english grammar ngoại ngữ 6 lê phương ngân thư viện giáo dục tỉnh quảng trị
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Simple Past Past Perfect
action in the past taking place once, never or
several times action taking place before a certain time in the past
actions in the past taking place one after the
other
sometimes interchangeable with past perfect progressive
action in the past taking place in the middle of
another action puts emphasis only on the fact (not the duration or course of the action)
<b>Questions in Past Perfect Simple</b>
Complete the questions in Past Perfect Simple.
1. (what / Bob / do) that he was kept in after school?
2. (you / eat) anything before you went to the theatre?
3. (he / live) in London before he moved to Glasgow?
4. (she / find) a new job by that time?
5. (they / book) a room before they went to Dublin?
6. (how often / you / ring) the bell before he answered the door?
7. (why / they / have) dinner before they came to the party?
8. (Carly / wash) the dishes when her mum came home?
9. (you / read) the contract before you signed it?
10. (who / live) in the house before we moved in?
11. The storm destroyed the sandcastle that we (build) had built .
12. He (not / be) to Cape Town before 1997.
13. When she went out to play, she (do / already) her homework.
14. My brother ate all of the cake that our mum (make) .
15. The doctor took off the plaster that he (put on) six weeks before.
16. The waiter brought a drink that I (not / order) .
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18. The children collected the chestnuts that (fall) from the tree.
19. (he / phone) Angie before he went to see her in London?
20. She (not / ride) a horse before that day.
<b>English Tenses – Graphic Comparison</b>
Problems with the English tenses? Have a look at the time line, it might help you understand when to use
which tense. As there is a similarity between past, present and future tenses, there are just a few rules to
keep in mind.
If you know how to use the present progressive correctly to express present actions, you will as well be
able to use the past progressive correctly to express past actions.
→ Legend
Legend
<b>moment in time</b>
action that takes place once, never or several times
actions that happen one after another
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<b>period of time</b>
action that started before a certain moment and lasts beyond that
moment
actions taking place at the same time
<b>Result</b>
action taking place before a certain moment in time
puts emphasis on the result
<b>Course /</b>
<b>Duration</b>
action taking place before a certain moment in time
puts emphasis on the course or duration of the action
English Tenses – Examples
Explanation Past Present Future
<b>Simple Past</b> <b>Simple Present</b> <b>Future I Simple</b>
action that takes place
once, never or several
times
He played football every
Tuesday.
He plays football every
Tuesday.
He will / is going to play
football every Tuesday.
actions that happen one
after another He played football and then he went home. He plays football and thenhe goes home. He will play football and then he will go home.
state He loved football. He loves football. He will love football.
<b>Past Progressive</b> <b>Present Progressive</b> <b>Future I Progressive</b>
action going on at that
moment
He was playing football. He is playing football. He will be playing
football.
actions taking place at
the same time He was playing football and she was watching. He is playing football andshe is watching. He will be playing football and she will be
watching.
<b>Past Perfect Simple</b> <b>Present Perfect Simple</b> <b>Future II Simple</b>
action taking place before
a certain moment in time;
emphasises the result
He had won five matches
until that day. He has won five matches so far. He will have won five matches by then.
<b>Past Perfect</b>
<b>Progressive</b> <b>Present PerfectProgressive</b> <b>Future II Progressive</b>
action taking place before
a certain moment in time
(and beyond), emphasises
the duration
He had been playing
football for ten years. He has been playing football for ten years. He will have been playingfootball for ten years.
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Simple Past Present Perfect
action in the past taking place once, never or several
times action that stopped recently or is still going on
actions in the past taking place one after the other finished action that has an influence on the present
action in the past taking place in the middle of
another action action that has taken place once, never or several timesbefore the moment of speaking
<b>Use of Present Perfect</b>
puts emphasis on the result
Example: She <i>has written</i> five letters.
action that is still going on
Example: School <i>has</i> not <i>started</i> yet.
action that stopped recently
Example: She <i>has cooked</i> dinner.
finished action that has an influence on the present
Example: I <i>have lost</i> my key.
action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking
Example: I <i>have</i> never <i>been</i> to Australia.
<b>Signal Words of Present Perfect</b>
already, ever, just, never, not yet, so far, till now, up to now
<b>Exercise on Present Perfect Simple</b>
Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect simple).
1. I (not / work) have not w orkedtoday.
2. We (buy) a new lamp.
3. We (not / plan) our holiday yet.
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5. He (write) five letters.
6. She (not / see) him for a long time.
7. (be / you) at school?
8. School (not / start) yet.
9. (speak / he) to his boss?
10. No, he (have / not) the time yet.
<b>Write questions in present perfect simple.</b>
1. you / correct / my mistakes -
2. you / practise / your English -
3. she / tidy up / her room -
4. the boss / sign / the letter -
5. Mary / shut / the door -
<b>Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence.</b>
1. Tony has built a house. -
2. Avril has crossed the street at the traffic lights. -
3. They have never been to Australia. -
4. <b>Rupert has dialled the number. - </b>
5. Betty has spent 200 euros at the shopping mall. -
<b>Test</b>
<b>Write the participle forms of the following verbs.</b>
1. shut →
2. spend →
3. give →
4. teach →
5. sell →
Complete the table in present perfect simple.
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We have chatted.
The lesson has not started.
Have we won?
She has turned around.
They have not arrived.
