tinh vi, cac cong nghe oxi boa co dien sir
dung cac tae nhan oxi hoa nhu diclomat, pcmanganal, ... thuang gay 6 nhiem moi
truong. Do vay, eac cong nghe do dang dan dan duge thay the bang cac cong nghe
oxi boa sach, hieu sual cao hon | 3 | .

Cac kim loai quv nhu ho Pt, Pd, Au ihuanu duo'c lua ebon lam xiie tae cho
cac phan irng oxi hoii hoan loan |20'^|. Vao cuoi nhung nam 1960, ngudi ta sir
dung xiic tae Pl/Rd cho phan irng xu ly khi thai va xiic tae Pd cho phan irng
axctoxyl hoa olelln. Khi su dung cae he xiie lac kim loai quy nay de lien hanh oxi
hoa chon loe can chii y phai ihire hien qua trinh trong dieu kicn khu (du hidreaebon
va thieu oxi), neu diing du oxi thi cae kim loai qui sc xiie tae cho phan irng oxi hoa
hoa loan nga} a nhiel do ihap (200

250"C^). Xiie tae Ag cung da dirge nghien ciru

\ a irnu duim lir rat lau cho cae phan irnu oxi hoa etilen thanh etilen oxit ha\ oxidehidro hoa elanol thanh axelaldehit. Ag cung duo'c hang BASl' su dung thanh
cong cho phan irng long hgp Ibrmandehit |2P^|. I)a\ cung la xiic tae du\ nhal co
do chon loe cao cho phan irng oxi hoa chon loe etilen de tao hgp chal epoxi (etilen
oxit) trong pha khi. '\\\\ nhieMi, hien na\. khi ma \ an dc moi truong dang ngay cang
"nong", \'iec ban ehe eac san pham phu, eac chat thai la mot yeu cau bat buoc doi
vai cac qu\' trinh cong nghe hien dai huong nghien ciru su dung cac kim loai quy
lam xiic tae cho cac phan irng oxi hoa lai diro'c quam lam nhieu bo'i uu diem cua
loai val lieu na>, do la linh ben. do chon loe cao. ban che cae san pham phu \ a kha
»

nang lai su dung nhieu Ian.
Cian daN. da co mot so lurong nghien ciru trong \iec dung xiic tae eo cau true
xae dinh eiing \oi hidi'operoxil (I b O : boae peroxit hCru eo') nhu la chat oxi hoa cho
phan ung oxi hoa chon loe. Vat lieu mao quan trung binh nhu la zcolit.
aluminophotpliat(AlP()). silieonakiminophotphal (SAPO) eiing \'ai su sap xep eo
Irat tir cua cac kenh mao quan dang dirge nghien ciru rong rai. Nhiing \at lieu na\
14


CO be mat Irong Ian va co cac lam dae trung la eac kim loai boat dong, su phan bo

