Bai 4 LAO DONG VA VIEC LAM CHAT LUONG CUOC SONG (Hinh 4.1)

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RELATIVE CLAUSES

REPLACED BY PARTICIPLES AND TO-INFINITIVE

I. Aim: At the end of the lesson, students will be able to use participles and to-infinitive to replace
relative clauses.

II.Language knowledge:

1.Grammar: Relative clauses replaced by participles and to-infinitive.
2.Vocabulary: words and phrases in the exercises

III.Techniques:

IV.Teaching aids: handouts
V.Procedure:

T’s and Ss’ activities Content

- T provides Ss with some
examples.

- Ss study carefully and draw
out the rules then.

- Ss work in pairs to do the
exercise.

- After Ss finish their
exercise, T calls on some Ss
to write their answers on the

board, and T corrects then.

I.Presentation:
1. Active:
Examples:

- The man who stands at the door is my uncle.

- The man who is / was standing at the door is my uncle.
- The man who stood at the door is my uncle.



The man standing at the door is my uncle.

* Notes: We can use a present participle to replace a relative
clause which has an active meaning.

2. Passive:
Examples:

- The woman who is / was given a flower looks / looked very
happy.



The woman given a flower looks / looked very happy.
Notes: We can use a past participle to replace a relative 
clause which has a passive meaning.

3. Infinitive relative clause: (active / passive)
Examples:

a. Active:

- The first student who comes to class has to clean the board.



The first student to come to class has to clean the board.
b. Passive:

- The only room which was painted yesterday was Mary’s.



The only room to be painted yesterday was Mary’s.

*Notes: We can use an active or a passive to-infinitive after an 
ordinal number (first, second, ..), next, after, last, only, and an
indefinite pronoun (something, anything, …)

II. Practice:

* Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences using present 
participle, past participle or to-infinitive:

1. Maxicorp were the only company which replied my letter.
2. Do you the man who is talking to my father ?

3. Applications which were sent after 23rd will not be considered.
4. We have a lot of exercises which we hace to do toninght.
5. Studies of her son are the most important thing that she cares
about.

6. The equipment which belongs to the club is insured.
7. George is the first person that we will interview.

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meetings.

9. The most excellent students who were rewarded the scholarship
would have a two-week holiday in Vung Tau.

10.The trees which were planted last week are growing well.
11. The man who is talking to John is from Korea.

12. The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.
13. Ann is the woman who is responsiple for preparing the budget.
14. English has an alphabet that consists of 26 letters.

15. The books that are on that shelf is mine.

16. The children who attend that school receive a good education.
17. The psychologists who study the nature of sleep have made
important discoveries.

18. The sunlight which comes through the window wakes me up
early every morning.

19. John quincy Adams, who was born on July 11th 1767, was the

sixth president of the United States.

20. These are the ancient houses which were built a long time ago.
21. The children who attend that school receive a good education.
22. We have an apartment which overlooks the park.

23. He was the second man who was killed in this way.
24. Here are some accounts that you must check.

25. He was the first man who reached the top.

26. In hot weather, many people enjoy lemonade, which is made
of lemon juice water, and sugar.

27. Our solar system is in a galaxy that is called the Milky Way.
28. I’d be more interested if I had a family that I had to cook for.

---RELATIVE CLAUSES AND OMISSION OF ---RELATIVE PRONOUNS

I. Aim: At the end of the lesson, students will be able to know how to leave out relative pronouns.
II.Language knowledge:

1.Grammar: Relative clauses, relative clauses
2.Vocabulary: words and phrases in the exercises
III.Techniques:

IV.Teaching aids: handouts
V.Procedure:

T’s and Ss’ activities Content

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- T provides Ss with some
examples.

- Ss study carefully and draw
out the rules then.

* Examples:

- The manager was away on holiday. I wanted to see him.
 The manager (who / whom / that) I wanted to see was away

on holiday.
* Notes:

- We can leave out the pronoun when it stands for an object
pronoun of defining relative clauses, and there is no preposition
in front of it.

- Clauses without relative pronouns are very common in
informal English.

- Ss work in pairs to do the
exercise.

- After Ss finish their exercise,
T calls on some Ss to write
their answers on the board,
and T corrects then.

2. Practice:

* Exercise 1 Combine the two sentences into one, using the 
relative clauses. Leave out the relative pronouns if possible.
Example: Have you found the keys? You lost them.



Have you found the keys (which / that) you lost
1. I like the dress. Trang is wearing it.



………
1. The fish was really delicious. We had it for dinner.



………
2. We stayed at a hotel. Peter recommended it.



………
3. The film was interesting. I watched it on TV last night.



………

4. The flat was very old. My family used to live in it.



………
5. The birthday party was too noisy. We went to it.



………
6. Who was that boy? You was with him this morning.



………
7. I don’t like tie. John is wearing it.



………
8. The train was full of passengers and goods. We travelled on

it.



………
9. The church is 200 years old. Our class visited it.



………

- Ss do exercise 2.

- After Ss finish the exercise,
T calls on some Ss read aloud
their answers

- T corrects Ss’ answers then.

* Exercise 2: Tick ( ) the sentences in which the relative 
pronouns can be omitted.

Example: 

Is this the car that the police are looking for?
___1. Everything that happened was my fault.

___2. Is there anything that I can do?

___3. The window that was broken has now been repaired.
___4. Where are the eggs that were in the fridge?

___5. The play that we saw last week was boring.

___6. The young man who I sat next to on the bus talked all the
time.

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home.

___10. He is getting on well with Mary, who he met last
month.

___11. That’s the company for which Lan is working.
___12. The man who helped me to finish that work was my

neighbour.
- Ss do exercise 3.

- After Ss finish the exercise,
T calls on some Ss read aloud
their answers

- T corrects Ss’ answers then.

