Tổng hợp kiến thức ngữ pháp và bài tập ôn thi HK1 môn Tiếng Anh lớp 10

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TỔNG HỢP KIẾN THỨC NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP ÔN THI HK1 MÔN TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10
A. TENSES AND PASSIVE VOICE

TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE

Hiện tại
đơn

S +V / Vs(es) + O --->
People grow tea in Moc Chau. --->
My mother cleans the house twice a
day.

So+ am/is/ are +Ved /V3 +(BY+ Os)
Tea is grown in Moc Chau.

The house is cleaned twice a day.

Quá khứ
đơn

S +Ved / V2 + O --->
They cleaned that window
yesterday.-->

To Ngoc Van drew those pictures.
--->

So + was/were+Ved /V3 + (BY+ Os)
That window was cleaned yesterday.
Those pictures were drawm by To Ngoc

Van.

Hiện tại
tiếp diễn

S + am/is/ are + Ving + O --->
They are building a new school.
--->

I am opening a letter. --->

So + am/is/ are + being +Ved / 3rd + (BY+
Os)

A new school is being built.
A letter is opening (by me).
Quá khứ

tiếp diễn

S + was/were +Ving + O --->
The secretary was opening the mail at
8p.m yesterday.
--->

So +was/were+ being +Ved /3rd + (BY+
Os)

The mail was being opened at 8p.m

yesterday.
Hiện tại

hoàn
thành

S + have/has +Ved / V3 + O ->
Someone has cleaned the window.
The students haven't done exercises.

So + have/has+been +Ved / V3 + (BY+
Os)

The window has been cleaned.
Exercises haven't been done (by the
students).

Tương lai
đơn

S + will/ shall + V1 + O ->
They will build a new bridge next
month.

So + will/shall + be+ Ved /V3+(BY+ Os)
A new bridge will be built next month.

Tương lai
gần

S +am/is/ are +going to +V1 + O ->
She is going to type the report.

The students are going to hold the
meeting.

So+am/is/are+going to +be + Ved/V3
+(BY+ Os)

The report is going to be typed by her.
The meeting is going to be held by the
students.

have
has

had + to

have/has

S + had + to + V1 + O
used

have/has

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used I have to write a report.
-->

He has to wash the car.

--->

My brother had to do a lot of exercises.
-->

A report has to be written ( by me).
The car has to be washed (by him).

A lot of exercises had to do by my brother.

Động từ
khiếm
khuyết

can/ could

S + may + V1 + O
must

should

You can't wash this desk.
-->

We should clean our classroom every
day.

You must leave your raincoat outside
the room.

They may use this room for the
classroom.

can/ could

So + may + be+ Ved /V3 +

must (BY+ Os)
should

This desk can’,t be washed.

Our classroom should be cleaned every
day.

Your raincoat must be left outside the
room.

This room may be used for the classroom

I/ Put verbs in the correct tense forms.

1. Up to now, the teacher ( give ). . . . . . .. . . . our class 5 tests.
2. Long ago, my younger brother often ( cry ). . . . . . .. . . .

3. David ( be ) . . . . . . .. . . . born after his father ( die ). . . . . . .. . . .
4. When I ( be ) . . . . . . .. . . . a child, I ( want ). . . . . . .. . . . to be a doctor
5. Please be quiet! I ( work ) . . . . . . .. . . .

6. Mary ( come ) . . . . . . .. . . . from London

7. Sometimes I ( get ) . . . . . . .. . . . up before the sun ( rise )………..
8. I’m preparing to support anything he ( say ) . . . . . . .. . . . tomorrow
9. At 4 p.m yesterday? Well, I ( work ) . . . . . . .. . . . in my office at that time
10. The audience ( listen ) . . . . . . .. . . . to everything he said last night

1/ has given 2/ cried 3/ was – had died 4/ was – wanted 5/ am working 6/ comes
7/ get – rises 8/ will say 9/ was working 10/ listened

11. She (ask) . . . . . . .. . . . me to tell about him several times
12. Mr Jackson (paint) . . . . . . .. . his house since last month

13. When I came in, they all (sit) . . . . round the fire. Mr Pike (do) . .. crossword puzzle.

14. Yesterday thieves (break) . . . . . .. into the house and (steal) . . . . . a lot of fur coats while
the guests (dance) . . . . . . .. . . .

