Gramm

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1. I have a dog.

=> I wish...

2. I don't have a cat.

=> I wish...

3. I am bored.

=> I wish...

4. I can't do it.

=> I wish...

5. He buys that book.

=> I wish...

6. There is some red peper in my food.

=> I wish...

7. There is not any water in the pot.

=> I wish...

8. she does not like me.

=> I wish...

9. He wil go.

=> I wish...

10. She won't take it.

=> I wish...

11. I can't buy a car because I don't have enough money.

=> I wish...

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=> I wish...

13. I'm short. I can't reach the shelf.

=> I wish...

14. I want to go out.

=> I wish...

15. I like to be a doctor.

=> I wish...

16. I don't want to go there.

=> I wish...

17. Don't go out.

=> I wish...

18. Don't be silly.

=> I wish...

19. stand up!

=> I wish...

20. I regret meeting him.

=> I wish...

( khi add nick vui lòng giới thiệu nick trên diễn đàn )

VÀO ĐÂY

xem về ngữ pháp căn bản.

VÀO ĐÂY

xem về luyện thi đại học.

. I have a dog.

=> I wish I didn't have a dog.

2. I don't have a cat.

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3. I am bored.

=> I wish I wasn't bored.

4. I can't do it.

=> I wish I could do it. (Yeah, I could).

5. He buys that book.

=> I wish he didn't/ wouldn't buy that book.

6. There is some red peper in my food.

=> I wish there wasn't any peper in my food.

7. There is not any water in the pot.

=> I wish there was some water in the pot.

8. she does not like me.

=> I wish she liked me.

9. He will go.

=> I wish he wouldn't go.

10. She won't take it.

=> I wish she would take it.

11. I can't buy a car because I don't have enough money.

=> I wish I had enough money so I could buy a car.

12. I want to buy a bike but I don't have enough money.

=> I wish I had enough money to buy a bike.

13. I'm short. I can't reach the shelf.

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14. I want to go out.

=> I wish I could go out.

15. I like to be a doctor.

=> I wish I would be a doctor.

16. I don't want to go there.

=> I wish I didn't have to go there.

17. Don't go out.

=> I wish you wouldn't go out.

18. Don't be silly.

=> I wish you wouldn't be silly.

19. stand up!

=> I wish I didn't have to stand up. (I wish he would shut up )

20. I regret meeting him.

=> I wish I hadn't met him.

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trang_bong196

#3

Posted :

Monday, September 13, 2010 10:10:37 PM

1. I have a dog.

=> I wish... I didn't have a dog

2. I don't have a cat.

=> I wish... I had a cat

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post(s)

=> I wish... I wasn't bored

4. I can't do it.

=> I wish... I could do it

5. He buys that book.

=> I wish... he didn't buy it

6. There is some red peper in my food.

=> I wish... there wasn't any red peper in my food

7. There is not any water in the pot.

=> I wish... There was some water in the pot

8. she does not like me.

=> I wish... She liked me

9. He will go.

=> I wish... He wouldn't go

10. She won't take it.

=> I wish... she would take it

11. I can't buy a car because I don't have enough money.

=> I wish... I had enough money to buy a car

12. I want to buy a bike but I don't have enough money.

=> I wish... I had enough money to buy a bike

13. I'm short. I can't reach the shelf.

=> I wish... I was tall / I wasn't short so I could reach the shelf

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=> I wish... I could go out

15. I like to be a doctor.

=> I wish... I would be a doctor

16. I don't want to go there.

=> I wish...

17. Don't go out.

=> I wish... U didn't go out

18. Don't be silly.

=> I wish... U didn't be silly

19. stand up!

=> I wish... U didn't sit down

20. I regret meeting him.

=> I wish... I didn't meet him

p/s: có một số câu sử dụng ĐT khiếm khuyết và một số câu mệnh

lệnh em không hiểu lắm

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CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN (Conditionals)

I- Mấy lưu ý về câu điều kiện:

Câu điều kiện gồm có hai phần: Một phần nêu lên điều kiện và một phần còn lại

nêu lên kết quả hay được gọi là mệnh đề chỉ điều kiện (if clause) và mệnh đề chỉ kết
quả (main clause).

Ví dụ: If it rains, I will stay at home.

