Giới thiệu môn học ngôn ngữ lập trình c

C++ language
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overview
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the mixed language
the superset of C
the subset of Visual C++


principles
C program elements
are functions and variables

C++ program elements
are objects


comments
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line comment
block comment


operators

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bitwise: & ^ | ~ >> <<
arithmetic: + - * / %
relational: > >= < <= == !=
logical: && || !
conditional: ?:
comma: ,
selector: * & -> . []


control statements
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condition: if, switch
loop: for, while, do..while
jump: goto, return, break, continue
block: {}


common functions

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string: strcpy, strcat, strlen, strcmp
math: cos, sin, pow, sqrt, exp, log, rand
file: fopen, fclose, feof, fseek, ftell


comon libraries
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string : both C and C++
memory : both C and C++
stdlib : both C and C++
stdio : both C and C++
conio : both C and C++
math: both C and C++
iostream: native to C++


native to C++
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the pointer this
the type reference
the concept class
the keyword friend
levels of hidding


Object Oriented Programming
with C++
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prerequisites
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C language
Using Internet Services (search, email)


tools
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One of these
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Microsoft Visual C++
Turbo C++
Borland C++

Other tools
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mspaint
ie
WinRAR


Using Turbo C++
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starting the tools
create a new file
save the file
compile the file

run the file
and see the result


Using Microsoft Visual C++
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project is a collections of file
start the tool
project
create a new project
create a file
compile the file
insert / delete files from project


references
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Microsoft MSDN with keywords
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C language reference
C++ language references

Turbo C++ Help


recommended books
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Phạm Văn Ất - C++ và lập trình
hướng đối tượng
Nguyễn Cẩn - Tự học ngơn ngữ lập
trình C++


recommended links
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google search
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keyword: object oriented programming
keyword: c++ programming
filetype: pdf, ppt, all

some recommended links


class declaration
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contents
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structure with member functions
inline and external definitions
standalone and member functions
declaration vs definition
levels of hidding
interface vs implementation


contents (1)
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constructor
destructor
the pointer this
array of objects (initials)
dynamic object: new, delete, *, ->
array of dynamic objects: new / delete


From c struct to c++ struct
• Function as member
struct SinhVien {
•
char Ten[50];
int NamSinh;
double dk1, dk2;
int Tuoi() { NamSinh - getCurYear(); }
double DTB() { return (dk1+dk2)/2; }
};


From c++ struct to c++ class
class SinhVien {
private:
char Ten[50];
int ns;
double dk1, dk2;
public:
int Tuoi() { ns - getCurYear(); }

double DTB() { return (dk1+dk2)/2; }
};


standalone and member
functions
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standalone functions belong to no class,
eg cos, sin, printf, scanf,
member functions belong to a specific
class, eg
the definition of member functions has
a LITTLE different from that of
standalone ones


the syntax
class Name {
data-member declarations;
member-function declaration;
member-function definitions;
};


declaration vs definition

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declaration tells the existence, the type
or the prototypes of the object
definition gives the meaning or the
semantics of the objects