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16. How long you (wait) . . . . . . .. . . . for me? – Just a few minutes.

17. What you (do) . . . . . . .. . . . after you (go) . . . . . . .. . . . home yesterday?
18. He often (say) . . . . . . .. . . . OK when he (talk) . . . . . . .. . . . with the guests
19. Tom (not come) . . . . . . .. . . . here tomorrow

20. Trees (plant) . . . . . . .. . . . since it (stop) . . . . . . .. . . . raining
11/ has asked 12/ has painted 13/ were sitting – was doing

14/ broke – stole – were dancing 15/ had done 16/ have you waited
17/ did you do – had gone 18/ says – is talking

19/ won’t come 20/ have been planted - stopped

21. Listen! The bird (sing) . . . . . . .. . . .

22. The house (build) . . . . . . .. . . .2 years ago

23. Someone (cut) . . . . . . .. . . . down all the trees in the garden
24. Mr Pike (live) . . . . . . .. . . . here since last October

25. John (watch) . . . . . . .. . . . TV at 8 last evening
26. Some animals (not eat) . . . . . . .. . . . during winter

27. Why didn’t you listen while I (speak) . . . . . . .. . . . to you?
28. Be quiet! The teacher (be) . . . . . . .. . . . angry

29. Hurry up! The train (come). . . . . . .. . . .

30. I (speak) . . . . . . .. . . . to you about that matter after the meeting tonight

21/ is singing 22/ was built 23/ cut 24/ has lived 25/ was watching
26/ don’t eat 27/ was speaking 28/ is 29/ is coming 30/ will speak
31. Where are you? – I’m upstairs. I (have) . . . . . . .. . . . a bath

32. We (not receive ) . . . . . . .. . . . any letters from him since he (leave) . . . . . . .. . . . four
months ago

33. How long you (study) . . . . . . .. . . . in this school?

34. Dick (start) . . . . . . .. . . . school before he (be) . . . . . . .. . . . seven
35. He’ll leave as soon as he (hear) . . . . . . .. . . . the news

36. It (rain) . . . . . . .. . . . when we arrived

37. We ( not see ) . . . . . . .. . . . them for a long time
38. He felt asleep while he (do) . . . . . . .. . . . his homework

39. When your father (die). . . . . . .. . . . ? I (not know) . . . . . . .. . . . when he (die) ………
40. Up to then I never (see) . . . . . . .. . . . such a fat man.

31/ am having 32/ haven’t received – left 33/ have you studied 34/ had started – was

35/ hears 36/ was raining 37/ haven’t seen 38/ was doing

39/ did your father die – don’t know - died 40/ have seen
B. TURN INTO PASSIVE VOICE:

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2. Some people will interview the new president on T.V
3. I am going to repair those shoes?

4. He has broken the nose in the football match.
5. Have you finished the above sentences?
6. He lends his friend his new shoes.
7. She left her relatives five million pounds.

8. The shop assistant handed these boxes to the customer
9. The board awarded the first prize to the reporter.

10. Have you sent the Christmas cards yet?

11. The committee appointed Alice secretary for the meeting.
12. He hides the broken cup in the drawer.

13. They keep this room tidy all the time.
14. They all voted the party a great success.

15. We gave Ann some bananas and some flowers.
16. They moved the fridge into the living room

17. She brought some cups of tea to the visitors in the next room.
18. My mother waters this flower every morning.

19. John invited Fiona to his birthday party last night.
20. Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen.
21. We should clean our teeth twice a day.

22. Our teachers have explained the English grammar.
23. Some drunk drivers caused the accident in this city.
24. Tom will visit his parents next month.

25. The manager didn’t phone the secretary this morning.
26. Did Mary buy this beautiful dress?

27. My sister cleans the room everyday.

28. The local sports center hold several volleyball tournaments in this season.
29. Someone attacked the boy the boy in the street last night.

30. The workers have finished the project people grow rice in Viet Nam.
C. DIRECT – INDIRECT SPEECH

1. Lối nói trực tiếp và gián tiếp (direct/ indirect speech)

 Trong câu trực tiếp thông tin đi thẳng từ người thứ nhất sang người thứ hai (người thứ
nhất nói trực tiếp với người thứ hai). Trong lời nói trực tiếp chúng ta ghi lại chính xác
những từ, ngữ mà người nói dùng. Lới nói trực tiếp phải được đặt trong dấu ngoặc kép.
He said “I bought a new motorbike for myself yesterday”.

