TENSES STRUCTURES EXERCISES

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<b>TENSES</b>

-

<b>oOo-I.</b> <b>SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE:</b>

- <b>Cách dùng: diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên, một thói quen hoặc một sự việc xảy ra thường </b>
xuyên ở hiện tại.

- <b>Các trạng từ: always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, everyday, every year, . . .</b>
- <b>Công thức:</b>

1. Đối với động từ “ TO BE “:

EX: -I am a pupil. - I am not a pupil. - Are you a pupil ?

- He is intelligent - He is not intelligent . - Is he intelligent ?
2. Đối với động từ thường:

 VO = V-infintive : động từ nguyên mẫu.

 Động từ thêm “ES” khi động từ tận cùng là: S, SH, CH, X, O, Z .

 Động từ tận cùng là “ Y “, đứng trước nó là một phụ âm thì đổi “ -Y” -> “ -IES”.
EX: - We go to school on time everyday. - Do you go to school on time everyday ?
- The Earth moves around the sun. - Does the Earth move around the sun ?
- It doesn’t rain in the dry season. - Does it rain in the dry season ?

<b>II.</b> <b>SIMPLE PAST TENSE:</b>

- <b>Cách dùng : diễn tả một hành động hay một sự việc đã xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định </b>

<b> trong quá khứ.</b>

- <b>Các trạng từ: yesterday, ago, last ( week, year, . . .) , in + year in the past ( in 1990 ) . . .</b>
- <b>Công thức:</b>

1. Đối với động từ “ TO BE “:

EX: - He was at home last night. - He was not at home last night.
- They were at school yesterday. - Were they at school yesterday ?
2. Đối với động từ thường :

EX: - I visited my grandparents 2 days ago. - I didn’t visit my gandparents 2 days ago.
- My sister bought this pen yesterday. – Did your sister buy this pen yesterday ?
S+ AM / IS / ARE . . . S+ AM / IS / ARE + NOT . . AM / IS / ARE + S . .?

I, WE, YOU, THEY + VO

HE, SHE, IT + VS/ES

S + DON’T + VO

DOESN’T DO + S + V

O ?

DOES

I, HE, SHE IT + WAS
WE, YOU, THEY + WERE

S + WAS + NOT . .
WERE

WAS + S . . .?
WERE

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<b>III.</b> <b>SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE:</b>

- <b>Cách dùng: diễn tả một sự việc sẽ xảy ra tại một thời điểm trong tương lai.</b>

- <b>Các trạng từ : tomorrow, next ( week, year, . . .), in + year in the future (in 2010 ) . . .</b>
- <b>Công thức:</b>

<b>IV.</b> <b>PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE :</b>

- <b>Cách dùng : diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra ở hiện tại.</b>

- <b>Các trạng từ : now, right now, at the moment, at this moment, at present, . . .</b>

- Động từ “ To Be “ và các động từ chỉ giác quan, cảm xúc, tình cảm như :hear, see, smell, love,
like, . . . thường khơng dùng với thì tiếp diễn.

- <b>Cơng thức :</b>

EX: - We are learning English now. - What are you learning now ?
- Listen ! Someone is knocking the door. - Tom is not writing his lesson.

<b>V.</b> <b>PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE :</b>

- <b>Cách dùng :+ diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quákhứ.</b>

+ diễn tả một sự việc đang diễn ra ở quá khứ thì một sự việc quá khứ khác xảy

đến.

+ diễn tả hai hành động xảy ra cùng một lúc trong quá khứ.
- <b>Công thức :</b>

EX: - He was watching a football match on T.V at 9 o’ clock last night.
- What were you doing at one o’clock this afternoon ?

- While my mother was cooking in the kitchen, my sister was washing her clothes.

<b>VI.</b> <b>PRESENT PERFECT TENSE :</b>

- <b>Cách dùng :+ diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng không xác định rỏ thời gian.</b>
+ diễn tả một hành động vừa mới xảy ra hoặc chưaxảy ra.

+ diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ mà còn tiếp tục đến hiện tại.
- <b>Các trạng từ : since, for, just, recently, already, yet, ever, never, several times, so far. . .</b>
- <b>Công thức : </b>

I, WE + SHALL + VO

S(các ngôi)+ WILL + VO

S + SHALL + NOT + VO

+ WILL

SHALL + S + VO ?

