Ngữ Pháp Tiếng Anh Nâmg Cao

Người Biên Soạn: Học Sinh Phạm Văn Nam
Lớp: 10A1-k48
Trường THPT Can Lộc

PASSIVE VOICE
1. TO EXPECT SB TO DO ST => TO EXPECT ST TO BE DONE
Ex: She expected them to finish all the exercises.
=>All the exercises were expected to be finished
2. SB ADVISE/REQUEST/INVITE/BEG/URGE/ORDER/RECOMMEND… TO DO ST
=>SOMEONE +BE+ ADVISED/REQUESTED/INVITED/BEGGED/ URGED/RECOMMENDED….
TO DO ST
Ex: she invited us to come to her party
=> we were invited to come to her party
3. SB AGREE /ARRANGE /DETERMINE /DECIDE /ADVISE/ BEG/ URGE/ ORDER/
RECOMMEND/ ….TO DO ST
=>SB AGREE / ARRANGE /DETERMINE /DECIDE/ ADVISE/BEG/ URGE/ORDER/
RECOMMEND/ THAT ST SHOULD BE DONE.
Ex: he decided to sell the house.
=> he decided that the house should be sold
4. SB INSIST/ PROPOSE/ RECOMMEND/ SUGGEST/…..+ V_ing
=>SB INSIST/ PROPOSE/ RECOMMEND/ SUGGEST THAT ST SHOULD BE DONE.
Ex: they advise giving up smoking.
=> they advise that smoking should be given up.
5. SB NEED TO DO ST
PHẠM VĂN NAM

=> ST NEED V-ing/ ST NEED TO BE DONE
Ex: she needs to water the flowers.
=> the flowers need watering/ The flowers need to be watered.
6. SB THINK/ SAY/ REPORT/BELIEVE/ KNOW THAT SOMEONE DO ST/THAT ST + BE+
NOUN/ADJ

=>IT + BE+ THOUGHT/SAID/REPORTED/ BELIEVED/ KNOWN… THAT SOMEONE DO ST
=>ST + BE+ THOUGHT/SAID/REPORTED/ BELIEVED/ KNOWN… TO DO/TO BE + …
Ex: all of us think that she is the most intelligent girl in class.
=>It is thought that she is the most intelligent girl in class.
=>she is thought to be the most intelligent girl in class.
7. SB MAKE/ LET/ SEE SOMEONE DO ST
=>SOMEONE IS MADE/LET/ SEEN TO DO ST
EX: they let him know the truth.
=>He is let to know the truth
8. TO HAVE SB DO ST/ TO GET SB TO DO ST
=>TO HAVE ST DONE
EX: the teacher had his pupils bring all the chairs in.
=>the teacher had all the chair brought in.
9. IT + BE + YOUR DUTY TO DO ST
=>YOU + BE+ SUPPOSED TO DO ST
EX: it is your duty to help him in his study
10.It's imposible to+ V
=>S+ can't+be+ P2
Eg: It's imposible to solved this proplem
=>this proplem can't be solved.
11. It's necessary to+V
=>S+ should/must+ be+ P2
Eg : It's necessary for you to type this letter.
=>This letter should/must be typed.
PHẠM VĂN NAM

12.Câu mệnh lệnh bị động.
V+ O =>S+ should/must+ be+P2
Eg: Turn on the lights !
=>The lights should be turned on.

13.People think/say/know/believe that+ clause.
=>It's thought/said/known/belived that+ clause.
Eg People believe that there is a ghost.
=>It's believed that _ _ _ _.
14.Câu bị động với các V :make , let,have , get ,need , continue/begin.
a.Make:
S + make + O1(người) + V + O2(vật)
=>S(O1) + tobe + made + to V +
b.Let
S + let + O1(ng) + V + O2(v) .
=>S(O1) + tobe + allowed + to V + O
c.Have :
S + have + O1(ng) + V + O2(v).
=>S + have + O2 +P2 + (by +O1
d.Get:
S + get + O1+ to V +O2.
=>S + get + O2 + P2 + (by O
e.Need :
S(ng) + need + to V + O(v).
=>S(O) + need + V-i
f.Continue/begin :
S + continue /begin + to V + O.
=>S(O) + continue/begin + to be +
15.Câu bị động với :
S + used /has or have/ tobe + to V+ O.
=>S + used/has or have/tobe + to be
16.Câu bị động với các V : advise , beg , agree , urge , order , decide ,recommend ...
S + V(ở trên) + O1(ng) + to V + O2(v).
C1=> S(O1) + tobe +P2(ở trên) + to V + O2(v).
C2=> S + V(ở trên) + O1 + that + S(O2) + should be +

