28 dịch đại cương EN42 024

Dịch đại cương – EN42

1. The predominant purpose of theories of translation is ………… of every word and phrase in the original.
b. to express as exactly as possible the full force and meaning

2. In the other theory of translation, the predominant purpose is……… , but rather moves in its new dress with the same ease
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as in its native rendering.
a. to produce a result that does not read like a translation at all
Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language
(………………………), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies.
b. source language
Translating must aim primarily at …………………………………….To do anything else is essentially false to one’s task as a
translator.

d. “reproducing the message.”
Translation Studies, indeed a discipline in its own right, aims ……… which can be used as a guideline for the production of
translations.
a. to produce a comprehensive theory
Translation should ensure that the ……… meaning of the two will be approximately similar.
a. surface
Translation has become popular in language learning and daily life. So far, there have been ………………………definitions
of translation.
a. many
Since the mid-1970s the name ‘Translation Studies’ has been adopted to indicate that the …….
……………………………………………is not just a minor branch of comparative literary study, nor yet a specific area of
linguistics, but a vastly complex field .
b. study of translation Câu trả lời đúng
to translate means “……………… a text in a target setting for a target purpose and target addresses in target
circumstances”.
b. to produce
The translator discovers the meaning behind the forms in the source language and does his best to produce the same
meaning …………
a. in the target language
There is some unusuality or ……… in the target language.
c. Unnaturalness
The forms are ……………… to as the surface structure of a language.
b. Referred
Translation is the ………………. of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text in a
second language.
b. Replacement
The linguistic approaches basically saw translating as ……………
b. a code-switching operation.
Translation has become popular in language learning and daily life. So far, there have been many ………..……………….. of
translation,

d. definitions
Translation may be defined as follows: the replacement of textual material in one language (Source Ianguage.) by
…………………. in another language (Target Language).
c. equivalent material
Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (source
language), preserving………………
b. semantic and stylistic equivalencies.
The theory of translation involves normative approaches, putting a strong emphasis on prescribing to translators how to and
……………
b. how not to translate.

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19. Translation theory includes ……………………….for translating figurative language, dealing with lexical mismatches,
rhetorical questions, inclusion of cohesion markers, and many other topics crucial to good translation.
a. Principles
20. It is the structural part of language which is actually seen in print or heard in ………
c. Speech
21. There are a variety of cultural elements to take into………………..when starting a translation.
a. consideration
Translation is rendering a written text into another language in a way that the …………….. intended the text.
b. Author

22. Translation it must be conceived as an integral communicative……………………….
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a. Performance
The instructor can then hope to measure the students’ linguistic competence by …..
b. means of the target language products.
The choice of the right word in the receptor language to translate a word in the source-language text depends more ………
than upon a fixed system of verbal consistency.
b. on the context
The manner in which the target reader responds to the target text must be the same as that in which the source reader
responded to ………
c. the source text. Câu trả lời đúng
In ………………………..the form of the source language is replaced by the form of the receptor/target language.
b. Translation
The source-language content, form, style, function, etc. must be preserved, or at least that the translation must seek
………….them as far as possible.
a. to preserve
The translator must strive for equivalence rather than identity. In a sense this is just another way of emphasizing
………………….rather than the conservation of the form of the utterance
c. the reproduction of the message
At the beginning of the 1970s, the focus shifted from the word or phrase ……the text as a unit of translation.
c. To
Practically, whether ………………is termed as ‘Translation Theory’ or ‘Translation Studies’ it culminates with the theory on
proper principles of translation.

a. the study of translation
The linguistic approaches basically …………….. translating as a code-switching operation.
c. Saw
Translation, by dictionary definition, consists of changing from one state or form to another, to turn into ………………or
another’s language.
d. one’s own Câu trả lời đúng
Translating may be defined as the process of ……………………signs or representations into other signs or representations.
c. Transforming
Translation theory includes principles for translating figurative language, dealing with lexical mismatches, rhetorical
questions, inclusion of cohesion markers, and …
d. many other topics crucial to good translation.
The structures of ………. will be preserved as closely as possible but not so closely that the target language structure will be
seriously distorted.
d. the source language
36. A satisfactory translation is always possible, but a good translator is never satisfied ……it.
a. With Câu trả lời đúng