Hai mệnh đề trong câu điều kiện có thể đổi chỗ được cho nhau

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II- Các loại câu điều kiện:

1. Loại 1: Điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
If clause (simple tense), main clause ( simple future)
Ví dụ: If I have enough money, I will buy a new car.

2. Loại 2: Điều kiện không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai - ước muốn ở hiện tại.
(Nhưng thực tế không thể xảy ra được).

If clause (simple past), main clause (would + infinitive)

Ví dụ: If I had millions of US dollars now, I would give you a half.
If I were the president, I would build more hospitals.

Chú ý: Ở câu điều kiện loại 2, trong vế "IF", to be của các ngôi chia giống nhau và là
từ "were", chứ không phải "was".

3. Loại 3: Điều kiện không thể xảy ra trong quá khứ - mang tính ước muốn trong
quá khứ. (nhưng thực tế không thể xảy ra được).

If clause ( past perfect), main clause ( would + have done)

Ví dụ: If they had had enough money, they would have bought that villa.
If we had found him earlier, we might/could have saved his life.

4. Câu điều kiện Hỗn hợp:

Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp giữa loại 2 và loại 3: Trong đó mệnh đề điều kiện dùng điều
kiện loại 3 chỉ điều kiện ngược thực tế ở q khứ, cịn mệnh đề chính dùng điều kiện
loại 2 chỉ kết quả ngược hiện tại

Ví dụ:

If I had taken his advice, I would be rich now.

5. Câu điều kiện ở dạng đảo.

- Trong tiếng Anh câu điều kiện loại 2/3, loại 2 và loại 3 thường được dùng ở dạng
đảo.

Ví dụ:

If I were the president, I would build more hospitals.
=> Were I the president, I would build more hospitals.
If I had taken hic advice, I would be rich now.

=> Had I taken his advice, I would be rich now.

If He had learned hard, he would have passed the final exam.
=> Had he learned hard, he would have passed the final exam.

6. If not = Unless.

- Unless cũng thường được dùng trong câu điều kiện, lúc đó Unless = If not.
Ví dụ: Unless we start at once, we will be late.

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This message was edited 1 time. Last update was at 13/05/2008 11:57:03

Love means you never have to say you are sorry!

13/05/2008 11:46:16

Subject: Conditional sentences type 1 (To co nhieu hon ne`````)

manh_hung IF/UNLESS (in conditional sentences)

When we want to talk about things that are always or generally true, we
can use

If/When/Unless plus a present form PLUS present simple or imperative.
• If you press this button, you get black coffee.

• When you fly budget airline, you don't expect to get anything to eat.
• Unless you need a lot of leg-room, don't pay the extra for first class.
Notice that we are talking about something which is generally true, not a
specific event.

In the condition clause, there can be a variety of present forms. In the
result clause, there can only be the present simple or imperative.
• If you visit Barcelona, look out for the spectacular architecture.
• If unemployment is rising, people tend to stay in their present jobs.
• If you've finished everything, go home.

• When you go to Barbados, take plenty of sun cream.
• When I'm working, please be quiet.

• When I've written a new article, I run it through my spell-checker.
Notice that 'unless' means the same as 'if not'.

• Unless he asks you to continue, stop all work on the project.
• Unless interest rates are rising, it's not a good investment.

• Unless you've been to Tokyo yourself, you don't really understand how
fantastic it is.

First Conditional

We use the First Conditional to talk about future events that are likely to
happen.

• If we take John, he'll be really pleased.

• If you give me some money, I'll pay you back tomorrow.
• If they tell us they want it, we'll have to give it to them.
• If Mary comes, she'll want to drive.

The 'if' clause can be used with different present forms.

• If I go to New York again, I'll buy you a souvenir from the Empire State
Building.

• If he's feeling better, he'll come.

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The "future clause" can contain 'going to' or the future perfect as well as
'will'.

• If I see him, I'm going to tell him exactly how angry I am.

• If we don't get the contract, we'll have wasted a lot of time and money.
The "future clause" can also contain other modal verbs such as 'can' and
'must'.

• If you go to New York, you must have the cheesecake in Lindy's.
• If he comes, you can get a lift home with him.

