Đáp án môn Từ Vựng Ngữ Nghĩa Học _ EN11 Đại học mở

A compound is a unit of vocabulary which ........................................
...more than one lexical stem. The resulting compound functions as a single item
with specific meaning and grammar
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a.Consists with
b.Consists of Câu trả lời đúng
c.Consists by
d.Consists in
The branch of lexicology devoted to the study of meaning is called semasiology.
Meaning is a realization of a notion or a motion....................definite language
system.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a.Through means of
b.For means of
c.By means of Câu trả lời đúng
d.In means of

The definition of the meaning is especially
difficult ........................ ..................................the process by which language and
human consciousness serve to reflect the reality and adopt it to human needs
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a.Due to the complexity of Câu trả lời đúng
b.Due at the complexity of
c.Due for the complexity of
d.Due onto the complexity of


All major works on semantic theory have so far been based on referential
concepts of meaning. The best known referential model of meaning
is .................................
Chọn một câu trả lời:

a.The then-called "basic triangle"
b.The too-called "basic triangle"
c.The first-called "basic triangle"
d.The so-called "basic triangle" Câu trả lời đúng
Antonyms are words of the same part of speech, but opposite in meaning.
Many words, especially those denoting concrete objects (chair, tree, tiger) have
no antonyms. Usually adjectives denoting qualities, verbs .............................
actions or state and abstract nouns have antonyms
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a.Denotation
b.Denoting Câu trả lời đúng
c.Denotational
d.Denotative

Some English words can change their word class …………………………. their
form. Thus, they can function as nouns (e.g. a Mother) or as verbs (to mother
somebody) without any affixes or inflections. Such change of a word class
without any derivative means is called conversion
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Without changing their form. Câu trả lời đúng
b. Without being changing their form. Câu trả lời không đúng
c. Without any change their form.
d. Without being changed their form. Câu trả lời không đúng


Grammar, which is inseparably bound up with Lexicology, is the study of the
grammatical …………………… of language
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Results
b. Reasons

c. Structure Câu trả lời đúng
d. Causes
There are many different types of English dictionaries. First of all they may all
be roughly divided into two groups — encyclopaedic and linguistic. The two
groups of …………………………………differ essentially in the choice of
items included and in the sort of information given about them.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Referential
b. Reference books Câu trả lời đúng
c. Referent
d. Referring books
A morpheme is also an association of a given meaning with………………..But
unlike a word it is not autonomous. Morphemes occur in speech only as
constituent parts of words, not independently, although a word may consist of a
single morpheme
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. A giving sound pattern
b. A given sound model
c. A given sound track
d. A given sound pattern Câu trả lời đúng

Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, the …………………… of language.


Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Calculation
b. Research
c. Science Câu trả lời đúng
d. Technology
A metaphor is a figure of speech that refers to something as being the same as

another thing for rhetorical effect. It may
provide ................................... ................hidden similarities between two ideas.
Where a compares two items, a metaphor directly equates them, and does not
use "like" or "as" as does a simile.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a.Clarity or identification
b.Clarifying or identify
c.Clarity or identifying
d.Clarity or identify Câu trả lời đúng

Lexicology also ……………………….. all kinds of semantic relations
(synonyms, antonyms etc) and semantic grouping (semantic fields)
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Learns
b. Does
c. Studies Câu trả lời đúng
d. Deal
It may be easily ……………that the lexical meaning of the word “ boy ” and
the lexical meaning of the root-morpheme boy — in such words as boyhood,
boyish and others are very much the same
Chọn một câu trả lời:


a. Observing
b. Observation
c. Observed Câu trả lời đúng
d. Observe
Roots-are main morphemic vehicles of a given idea in a given language at a
given stage of its development. A root may be also regarded as the ultimate
constituent element which remains ………………………………….. all