* Exercise 3:

Combine the sentences into one single sentence using 
relative clauses:

1. The taxi driver was friendly. He took me to the airport.



………
2. I must thank the people. I got a present from them.

 ………

3. The town is small. I grew up there.



………
4. That is the drawer. I keep the jewelry there.



………
5. The woman pays me a fair salary. I work for her.



………

6. My flat is in an old part of the city. It was built in the 1920s.



………
7. The traffic is very noisy. It passes my flat.



………

8. The local market sells excellent local produce. It is a
two-minute walk from my flat.



………
9. We went to Sandra’s party. We enjoyed it very much.



………

10. John is one of my closest friends. I have known him for a
very long time.



………
11. The book is about a girl. She runs away from home.



………
12. A new stadium will be opened next month. It can hold

90,000 people.



………

13. Alaska is the largest state in the United States. My brother
lives there.



………

14. My wife and I are really enjoying the TV set. We bought it
for ourselves last week.



………

15. Yesterday, Anna rescued a bird. The cat had brought it into
the house.

………

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---CLEFT SENTENCES

I. Aim: At the end of the lesson, students will be able to use cleft sentences properly.
II.Language knowledge:

1.Grammar: Cleft sentences

2.Vocabulary: words and phrases in the exercises
III.Techniques:

IV.Teaching aids: handouts
V.Procedure:

T’s and Ss’ activities Content

- T provides Ss with some
examples.

- Ss study carefully and draw
out the rules then.

1.Presentation:
* Examples:

1. Freda phoned Jack last night. (simple sentence, no emphasis)
- It was Freda who phoned Jack last night. (emphasis on subject)

- It was Jack who(m) Freda phoned last night. (emphasis on
object)

- It was last night that Freda phoned Jack. (emphasis on adverb)
2. The boy hit the dog in the garden.

- Emphasis on object:

It was the dog that the boy hit in the garden. (active)

It was the dog that was hit by the boy in the garden. (passive)
* Notes:

We can use It was or It is ……that / who / whom …. to
emphasize the words or phrases functioning as a subject , an
object or an adverbial phrase.

- Ss work in pairs to do the
exercise.

* Exercise 1:

Rewrite the following sentences after a model, paying
attention to the subject focus of the sentence:

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- After Ss finish their

exercise, T calls on some Ss
to write their answers on the
board, and T corrects then.

 It was the man who gave her the book.
1. The neighbour told them about it.



……….
1. My friend came to see me late last night.



……….
2. That boy scored the goal for his team.



……….

3. The dog grabbed at the piece of meat and ran awy.



……….
4. The strong wind blew the roof off.



……….

- Ss do exercise 2.

- After Ss finish the exercise,
T calls on some Ss read
aloud their answers

- T corrects Ss’ answers then.

* Exercise 2:

Rewrite the following sentences after a model, paying
attention to the object focus of the sentence:

Example: - The boy hit the dog in the garden.
 It was the dog that the boy hit in the garden.

 It was the dog that was hit by the boy in the garden.
1. The woman answered the man rudely.



……….



……….
2. The boy played ping pong the whole afternoon.



……….



……….
3. The girl gave the boy a special gift on his birthday.



……….



……….
4. The police arrested the man at the railway station.



……….



……….
5. He borrowed the money from Linda.



……….



……….

- Ss do exercise 3.

- After Ss finish the exercise,
T calls on some Ss read
aloud their answers

- T corrects Ss’ answers then.

* Exercise 3:

Rewrite the following sentences after a model, paying
attention to the adverbial focus of the sentence:

Example: - The boy hit the dog in the garden.
 It was in the garden that the boy hitthe dog.
1. He bought the book from that corner shop.



……….
2. He got married when he was 26.



……….
3. Thay were having a barbecue in the park.



……….
4. I met him on the way to school.



……….
5. They often had parties on weekends.



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- Ss do exercise 4.

- After Ss finish the exercise,
T calls on some Ss read
aloud their answers

- T corrects Ss’ answers then

* Exercise 4:

Rewrite the following sentences, beginning as shown.
1. Bermuda got its name in 1964.

-> It was in………
2. Ships and airplanes are affected by Bermuda’s tidal wave.
-> It is by………..
3. The event of Mary Celeste took place in 1892.

-> It was in………...
4. Princess Diana was an image of beauty with high profile
involvement in fighting against AIDS and landmines issues.
-> It was Princess Diana………..
5. Princess Diana was usually referred as The Rose of Enland.
-> It was The Rose………..
6. Mary didn’t begin to read until she was eight.

-> It wasn’t……….
7. I didn’t realize he was your brother until I saw the

photograph.

-> It was only……….
8. The noise next door did not stop until after midnight.
-> It was not………...
9. I only heard her husband’s side of the story when I met him
in London.

-> It was only……….
10. The journalists only heard about the changes to the
wedding plans when they arrived at the venue.

-> It was only………
- T. sets homework.

- Ss do the task at home. 3. Homework:- Revise today’s lesson.
- Do all the exercises again.

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I. Aim: At the end of the lesson, students will be able to use cleft sentences in the passive properly.
II.Language knowledge:

1.Grammar: Cleft sentences in the passive

2.Vocabulary: words and phrases in the exercises
III.Techniques: explanation, sentence transformation
IV.Teaching aids: handouts

V.Procedure:

T’s and Ss’ activities Content

- T provides Ss with some
examples.

- Ss study carefully and draw
out the structures then.

- T writes the exercises on
the board.

- After Ss finish the exercise,
T calls on some Ss read
aloud their answers

- T corrects Ss’ answers then.

I. Presentation:
* Example:

1. The boy hit the dog in the garden.

-> It was the dog that the boy hit in the garden. (active)

-> It was the dog that was hit by the boy in the garden. (passive)
2. The boy hit the dog in the garden.

