PASSIVE CO BAI TAP LUAN

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<b>ACTIVE – PASSIVE VOICE</b>

<b>I. General formation:( Công thức tổng quát )</b>

<b>II. Cách đổi từ thể chủ độâng sang thể thụ động:</b>

-Bước 1: biến túc từ của câu chủ động thành chủ từ của câu thụ động.

-Bước 2: động từ “ TO BE” được chia cùng thì với động từ chính của câu chủ động và
phải hoà hợp với chủ ngữ mới.

-Bước 3: đổi động từ chính của câu chủ động sang quá khứ phân từ ( Ved/3 ).
-Bước 4: thêm “ by” vào.

-Bước 5: biến chủ từ của câu chủ động thành túc từ của câu thụ động.
EX: - She wrote that letter.

-> That letter was written by her.

* Chú ý: - Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn thường đứng trước “ by”.
- Trạng từ chỉ thời gian thường đứng sau “ by” .

- Những túc từ sau thường được bỏ đi: by people, by them, by someone,by anyone,
by no-one, by everyone, by everybody, . . .

EX: 1. Jane bought a new coat last Sunday. 2. You can’t make tea with cold water.
-> A new coat was bought by Jane last Sunday. -> Tea can’t be made with cold water

<b>III.</b> <b>Cơng thức thể bị động của các thì:</b>

<b>Tên thì</b> <b>Active voice -> Passive voice</b>

1. Simple present

Hiện tại đơn S + Vo/ Vs / Ves + O

S + Am/ Is/ Are + Ved/ 3 + By O
2. Simple past

Quá khứ đơn

S + Ved/2 + O

S + Was/ Were + Ved/ 3 + By O
3. Modals

( will/ shall/ can/ may/
must/ would/ should/
could/ might …)

S + Modal + Vo + O

S + Modal + Be + Ved/ 3 + By O

4. Present continuous

Hiện tại tiếp dieãn S + Am/ Is/ Are + V-ing + O

S + Am/ Is/ Are + Being + Ved/ 3 + By O
5. Past continuous

Quá khứ tiếp diễn

S + Was/ Were + V-ing + O

S + Was/ Were + Being + Ved/ 3 + By O
6.Present perfect

Hiện tại hoàn thành

S + Has/ Have + Ved/ 3 + O

S + Has/ Have + Been + Ved/ 3 + By O
<b>Active: S + V + O</b>

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*Dạng đặc biệt:

* Trường hợp 1 : Khi động từ : say/ know/ think/ believe cùng thì với V

Trường hợp 2 : - Khi động từ : say/ know/ think/ believe ở thì hiện tại nhưng V chia ở thì
quá khứ hoặc thì hiện tại hoàn thành .

- Khi động từ said/ knew/ thought/ believed ở thì quá khứ nhưng V chia ở thì
quá khứ hoàn thành.

Ex1: People say that he beats his wife.
 It is said that he beats his wife.
 He is said that to beat his wife.
Ex2: They thought that he had died in battle.

 It was thought that he had died in battle.

 He was thought to have died in battle.

<b>EXERCISE : Turn into Passive voice:</b>

1. They have used that refrigertor for fifteen years.

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2. People believed that the earth was flat.

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3. The children will find many books on the shelf.

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4. They say that he plays football very well.

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5. The chief engineer is instructing all the workers of the plant.

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6. Someone has taken some of my books away.

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7. The boys broke the window and took away some pictures.

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8. They were cutting grass when the car stopped near the gate.

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9. The children looked at the women with a red hat.

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10. People spend a lot of money on advertising everyday.

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11. They have provided the victims with food and clothing.

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12. People speak English in almost every corner of the world.

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13. They think that the owner of the house is abroad.

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Active: People + say/ know/ think/ believe + that + S + V + O

They

Passive: - It + (be) + said/ known/ thought/ believed + that + S + V + O

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14. You must clean the wall before you pain it.

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15. Nobody have ever treated me with such kindness.

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16. Someone says that tortoises live longer than elephants.

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17. A storm has destroyed many houses in the village.

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18. People don’t learn languages over night.

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19. We are arranging these books into sections.

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20. One uses milk for making butter and cheese.

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21. My sister bought this book yesterday.

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22. Does Nam visit the school library everyday ?

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23. No-one can meet the President at this time.

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24. The builders were building a new bridge over the river.

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25. The lion-tamer attracted my children very much.

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26. My mother planted that tree long time ago.

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27. The government hasn’t changed that regulation yet.

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28. Lan and Mai can speak English fluently.

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29. They said that he had escaped to a neutral country.

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30. When did A.G. Bell invent telephone ?

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