functional and derivational affixes and does not admit any further analysis
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. After the removal for
b. After the removal of Câu trả lời đúng
c. After the move of
d. After the removing of
Denotation expresses a notion. Denotation is objective, it reflects objective
reality through notions. The other part of meaning may
express ......................... ............of the speaker to the object of speech, or it may
characterize the role of the speaker in the process of communication.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a.A personal attitude Câu trả lời đúng
b.A person attitude
c.A personifying attitude
d.A personification attitude
General Lexicology is part of General Linguistics; it is concerned with the study
of vocabulary ……………………… the specific features of any particular
language
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Irrespective with


b. Irrespective for
c. Irrespective from
d. Irrespective of Câu trả lời đúng
Lexicology is a branch of linguistics which studies the
……………………………. of a language
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Parts of speech
b. Vocabulary Câu trả lời đúng

c. Semantics
d. Grammar
The term morpheme is derived from Gr morphe ‘form’+ eme. Linguists to
……..or the minimum distinctive feature have adopted the Greek suffix – eme.
(Cf. phoneme, sememe). The morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit of form
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Denoting the smallest unit
b. Denotative the smallest unit
c. Denote the smallest unit Câu trả lời đúng
d. Denotation the smallest unit

Many English words consist of a single root-morpheme, so when we say that
most morphemes possess …………………………………………… we imply
mainly the root-morphemes in such words
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Lexical meaning . Câu trả lời đúng
b. Lexical meanness
c. Lexical means


d. Lexical meaningful
A word is a minimum free form. A morpheme is said to be either bound or free.
This statement should be taken with caution. It means that ………………
forming words without adding other morphemes: that is, they are homonymous
to free forms
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Some morphemes are capable of Câu trả lời đúng
b. Some morphemes are capable for
c. Some morphemes are capable for
d. Some morphemes are capable about

According to the role they play in constructing words, morphemes are
subdivided into roots and affixes. …………………into prefixes, suffixes and
infixes
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. The last are further subdivided, according to their position
b. The latest are further subdivided, according to their position
c. The later are further subdivided, according to their position
d. The latter are further subdivided, according to their position Câu trả lời
đúng
Historical or diachronic lexicology deals with ……………………………. of
the vocabulary and the changes it has undergone. Ex. In descriptive lexicology
the words « to take « ,«to adopt « are considered to be English not to be
different from such native words as « child »,» foot «,» stone « etc. But in
historical lexicology they are treated as borrowed words.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. The developed
b. Develop


c. Developing
d. The development Câu trả lời đúng
A form is said to be free if it may stand alone without changing its meaning; if
not, it is a bound form, so called because …………………………
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. It is always bound to something else. Câu trả lời đúng
b. It is always bound by something else.
c. It is always bound for something else.
d. It is always bound with something else.

It will at once be noticed that the root in English is very often homonymous
with the word. This fact is of fundamental importance as
……………………..arising from its general grammatical system on the one
hand, and from its phonemic system on the other
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. It is one of the most specifiable features of the English language.
b. It is one of the most specific features of the English language Câu trả lời
đúng
c. It is one of the most specification features of the English language
d. It is one of the most specified features of the English language
Lexicology is …………………. with words, variable word-groups,
phraseological units, and with morphemes which make up words
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Relation
b. Dealt
c. Concerned Câu trả lời đúng


d. Getting on
Nowadays there is no ............... of the meaning, or rather a definition all the
basic features of meaning and being simultaneously time operational
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a.Universal accepted definition
b.Universe accepted definition
c.Universally accepting definition
d.Universally accepted definition Câu trả lời đúng
Descripitive lexicology studies the words at a synchronic aspect. It is concerned
with the vocabulary of a language as they exist at the ……………time
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Presented

b. Presentation
c. Present Câu trả lời đúng
d. Presenting

An infix is ………………………….placed with in the word, like – n – in stand.
The type is not productive
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. An affixation
b. An affix Câu trả lời đúng
c. An affixational
d. A affix
An English word does not necessarily contain formatives indicating to what part
of speech it belongs. This holds true ………………i.e. nouns, verbs, adjectives.