It was the dog that was hit in the garden.
3. Lan is helping her mother prepare dinner.

It is her mother who is being helped prepare dinner.
Note:

was that(vật)

It  + O +  + be + V3/ed.
 Is who(người)

II. Exercises:

* Change the sentences into cleft sentences in the passive.
1. Fred gave Mary the money.

2. The agent sold Mr. and Mrs. Hanson the house.
3. We gave Martha a birthday present yesterday.
4. Mr. Johnson sent the Jiffy Company a letter.
5. Did the boy throw his friend the baseball?
6. Tom handed Peter the books and the envelopes.
7. We sent the teacher the package the next day.
8. The teacher told the students an interesting story.
9. I showed my friends all of the photographs.
10. Did Mr. Kennedy lend his brother the money?
11. Are you going to write George a letter soon?

12. Are you going to show the people your drawings tonight?
13. I’ve lost my book.

14. I saw him in the street only last week.
15. I discovered my mistakes years later.

* Rewrite the following sentences, beginning as shown.
1. John began playing tennis ten years ago.

John……….
2. We started cooking for the party four hours ago.

We have………
3. They last visited me five years ago.

They haven’t……….
4. The last time it snowed here was six years ago.

It ………...
5. The last time he played football for Manchester United was in
1975.

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It’s………
7. They’ve been living here for six years now.

They moved ………
8. I| haven’t seen that man here before.

It’s………
9. He learned to drive when he was eighteen.

He has………..
10. I started to work for the company a year ago.

I’ve been……….
11. How long have you met John?

When………...
12. Peter hasn’t seen his sister since she left for Japan.
Peter last……….
* Put emphasis on the bold words or phrases using IT
1. I’ve lost my book.

2. I saw him in the street only last week.

3. I first got to know them five years ago.
4. She bought a new dress to go to the party.
5. You are wrong, not me.

6. He is angry because you have lost all his papers.
7. I discovered my mistakes years later.

8. We punished him in order to teach him a lesson.
9. He is going today.

10. Teasing animals is cruel.

11. The countryside is most beautiful in autumn.
12. England won the World Cup in 1966.

13. We ordered wine. We didn’t order beer.
14. Peter lent us money. Paul did not.

15. What I saw at the dance party surprised me.

---CONJUNTIONS

BOTH …AND, EITHER…OR, NEITHER …NOR, NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO

I. Aim: At the end of the lesson, students will be able to know use paired conjuntions: both …and, either …
or, neither …nor, not only…but …also properly.

II.Language knowledge:

Grammar: Conjuntions: both …and, either …or, neither …nor, not only…but …also

III.Techniques:

IV.Teaching aids: lesson plan

V.Procedure:

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- T provides Ss with some
examples.

- Ss study carefully and draw
out the rules then.

1.Presentation:
A. Examples:

1. Both my mother and my sister are here.

2. Not only my mother but also my sister is here.

3. Not only my sister but also my parents are here.

4. Either my father or my mother comes here.

5. Neither my parents nor my sister is here.

6. Neither my sister nor my parents are here.

* Notes:

- Two subjects connected by both …and take a plural verb.
- When two subjects are connected by not only……but also, 
either …… or, neither ……nor, the subject that is closer to the
verb determines whether the verb is singular or plural.

B. Examples:

(1) The research project will take both time and money.
(2) Yesterday not only rained but (also) snowed.
(3) I’ll take either chemistry or physics next quarter.
(4) That book is either interesting nor accurate.

* Notes: Notice the parallel structure in the examples. The
same grammatical form should follow each word of the pair.

- In (1): both + noun + and + noun

- In (2): not only + verb + but also + verb
- In (3): either + noun + or + noun

- In (4): neither + adj + nor + adj
- Ss work in pairs to do the

exercise.

- After Ss finish their exercise,
T calls on some Ss to write
their answers on the board, and
T corrects then.

2. Exercises:

* Exercise 1: Supply is orarein the following:
1. Both the teacher and the student ………..here.
2. Neither the teacher nor the student …………here.
3. Not only the teacher or the student ………….here.

4. Not only the teacher but also the student ………here.
5. Either the students or the teacher …………planning to come.
6. Either the teacher or the students …………planning to come.

- Ss work in pairs to do the
exercise.

- After Ss finish their exercise,
T calls on some Ss to write
their answers on the board, and
T corrects then.

* Exercise 2: Combine the following into sentences that
contain parallel structure. Use appropriate paired conjunctions:

both …and, not only…but also, either …or, neither …nor:
1. He does not have a pen. He does not have paper.



………..

1. Ron enjoys horseback riding. Bob enjoys horseback riding.



………..

2. Arthur is not in class today. Ricardo is not in class today.



………..

3. Arhtur is absent. Ricardo is absent.



………..

4. We can fix dinner for them here, or we can take them to a
restaurant.



………..

5. She wants to buy a Ford, or she wants to buy a Toyota.



………..

6. We could fly or we could take the train.



………..

7. The library does not have the book I need. The bookstore
does not have the book I need.



………..

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- Ss work in pairs to do the
exercise.

- After Ss finish their exercise,
T calls on some Ss to write
their answers on the board, and
T corrects then.



………..

9. Her roommates do not know where she she is. Her brother
does not know where she she is.



………..

* Exercise 3: Combine the following pair of sentences, using
“both…and”, “neither…nor” or “either …or”

1. Tom was late. So was Ann.

2. He didn’t write. He didn’t telephone.

3. The hotel wasn’t clean. Ans it wasn’t comfortable.
4. It was a very boring film. It was very long, too.
5. Is that man’s name Richard? Or is it Bobert?

6. I didn’t have time to go on holiday. And I didn’t get money.
7. We can leave today or we can leave tomorrow.

8. He gave up his job because he needed a change. Also because
he needed a higher pay.

9. George doesn’t smoke. And he doesn’t drink, either.
10. The front of the house needs painting. The back needs
painting, too.

