Speaking and Writing Strategies for the TOEFL iBT part 35

Appendix - 329
Exercise: Gerund Predictors

Task: Check each example for parallelism. Check your answers on page 332.


1. I think that students should learn a second language as early as possible.
Learning a second language will open more doors and it is helpful to get a job.

2. As far as I’m concerned, you should exercise for at least one hour every day.
Exercising was good for your heart and is good for reducing stress.

3. I prefer to travel by plane instead of train. Flying by plane in America is
faster and has been cheaper.

4. Personally speaking, you should not talk on your cell phone while driving.
Talking on your cell phone is not only danger for you but also perilous for
other drivers as well.

5. It goes without saying that if you want a higher score, you should use a
predictor thesis instead of a general thesis. Using a general thesis does not
demonstrate advanced organization, progressing, development, unity and
language use; however, a predictor thesis does.

6. In the final analysis, to be saving money is better than spending it.

7. From my perspective, I assert that we need zoos. Having zoos means we can
protect wild animals, educating parents and children, or provide a fun place
to go on weekends.

8. In my experience, Google is the best search engine. Googling information is

fastest and easy.

9. The most dangerous shark in the world is not the great white shark but the
bull sharks. Thriving in both salty and fresh water, the bull shark has the
highest testosterone level of any animal.

10. People are often divided by the so-called personality theory. Being a
type A says you are a leader whereas to be a type B is saying you are a
follower.











330 - Appendix x







Answers: Identifying Rhetorical Strategies

1. classification, illustration, cause-effect, description
2. description, illustration, cause-effect
3. illustration, definition, description
4. illustration, description, definition, cause-effect
5. description, illustration, definition
6. illustration, description, compare-contrast
7. illustration, description, compare-contrast
8. illustration, description, process
9. illustration, description, cause-effect, compare-contrast
10. illustration, description, narration

Answers: Identifying Opinions

1. opinion
2. not an opinion
3. opinion
4. not an opinion
5. not an opinion
6. not an opinion
7. opinion
8. not an opinion
9. not an opinion
10. not an opinion
11. not an opinion
12. opinion
13. opinion
14. not an opinion
15. opinion
Answer Key
Appendix - 331

Answers: Checking for Parallelism

1. Personally speaking, I believe that we need zoos because they are
educational, they are fun and they protect wild animals.


2. In my view, I think that a good parent should be patient and understanding.

3. a. On weekends, I like to go shopping and to go golfing.

b. On weekends, I like to go shopping and golfing.

4. no errors

5. The TOEFL iBT consists of four sections: reading, listening, speaking and
writing.

6. Many scientists use induction when developing theories. First, they observe
phenomena, then they formulate conclusions based on their observations. Not
Einstein. He did not employ induction when theorizing about the relationship
between matter and energy. Instead, he used deduction and figured
out e=mc
2

all in his head.

7. The middle of the nineteenth century witnessed two great art movements:
Impressionism in France and
the Pre-Raphaelite Brother in England. The Pre-
Raphaelites, a group of poets and

painters, believed that the individual artist
“should have genuine ideas to express, should study Nature attentively, so as
to know how to express it, should
sympathise with what is direct and serious
and heartfelt in previous art.”

8. I firmly believe that global warming is caused by car pollution and by factory
pollution.

9. a. I want a high TOEFL score so I can apply to Yale, Harvard and to Princeton.

b. I want a high TOEFL score so I can apply to Yale, Harvard and Princeton.

10. Singing and studying English are my hobbies.












332 - Appendix x

Answers: Gerund Predictors

1. a. I think that students should learn a second language as early as possible.
Learning a second language will open more doors and will help you get a job
.


b. I think that students should learn a second language as early as possible.
Learning a second language will open more doors and help you get a job.


2. a. As far as I’m concerned, you should exercise for at least one hour every
day. Exercising is
good for your heart and is good for reducing stress.

b. As far as I’m concerned, you should exercise for at least one hour every
day. Exercising is
good for your heart and for reducing stress.

3. I prefer to travel by plane instead of train. Flying by plane in America is faster
and cheaper
.

4. Personally speaking, you should not talk on your cell phone while driving.
Talking on your cell phone is not only dangerous
for you but also perilous for
other drivers as well.

5. It goes without saying that if you want a higher score, you should use a
predictor thesis instead of a general thesis. Using a general thesis does not
demonstrate advanced organization, progression, development, unity or

language use; however, a predictor thesis does.

6. In the final analysis, saving money is better than spending it.

7. From my perspective, I assert that we need zoos. Having zoos means we can
protect wild animals, educate
parents and children, and provide a fun place to
go on weekends.

8. In my experience, Google is the best search engine. Googling information is
fast
and easy.

9. The most dangerous shark in the world is not the great white shark but the
bull shark
. Thriving in both salt and fresh water, the bull shark has the
highest testosterone level of any animal.

10. People are often divided by the so-called personality theory. Basically, being a
type A says you are a leader whereas being
a type B says you are a follower





Appendix - 333

Note: The check sign (√) means proficient; the X means lacks proficiency.

Agree-Disagree Prompt

Zoo Essay - range score: 4.0-5.0

TV Essay - range score: 4.0-5.0

Preference Prompt

Laptop v. Desktop Essay - range score: 4.0-5.0
















Compare-Contrast Prompt

1. New Delhi Essay - range score: 4.0-5.0















Organization
deduction √
induction
Progression
general-specific √
specific-general
Development
introduction X
body √
conclusion X
Unity
topical √
grammatical √
Language Use

word choice √
idioms X
sentence variety √
Organization
deduction √
induction
Progression
general-specific √
specific-general
Development
introduction X
body √
conclusion X
Unity
topical √
grammatical √
Language Use
word choice √
idioms X
sentence variety √

Independent Essay Rating