Dịch đại cương – EN42
Bài luyện tập trắc nghiệm 02

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37. While the source text is addressed to a certain …………………, the translated text changes this factor in the situation of the
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language event to new readers in a new language.
b. Readership
The three elements of source language, source text, and translator, theoretically and ………. precede the translated text.
c. Practically
A consecutive interpreter is one whose job is to change what…………………in one language into another language.
a. has been said
The source language, as has been seen earlier, is not only the very central and initial point for the …………….of the
translation process but also is the background for all translation processes.
d. Start
This means that the translator has, ………………….the pressure of deadlines, more time than the interpreter (especially the
simultaneous interpreter) to process the source text thoroughly .
a. Despite
…………sits next to or behind his “client” doing a great variety of activities under different names: “community
interpreting”, “public service interpreting”, “hospital interpreting”, “mental health interpreting” and “social service
interpreting”
a. The interpreter

The elements of translation interact as elements achieving one function, in ……each element relates to one or more of the
rest.
b. Which
The producer of the final interpretation …………………… determines the meaning(s) which readers of the translation will
read.
b. Which
The presentation here is conducted in a systematic manner with ……… restricted interactivity and closeness and much
faster than consecutive interpretation.
c. Somewhat
compared with ………………text, the target language translated text may be so long, longer, or even shorter and may have
new features which may not be found in the source language.
a. the source language
During preparations for simultaneous………………….., the interpreters’ booth, if not fixed, should be positioned so that the
interpreters can see the speakers.
d. Interpretation
If the source text is taken to be the starting point of the translation process, then the translated text is the text which results
from ………
c. the translation process.
The translator is …………element in translation, since the study of translation and the language of translation is no more
than the study of the translator’s linguistic ability
a. the most important
Literal force is of course inevitably lost in these cases and the best that can be achieved is ……..to the pragmatic function of
the TL cultural reference or practice.
b. by means of faithfulness
A simultaneous translator changes what ……………………in one language into another language as someone is speaking.
c. is being said
The source text is the text which has been chosen for translation. The translator cannot, without a good reason, change
any………………..
a. Topic of the text
c. part of the source text.

A Vietnamese-English translated text should follow the language rules……………. social-cultural features of the English –
not Vietnamese – language and vice versa.
a. and
For simultaneous interpretation, microphones, earphones and a booth are necessary ……………….
d. technical equipment.

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55. To have interpretation as precise as possible, they should make regular shorter breaks to enable the interpreters
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…………………….the message in the same spirit.

a. to relay
…………… is the language to which the text to be translated belongs. In other words, the source language is prior to
translation.
b. The source language
The translator, like the linguist who …………..all human languages to be on an equal footing, is among the first candidate to
be liberated from the dominance of one language/culture
c. takes
The language of translation is perceived from the translated text, ……………the translator’s interpretations, the
translator’s strategies and the translator’s abilities.
d. reflecting
The translator’s judgments, strategies and manipulations ………………all potentially exist in the translator’s interpretation
of the source text and the formulation of the translated text which is governed by the target language.
a. Do
The translator has to think over his/her translation to suit a reader according to the reader’s social norms in the target
language, so the language of translation is …
b. social
Mastery of the source language is a …………….for the translator, since this mastery is the key to his/her readings and
interpretations of the text to be translated.
d. Must
The readers to whom the ………………….. text is addressed are native or non-native users of the target language.
b. Translated
Today, roughly speaking, three ………………….of interpreting are practiced: liaison, consecutive and simultaneous
interpreting.
c. Forms
What the interpreter is unable to grasp in his first and only confrontation with the text is …………….forever.
c. Lost
whereas the interpreter is faced with a unique, orally delivered text, the translator has ……………………of “flicking back”
through the permanently available written text.
b. the possibility
The translator is supposed to be beyond the influences of the social and …………. environment of any of the two languages.

d. Cultural
The target language is the language into which ……………………from another language is translated.
c. a text
The translated text is the actual definite material, …………has been produced by conveying the meaning of a source text in
terms of another language and culture.
a. Which
Typically, two interpreters are placed together in a booth, and they follow an audio-transmission of speeches and
…………………….
a. interpret them directly.
In addition…………..the changes resulting from the movement from one language to another, translation necessarily
changes the receiver or addressee of the text.
c. to
……………to whom the translated text is addressed are native or non-native users of the target language.
b. The readers
The translated text is the actual definite material, which has been produced by ……………………..of a source text in terms
of another language and culture.
a. conveying the meaning
The language of translation is ………………. from the translated text, reflecting the translator’s interpretations, the
translator’s strategies and the translator’s abilities.
b. Perceived