- T. sets homework.
- Ss do the task at home.

3. Homework:

- Revise today’s lesson.

- Do all the exercises again.

---COULD AND BE ABLE TO

I. Aim: At the end of the lesson, students will be able to use "could" and "be able to" correctly.

II.Techniques: explanation

III.Teaching aids: lesson plan

IV.Procedure:

T’s and Ss’ activities Content

- T provides Ss with some
examples.

- T calls on some Ss to comment
on these two examples.

- T explains.

1. Presentation:

E.g:

- Jack was an excellent tennis player. He could beat anyone.

- Jack and John had a game of tennis yesterday. John played very

well, but in the end Jack was able to beat him.

Note:

Sometimes "could" is the past of "can". We use "could" especially
with "see, hear, smell, taste, feel, remember, understand".

E.g:

- When we went into the house, we could smell burning.

- She spoke in a very low voice, but I could understand what she
said.

We also use "could" to say that somebody had the general ability or
permission to do something.

E.g:

- My father could speak five languages.

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were allowed to do...)

We use "could" and "was/ were able to" for general ability, but if
someone was in the position to do something, or managed to do
something, we use "was/were able to" instead of "could".

E.g: The fire spread through the building quickly, but everybody
was able to escape. (not"could")

In the negative, "wasn't/ weren't able to" OR "couldn't" are both
correct.

E.g: I couldn't come last night, sorry. OR I wasn't able to come last
night, sorry.

- Ss work in pairs to do the
exercise.

- After Ss finish their exercise, T
calls on some Ss to write their
answers on the board, and T
corrects then.

2. Practice:

I. Complete the sentences using can/ could or (be) able to. Use can/
could if possible; otherwise use (be) able.

1. "...you stand on your head?" "I ...when I was at
school, but I (negative) ... now.

2. When I've passed my driving test I ... hire a car from our
local garage.

3. At the end of the month the Post Office will send him an
enormous telephone bill which (negative) ... pay.

4. "I (negative)...remember the address" "...(negative)
you even remember the street?"

5. When the fog lifts we...see where we are.

6. You've put too much in your rucksack; you never... carry
all that.

7. When I was a child I (negative) ... understand adults, and
now I am an adult I (negative) ...understand children.

8. When I first went to Spain I ... read Spanish but I
(negative) ... speak it.

9. When you have taken your degree you ... letters after your
name?

10. Don't try to look at all the pictures in the gallery. Otherwise
when you get home you (negative) ...remember any of them.
11. He was very strong; he...ski all day and dance all night.
12. The car plunged into the river. The driver... get out but
the passengers were drowned.

13. I was a long way from the stage. I... see all right but I
(negative) ... hear very well.

14. We... borrow umbrellas; so we didn't get wet.
15. I knew the town so I advise him where to go.

16. When the garage had repaired our car we ...continue our
journey.

17. At five years old he ... read quite well.

18. When I arrived everyone was asleep. Fortunately, I ...
wake my sister and she let me in.

19. The swimmer was very tired but he... reach the shore
before he collapsed.

20. The police were suspicious at first but I ... persuade them
that we were innocent.

---Week 9

TAG QUESTIONS

Affirmative statement, negative tag?

Negative statement, affirmative tag?

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Helen can speak English very well, can’t she?
My mother is very beautiful, isn’t she?
Hoa makes the questions, doesn’t she?
Nam didn’t agree with you, did he?
My father went to the cinema, didn’t he?

SPECIAL CASES( Trờng hợp đặc biệt):
 a. Phần đuôi của “ I am” là “ Aren’t I ” .
Eg: I’m going to do it again, aren’t I?

b. Imperatives and Requests ( Câu mệnh lệnh và câu yêu cầu):

. Imperatives:

+ Có phần đuôi là wont you? và diễn tả lời mời:
Eg:Take your seat, won’t you? (Mêi «ng ngåi)
+ Cã phần đuôi là will you? và diễn tả lời yêu cÇu .
Eg:Open the door, will you? ( Xin vui lßng më cưa)
. Requests:

Eg:Please keep silient, will you? (Vui lòng giữ im lặng)
Please don’t make noise, will you? ( Xin vui lòng đừng làm ồn)
c. Phần đuôi của câu với “ Let’s + V ...” : là “Shall we ?”

Eg:Let’s go swimming, shall we? (Chúng ta đi bơi nhé)
d. Nothing, đợc thay là thế bằng “ It” ở câu hỏi đuôi:

Eg : Nothing gives you more pleasure than listening to music, does it ?

e. Noone, Nobody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everybody, everyone đợc thay thế bằng “They”

Eg:Someone remembered to leave the messages, didn’t they?

L
 u ý:

 Nothing, Nobody đợc dùng trong mệnh đề chính, động từ ở câu hỏi đuôi sẽ phải ở dạng thức xác định. 
Eg: Nobody phoned while I was out, did they?

This/ That đợc thay thế là “It”.
Eg:This won’t take long, will it?

These/ Those đợc thay thế là “They”.
Eg:Those are nice, aren’t they?

Exercises: Add questions to the following negative statements.

1.Bill came on a bicycle,………?
2.The Smiths have two cars,………..?
3.It could be done,……….?
4.She’s got lovely blue eyes,……….?
5.That’s him over there,……….?
6.No-one likes snakes ,………....…..?

7.You borrowed this book from the library, ……….?
8.Mai’s hobby is collecting stamps, ……….?
9.Lan and Hoa can’t swim, ……….…..?
10.Their father could hardly feed the family, ……….….….?
11. Her name is Linda Martin,…………..……...……?
12. You often have bread and meal for breakfast,……….?
13. He never drink wine,………..…………...?
14. I think she is a good teacher, ……….…...………….?
15. No salt is needed,………...?
16. Her name is Linda Martin,…………..………...…?
17. You often have bread and meal for breakfast,………….…….?
18. He never drink wine,………..…………...?
19. I think she is a good teacher, ……….…...………….?
20. No salt is needed,………...?
21. You always learn hard,………...?