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 Trong câu gián tiếp, thông tin đi từ người thứ nhất qua người thứ hai đến người thứ ba.
Khi đó câu có biến đổi về mặt ngữ pháp.

He said he had bought a new motorbike for himself the day before.
2. Quy tắc chuyển từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp

2.1. Quy tắc chuyển từ lối nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp: lùi một thời

Simple present –> simple past Present progressive –> past progressive
Present perfect –> past perfect Simple past –> past perfect

Past progressive –> past perfect progressive Simple future –> would + V
Can/may/must –> could /might/had to

2.2. Các chuyển đổi khác:
– Đại từ nhân xưng:

I –> he/she We –> they You –> I/ we

(tân ngữ và tính từ sở hữu chuyển theo nhân xưng chủ ngữ)
– Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn:

Here –> there
This –> that
These –> those

– Trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian:
Today –> that day

Tomorrow –> the next day/ the following day
Yesterday –> the day before/ the previous day
Last week –> the week before/ the previous week
The day after tomorrow –> in 2 days’ time

The day before yesterday –> two days before.
Now –> then

Ago –> before

2.3. Các trường hợp không đổi thời
– Sự thật, sự việc luôn luôn đúng:

“The earth moves round the sun” he said.
–> He said that the earth moves round the sun.

I/ Turn into reported speech: Statements:

1. “I have nothing to show you,” I said to her.

2. “Nothing grows in my garden. It never gets any sun,” She said
3. Jack Lumber said, “Olga Ivanov won the gold medal yesterday.”

4. Johnny’s mother said, “The English Government put him in prison the day before
yesterday.”

5. Father said, “I am coming back next week.”

6. Jennifer said,” We are having champagne tonight.”
7. ‘’I’m going away tomorrow mother,” he said.

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9. “It isn’t so foggy today as it was yesterday,” I remarked.

10. “The new underpass is being officially opened the day after tomorrow,” said the BBC
announcer.

11. “We must move to our new flat. We don’t like it nearly so much as our last one.” Said my
aunt

12. “We have a lift but very often it doesn’t work,” they said.

13. “From one of the windows of my flat I can see the Eiffel Tower,” he said.

14. “I have no idea what the time is but I’ll dial 8081 and find out,” said his daughter.
15. He said, “My wife has just been made a judge.”

16. “I’ll come with you as soon as I’m ready,” she replied

17. “I have a German lesson this afternoon and haven’t done my homework yet,” said the
small boy.

18. “If you let the iron too hot you will scorch your clothes,” I warned her.

19. “You haven’t given me quite enough. The bill is for $ 14 and you’ve paid me only $ 13,”
he pointed out.

20. Anna said “Englishmen make good husband because they are nearly always willing to
help in the house.”

II/ Turn into reported speech: Wh-Questions

1. “What happened to Mr Budd?” said one of the men.
2. “Which of his son inherited his estate?’’ asked another.
3. “Who is going to live in the big house?” enquired a third.
4. “ What will happen to his racehorses?” asked someone else.
5. “Which team has won?” asked Ann.

6. “ Which team won the previous match?” said Bill.
7. “Who is playing next week?” he asked.

8. “Where is the ticket office?” asked Mr Jones.

9. “What platform does the train leave from? “ asked Bill.

10. “When does it arrive in NewYork?” he asked.

IV/ Turn into reported speech: Commands , requests, advice
1. He said to the boy,” Get out of my way.”

2. “ Climb in through the window,” he ordered.
3. “ Please pay at the desk,” said the assistant.

4. The store detective said to Mary,” Open your bag, please.”
5. “ Don’t worry about anything, MrsPitt,” said her.

6. “ Don’t use bent coin in the slot machine,” I warned him.

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10. “ Take me up to the 33rd_{floor,” he said to the lift man.}

IV/ Turn into reported speech: Commands , requests, advice,invitation.

1. “ Would you like to have lunch with me on Sunday?” he said to me.
2. “ Would you like a cigarette?” One of the guests said to me.