<b>Write sentences in present perfect simple.</b>
1. we / reach / our goal -
2. our team / lose / the match -
3. she / underline / the word -
4. they / not / discover / the treasure -
5. Ron / not / talk / about the problem -
<b>Write questions in present perfect simple.</b>
1. you / knock / at the door -
2. the teacher / mark / the tests -
3. she / buy / a new computer -
4. they / rescue / the girl -
5. Brad / wear / a blue shirt -
<b>Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence.</b>
1. They have seen him at the library. -
2. Robby Robber has robbed another bank. -
3. Bill has ordered three desserts. -
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5. <b>Jane has asked a question. - </b>
<b>Simple Past (Past Simple)</b>
Exercises on Simple Past
The simple past expresses an action in the past taking place once, never, several times. It can also be used
for actions taking place one after another or in the middle of another action.
<b>Use of Simple Past</b>
action in the past taking place once, never or several times
Example: He <i>visited</i> his parents every weekend.
actions in the past taking place one after the other
Example: He <i>came</i> in, <i>took</i> off his coat and <i>sat</i> down.
action in the past taking place in the middle of another action
Example: When I was having breakfast, the phone suddenly <i>rang</i>.
if sentences type II (If I talked, …)
Example: If I <i>had</i> a lot of money, I would share it with you.
<b>Signal Words of Simple Past</b>
yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990, the other day, last Friday
If-Satz Typ II (If I talked, …)
Write the verbs in simple past.
1. The first settlers (be) the Potawatomi.
2. They (call) this place Checagou (wild onion) because it (smell)
like onions.
3. Constructions on the Sears Tower (begin) in 1970.
4. Until 1997, the Sears Tower (be) the highest building in the world.
English pool of exercise
<b>Exercise on Simple Present</b>
Form <b>positive sentences</b> in Simple Present.
1. Anna / the window / open
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2. I / bread / buy
→
3. they / their pens / count
→
4. Christine / her home / decorate
→
5. it / too much / weigh
→
6. we / the game / lose
→
7. the children / on the floor / sleep
→
8. Benjamin / the rules / break
→
9. you / the sentence / understand
→
10. they / trees / plant
→
<b>Exercise on Present Progressive</b>
Form <b>positive sentences</b> in Present Progressive.
1. we / in the mountains / walk
→
2. I / a magazine / read
→
3. we / her / an apple / give
→
4. she / in a play / act
→
5. the teacher / our homework / check
→
6. my crush / at me / smile
→
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8. your father / a lorry / drive
→
9. Jamie / the race / win
→
10. the boss / the contracts / sign
→
Level 3 Form <b>positive sentences</b> in Present Progressive.
1. you / a question / ask
→
2. the dog / bark
→
3. she / a bag / carry
→
4. she / home / walk
→
5. they / their mum / thank
→
6. my crush / at me / smile
→
7. we / tea / drink
→
8. they / their furniture / sell
→
9. Katy / a lot of money / spend
→
10. the passengers / panic
→
<b>Exercise on Simple Past</b>
Form <b>positive sentences</b> in Simple Past.
1. the dog / bark
→
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3. You / a song / sing
→
4. Eric / his homework / forget
→
5. he / cash / pay
→
6. she / her room / tidy
→
7. she / the chapter / copy
→
8. we / the numbers / divide
→
9. he / his girlfriend / marry
→
10. she / the word / underline
→
Check answ ers
Level 4 Form <b>positive sentences</b> in Simple Past.
1. you / high / jump
→
2. Albert / squash / play
→
3. you / thirsty / be
→
4. he / to school / go
→
5. they / their calculators / use
→
6. she / my mistakes / correct
→
7. I / my point of view / defend
→
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9. he / to our question / refer
→
10. his nose / bleed
→
<b>Exercise on Past Progressive</b>
Form <b>positive sentences</b> in Past Progressive.
1. you / a question / ask
→
2. you / cards / play
→
3. it /rain
→
4. Betty / her best / do
→
5. I / a magazine / read
→
6. she / on a chair / sit
→
7. your father / a lorry / drive
→
8. he / a blue shirt / wear
→
9. We / our holidays / enjoy
→
10. the child / behind the tree / hide
→
Form <b>positive sentences</b> in Present Perfect Simple.
1. Greg / the ball / kick
→
2. you / in the garden / work
→
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4. we / fish / eat
→
5. they / their calculators / use
→
6. we / the game / lose
→
7. he / his leg / hurt
→
8. she / a friend / phone
→
9. Harry / trouble / cause
→
10. they / a new gadget / invent
→
Form <b>positive sentences</b> in Present Perfect Simple.
1. they / us / call
→
2. you / a box / carry
→
3. you / cards / play
→
4. you / the house / see
→
5. she / on a chair / sit
→
6. she / in a play / act
→
7. Amelie / the door / close
→
8. you / early / wake up
→
9. she / poems / write
→
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<b>Exercise on Past Perfect Simple</b>
Form <b>positive sentences</b> in Past Perfect Simple.
1. they / us / call
→
2. we / her / an apple / give
→
3. the dinner / a fortune / cost
→
4. he / cash / pay
→
5. Henry / houses / build
→
6. we / the numbers / divide
→
7. they / computers / order
→
8. the secretary / the documents / print out
→
9. he / his goals / reach
→
10. they / to my question / react
→
Form <b>positive sentences</b> in Past Perfect Simple.
1. John / money / collect
→
2. we / the door / open
→
3. she / in a play / act
→
4. the policeman / the thief / arrest
→
5. she / her teeth / brush
→
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7. she / in London / teach
→
8. Jim / his head / cover
→
9. the secretary / the documents / print out
→
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