22. The number of rare animals is decreasing so rapidly,……...…..?

23. Dinosaurs became extinct millions of years,………...…?
24. Visitors do not help to preserve and protect national parks, ………..?
25. No one has been there,…………...…..?

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30. Nobody helps me to send this document to my office,…… ……….?
31. You take sugar in tea, ...?

32. But you don't take it in coffee...?
33. The lift isn't working today...?
34. It never works very well,...?
35. There was no panic,...?
36. Mary hardly ever cooks,...?
37. She'd save money if she bought fresh food,...?
38. Neither of them offered to help you, ...?
39. They don't allow pet dogs in this shop,...?
40. He hardly ever leaves the house,...?
41. Nothing went wrong,...?
42. There used to be trees here,...?
43. He'll hardly come now,...?
44. He ought to have made a note of it,...?
45. Lions are loose in this safari park,...?

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---IT IS SAID THAT...; PEOPLE SAY THAT...

Structure:

S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2

→

It + be + V1pp + that + S2 + V2 (1)

→

S2 + be + V1pp + to V2 (2a)

→

S2 + be + V1pp + to have + V2pp (2b)

 Chú ý: V1 thường là: agree, hope, believe, consider, feel, know, think, say, understand, find, expect…
 Be chia theo thì của V1

 Khi V2 xảy ra đồng thời hoặc xảy ra sau V1 thì ta dùng cấu trúc 2a
 Khi V2 xảy ra trước V1 ta dùng cấu trúc 2b

They say that many people are homeless after the flood.
It is said that many people are homeless after the flood.
Many people are said to be homeless after the flood.

*Rewrite the following sentences without changing their meaning

1.Many people believe that she is an honest person
She is ………..
2.They think that the president will arrive soon

The president is ………..
3. It is reported that many passengers died in the crash
Many passengers are ………
4. It is expected that the prices will rise again this month
The prices are ……….
5. It is proved that life doesn’t exist on the moon

Life is proved not ……….

6.They say that he has passed the final exam with the best result
He is ………..
7. He is said to have been in the army

People say ……….
8. It is believed that the man escaped in a stolen car

The man ………
9. People say that he has been all over the world

He is ………
10. It is your duty to clean the board every day

You are supposed ………..
11. People say that he has 22 children.

He………
12. People say that he sleeps on a bed of nails.

He...
13. People say that he won a lot of money gambling.

He ...

* Choose the best option to complete each of the following sentences

1. Most children nowadays prefer watching TV ______ reading.

a. from b. to c. than d. over

2. I hate camping because I can't ______ an umbrella tent in the wind and I can't make a fire in the rain.
a. put up b. set off c. take over d. turn round

3. I'm not very ______ on going to a football match today.

a. keen b. enthusiastic c. happy d. interested
4. She would make an excellent lawyer - she's conscientious and has a ______ mind.

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a. well-trained b. well-informed c. well-built d. well-intentioned
5. There has been an increase in the ______ of folk music over recent years.

a. popular b. popularity c. popularize d. popularization

6. ______ applicants should send their completed forms to the personnel office.

a. Quality b. Qualitative c. Qualifications d. Qualified

7. There is an enormous range of holiday courses on ______ in the summer.

a. demand b. suggestion c. advice d. offer

8. Eating out is the national ______ in France.

a. pastime b. interest c. hobby d. game
9. When she was young she never had time to ______ her hobbies.

a. persist b. pursue c. engage d. delicate

10. There is considerable ______ over the safety of the treatment, so it hasn't been applied yet.

a. agree b. agreement c. disagree d. disagreement

A. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d -that best completes the sentences.

11. He can't hear and he can hardly speak ______.

a. either b. neither c. so d. also
12. I hadn't seen Derek for years. - ______. It is interesting to see how he's changed.

a. Either had I b. Neither had I c. I had either d. Neither I had
13. Pollution worries me, - Me too. It's something ______ lots of problems.

a. has brought b. is bringing c. which has brought d. that bringing

14. Not only ______ people to send words, music, and codes to any part of the world, it can also be used to
communicate far into space.

a. enabled by radio b. radio enables c. does radio enable d. radio has enabled
15. In the 1959 the political philosopher Hannah Arendt became the first woman ______ a full professor at

Princeton University.

a. to appoint b. was appointed c. to be appointed d. an appointment as
16. The assistant director recommended that Kenichi ______ to the New York office.

a. be transferred b. transferring c. is transferred d. to transfer
17. Not only the post office but also all banks ______ on national holidays.

a. closes b. close c. will close d. is closed

18. Steve Davis, ______ the trophy last year, is already out of this year's competition.

a. that won b. who won c. won d. whose win

19. Both intelligence and skill ______ good teaching.

a. is essential in b. are essential in c. is essential to d. are essential to
20. Unemployment ______ by 4% since January and now stands at just under three million.

a. was raised b. was risen c. has risen d. rose

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REVISION ON TENSES

* Choose the best option

1. While Tom (play) ……… tennis, Ann (take) ……… a shower yesterday.

A. played/ took B. was playing/ took C. played/ was taking D. was playing/ was taking
2. It (rain) ……… now. It (begin) ……… to rain two hours ago.

A. rained/ began B. is raining/ began C. rains/ began D. is raining/ is beginning
3. When he (work) ……… in the garden, the phone (ring) ……… last Tuesday.
A. was working/ rang B. worked/ rang C. works/ rings D. was woring/ was ringing
4. When I (come) ……… into the office, my boss (wait) ……… for me yesterday
afternoon.