3. “ If I were you I’d try to get a room on the top floor” He said to his friend.
4. “ Will you help, please?’’ The mother said to her son.

5. “ Take the letter to the post, will you.? And shut the door as you go
out,” said the boss to his secretary.

1/ He invited me to have lunch with him on Sunday.
2/ One of the guests invited me a cigarette.

3/ He advised his friend to try to get a room on the top floor.
4/ The mother asked her son to help her.

5/ The boss told his secretary to take the letter to the post and to shut the door as she went out.
D. RELATIVE CLAUSES

When : trạng từ quan hệ đứng sau từ chỉ thời gian :

Ex. I’ll never forget the day when I met her. (note: Sau when / where phải có S + V
…)

Where : Đứng sau từ chỉ nơi chốn : Dalat is the place where I like to come.
WHICH: Thay thế cho N chỉ vật

Eg: I have got a computer programme which does the job for me.
We don't like the stories which have unhappy endings.

I liked the dress which she was wearing.
WHO: Thay thế cho N chỉ người

Eg: I don't know all the guests who were in the party.
WHOM: Thay cho N chỉ người, sau là một chủ ngữ
Eg: The doctor whom she visited is famous.

THAT: -

Eg: These are the books that I use in class.

She is the swimmer that has won the gold medal.

- That được dùng sau danh từ có tính từ so sánh nhất (the best, the most…, everybody,
anybody, nobody, somebody, everything, something …)

Ex. He’s the best teacher that I have ever known.

I can see a girl and her dog that are running in the park.
- Dùng trong cấu trúc câu nhấn mạnh.

It is / was + S + that + V

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+ Kh«ng dïng THAT sau giíi tõ.

WHOSE: Thay thế cho tính từ sở hữu và sở hữu cách cña ng-êi.

Eg: We saw some people whose car was stolen.

WHERE = IN WHICH/ AT WHICH: Thay thÕ cho danh tõ chØ n¬i chèn
Eg: The house where he lives is very old.

* Vị trí của which, who, whom, whose, where trong mệnh đề tính từ:

Chúng ta có thể nhận biết các từ which, who, whom, whose, where khi chúng có thể điền vào
chỗ trống trong mệnh đề tính từ. Ta chỉ cần để ý đến từ trước và sau chỗ trống nếu:

- Trước chỗ trống là danh từ chỉ vật thì từ cần điền có thể là which hc where.
(note: Sau where phải có S + V …)

Để xác định được vị trí của từ cần điền là which hoặc where ta cần phải đọc và hiểu được ý
của cả câu. Nếu danh từ chỉ vật đứng trước chỗ trống diễn tả nơi chốn thì chọn where.

- Trước chỗ trống là danh từ chỉ người thì từ cần điền có thể là who, whom hoặc whose

Để xác định được vị trí của từ cần điền là who, whom hoặc whose ta chỉ cần lưu ý từ đứng sau
chỗ trống. Nếu:

+ Từ đứng sau chỗ trống là động từ đã chia thì chọn who. ( who + V + O …)

+ Từ đứng sau chỗ trống là đại từ nh©n x-ng chđ ng÷ ta chän whom.(whom+S+V+O..)
+ Từ đứng sau chỗ trống là danh từ thuộc quyền sở hữu của từ đứng trước chỗ trống ta
chọn whose. ( whose + N + …)

- Ta không thể chọn THAT nếu trước chỗ trống có dấu phẩy (,) hoặc giới từ
EXERCISES

1. A woman answered the phone. She told me you was busy.
2. The bus is always crowded. I take it to school every morning.
3. They are singing a song. I don’t know the song.

4. A man spoke to me. He was very helpful.

5. A midwife is a woman. She assists other women in childbirth.
6. They are the children. Their team won the match.

7. The house is for sale. It has the green shutters.

8. My farther bought a motor bike. The motorbike costs 2 thousand dollars
9. They are the postcards. I sent them from Australia.

10. The house has been built in the forest. It doesn’t have electricity
11. The girl chatted with him yesterday. She arrived here at 6:30
1/ A woman who answered the phone told me you was busy.
2/ The bus which I take to school every morning is always crowded.
3/ They are singing the song which I don’t know.

4/ A man who spoke to me was very helpful.