Not all roots are free forms, but productive roots, i.e. roots capable of producing
new words, usually are
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Even with respect to inflexible parts of speech, Câu trả lời đúng
b. Even with respect about inflexible parts of speech,
c. Even with respect for inflexible parts of speech,
d. Even with respect of inflexible parts of speech,
A specific group of rhyme-motivated compounds are ablaut motivated
compounds. Ablaut is a term defining …………………..of two elements, e.g.
zigzag; or tick-tock. Ablaut-motivated compounds are used to imitate child-like
speech or to stress interjections
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Vowel changed or alternation
b. Vowel change or alternating
c. Vowel changing or alternation

d. Vowel change or alternation Câu trả lời đúng
Clippings, blendings and acronyms are subclasses of so called “portmanteau
words” ………………..fragments of two or more words
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Which consist in
b.Which consist with
c. Which consist on
d. Which consist of Câu trả lời đúng
…………..may form noun plurals (the Germans); genitive case (headmaster’s);
3rd person singular (speaks); past tense (worked); contracted forms (we´re);
comparatives and superlatives (bigger; the biggest) or participles (speaking).
Chọn một câu trả lời:


a. Inflective suffixes
b. Inflectionally suffixes
c. Inflectional suffixes Câu trả lời đúng
d. Inflection suffixes
A prefix is a derivational morpheme standing before the root and……….., cf. to
hearten – to dishearten. It is only with verbs and statives that a prefix may serve
to distinguish one part of speech from another, like in earth n–unearth v, sleep n
– asleep
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Modifying meaning Câu trả lời đúng
b. Modifier meaning
c. Modificative meaning
d. Modification meaning
Clipping is ……………………………….in English language which
“economises” words. Clipping “clips”, i.e. shortens lexemes whilst preserves
the original meaning. Basically, any part of the word may be clipped:

Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. A relative new trend
b. A relation new trend
c. A related new trend
d. A relatively new trend Câu trả lời đúng
Rhyme-motivated compounds are usually composed of two elements. The
major motivating factor is the rhyme, e.g. flower-power; or brain-drain.
Formation of …………………………compounds is a very productive process
excessively used in advertising or journalese style and, consequently in
everyday speech.
Chọn một câu trả lời:


a. Rhyme-motivating
b. Rhyme-motivate
c. Rhyme-motivated Câu trả lời đúng
d. Rhyme-motivation
Blending is also a new, trendy and ……………………..which “blends”, i.e.
joins fragments of two or more words to create a new form. The meaning is
being retained. Enough of the lexeme is usually retained so that the elements are
recognisable.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Eye-caught process
b. Eye-catched process
c. Eye-catch process
d. Eye-catching process Câu trả lời đúng
…………………., some prefixes express the difference between a transitive
and an intransitive verb: stay v and outstay (smb) v t. With a few exceptions
prefixes modify the stem for time (pre-t post-), place (in-, ad-), negation (un-,
dis-) and remain semantically rather independent of the stem

Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Preceding a verb stem Câu trả lời đúng
b. Precedence a verb stem
c. Precede a verb stem
d. To precede a verb stem
………………….. related to parts of human body, clothing or instruments
people use. However, the meaning of the converted words may vary from the
meaning of the non-converted words. For example, a skirt denotes a woman’s
garment that hangs from the waist
Chọn một câu trả lời:


a. Conversion employing a vast number of words
b. Conversion employ a vast number of words
c. Conversion is employed a vast number of words
d. Conversion employs a vast number of words Câu trả lời đúng
Derivational suffixes ……………….of the original word: they may change the
word class, specify the word or generalise it. Most scholars recognise suffixes
forming nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Effective modify the meaning
b. Effectively modify the meaning Câu trả lời đúng
c. Effection modify the meaning
d. Effectiveness modify the meaning
Unlike roots, affixes are always bound forms……………………………, it will
be remembered, is not confined to their respective position, suffixes being
«fixed after» and prefixes «fixed before» the stem. It also concerns their
function and meaning
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. The difference between suffixation and prefixes

b. The difference between suffixes and prefixation
c. The difference between suffixals and prefixes
d. The difference between suffixes and prefixes Câu trả lời đúng