A. came/ waited B. came/ was waiting C. came/ waits D. was coming/ waited
5. Binh (live) ……… in Ha Noi, but his sister, Lan (live) ……… in Thai Nguyen.
A. lives/ lived B. is living/ lives C. live/ lives D. lives/ lives

6. If she ……… much money, she would buy a new house.

A. has B. had C. has had D. haves

7. This is the most interesting novel I ……… .

A. read B. have ever read C. am reading D. was reading

8. At this time yesterday I (practise) ……… my music lesson.

A. read B. was reading C. have read D. am reading

*Give the correct tense of the verbs in brackets:

(1) While I (talk) to Mrs Singleton somebody (walk) into my office and (steal)the computer
(2) He (write) a novel for the last two years, but he (not,finish) yet

(3) I saw Sid when I (come) to work this morning. He (shop)
(4) You must wake her. She (sleep) soundly for ten hours

(5) We (do) an exercise on the present continuous tense at the moment
(6) My parents (work) 38 hours a week. They (be) workers

(7) That man (teach) in this school since 1985.Before he (come) here he (live) in Hue.Now he (live) in
the suburb and (come) to school every day on his bicycle

(8) Look ! the train (come). It always(come) to the station on time
(9) The world always (change). Things never (stay) the same

(10) Ron (be) London at the moment. He (stay) at the Hilton Hotel. He often (stay) at the Hilton Hotel
when he (be) in London

(11) I (not,know) she was ill last week. If I (know),I (visit) her
(12) After they (leave),we (sit) down and rested

(13) When we (go) to see them last night,they (play) cards.They (say),they (play) since six o’clock
(14) He (write) his report for two days,but he (not,finish) it yet

(15) They (already,arrest) her for shoplifting

(16) Alice and Louise (not,buy) anything at the store yesterday
(17) His father (travel) to Mexico by air last year

(18) He (just,repair) his bicycle.He (wash) his hands at the moment

(19) If I (continue) with my diet, I (lose) five kilos by the end of the month.
(20) If I have enough apples, I (bake) an apple pie this afternoon.

(21) If I had enough apples, I (bake) an apple pie this afternoon.
(22) I will fix your bicycle if I (have) a screwdriver of the proper size.
(23) If I (have) enough money, I would have gone with you.

(24) If the weather had been nice yesterday, we (go) to the zoo.

(25) Linda wasn’t at home yesterday. If she (be) at home yesterday, I (visit) her.
(26) It’s too bad Helen isn’t here. If she (be) here, she (know) what to do.

(27) Fred failed the test because he didn’t study. However, if he (study) for the test, he (pass) it.
(28) If I (have) my camera with me yesterday, I (take) a picture of Alex standing on his head.

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(29) My parents let me ( go ) out without ( say )anything.
(30) George ( not, complete ) the assignment yet

(31) Janet and Betty ( play ) tennis every afternoon with Jack and me.
(32) Tom used to ( go ) to a lot of parties when he was a student.
(33) Last night, he ( apologize ) me for ( arrive ) late.

(34) My grandfather ( die) after he ( be ) ill for a long time.
(35) I ( ask ) him ( take ) you to school tommorow.

(36) My sister ( write ) the first article when she ( be ) 14 years old.
(37) I ( find ) this old photo when I ( look ) for my passport.

(38) Whe we ( arrive ) at the meeting, the first speaker ( just, finish ) speaking and the audience was
clapping.

* Choose the best option to complete each of the following sentences.

1. Is there anything important ……… first?

A. doing B. done C. to do D. do

2. Ten thousand dollars ……… a large sum of money.

A. is B. are C. were D. being

3. Each of the students here ……… very intelligent.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

4. Mary and I are looking forward ……… you.

A. of seeing B. for seeing C. to seeing D. to see

5. Computers are ……… used in schools and universities

A. widely B. wide C. width D. widen

6. When we arrived ……… the station , the last train had just left.

A. in B. at C. for D. from

7. Lee, who is Chinese, learns English as a ……… language.

A. native B. second C. foreign D. first

8. Mai graduated ……… the university of education.

A. from B. at C. in D. for

9. English is spoken in many countries all ……… the world.

A. in B. over C. at D. from

10. I’m hungry. Is there any food ………?

A. to be eaten B. to eat C. eating D. for me eating

11. That problem is not easy enough for her ……….

A. solved B. solving C. to solve D. solves

12. Working for 12 hours a day ……… her feel tired.

A. makes B. made C. make D. making

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BẢNG TĨM TẮT CÁC THÌ Ở BỊ ĐỘNG

TENSE ( Thì ) ACTIVE ( Câu chủ động ) PASSIVE ( Câu bị động )

1. Simple present ( Hiện tại
đơn )

S + Verb ( s / es ) S + am / is / are + V3 / V-ed

2. Present continuous
( HTTD )

S + am / is / are + V-ing S + am /is /are + being + V3 /V-ed

3. Simple past (Quá khứ đơn ) S + V2 / V-ed S + was / were + V3 / V-ed

4. Past continuous ( QKTD ) S + was / were + V-ing S + was / were + being + V3 / V-ed

5. Present perfect ( HTHT ) S + have / has + V3 / V-ed S + have / has + been + V3 / V-ed

6. Modal verbs

7. Past perfect (QKHT)

S + will/shall/can/could/must…+ V3 /
V-ed

S + have/has/ought to + V1…
S + had + V3/ Ved

S + will/shall/can/could/must+ be +
V3/V-ed

S + have/has/ought to + be + V3/V-ed…
S + had + been + V3/ Ved

Rewrite the following sentences in the passive voice:

1. Someone can’t make a cake without sugar.



A cake ...
2. Dangerous driving causes many accidents.



Many accidents ...
3. I was making coffee when the light went out.

 Coffee ...

4. She is telling us the news.

 We ...

5. The police haven’t arrested the man who stole your money.

 The man ...