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74. ……is the interpreter of the source text, and the producer of the final interpretation which determines the meaning(s) which
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readers of the translation will read.
a. The translator
The translator is unable to change any aspect of the source language. Rather, many aspects of the translator’s work are
conditioned and determined by……
a. the source language.
b. The second language
c. The translated language
when meeting for the first time, …………………………..when introduced to a guest, English people often say: How do you
do? as a greeting
b. Especially
Gist translation can be used in language learning situations (using the same language) ………at a written test
a. to summarize a written text
Semantic translation focuses to a great degree on ………………..and form (syntax) of the original texts of high status
d. meaning (semantic content)
…………… translation (or sometimes direct/interlinear translation) focuses on translating words from the source text into

the target language while the word order of the original is preserved.
b. Word for word
The number of words and the sentence length may vary, depending on the ……………….of the translator when he/she adds
explanations or comments to make clear the meaning of the original.
a. Subjectivity
Gist translation canbe used in language learning situations (using the same language) ………………at a written test
a. to summarize a written text
Communicative translation gives high priority to the message communicated in the text where the actual form of the
original is not closely bound to ……………
b. its intended meaning
Adaptation translation aims to create an equivalence of ……. applicable to a different situation than that of the source
language.
a. the same value
In this situation the translator’s task is recreate some form of language ……………the same meaning.
b. to convey
It is also very useful for the translator to understand and analyze the original text before ………….it into the target
language.
a. translating
Idiomatic translation can be applied to the English sentence that describes the degree of the sameness of the two girls’
appearance “ They look ………….. the same” (Chúng giống nhau như hai giọt nước).
c. Exactly
“business is business” could be translated …………… as Cơng việc là cơng việc, khơng chen tình cảm vào đây được.
d. Freely Câu trả lời đúng
The classifications of translation types are many according to different points of view, based on either structure, function, or
………
b. semantics of language. Câu trả lời đúng
Different strategies or different methods of translation produce ………………. kinds of translation.
c. Different Câu trả lời đúng
……………is featured by the fact that grammatical structures and the meaning of words are translated almost as closely as
those in the target language without paying attention to the situation or context .

b. Literal translation Câu trả lời không đúng
Adaptation can also be considered a translation technique used when the context in the original text ……… in the Target
Text culture.
b. does not exist
Sometimes the grammar structure or the form of the words in the target language may …………………
b. change Câu trả lời đúng

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93. Faithful translation can be described as one kind of translation which tries ………of words and context situation according
to the grammar rules of the target language.
d. to convey the meanings
94. It goes without saying that all the types of translation mentioned above may ………….. justified in particular circumstances.
d. be
95. In the history of translation development there have been a great number of terms: literal, free, literary, non-literary,
borrowing, equivalence, figurative, so on ………
c. and so forth. Câu trả lời đúng
96. It is also very useful for the translator ……………………and analyze the original text before translating it into the target
language.
a. to understand Câu trả lời đúng
97. The translator tries to come as close as possible to the meaning conveyed by the words, by means of word order change or
word choice so that the true meaning is……………….
b. conveyed. Câu trả lời đúng
98. …………….is based on the meaning of the text which aims to produce the message of the original but tends to distort
nuances of meaning by using idioms and colloquialism where there do n ot exist in the original.
a. Idiomatic translation Câu trả lời đúng
99. A text could be translated into anything, ranging from one sentence to usually one third of the original length, depending
…………………
d. on specific situations. Câu trả lời đúng

100.
………………is characterized by keeping the main idea/gist of a text, omitting all of its supporting details and
subsidiary arguments.
c. Gist translation Câu trả lời đúng
101.
As indicated by the word “free”, free translation (sometimes dynamic translation) focuses more ……..than form in
the target language
a.on content Câu trả lời đúng
102.
In other words, adaptation translation aims to create an equivalence of the same value ………. to a different
situation.
c. Applicable Câu trả lời đúng
103.
In English, the negation of the verb in the first clause stands for ……..in the following clause.
d. the negation of the verb Câu trả lời đúng
104.
A text could be translated into anything, ranging from one sentence to usually one third of the ………length,
depending on specific situations.
d. original Câu trả lời đúng
105.
The meaning of words are translated almost as ……………… as those in the target language without paying
attention to the situation or context
b. closely Câu trả lời đúng
106.
Adaptation is a highly free type of translation. Here the focus is on socio-cultural phenomena or ………………that
are absent in the target culture.
c. practices Câu trả lời đúng
107.
English prepositions are usually single words in, at, on…; …………, there are some prepositions that look like a
phrase, phasal prepositions: because of, in spite of…

c. However Câu trả lời đúng
108.
In some cases a prepositional phrase at the beginning of the English sentence may …………………that it is the
subject of the sentence:
c. make the translator misunderstand Câu trả lời đúng
109.
There is no article in Vietnamsese whereas the ………….of article: indefinite articles a, an, definite article the, or
zero article is a must in English noun phrases.
c. Use Câu trả lời đúng
110.
The translator should remember …..the zero article with plural count nouns in English to mean generally
c. to use Câu trả lời đúng

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111.