The semantic realization of an English word is therefore very specific.
………………………………by the widespread occurrence of homonymy both
among root morphemes and affixes
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Its dependence onto distribution is further enhanced


b. Its dependence on distribution is further enhanced Câu trả lời đúng
c. Its dependence for distribution is further enhanced
d. Its dependence upon distribution is further enhanced

If we realize that suffixes render the most general semantic component of the
word’s lexical meaning…………, the reason why suffixes are as a rule
semantically fused with the stem stands explained
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. By mark the general class of phenomena to which the referent of the word
belongs
b. By marked the general class of phenomena to which the referent of the word
belongs
c. By marking the general class of phenomena to which the referent of the
word belongs Câu trả lời đúng
d. By marker the general class of phenomena to which the referent of the word
belongs
A suffix is a ………………….following the stem and forming a new derivative
in a different part of speech or a different word class, cf. – en, – y, – less in
hearten, hearty, heartless

Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Derivative morpheme
b. Derived morpheme
c. Derivation morpheme
d. Derivational morpheme Câu trả lời đúng.
Lexical meaning is not indivisible, it ............................. ......................in three
components: denotational, connotational, and pragmatic.
Chọn một câu trả lời:


a.may be analysis
b.may be analyzed Câu trả lời đúng
c.may be analytic
d.may be analytical

The basic principle of .....................is that words do not exist in isolation. The
meanings of words are defined through the sense relations they have with other
words
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a.A structural semantic approach
b.A structural semantics approach
c.A structural semasiological approach Câu trả lời không đúng
d.A structural semasiology approach
The subjective part of meaning is the connotation of the
word. ........................... .................. are subjective, they characterize the speaker,
his attitude, his social role.
There are four types of connotation:
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a.Connotations Câu trả lời đúng
b.Connotative

c.Connotatively
d.Connotate
Phraseology is the study of set expressions called phraseological units. These
"set expressions are ..........................................................idiomatic and
reproduced in speech as ready- made units.


Chọn một câu trả lời:
a.Completely or partially Câu trả lời đúng
b.Completely or partial
c.Completeness or partially
d.Complete or partially

Lexicology is …………derivational affixes, the other group being the domain
of grammarians. The derivational affixes in fact, as well as the whole problem
of word-formation, form a boundary area between lexicology and grammar and
are therefore studied in both
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Primarily concerned by
b. Primarily concerned to
c. Primarily concerned of
d. Primarily concerned with Câu trả lời đúng
…………….lexicography focuses on the design, compilation, use and
evaluation of specialized dictionaries, i.e. dictionaries that are devoted to a
(relatively restricted) set of linguistic and factual elements of one or more
specialist subject fields, e.g. .
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Specialization
b. Special
c. Specialized Câu trả lời đúng

d. Specializing
In an encyclopaedia the entry influenza discloses the causes, symptoms,
characteristics and varieties of this disease, various treatments of and remedies


for it, ways of infection, etc. Though, ……………, it is with linguistic
dictionaries that lexicology is closely connected and in our further consideration
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Strictly speak
b.Strictly speaking Câu trả lời đúng
c. Strict speaking
d. Strict speak
Because this phrase is a kind of adverb. to be true, it is the disjunct.
…………………….exist in language and are reproduced in speech as readymade units, whereas free word groups or combinations are created in speech
every time we need them.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Set phrases
b. Set expressions Câu trả lời đúng
c. Set sayings
d. Set terms
Phraseological fusions are word-groups with a completely changed meaning
but, in contrast to the unities, they are demotivated, that is, their meaning cannot
be …….the meanings of the constituent parts; the metaphor, on which the shift
of m.eaning was based, has lost its clarity and is obscure.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Deduced with
b. Deduced by
c. Deduced from Câu trả lời đúng
d. Deduced away
Dictionaries of alphabetic languages list words in alphabetical order. With nonalphabetic languages, it may be different. The order in a dictionary with

