Báo cáo nghiên cứu: Đánh giá hiệu quả chương trình thí điểm về điều trị sự lệ thuộc chất gây nghiện bằng MMT tại Hải Phòng và Tp.HCM

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Effectiveness evaluation of the pilot program for the treatment of opioid

dependence by methadone in Hai Phong and Ho Chi Minh cities

Impact on physical health, mental health, society and quality of life after 12

months following up

High treatment retention
Most clients (88.3%) remained
after one year and adhered well
to treatments (Figure 1). Main
reasons for dropout from the
study was being arrested (48%),
voluntary dropout (22%), unable
to contact (14%). Methadone
side effects decreased over time,
from 75.2 % in the first three
months to about 60.6% by the
end of the 12th month.

The methadone treatment 
reduced drug use

The methadone treatment
associated with the reduction of
drug use from 100% at baseline
to about 25% after 3 months and
about 15% after 9 to 12 months
(Figure 2). The dose response to
methadone was not observed
among clients on ARVs.

Participating in the study 
lowered other risk behaviors 
for HIV transmission

The intervention lowered
frequency of drug injection
(from 87% at baseline to about
50% from 6th to 12th months),
incidence of needle sharing
(from 1% to 0%) and increased
condom use , especially when
having sex with sex workers.
Participating in the study 
increased quality of mental 
health

The prevalence of clients
reported different symptoms of
poor mental health symptoms
decreased dramatically, and
remained low after 3 months
(Figure 3).

This study was conducted to
monitor changes in client’s lives
over time, including in HIV risk
behaviors, drug use, treatment
retention, physical health, mental
health, periods of incarceration/
incidence of crime, and quality of

life. This prospective cohort study
included 965 clients receiving
treatment at six methadone clinics
in Hai Phong and HCMC and met
the eligible criteria. The clients
enrolled in the study from January
to October 2009 were revisited
every 3 months until September
2010. The study team collected
data through personal interviews
with clients at different times
according to study design. They
also reviewed clinical records and
counseling records, and took blood
or urine samples.

100

Baseline 3months 6months 9months 12months

Peroentage Total

HCMC
Hai Phong

Figure 1: Clients remained in the 
study

Figure 2: Using drugs during the 
study

Figure 3: Changes in the prevalence 
of symptoms of poor mental health

100

40
60

Baseline 3months 6months 9months 12months

Peroentage

Using drug
Non-ARV clients
ARV clients

20
30

Baseline 3months 6months 9months 12months

Peroentage

Anxiety, severe tension
Depression, hopelessness
Severe loss of interest
Thoughts of suicide

Key findings

The treatment retention was 
high.

The methadone treatment 
reduced drug use.

Participating in the study

lowered other risk behaviors 
for HIV transmission.

Participating in the study 
improved health and quality 
of life.

Participating in the study 
improved social and 
employment status.

Research 
Summary

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Clients experienced an improved quality of life

The proportion of clients perceiving good and very good quality of life
has increased from about 15% to about 50%, while the proportion of
those perceiving bad and very bad quality of life decreased from 12% to
about 2% from baseline to after 3 months (Figure 4).

Clients experienced improved overall perception about health
The proportion of clients perceiving good and very good health has
increased from about 30% to about 60%, while the proportion of those
perceiving bad and very bad health decreased from 20% to about 5%
from baseline to after 3 months (Figure 5).

Clients improved social and employment status

Full time employment increased from 42% to 55% after 12 months. It

tended to increase more in clients with longer treatments. The clients
worked mostly for family businesses. The involvement in crime activities
in the past 3 months was < 3 % at the 12th month. Family and social
conflicts were also reduced.

100%

80%

40%
60%

20%

Baseline 3months 6months 9months 12months
1

1 2 1 1

47 46 47 49
15

49 49 49 47

1 3 4 4 4

Very good
Good
Average
Bad
Very bad

Figure 4: Self perception about quality of life

Figure 5: Self perception about overall health

100%

80%

40%
60%

20%

Baseline 3months 6months 9months 12months

Very good
Good
Average
Bad
Very bad

5 6 6 6

34 37 36 39
30

57 53 54 53

2 4 4 4 3

Methadone evaluation study in Hai Phong and Ho Chi Minh City.

2011

The study is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development
(USAID). The contents are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.