Translators should define proper verbs of English to go with the subject, either …………………….: be, get,
become… or action/dynamic verbs run, work… to follow the subject.
a. linking/static verbs Câu trả lời đúng
112.
Syntactical forms which …………. used to express grammatical meanings of the verb in English sentences are
obligatory,
b. are Câu trả lời đúng
113.
……………………..in the English sentence is usually a noun phrase, pronouns, proper names, to-infinitives,
gerunds, or clauses
d. The subject Câu trả lời đúng
114.

The sentence is structurally made up of a group of words which has subject and ……………………..as indispensible
elements; the complement, object and adverbial are optional:
b. verb predicate Câu trả lời đúng
115.
A sentence is a group of words conveying a complete idea which normally contain a subject and a verb
predicate…………………
b. in “finite” forms Câu trả lời đúng
116.
Translators should use procedures of tranposition to render from the Source Language texts …………as to suit the
Target Language grammar rules.
c. in such ways Câu trả lời đúng
117.
As for noun phrases (NP), the noun (common noun: love, proper noun: Mai, and pronoun: you) is ………of the
phrase.
b. Head Câu trả lời đúng
118.
The classification of words in Vietnamese does not seem to be so distinctive: word classes do not have their typical
forms, their forms never change in the sentence.
d. Classification Câu trả lời đúng
119.
In English, the …………….. phrase can be used after a verb, an adjective, or a noun and depend on them.
c. Prepositional Câu trả lời đúng
120.
Translators should define both subject and verb predicate at …………….. time if they want to translate a sentence.
a. the same Câu trả lời đúng

121.

In English-Vietnamese translation of the predicate verb, the meanings of time and aspect can ……………………to
such words as đã, sẽ, sắp, đang…

c. Correspond Câu trả lời đúng
122.
The …………………………….in the English sentence usually stands right after the subject, giving information
about the subject.
b. verb predicate Câu trả lời đúng
123.
It is ………………..that in an English sentence the predicate verb (V) be in finite forms, the predicate agreeing with
the subject in person and number
b. Obligatory Câu trả lời đúng
124.
As can be seen from above, the English sentence is mechanically indicated by means of a period/stop (.), a question
mark (?) or an exclamation mark (!) – never by a comma (,) -……………………..
b. at the end in writing Câu trả lời đúng
125.
Coordinating conjuctions are only in mid-position whereas ………………conjunctions can be in initial or midposition in the sentence.
d. Subordinating Câu trả lời đúng
126.
It is clear that words are ……..of by morphemes. For example, the word “book” has one morpheme and “book-s”
two morphemes
c. made up Câu trả lời đúng
127.
Things are defined as all animate beings and all inanimate entities. Events include all actions, processes, ………..
experiences.
c. And Câu trả lời đúng
128.
Concept is used in this section to refer not to the form (word) but only ……… the meaning in any given language.
d. To Câu trả lời đúng

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129.

Figurative meaning is based on or makes use of figures of ………………such as metaphor (an implied comparison
between two things with the same characteristic.
c. Speech Câu trả lời đúng
130.
Connotation is subjective by the language users, and can be influenced by ……
d. many factors Câu trả lời đúng
131.
There will be words which …………….some of the meaning components combined in them matching a word which
has these components with some additional ones.
b. have Câu trả lời đúng
132.
………………meaning is also referred to as conceptual, cognitive or propositional meaning, but the sense is the
same.
a. denotative
c. Indirect
133.
In Vietnamese, words that correspond to both lexical …………………. grammatical words in English are numerous.
c. And Câu trả lời đúng
134.
The translator begins drafting the translation piece by piece, section …………………………by using the lexis and
structures
b. by section Câu trả lời đúng
135.
Faced by a text in a language, as student translators, you should analyze the text by asking and ………….several
questions.
c. Answering Câu trả lời đúng
136.