6. Jonh will subscribe to Hoa Hoc Tro weekly magazine if he lives in Vietnam.

 Hoa Hoc Tro weekly magazine...

7.When did people build this hotel?

When ...

8. Mai cleans this room everyday.

 This room ...

9. That man is sending money to his ralatives

 Money ...

10. Somebody robbed the bank near our house last week.

 The bank ...

11. Nobody has invited her to the party.

 She ...

12.Their father had driven them to the airport before we came.

 They ...

13. People should send their complaints to the head office.

Their complaints ...

14. They are introducing the game to students.

 The game ...

15. You must fill in this form

 This form.. ...

VI/ Choose the sentence marked ( a, b, c, d ) which means the same as the original sentence:

1/ No one has used that door.

a. That door hasn't been used. b. That door has been not used.
c. That door has been used not. d. That door wasn't used.
2/ They feed the animals in the zoo everyday.

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a. The animals everyday are fed in the zoo. b. The animals are everyday fed in the zoo.
c. The animals are fed in the zoo everyday. d. The animals are being fed in the zoo everyday.
3/ People don’t use this road very often.

a. This road is not used very often. b. Not very often this road is not used.
c. This road very often is not used. d. This road not very often is used.

5/ Nobody told us about the accident.

a. We were told about the accident. b. We were not told about the accident.
c. We no were told about the accident. d. We were told not about the accident.
6/ The house with the red roof is mine.

a. The house whose roof is mine. b. The house whose is roof is mine.
c. The house whose roof is red is mine. d. The house whose is red roof is mine.
7/ They haven’t cleaned the streets this week.

a. The streets hasn’t been cleaned this week. b. The streets have been cleaned this week.
c. The streets has been cleaned this week. d. The streets haven’t been cleaned this week.
8. Someone has just stolen his car.

a. His car have just been stolen. b. His car has just stolen.
c. His car has just been stolen. d. His car has just been stole.
9. No one in class is taller than Dave.

a. Dave is the tallest student in the class. b. Dave is taller student in the class.
c. Dave is the taller student in the class. d. Dave is tallest student in the class.
10 . We should warn the children not to speak to strangers.

a. The children shouldn’t be warned to speak to strangers.
b. The children should be warned to speak to strangers.
c. The children should warned not to speak to strangers.
d. The children should be warned not to speak to strangers.
11. It was believed that the man had escaped in a stolen car.

a. The man was believed to escape in a stolen car.
b. The man was believed to have escaped in a stolen car.

c. The man believed to escape in a stolen car.

d. They believed that the man had stolen the car.

---SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION

1. This is too hard a question for her to answer.

The question ………...
2. I was sitting next to a boy in the exam. He told me the answers.

The boy I ………...
3. I haven't been to Ha Noi for three years.

The last time ………...…………
4. I’m always nervous when I travel by air.

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Travelling ………...………
5. Speaking English fluently is not easy.

It is ………...……….
6. The door was so heavy that the child couldn’t push it open.

The door was too ……...…………..
7. Our meeting is tomorrow.

We are ………...
8. You can’t visit the United States unless you get a visa.

If you ………...
9. She didn’t say a word as she left the room.

She left the room ………...
10. Michael laughed when I told him the joke.

The joke ………...
11. The remark was so unexpected that she didn’t know what to say.
It was...
12. You're the worst guitarist in the world.

Noone...
13. it was waste of time to write that letter.

I needn’t ...
14. Although the fish appears to be harmless, it is quite dangerous.

Contrary...
15. He didnt remember anything about it, and neither did she.

he forgot...
16. I wish I had applied for that job.

It is a ...
17. As I didnt know all the facts I rang the police.

If ...
18. She didnt work hard enough, so she lost the job.

The reason...
19. "You can leave early" Mr Minh said to Hai

Mr Minh ...
20. I have no advice, which I can offer you.

I have no ...
21. It doesn’t need to be finished this afternoon.

It ………...………
22. They think the owner of the house is abroad.

The owner ………...……….
23. Michael laughed when I told him the joke.

The joke ………...……
24. Jenny does not play tennis as well as she used to.

Jenny used ………...…
25. The door was so heavy that the child couldn’t push it open.

The door was too ………...
26. Our meeting is tomorrow.

We are ………...………...
27. You can’t visit the United States unless you get a visa.

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If you ………...
28. She didn’t say a word as she left the room.

She left the room ………...……….
29. I’m always nervous when I travel by air.

Travelling ………...……
30. John is fat because he eats so many chips.

If ………...…….
31. She and I have never been there before.

Neither ...
32. John doesn't always speak the truth, I'm afraid.

You can't ...
33. I'm always nervous when I face a lot of people.

Facing...
34. They never made us do anything we didn't want to do.

We ...
35. We had to wait two hours for John.

John kept ...
36. This is the best essay I have ever written.

Never ...
37. There was no need for you to have gone to all that trouble.

You ...
38. They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left.

Only after a ...
39. " Would you like to come round for a drink ? " He said.

He ...
40. If the work is finished by lunchtime you can go home.

Get...
41. Where do you come from ?

Would you mind telling me ...
42. I am taking the 5.30 train tomorrow evening.

Janet said ...
43. I will call the police if you don't leave me alone !

Unless ...
44. I wouldn't accept if you asked me to marry you.

If you were ...
45. Please don't eat in the classroom .

I 'd rather ...
46. I don't like being so tall.

I wish I ...
47. People think that an apple a day is good for you.

An apple a day ...
48. Your hair is long . You ought to get it cut.

Your hair is long . It ...
49. Does this camera belong to you ?

Do ...
50. Do you thing you could possiblly carry this bag, David ?

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Jean asked David to ...
51. If I met the author one day, I'd ask him to sign my copy of this book.
Were I …...….
52. He always has his nose in a book and never pays attention to what I say.
If he didn't …...……

53. Alice and Charles did not decide to move to a bigger house until after the birth of their second child.
Only when …...….