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6. 6/ They are the children whose team won the match.
7. The house which has the green shutters is for sale.

8. My farther bought a motor bike which costs 2 thousand dollars
9. They are the postcards which I sent from Australia.

10. The house which has been built in the forest doesn’t have electricity
11. The girl who chatted with him yesterday arrived here at 6:30

Fill relative clauses in the blank

1. Let me see all the letters _______ you have written.
2. Is there any one ________ can help me do this?

3. Mr. Brown, _________ is only 34, is the director of this company.
4. I know a place __________ roses grow in abundance.

5. It was the nurse ________ told me to come in.

6. The teacher with ________, we studied last year no longer teaches in our school.

7. They showed me the hospital ________ buildings had been destroyed by US bombings.
8. We saw many soldiers and tanks ______ were moving to the front.

9. Dr. Fleming, _______ discovered penicillin, was awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1945.
10. He joined the political party _______ was in power.

11. Love, ________ is a wonderful feeling, comes to everyone at some time in his life.
12. Freedom is something for _______ millions have given their lives.

13. It is easy to find faults in people ________ we dislike.

14. The really happy people are those _______ enjoy their daily work.

15. We must find a time _______ we can meet and a place _______ we can talk.

1/ which 2/ that 3/ who4/ where 5/ who 6/ whom 7/ whose 8/ that
9/ who 10/ which 11/ which 12/ which 13/ whom 14/ who 15/ when - where

E- ĐỘNG TỪ + TO + V-INF; ĐỘNG TỪ + V-ING
I/Give the correct form of verbs in brackets.

1. The teacher permits us (go) ………out in a minute.
2. You should avoid (meet)…………..him.

3. Do you remember (leave)………your hat anywhere?
4. Tell him come)………to see me at once.

5. He’s tired. He stops (work)………for a while.
6. He allows (ask)………him questions.

7. He advises us (be)………..more studious.
8. I remember (write)………to you soon.

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11. I hope (not do)…………..that tiring work again.

12. They postponed (build)……….an elementary school for lack of finance.
13. It’s no use (advise)……..him. He never allows anybody (give)………advice.
14. Are his ideas worth (listen)………….to?

15. He always avoids (meet)………..me in the streets,

16. My parents decided (take)………..a taxi because it was late,
17. Do you agree (lend)………me some money?

18. Tom refused (give)……….me his adress.

19. The passenger asked her how (get)………to the station.

20. My friends arranged (get)…………..to the airport in time.

1/ to go 2/ meeting 3/ leaving 4/ to come 5/ working 6/ asking 7/ to be
8/ to write 9/ considering 10/ to discuss 11/ not to do 12/ building
13/ advising 14/ listening 15/ meeting 16/ to take 17/ to lend
18/ to give 19/ to get 20/ to get

THE FIRST TERM EXAMINATION
ENGLISH 10

Time: 60 minutes
I. MULTIPLE CHOICE

Pronunciation

1. A. box B. told C. boss D. job

2. A. determination B. required C. enclose D. demonstration
Stress

3. A. important B. amazing C. passenger D. expensive
4. A. allow B. harrow C. tidy D. fasten
5. A. entertainment B. awareness C. individual D. contribution
Grammar – Vocabulary - Structure

6. Our lifestyle --- since running water came to our village.

A. change B. changed C. has changed D. is changed
7. If we raise and resurface the roads, they --- muddy and flooded.

A. aren’t B. weren’t C. will be D. won’t be
8. Last night I couldn’t concentrate on my work --- the loud noise outside.

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9. There was a water --- during the summer in this city.

A. shortage B. lack C. store D. deficiency
10. I ---Lan, my best friend, --- more than ten years.

A. have known – since C. have known – for

B. knew – since D. knew – for

11. There are five new programs on this ---.

A. film B. channel C. cartoon D. comedy
12. He passed the exam, --- seemed a surprise to everyone in our class.

A. when B. which C. it D. who

13. They tried to find a way of bettering their lives.

A. achieving B. changing C. improving D. moving
14. --- did the train leave? Five minutes ago.

A. How much time B. How long C. How often D. When
15. The physical part of the computer system is the ---

A. hardware B. software C. keyboard D. floppy disk
16. Look at the black clouds. It --- soon.

A. will rain B. rains C. is going to rain D. is raining

17. When she was a child, she often --- the summer evenings in the garden.
A. enjoys B. enjoyed C. enjoy D. was enjoying
18. Jackson asked the waiter --- him some more mineral water.