cao cua cac lam boat dong giiip cho qua trinh sieu ebon Ige. Mot so qua Irinh cong
nghiep moi dua Ircn muc lieu nay dang phal trien. Mot vi du dae trung la TS-K
mot dang silieat bien linh vai Ti la chat xiic lac cho qua trinh epoxi boa olefin, oxi
hoa rugu va hydroxyl boa phenol Irong su eo mat cua I ^ O i da duge ihuo'ng mai
hoa. Mot van de chinh la nhung vat lieu xiic lac micropo mang eo kich ibuae nho
(co khoang 5,4-5,6 A) nen TS-1 chi xue lac cho phan ung oxi boa cac hgp chat hCru
CO CO kich thiroc phan tu nho hon kich thuoc mao quan cua no, vi du nhu phenol,
eac ancol mach thanu nho, cac anken, ankan, eac hop chat tham co khoi krone
phan tu thap | 1X|. Da eo nhung nghien ciru dua titan vao mang linh the cac zcolit
CO mao quan Ion ho'n nhir zcolit Y, mordenil. Beta, ...nham long hop xiie tae oxi
hoa cho eac hidroeaebon phan tu Ion song ket qua hien con rat ban che [24* |.
Trong mot so nam gan day, Young va cong su 117| va mot so nha nghien
ciru khac dang lam vice \6i cae dang mangan tren vat lieu silic mao quan trung
binh IVlCM-41. Xiao cimg cong dua ra vice long hgp va dae trung cua xiic tae
M'rS-9 cho do ebon loe cao trong phan irng epoxi boa styren va oxi hoa
trimetylphenol, do boat dong xiic tae eua chiing da cao h(m ban so \'ai cua TS1| I8|, eiing voi khong gian ba chieu 16 rong bo'n se cho phep giai quyel cac chat
phan irng cong kenh.
Nhirng nghien ciru moi su dung \al lieu mesopo chira kim loai chuyen tiep
nhu ri-MCM-4 1 ,V-I IMS...de chuyen hoa cae hgp chat huu co' kich thuoc khac
nhau da bat dau dwgc chii y 120,21 |. Da\' la mot huong nghien ciru eo hieu qua va
nhieu ly ihii. Vice phan lan kim loai chuyen tiep, kim loai quy hoac dua oxit kim
loai vao mao quan cua \at lieu mesopo da tao ra he \at lieu mai eo nhieu tinh chat
mai va eac uu diem virgi ti'oi. Theo dinh huong na\ chiing toi thuc bien ehe tao eac
he xiic tae livn ca so* \ (il lieu mao quan trung binh chira eac kim loai chu\en tiep,
kim loai qui (V, li, Pt) su dung cho qua trinh oxi boa ebon loe mot so hgp chat
huu eo: (x-pinen. met> 1 oleal \ a glucoza voi muc dich tao ra nhirng san pham
monu muon, co nhieu irng dung trong thuc ticMi.


II. MIJC TIEU VA NOI DIJNC NGHIEN CUU CUA DE TAI

LMuc tieu:
Muc lieu eua de lai nay la long hgp va dae trung cae be val lieu mao quan trung
binh chira kim loai chuyen liep V2(Vri-MCM-41; Pl/MClVl-41 va danh gia tinh
chat xuc lac cua chiing irong phan irng oxi boa a-pinen, melyl oleat va glucose.
2.Cac noi dung nghien ciiu
- Tdng hgp eac he val lieu MCM-41, Ti-MCM-41, V . ( V r i - M C M 4 l va Pt/MCM41.
- Dae trung cac he \ at lieu long hgp duge bang cac phuong phap val ly va boa ly
hien dai: XRl), Sb;M, Tl-M, 11.-I'PR, ...
- Danh gia tinh chat xiie tae ciia cac he val lieu trong phan ung oxi boa a-pinen
(V20/ri-MCM41),

ctyl

oleal

(Ti-MCM-41 j ,

glucose

(V205/ri-MCM41

va

Pl/MCM-41). San pham phan irng duge phan lich bang cac phuong phap: sac ky
khi - khoi pho ((iC-MS), sac ky long-khoi pho (bC-MS) va sac ky long hieu nang
eao(llP-b(^).
III. PIIUONC PIIAP NCIHEN CIJU
1. Dieu che chat xuc tae:
-

long hgp \at lieu lir eac tien chat \6 co\ template hCru co, ... bang eac
phirong

phap

tam,

phirong phap sol-gel, ket tinh thuy

nhiel

trong

autoekue,...
2. Nghien cuu cac dae trung cau true eiia \ a t lieu xue tae :
-

Phirong phap nhieu xa lia X (XRD): xae dinh dae trung cau triic eua \at
lieu.

-

l^biro'ng i^hap pho hong ngoai (I- IIR): xae dinh cae dae trung lien ket

-

Phuong phap quang pho Raman : xae djnh eac dae trung lien ket.

-

I^huong phap hien \ i dien lu quel (SI:M): xae dinh kich thuoc tinh the, kich
thu'oe hai.

-

Phirong i^tliap hien \ i dien lu truyen qua ( ll-M): xae dinh \'al lieu mao quan
nano, kim k)ai ha} oxil kim loai phan tan kich thirae nano.

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