WILL

S+AM/IS/ARE+V-ING S+AM/IS/ARE +NOT+V-ING AM/ IS/ ARE + S+ V-ING ?

S + WAS +V-ING

WERE S + WAS + NOT + V-ING WERE WAS + S + V-ING ?WERE

I, WE, YOU, THEY + HAVE + VED / V3

HE, SHE, IT + HAS + VED / V3

S + HAVE + NOT +VED / V3

HAS

HAVE + S + VED / V3 ?

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EX: - I have already seen this play.

- My father has just come home from London.
- They have lived here for 5 years.

- Have you finished your homework yet ?
- No, I haven’t.

<b>VII. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE :</b>

- Cách dùng : tương tự thì Hiện tại hồn thành, nhưng nhấn mạnh sự kéo dài của hành động.

- Công thức :

<b>VIII. PAST PERFECT TENSE :</b>

-Cách dùng : diễn tả một hành động đã hoàn thành trước một hành động khác trong quá
khứ hoặc trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ.

- Các trạng từ : after, before, by the time, when . . .
- Công thức :

EX:- After he had finished his work, he went home.

<b>IX. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE :</b>

- Cách dùng : tương tự thì Q khứ hồn thành, nhưng nhấn mạnh sự kéo dài của hành động
- Công thức :

EX: The police had been looking for the criminal for two years before they caught him.

<b>EXERCISE 1: GIVE THE CORRECT TENSES OF THE VERBS IN BRACKETS :</b>

1. Albert Maltz was a progressive American writer. He (1-be) _____________born in 1908. He (
2-write ) _____________his first play “ Peace on Earth” in 1943. It was against wars, so the
American police ( 3-arrest ) _____________him and ( 4-put ) _____________him in prison in
1950.

2. Mai ( 1- come ) _____________back a moment ago and ( 2-turn ) _____________the television on
very loudly. My son ( 3-sleep) _____________then, so I ( 4- tell ) _____________her to turn it off.
3. Last Friday was a holiday. I didn’t have to go to school. I ( 1-sleep ) _____________a little later

than usual. Around ten, my friend Larry ( 2- come ) _____________over to my apartment. We (
3-pack ) _____________a picnic basket and then ( 4-take ) _____________the bus to Forest Park.
We ( 5-spend ) _____________ most of the day there.

S + HAVE + BEEN + V-ING

HAS S + HAVE + NOT + BEEN + V-ING HAS

HAVE + S + BEEN + V-ING ?
HAS

S + HAD + VED / V3 S + HAD + NOT + VED / V3 HAD + S + VED / V3 ?

<b>* EX:- I have been studying English for 7 years.</b>

- How long have you been studying English?

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4. Mary and John are neighbours. They ( 1-know ) _____________ each other for serveral years.
Mary (2-move ) _____________into her house in 1985, and John (3-live ) _____________ next
door since he (4-come ) _____________to the area in 1980.

5. Dennis Heal is a politician. He ( 1-go ) _____________to Oxford University in 1950 and (
2-become ) _____________a member of Parliament for the Labour Party in 1957. He ( 3-be )
_____________an MP since then. He (4-write ) _____________three story books including his
autobiography. He is married to the artist, Anna Heal, and they ( 5-have ) _____________two
children. They (6-live ) _____________in Oxford for 15 years, then (7-move) _____________to
London in 1970. They now (8-live ) _____________ in Cadogan Square in central London.
6. Paul Carrack is a musician and a singer. He ( 1-be ) _____________ in the music business for over

20 years. He ( 2-start ) _____________playing professionally while he ( 3-be )

_____________at school. He ( 4-travel ) _____________all over the world. He ( 5-have )
_____________ his first hit record in 1974. So far he (6- make ) _____________a lot of records.
Young people in American and Britain ( 7-know ) _____________his name and they never (
8-forget ) _____________his number one song “ The Living Years”.