A. bring B. brought C. brings D. to bring
19. My brother stopped to smoke because it is very harmful to his health.

A B C D
20. It took me two days getting to my home village last week.

A B C D

21. My grandmother hid her money under the floor and then she forgot where she hid it.
A B C D had
hidden

22. After the police had tried unsuccessfully to determine to which the car belonged,
A B C whom

they towed it into the station.
D

23. By the time we arrived, they --- their performance.

A. had finished B. have finished C. were finishing D. finished
24. A: “Have a nice day”.

B: – “Thank you, ---“

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25. “I have passed all my examinations!” - “---“

A. Well done! B. My dear! C. Best wishes! D. That’s very well
26. “What’s your phone number?” – “(99040) ---“

A. double nines zero four zero C. two nines nought four nought

B. nine nine nil four nil D. double nine oh four
oh

27. My wife has her hair --- at the hairdresser’s every other month.

A. doing B. do C. done D. to do

28. In my country, all the --- in the war have been taken care of.
A. injure B. injures C. injuring D. injured
29. It’s better to avoid --- during the rush hour.

A. traveling B. to travel C. travel D. to traveling
30. My alarm often goes --- at 5 a.m

A. on B. off C. up D. by

Read the passage and choose the best options to complete the gaps

The country and the city have advantages and ---(31)---. People in the country live
in more beautiful surroundings. They enjoy ----(32)---and quietness, and can do their work
at their own pace because no one is in a hurry. They live in large, more comfortable houses, and
their neighbors are more friendly, and ready to help them when they need it. Their life, however,

can be ----(33)--- and they may be isolated, which is a serious problem if they are ill or want
to take their children to school.

The city has all the services that the country lacks, but it also has a lot of disadvantages. Cities
are often polluted. They not ---(34)--- have polluted air but also have noisy streets. Everyone
is always in a hurry and this ---(35)--- that people have no time to get to know each other
and make friends.

31. A. joy B. enjoyment C. happiness D. disadvantages
32. A. quiet B. peace C. peaceful D. quietly

33. A. boring B. bore C. bored D. bores

34. A. never B. ever C. hardly D. only

35. A. aims B. asks C. means D. said

Reading

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36. According to the passage, the writer ---
A. has lived in London for ten years

B. usually spends his weekend in London
C. went to London with some of his friends
D. felt bored with his tour

37. He felt so excited about going to London because ---
A. he went there ten years ago

B. he hadn’t been there before

C. he hadn’t been there for ten years
D. he hadn’t been there for a long time
38. Why did they decide to go by coach?

A. Because they wanted to start early

B. Because other means of transport were more expensive
C. Because it was expensive

D. Because they were excited about taking it to London
39. Which of the following is true?

A. They all went shopping before going to the theater
B. They had lunch in a small restaurant.

C. They made a sightseeing tour and then had lunch
D. They left the city at 6.60 p.m

40. Why did they have to catch a taxi?

A. Because they didn’t have enough time to walk to the coach station
B. Because they were too tired to walk.

C. Because the coach station was very far from the restaurant.
D. Because it was raining heavily then

II. WRITING

A. Transformation

41. They have built a new bridge across the river. (Turn into passive form)

...
42. He started working as an engineer 7 years ago. (Rewrite the sentence)

...
43. Despite his intelligence, he doesn’t do well at school. (Although)

...
44. My father began to work in this company 15 years ago. (Make question)

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...
46. When/ he/ student/ used/ write/ home/ twice/ month. (Write complete sentence)
...
41/ A new bridge has been built across the river.

42/ He has worked as an engineer for 7 years.

43/ Although he is intelligent, he doesn’t do well at school.
44/ When did your father begin to work in this company?

45/ She said that she had visited her grandfather the week before.
46/ When he was a student, he used to write home twice a month.
B. Put the verbs in the correct form

47. Don’t forget (wait) --- for me tomorrow.

48. After he had had his breakfast, he (drive) --- to the airport.
49. If you do more work, you (pass) --- your exams.

50. The house looks very tidy. It (just clean) ---.

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