Unit 16 historical places writing

Monday, April 1

st

2013

Unit 16

Historical places
D. Writing


Types of charts

pie chart

line chart

bar chart


VISITOR ARRIVALS IN VIETNAM
(From the USA, France and Australia)

300000
250000

259,967
230,470

200000

150000

111,546
99,700

96,624

84,085

100000
50000
0

2001

2002

(Source: Vietnam National Administration, 2002)

USA
FRANCE
AUSTRALIA


VISITOR ARRIVALS IN VIETNAM
(From the USA, France and Australia)

1. According to the

300000

250000

chart, the USA had

259,967
230,470

the biggest number

200000
150000

of visitors to

111,546

99,700

96,624

84,085

100000
50000
0

2001

(Source: Vietnam National Administration, 2002)

2002

USA
Vietnam in 2001.
FRANCE
AUSTRALIA


VISITOR ARRIVALS IN VIETNAM
(From the USA, France and Australia)

300000
250000

259,967

2. 99,700 French

230,470

visitors arrived in

200000
150000

111,546

99,700

96,624

84,085

100000
50000
0

2001

(Source: Vietnam National Administration, 2002)

2002

USA
Vietnam in 2001.
FRANCE
AUSTRALIA


VISITOR ARRIVALS IN VIETNAM
(From the USA, France and Australia)

300000
250000

3. Australia had the

259,967
230,470

smallest number of

200000
150000

visitors to Vietnam

111,546

99,700

96,624

84,085

100000
50000
0

2001

(Source: Vietnam National Administration, 2002)

2002

USA
in 2002.
FRANCE
AUSTRALIA

VISITOR ARRIVALS IN VIETNAM
(From the USA, France and Australia)

300000
250000

4. No, it isn’t.

259,967
230,470

200000
150000

111,546

99,700

96,624

84,085

100000
50000
0

2001

(Source: Vietnam National Administration, 2002)

2002

USA
FRANCE
AUSTRALIA


VISITOR ARRIVALS IN VIETNAM
(From the USA, France and Australia)

300000
250000

5. France had more

259,967
230,470

visitors to Vietnam

200000
150000

111,546

99,700

96,624

84,085

100000
50000
0

2001

(Source: Vietnam National Administration, 2002)

2002

USA
FRANCE
AUSTRALIA

in 2002.


The description of a chart consists of:

1. Opening
2. Body

3. Conclusion



1. Opening

Population of Vietnam (From 2007 to 2012)
2012

80

2011

79

2010

78

2009

77

2008
2007

76
75

72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81

1.1 What does the chart describe?
The chart shows/presents/
displays/describes…
The chart is about…
The chart deals with…

Eg: The chart presents the populatio
Vietnam from 2007 to 2012.


1. Opening

1.2 Where is the source of the

Visitor Arrivals in Vietnam in 2012chart from?
USA
18%
15%

France
54%

13%

Australia
Other
countries

(Source: Vietnam National Administration of
Tourism)

The source of the chart is
from/provided by…
Eg: The source of the chart is from

Vietnam National Administration of
Tourism.


1. Opening

1.3 What is the main change showed the chart?

Population of Vietnam (From 2007 to 2012)In general,/Generally,/Overall,…
It can be seen from the chart that…

80
79
78
77
76
75

72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81

It is clear from the chart that…
Eg: In general, the population of Vietnam
increased steadily from 2007 to 2012.


1. Opening – adverbs to describe the speed of change

Pollution Rate
10
9

8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1 1.2
0
2009

rapidly/quickly/swiftly (nhanh
chóng)
8.9

suddenly (đột ngột)

6.8

Eg: The pollution rate increased
3.4

2010

rapidly from 2009 to 2012.
2011

2012

1. Opening – adverbs to describe the speed of change

Unemployment Rate
9.6
9.5 9.5
9.4
9.3
9.2
9.1
9
8.9
8.8
8.7
8.6
2009

steadily/gradually (từ từ, ổn định)
slowly (chậm)
Eg: The unemployment rate

9.3

decreased gradually from 2009 to
9.1

2012.
8.9

2010

2011

2012


2. Body – structures to describe the increase

S + increase/rise/go up/climb/inflate by|to + number/percent
Eg: The population of Vietnam rose to 2% in 2012.
S + increase/rise/go up/climb/inflate from + number/percent + to +
number/percent
Eg: The number of endangered species inflated from 1900 to 2100.


2. Body – structures to describe the decrease

S + decrease/fall/drop/reduce/decline by|to + number/percent
Eg: The unemployment rate fell by 5% in 2010. 
S + decrease/fall/drop/reduce/decline from + number/percent + to
+ number/percent
Eg: The price of gold dropped from five million dongs to four
million dongs.


2. Body – adverbs to describe the amount of increase or decrease

Number of Students
4000
3500
3000

2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0

3900

dramatically/sharply/hugely/
enormously/steeply/markedly/
substantially/considerably/
significantly (nhiều, đáng kể)
Eg: The number of students increased
substantially from 300 in 2001 to 3900 in 2003.

900
300
2001 2002 2003

Or In 2003, the number of students rose hugely
by 3000 in comparison with that in 2002.


2. Body – adverbs to describe the amount of increase or decrease

Number of Teachers
moderately/slightly/minimally (nhẹ, vừa phải)
Eg: The number of teachers fell slightly from
1015 in 2002 to 1013 in 2003.

Or In 2003, the number of teachers declined
moderately by 2 in comparison with that in
2002.

1015

1015

1013

1010
1005
1000

1000

995
990

2001

2002

2003


2. Body – comparative structure (cấu trúc so sánh)

4000000

4000000

A + be + (number/percent) + higher/lower

3500000

than that of B

3000000

Eg: The population of Hanoi is (3.000.000)

2500000

higher than that of Haiphong.

2000000

Or The population of Haiphong is

1500000
1000000
1000000

(3.000.000) lower than that of Hanoi.

500000
0

3. Conclusion

What can be concluded from the

chart?
Population of Vietnam (From 2007 to 2012)
In conclusion,…
2012

80

2011

79

2010

78

2009

77

2008
2007

76
75

72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81

In summary,…
To sum up,…
Eg: In conclusion, the population of
Vietnam rose gradually from 2007 to
2012.


4. Transition words (một số từ chuyển tiếp):
- According to the chart (theo như biểu đồ)…
- In contrast (ngược lại)/ However (tuy nhiên)/ On the other hand (mặt
khác)…
- Like (giống như)/ Unlike (không như)…
- Although (mặc dù)
- Besides (bên cạnh đó) / Moreover (Hơn nữa)/ Furthermore (thêm vào đó)
…
- Likewise (tương tự như vậy)


VISITOR ARRIVALS IN VIETNAM
(From the USA, France and Australia)

300000
250000

259,967
230,470

200000
150000

111,546
99,700

96,624

84,085

100000
50000
0

2001

2002

(Source: Vietnam National Administration , 2002)

USA
FRANCE
AUSTRALIA


1. What does the chart describe?
2. Where is the source of the chart from?
3. What is the main change showed in the chart?
4. Which countries had the biggest and smallest number of visitors to Vietnam in
2001 and 2002?
5. What is the difference between the country which had the biggest number of
visitors and the country which had the smallest one?

6. How did the number of American/French/Australian visitors to Vietnam in 2002
increase in comparison with that in 2001?
7. What can be concluded from the chart?


Thank you very much!