7. Dear Jill,

Here I am in New York! I (1-be ) _____________here for two weeks now and it ( 2-be )

_____________very interesting. My friend, Nancy, whom I ( 3-meet ) _____________in London in
1982, (4- live ) _____________in New york for 3 years, so she ( 5- know ) _____________all about
it. Yesterday, we ( 6-go ) _____________to China town and ( 7-eat ) _____________hot dogs there.
We ( 8-visit ) _____________the Statue of Liberty this Sunday. Back on the 19.

8. It’s 6.00 p.m. Mary is at home. She ( 1-have ) _____________dinner. She always (2-have )
_____________dinner with her family around six o’clock.

9. Jong ( 1-speak ) _____________Chinese. Chinese is his native language, but right now he (
2-speak ) _____________English.

10. While I (1-walk ) _____________to class yesterday morning, I (2-see) _____________Abdullah.
We ( 3-say ) _____________hello and (4-walk ) _____________the rest of the way to school
together.

11. When I (1-hear) _____________ a knock at the door last night, I (2-walk ) _____________to the
door and (3-open ) _____________it. When I (4-open ) _____________the door, I ( 5.see)
_____________my brother. I (6-greet ) _____________him and (7-ask ) _____________him come
in.

12. My cousin and I (1-watch ) _____________a movie on TV last night when my brother (2-come)
_____________. He ( 3-watch ) _____________the end of the movie with us.

13. Mrs Reed (1-turn ) _____________on the radio in her car while she (2-drive ) _____________
home yesterday. She (3-listen ) _____________ to some music when she suddenly (4- hear )
_____________a siren. She ( 5- look ) _____________ in her mirror and ( 6-see)

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14. My mother called me around five o’clock. My husband came home a little after that. When he
( 1-come ) _____________home, I (2-talk ) _____________to my mother on the phone.

15. Yesterday afternoon I (1-go ) _____________to visit the Parker family. When I ( 2-get )

_____________there around two o’clock, Mrs Parker ( 3-be ) _____________in the yard. She (
4-plant) _____________flowers in her garden. Mr Parker (5-be) _____________in the garage. He
( 6-work) _____________on their car. The children ( 7-play ) _____________in the front yard.
16. Jack moved to Hong Kong after he graduated from the university. Jack ( 1-be ) _____________in

Hong Kong since he ( 2- graduate) _____________.

17. Jack ( 4-break) _____________his leg five days ago. He’s in hospital. He ( 5-be)
_____________in hospital since he (6-break) _____________ his leg.

18. Ted Holt arrived at the station at five past seven to catch the train. “Please (1-wait )
_____________ for me”, he shouted and jumped on the train. But the train (2-not move )

_____________. “I wonder why the train (3- not leave ) _____________yet”, he said to
the man next to him. “It always (4-leave) _____________at seven twenty”, the man (5-reply)
_____________. Ted suddenly (6-realize) _____________he(7-be) _____________ on the wrong
train! “The train to Plimton (8-already, go ) _____________”, the man told him.

19. Yesterday, I (1-go) _____________ to my daughter’s dance recital. I (2-be never)

_____________to a dance recital before. I (3-not take) _____________dancing lessons when I
was a child.

20. In the evenings I often (1-play ) _____________chess with my next door neighbour. I (2-play)
_____________chess with him ever since I (3-come ) _____________to live here ten years ago.
He (4 -be) _____________here all his life. He (5-inherit) _____________the house from his
father, another great chess player.

22. When I (1-open) _____________ the door I saw a man on his knees. He clearly (2-listen)
_____________to our conversation and I (3-wonder) _____________ how much he (4-hear)
_____________. When I (5-ask) _____________him what he (6-do) _____________, he said that
he (7-drop) _____________ a 50 p piece outside the door and (8-look) _____________for it.
23. Mary (1-have) _____________ to go to New York last week, but she almost (2-miss)

_____________the plane. She (3-stand) _____________in the queue at the check-in desk when
she suddenly (4-realize) _____________that she (5-leave) _____________her passport at home.
Fortunately, she (6-not live) _____________very far from the airport, so she (7-have)

_____________time to go home to get the passport. She (8-get) _____________back to the airport
just in time for her flight.

24. Venice is a city in Italy which (1.build) _____________on water many centuries ago. The canals
(2.be) _____________ very deep and people of Venice must (3.travel) _____________around in
boats to reach their schools, business and shops.

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