word stress rules ngoại ngữ 12 nguyễn văn minh thư viện giáo dục tỉnh quảng trị

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<b>Word Stress Pattern Rules</b>
1. Using suffixes to predict stress

(A) Stress the suffix itself:

<b>- ee</b> employee refugee trainee referee evacuee
<b>- eer</b> engineer career volunteer mountaineer
<b>- ese</b> Chinese Japanese Portuguese journalese
<b>- ique</b> unique antique technique

<b>-ain</b> entertain / entə'tein/ ascertain/,æsə'tein/
<b>-ette</b> cigarette /,sigə'ret/ laundette /lɔ:n'dret /
<b>-esque</b> picturesque

(B) Stress the syllable immediately before the suffix:

<b> - ial </b> memorial financial artificial essential
<b> - ual</b> <b> visual unusual intellectual individual</b>
<b> - ian</b> Canadian vegetarian pedestrian politician
<b> - sion</b> explosion occasion conclusion permission
<b> - tion</b> definition production situation qualification

<b> - ient </b> <b> ancient sufficient efficient deficient proficient</b>
<b> - cious</b> delicious conscious suspicious judicious

<b> - tious </b> ambitious cautious superstitious conscientious

<b> - ic </b> academic energetic fantastic terrific realistic
<b>- ible</b> edible flexible incredible impossible

<b> - ity</b> ability necessity publicity possibility humidity
<b> - ify</b> <b> classify terrify humidify personify solidify</b>
<b> - logy </b> biology sociology anthropology psychology

<b> - graphy </b> geography autobiography photography pornography
<b> - meter</b> kilometer parameter speedometer thermometer

b/ Các hậu tố khơng ảnh hưởng đến vị trí trọng âm ở t ừ gốc
‘-able’: comfort /'kʌmfət/ comfortable/'kʌmfətəbl/

’-age’: anchor/'æηkə/ anchorage /'æηkəridʒ/
‘-al’ : refuse /ri'fju:z / refusal /ri'fju:zl /
‘-en’ : wide / / widen / /

‘-ful’ : wonder/ / wonderful/ /
‘-ing’: amaze / / amazing / /
‘-like’: bird / / birdlike/ /
“-less”: power / / powerless / /
‘-ly’ : hurried / / hurriedly/ /

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‘-ous’: poisonous / /
‘-fy’, ‘-wise’, ‘-y’

C, Tiền tố: tiền tố thường không ảnh hưởng đến trọng âm của từ
<b>(C) Stress the second syllable before the suffix: </b>

- ate operate exaggerate associate integrate certificate
- ize apologize criticize recognize computerize

- ary secretary necessary contemporary vocabulary
- ous dangerous mysterious spontaneous simultaneous

2. Using Parts of Speech to predict stress

(A) For certain two-syllable words used as both nouns and verbs,
<b> stress nouns on the first syllable, and verbs on the second syllable. </b>

Noun Verb Example

1. record record The bank recorded a new record yesterday.
2. present present He presented his wife with a beautiful present.
3. conduct conduct They're conducting a study into his conduct.
4. suspect suspect The suspect was suspected of robbing the bank.
5. desert desert The desert is so dry that it is usually deserted.

(B) Stress compound nouns on the first part/word:

<b> deadline classroom software typewriter policeman </b>
<b>airplane bus station air conditioner sports car credit card stock </b>
market Great wall

(C) Stress two-word verbs more strongly on the second word,
<b> but for their noun equivalents, stress them on the first part. </b>

Noun: Here's the printout.
She's a dropout.

Where's the checkout counter?
There was a holdup at the bank.
This clearly is a setup.

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