17.Câu bị động với các V chỉ ước muốn :wish , want ,expect ,or các V chỉ sở thích : like , could like.
S + V(trên) + O1 + to V + O2.
=> S + V (trên) + O2 + to be + P2.
Eg : The teacher wants us to answer all the questions.
=>The teacher wants all the questions to be answered.
CHANGE PREDICATE
1. Đảo ngữ với NO và NOT
No+ N + auxiliary+S+Verb(inf)
Not any+ N+ auxiliary+ S+ verb(inf)
Eg: No money shall I lend you from now on
= Not any money shall I lend you from now on
2. Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ phủ định: Never, Rarely, Seldom, Little, Hardly ever,.....
Never/ Rarely/ Seldom /Little/ Hardly ever+ auxiliary+ S+ V
Never in mid-summer does it snow
PHẠM VĂN NAM

Hardly ever does he speak in the public
3. Đảo ngữ với ONLY
Only one
only later
only in this way
only in that way
only then + auxiliary+ S+ V
only after+ N
only by V_ing/ N
only when+ clause
only with+ N
only if+ clause
only in adv of time/ place
Eg Only one did i meet her

Only after all gest had gone home could we relax
Only when I understand her did I like her
Only by practising E every day can you speak it fluently
4. Đảo ngữ với các cụm từ có No
At no time
On no condition
On no account + auxiliary+ S+ N
Under/ in no circumstances
For no searson
In no way
No longer
For no reason whall you play traunt
The money is not tobe paid under any circumstances
= Under no circumsstances is the money tobe paid
On no condition shall we accept their proposal
5. No sooner.......... than.....
Hardly/ Bearly/ Scarely........ When/ before
No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang
Hardly had she put up hẻ umbrella before the rain becam down in torrents
6. Đảo ngữ với Not only....... but......also.....
Not only + auxiliary + S + V but.... also..........
Not only is he good at E but he also draw very well
Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly
7. Đảo ngữ với SO
So+ adj/ adv + auxiliary + S+V+ that clause
So dark is it that I can't write
So busy am I that I don't have time to look after myself
So difficult was the exam that few student pass it
So attractive is she that many boys run after her
8. So+ adjective+ be+ N+ clause

So intelligent is that she can answer all questions in the interview
PHẠM VĂN NAM

9. Đảo ngữ với until/ till+ clause/ adv of time+ auxiliary+ S+ V
I won't come home till 10 o'clock
=Not until/ till o'clock that I will come home
= It is not until 10 o'clock that I will come home
I didn't know that I had lost my key till I got home
= Not until/ till I got home did I know that I had lost my key
10. Đảo ngữ với No where+ Au+ S+V
No where in the VN is the cenery as beautiful as that in my country
No where do I feel as comfortable as I do at home
No where can you buy the goods as good as those in my country
11. Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện
a, Câu đk loại 1: If clause = should+S+V
Should she come late she wil miss the train
should he lend me some money I will buy that house
b, Câu đk loại 2:If clause= Were S +to V/ Were+S
If I were you I would work harder =Were I you........
If I knew her I would invite her to the party= Were I to know her........
c, Câu đk loại 3 : If clause = Had+S+PII
If my parents hadn't encouraged me, I would have taken pass exam
= Had my parents not encourage
REWRITE
1. Would you like me to + V + S.T => I will + V + S.T If you like
2. Would you mind + V
ing
+ S.t => I would like you to + V + S.T
=> I woud rather you + V
3. S + be + proud of + S,O + V

ing
+ S.T => S + pride + S.O + on + V
ing
+ S.T
4. Nobody lèt bểo me => I was the first person to leave
5. Why didn’t they tell me about the change of the.. => I should have been told about …
6. I’m sorry. I’m late. => I applogize for my unpuntuality
7. “ It certainly wasn’t me who took your card.” Said Bob.
-> Bob denied____________________________________________
=> S+ deny+ V-ing
Notice: tùy vào thì đã cho ở câu trên để chia V-ing câu dưới.
VD câu trên v chia quá khứ đơn thì v câu dưới fải chia qúa khứ hoàn thành
=> having taken
2.Some one has suggested abolishing income tax.=> It has been …
3. There was no precedent for the King resigned. => Never before…
=> Câu đảo ngữ:
Never + trợ động từ + S + V
4. The drama critic of the “ Daily news” regards the new play as a major break-through. => According
to
=> According to N+ clause
5. They won’t be able to come on Sunday.=> It will be
=> Khi câu trên là be(chia) able to-> câu dưới dùng be(chia) possible/impossible
6. I’m quite sure that she didn’t steal the necklace => She can’t …
=> câu trên : S1+ be+ sure(believe)+S2+ V...
-> Câu dưới: S2+ can/can't have V3/ed or have been V-ing
Notice: Cũng tùy theo V câu trên để chia V của câu dưới,
PHẠM VĂN NAM