54. You are under no obligation to accept their offer.

You can please ...………
55. Martin may not be very well but he still manages to enjoy life.

Martin's poor …...…….
56. The Pacific Ocean is on average deeper than the Atlantic.

The average ……...……
57. I don't really like her , even though I admire her achievements.

Much ……...…..
58. There were not nearly as many people there as I had expected.

There were far …...…….

59. There was no need for you to have gone to all that trouble.

You …………...
60. This is the best essay I have ever written.

Never ………...

---REVISION

Choose the best option

1. It was the boy ______ broke the window.

A. which B. who C. whom D. whose

2. The new camera ______ I bought on the internet last week is broken.

A. whom B. which C. for which D. at which.

3. We met Mary’s father, ________.

A. who teaches us English B. whom teaches us English

C. whose teaches us English D. that teaches us English.

4. Peter is the one ______ we miss most.

A. who B. which C. whose D. that

5. The teacher _____ is very kind to everyone.

A. to whom I talked yesterday B. who I talked yesterday.

C. to that I talked yesterday D. that I talked yesterday

6. Has she bought the dress---?

A. that she is fond in B. which she is fond of C. who she wants to give to D. which you made of
7. English is the subject which she is good---.

A. at B. of C. about D. in

8. Has she got the job---?

A. which she applied to B. which she applied about C. which she applied for D. which she applied on
9. That is the woman---.

A. who daughter I fall in love to B. whose daughter I fall in love for

C. whose daughter I fall in love with D. to whose daughter I fall in love

10. The restaurant---overlooks a beautiful lake.

A. we often go to which B. which we often go to C. where we often go there D. which

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A. to surround B. surrounding C. surrounded D. surround
12. The people---in the accidents have been taken to Bach Mai hospital.

A. injured B. injuring C. to injure D. injure

13. The pictures---by Picasso are expensive.

A. painting B. to be painting C. painted D. to paint

14. I like living in a house---the sea.

A. overlooked B. overlooking C. overlooks D. looks to

15. There are a lot of problems---immediately.

A. to be solved B. to solve C. that solve D. solve

16. I am the last one---of the news.

A. informing B. to inform C. to be informed D. inform

17. Tom was the last---the classroom yesterday.

A. to leave B. leaving C. left D. leaves.

18. A---is someone who sells meat.

A. baker B. butcher C. chemist D. shopkeeper

19. A person who sells flowers is called a---.

A. florist B. farmer C. vegetarian D. biologist

20. We call a man who delivers mails a---.

A. newsman B. mailbox C. mailman D. officer

21. We’d like to buy the house---overlooks West Lake.

A. who B. whose C. where D. which

22. The woman,---daughter Jack loves, is very kind.

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

23. The letter---she received this morning is from the USA.

A. who B. whose C. whom D. which

24. I don’t know girl---is wearing a long blue dress.

A. whomB. whose C. which D. who

25. The police are asking the man---car has been stolen.

A. whomB. whose C. which D. that

26. The man---she respects is her teacher.

A. whomB. whose C. which D. who

27. Our house,---was destroyed in the storm, is now being rebuilt.

A. whomB. whose C. which D. who

28. I like the car---.

A. which imported from Japan B. he is driving

C. which have air conditioner D. which he is driving it

29. The ring---is made of gold and diamond.

A. she is wearing it B. he gave it to her C. she is wearing D. Linda like

30. The job---is very dangerous.

A. he applied B. for it he applied
C. he applied for it D. which the coal miners does
31. The man---must be intelligent and handsome.

A. whom loves her B. who loving her C. she is loving D. she loves

32. Literature is the subject---.

A. I am good in B. I am terrifying of C. I am bored at D. I am bad at

Replace the clauses in underline type by infinitives.
1. He was the first man who left the burning building.
2. You are the last person who saw her alive.

3. My brother was the only one who realized the danger.
4. The pilot was the only man who survived the crash.

5. The city suffers from air pollution. The city suffers from water pollution. (both…and)

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6. He is interested in gardening. He is interested in collecting stamps. (not only…but also)

7. The library doesn’t have the book I need. The bookstore doesn’t have the book I need. (neither…
nor)

8. We can fix dinner for them or we can take them to the restaurant. (either or)
9. Solar energy is free. Solar energy is inexhaustible. (both…and)

Rewrite the following sentences

1 The hotel wasn’t clean. And it wasn’t comfortable.

The hotel was ...
2 It was a very boring film. It was very long too.

The film ...
3 Is that man’s name Richard? Or is it Robert? It’s one of the two.

That man’s name ...
4 I haven’t got the time to go on holiday. And I haven’t got the money.

I’ve got ...
5 We can leave today or we can leave tomorrow - whichever you prefer.

We ...
7. People say that he sleeps on a bed of nails.

He ...

Identify one underlined word or phrase that is incorrect

1. The picture of the soldiers bring back many memories.

2. If the duties of these officers isn’t reduced, there will not be enough time to finish it
3. Either Bill nor Mary is going to the play tonight.

4. A number of reporters was at the conference yesterday.

5. Every elementary school teacher have to take this examination.
6. These pictures, as well as this photograph brightens the room.
7. What he said you seems to be of no importance.

8. Measles are cured without much difficulty nowadays.
9. The picture of the soldiers bring back many memories.

10. If they had left the house early, they wouldn’t have been so late at the play.
11. Romeo, believing that Juliet was dead, decided to kill him.

12. Mr Robbins accompanied by his wife and children are arriving tonight.
13. Writing many letters make her happy.

14. The effects of cigarette smoking has been proven to be extremely harmful.
15. His pants are in the drawer. Her are under the table.

16. Had finished their supper, the boys went out to play.

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