ideographic entries such as Chinese character is often troublesome and
……………….because each character has different readings.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Controversy
b. Controversiality
c. Controversial Câu trả lời đúng
d. Controversialy
Phraseological unities are word-groups with a completely changed meaning,
that is, the meaning of the unit does not correspond to the meanings of its
constituent parts. They are ………………or, putting it another way, the
meaning of the whole unit can be deduced from the meanings of the constituent
parts.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Motivated units Câu trả lời đúng
b. Motivation units
c. Motivating units
d. Motivative units
General lexicography ………., use and evaluation of general dictionaries, i.e.
dictionaries that provide a description of the language in general use. Such a
dictionary is usually called a general dictionary or LGP dictionary (Language
for General Purpose).
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Focuses at the design, compilation
b. Focuses about the design, compilation
c. Focuses onto the design, compilation
d. Focuses on the design, compilation Câu trả lời đúng

Lexicography, the science, of dictionary-compiling, is closely connected with
lexicology, both dealing with the same problems — the form, meaning, usage
and origin of vocabulary units — and making ………………….of each other’s
achievements.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a.Usefulness
b. Useful
c. Use Câu trả lời đúng
d. Useless
Criteria of synonymity is interchangeability. ………….that neither the
traditional definition of synonyms nor the new version provide for any objective
criterion of similarity of meaning.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. It should be pointed with
b. It should be pointed out Câu trả lời đúng
c. It should be pointed about
d. It should be pointed at
The .................................. .................go, goes, went, going, gone possess
different grammatical meanings of tense, person, number, but in each form they
have one and the same semantic component denoting 'the process of movement'.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a.word-forms Câu trả lời đúng
b.word-formations
c.word-formings
d.word-formating


Metaphor : a figure of speech based on similarity (hidden comparison between
the object/ notion ………………….denoted by the word and the object/notion
in question.).

Metaphor gives freshness and vivacity to speech.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Generally Câu trả lời đúng
b. General
c. Generalized
d. Generalizing
It is easily observed that the sound form of the word is not ……………….There
is no inherent connection between the sound cluster [d/\v] and the meaning of
the word dove
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Identication with its meaning
b. Identity with its meaning
c. Identical with its meaning Câu trả lời đúng
d. Identified with its meaning
……………….distinguishes between the three closely connected components
with meaning, that is 1) the sound-form of the linguistic sign, 2) the concept
underlying this sound form and 3) the referent, i.e. the part or aspect of reality to
which the linguistic sign refers
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Referential Approach Câu trả lời đúng
b. Referred Approach
c. Referent Approach
d. Referring Approach


The modern approach to ……………. the assumption that the inner form of the
word presents a structure which is called the semantic structure of the word
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. Semasiology is based at
b. Semasiology is based on Câu trả lời đúng

c. Semasiology is based onto
d. Semasiology is based with
The ……………is the meaning proper to the given linguistic unit in all its
forms and distributions.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. lexically meaning
b. lexical meaning Câu trả lời đúng
c. lexicology meaning
d. lexicological meaning
Motivation denotes the relationship between ………..and structural pattern of
the word on the one hand, and its meaning on the other. Motivation can be of
three types: morphological, phonetical and sematic.
Chọn một câu trả lời:
a. The phonetic or morphemic composition
b. The phonemic or morphemic composition Câu trả lời đúng
c. The phonemic or morpheme composition
d. The phoneme or morphemic composition
One part of meaning expressing a notion is called
denotation. ........................................................establishes correlation between
the name and the object, process or characteristic feature of concrete reality (or
thought) which is denoted by the given word.
Chọn một câu trả lời:


a.Denoting meaning
b.Denotational meaning Câu trả lời đúng
c.Denotative meaning
d.Denotation meaning