In word formation, morphemes which occur at the front of a word are called ……………………….
a. prefixes Câu trả lời đúng
137.
……………should be aware of the concepts muli-words convey and the rules how to make and write compound
words in English.
a. Translators Câu trả lời đúng
138.
Meaning components are ‘packaged’ differently in one language from another. That is why the translator needs
…………… to analyze the lexical items (words) of the source text in order to translate them.
d. to be able Câu trả lời đúng
139.
However, grammatical words in general and articles and prepositions in ………………..might cause headache to
translators.
c. particular Câu trả lời đúng
140.
Vietnamese is a ………… language. Vietnamese words do not change their forms.
b. non-inflectional
141.
It may then be possible to translate with a word in the receptor language which is ………………… the central
concept and use a phrase to add a further definition.
b. equivalent for
c. equivalent with
d. equivalent to
142.
Semantically, the meaning of a word includes a number of meaning components classified as things, events,
attributes or relations which are combined ………………lexical items.
c. into Câu trả lời đúng
143.
There are some word classes that are only typical in certain languages, so the number of word classes in all
languages is not similar and their ………………..are not the same.

a. Relationship
b. Syntactic functions
d. grammartical context.
144.
Translators should rely on the context to select the right word; in ………………about which word to be used, they
could consult a dictionary of synonyms and antonyms or any thesaurus for help.
a. case of doubt Câu trả lời đúng
145.
The translators should read the text several times, then if possible read other materials that may help in
understanding the culture or language of the ……………………
c. source text Câu trả lời đúng

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146.

The translator also has to solve, ………………., matters involving text adjustments in terms of additions, omissions
and adaptations.
a. in mind Câu trả lời đúng
147.
The translator should try ………..in the text those differences (usually by underlining) both in linguistic and
cultural aspects between the source and target language
c. to find Câu trả lời đúng
148.
Remember that all of our verbalizing must be done in the target language now. We must ………………..between
alternatives and produce a text that is sequentially complete.
c. Choose Câu trả lời đúng
149.
When analyzing the text for translation ……………… the first time, the translator needs to find answers to these

questions:
a. with
c. for
d. Under
150.
Polysemes can be compared with homonyms, which are words with several …………………meanings
d. Unrelated Câu trả lời đúng
151.
When a word has one morpheme, the morpheme belongs to the ……………….. category girl, house, do… which
cannot be divided into smaller meaningful units.
a. Free/root Câu trả lời đúng
152.
There is any place where information has been added, omitted, or subtracted
c. subtracted Câu trả lời đúng
153.
If any key words are …………….., the text will need to be checked carefully for consistency in the change made.
b. Changed Câu trả lời đúng
154.
The translator should examine his reasons for choosing the text and the potential for its use by the
…………….audience.
b. Receptor language
155.
Certain strategies ………………… those differences; for example, certain expressions or key terms in their text-tobe need to be selected.
b. to deal with Câu trả lời đúng
156.
He or she reformulates the translation according to the grammar rules, …………….., cultural norms in the target
language.
a. word usage Câu trả lời đúng
157.
What is generally understood as translation involves the ……………..of a source language text into the target text.

b. rendering Câu trả lời đúng
158.
In word formation, morphemes which occur at the end of a word are called………………………….
a. bound
b. root
d. Suffixes !!
159.
there is a skewing between the semantic classification …………… the grammatical classification. Some words are
made up of more than one concept.
d. And câu trả lời đúng
160.
The translator must guard against trying to match ………………….. from language to language, since each
language has its own system for arranging concepts into different parts of speech.
a. pieces of speech
d. parts of speech
161.
It can be said that language cannot exist without words. Word ………is the reflection of human perception of the
world.
a. Combination
b. formimg
c. categorization
162.
The stage of editing the translated text which ……………. the form of a careful last-minute checking and correcting
of possible mistakes or other inaccuracies is implemented in most cases of translation.
a. takes Câu trả lời đúng

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163.

English vocabulary mostly consists in single words, but …………….…..of multiword vocabulary is not small.
c. the amount Câu trả lời đúng
164.
If any key words are changed, the text will need to be checked carefully for consistency in the change……………….
b. made. Câu trả lời đúng
165.
Once the translation is completed, the translator should revise it, rarely fewer than three times and, ………, with a
time lapse (after hours or even days) between revisions.
c. when possible Câu trả lời đúng
166.
Translator need revise the draft on the basis of the feedback received from those people who may have suggested
many…………………., changes, additions or omissions with the translator.
a. Rewrite
c. Rewriting
d. Rewordings
167.
Translators have to make sure that they ………………….a text well in the original language
c. understand Câu trả lời đúng
168.
Translators should use procedures of transposition to render from the Source Language texts …………………..as to
suit the Target Language grammar rules.
a. in such ways

169.

Every text has a set of words which ……………………… to the content and correct communication of the theme.

a. are crucial

170.

Verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, interjections, prepositions, articles and pronouns are called parts of
…………………

a. spoke
b. Speech

d. speed

10