wonder Luu Ngoc Thanh

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- The only surviving wonder of

- The only surviving wonder of

the ancient world, the

the ancient world, the

Pyramids of Egypt (Giza),

Pyramids of Egypt (Giza),

were the phenomenal

were the phenomenal

achievement of Egyptian

achievement of Egyptian

construction and

construction and

engineering. Built between

engineering. Built between

2600 and 2500 B.C., the

2600 and 2500 B.C., the

three pyramids at Giza

three pyramids at Giza

encompass more than 5

encompass more than 5

million limestone blocks

million limestone blocks

which were painstakingly

which were painstakingly

transported via timber sleds

transported via timber sleds

and by being rolled over the

and by being rolled over the

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- As cranes were as yet unheard of, each block had to be

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- <b>A magnificent garden paradise </b>
<b>said to have been built in 7th </b>

<b>century B.C. in the middle of the </b>
<b>arid Mesopotamian desert, the </b>

<b>Hanging Gardens of Babylon were </b>
<b>testimony to one man's ability to, </b>
<b>against all the laws of nature, </b>

<b>create a botanical oasis of beauty </b>
<b>amid a bleak desert landscape. </b>

<b>King Nebuchadnezzar created the </b>
<b>gardens as a sign of esteem for </b>
<b>his wife Semiramis, who, legend </b>
<b>has it, longed for the forests and </b>
<b>roses of her homeland. The </b>

<b>gardens were terraced and </b>

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<b>- There remains </b>

<b>- There remains </b>

<b>doubt, however, </b>

<b>doubt, however, </b>

<b>amongst historians </b>

<b>amongst historians </b>

<b>and archaeologists </b>

<b>and archaeologists </b>

<b>as to whether this </b>

<b>as to whether this </b>

<b>lost paradise ever </b>

<b>lost paradise ever </b>

<b>existed, given that </b>

<b>existed, given that </b>

<b>excavations at </b>

<b>excavations at </b>

<b>Babylon have left no </b>

<b>Babylon have left no </b>

<b>definitive trace of </b>

<b>definitive trace of </b>

<b>this mythical oasis.</b>

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Tượng thần Zeus

Tượng thần Zeus

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Thần Zeus

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<b> - This gold and bejeweled statue was commissioned in </b>
<b>438 B.C. by the Council of Olympia in reverence for </b>
<b>Zeus, the ruler and most powerful of the Olympian </b>
<b>gods. The great statue was the work of the Athenian </b>
<b>sculptor Phidias and was constructed inside the </b>

<b>Parthenon, the great temple overlooking the city. </b>
<b>According to Philo of Byzantium, this was the most </b>

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The greatest temple of the
ancient world, the Temple of
Artemis once stood as the

most magnificent

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- The Temple of Artemis is located in Ephesus (in
- The Temple of Artemis is located in Ephesus (in

modern day Turkey), which was to become the
modern day Turkey), which was to become the

richest seaport in Asia Minor. It once consisted of
richest seaport in Asia Minor. It once consisted of
127 marble columns each standing 20 meters (60
127 marble columns each standing 20 meters (60

feet) tall. First built in the 6th century B.C., the
feet) tall. First built in the 6th century B.C., the

temple was destroyed by fire 200 years later and
temple was destroyed by fire 200 years later and

then rebuilt under the supervision of Alexander
then rebuilt under the supervision of Alexander

the Great.
the Great.

-The great temple was eventually yielded to
-The great temple was eventually yielded to

successively by invading Gothic hordes,
successively by invading Gothic hordes,

earthquakes, and plunderers. Today, only a
earthquakes, and plunderers. Today, only a

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Built between 370 and 351 B.C., this
Built between 370 and 351 B.C., this

monumental tomb was dedicated to
monumental tomb was dedicated to

King Mausolus of Caria by his
King Mausolus of Caria by his

grieving wife, Queen Artemisia, as a
grieving wife, Queen Artemisia, as a

memorial to their great love.
memorial to their great love.

According to Plinius the Mausoleum
According to Plinius the Mausoleum
once stood 50 meters (40 feet) high
once stood 50 meters (40 feet) high
and was surrounded by 36 columns,
and was surrounded by 36 columns,

standing atop a marble pedestal at
standing atop a marble pedestal at

the intersection of the two main
the intersection of the two main
streets of Halicarnassus s. The
streets of Halicarnassus s. The

Mausoleum stood relatively intact
Mausoleum stood relatively intact

until 1522 A.D., when it was ordered
until 1522 A.D., when it was ordered

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- A gigantic bronze statue that once stood 32
meters (110 feet) high on a marble plinth, the
Colossus of Rhodes was built by its citizens to
revere the Sun God Helios who supposedly

helped Rhodes to ward off Demetrius of

Macedonia. Constructed by the engineer Chares
of Lindos, the Colossus of Rhodes was

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- Serving to guide ships through the

labyrinth of sandbars that created

havoc for merchants attempting to

reach the port of Alexandria in

Egypt, the Lighthouse or Pharos of

Alexandria was the only ancient

wonder to have served a practical

purpose. Built 299 - 79 B.C. the

lighthouse stood some 500 feet

above the city's western harbour

and was financed by the Greek

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- Polished bronze mirrors were specially

- Polished bronze mirrors were specially

devised to reflect sunlight out to sea during

devised to reflect sunlight out to sea during

daytime, and fires were lit at night to serve as a

daytime, and fires were lit at night to serve as a

beacon for lost ships at night. The tower stood

beacon for lost ships at night. The tower stood

relatively intact until a series of earthquakes

relatively intact until a series of earthquakes

and gradual deterioration from natural elements

and gradual deterioration from natural elements

caused the structure to collapse and eventually

caused the structure to collapse and eventually

be dismantled for its stones.

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