Second Conditional

We can use the Second Conditional to talk about 'impossible' situations.
• If I had one million dollars, I'd give a lot to charity.

• If there were no more hungry people in this world, it would be a much
better place.

• If we were in New York today, we would be able to go to the free Elton
John concert in Central Park.

Notice that after I / he/ she /it we often use the subjunctive form 'were'
and not 'was'. (Some people think that 'were' is the only 'correct' form
but other people think 'was' is equally 'correct' .)

• If I were in Tokyo, I'd have sushi every day.

• If she were really happy in her job, she'd be working much harder.
• If IBM were to enter our market, we would have big problems.
Notice the form 'If I were you' which is often used to give advice.
• If I were you, I'd change my job.

• If I were you, I'd sign up for Pearson's fantastic English lessons.
We can also use the Second Conditional to talk about 'unlikely' situations.
• If I won the lottery, I'd buy my parents a big house.

• If I went to the moon, I'd bring back some moon rock.
• If you met him, you'd really like him.

Notice that the choice between the first and the second conditional is
often a question of the speaker's attitude rather than of facts. For
example, consider two people Peter Pessimist and Otto Optimist.
• Otto – If I win the lottery, I'll buy a big house.

• Peter – If I won the lottery, I'd buy a big house.
• Otto – If I get promoted, I'll throw a big party.
• Peter – If I got promoted, I'd throw a big party.

• Otto – If my team win the Cup, I'll buy champagne for everybody.
• Peter – If my team won the Cup, I'd buy champagne for everybody.
Notice that the 'If clause' can contain the past simple or the past
continuous.

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• If they were thinking of coming, they would let us know.
• If she were coming, she would be here by now.

Notice that the main clause can contain 'would' 'could' or 'might.
• If I met him again, I wouldn't recognize him.

• If we met up for lunch one day, I could take you to that new restaurant.
• If I spoke to him directly, we might be able to reach an agreement.

Also notice that sometimes the 'if clause' is implied rather than spoken.
• What would I do without you? ("if you stopped working here")

• Where would I get one at this time of night? ("if I went looking for one")
• He wouldn't agree. ("if we asked him")

Third Conditional

We can use the Third Conditional to talk about 'impossible' conditions,
impossible because they are in the past and we cannot change what has
happened.

• If I had worked harder at school, I would have got better grades.
• If I had had time, I would have gone to see him. But I didn't have time.
• If we had bought that house, we would have had to rebuild the kitchen.
• If we had caught the earlier train, we would have got there on time but
we were late.

Notice that the main clause can contain 'would' 'could' or 'might.
• If I had seen him at the meeting, I would have asked him. (But he
wasn't there so I didn't.)

• If I had seen him at the meeting, I could have asked him. ( But he
wasn't there so it wasn't possible.)

• If I had seen him at the meeting, I might have asked him. (But I'm not
sure. Perhaps if the opportunity had arisen.)

• If I had paid more attention in class, I would have understood the
lesson.

Also notice that sometimes the 'if clause' is implied rather than spoken.
• I'd have done it. ("if you had asked me but you didn't.")

• I wouldn't have said that. ("if I'd been there.")

• He wouldn't have let him get away with that. ("if he had tried that with
me.")

This message was edited 2 times. Last update was at 13/05/2008 11:51:

Cấu trúc câu của các dạng so sánh trong tiếng Anh

Nhóc

10-09-2009, 16:21

1. Equality(So sánh bằng)S + V + as + adj/adv + as + N/pronoun

S + V + not + so/as + adj/adv + N/Pronoun

Ex:

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+This boy is as tall as that one

(Không lặp lại từ đã dùng ở chủ ngữ)

Population ofHo Chi Minh city isn't as much as thatof Bangkok.

2. Comparative(So sánh hơn)

Short Adj:S + V + adj + er + than + N/pronoun

Long Adj: S + V + more + adj + than + N/pronoun

Ex:

She is taller than I/me

This bor is more intelligent than that one.

Dạng khác:S + V + less + adj + than + N/pronoun.(ít hơn)

3. Superlative(So sánh nhất)

Short adj:S + V + the + adj + est + N/pronoun

Long adj:S + V + the most + adj + N/pronoun.

Ex:

She is the tallest girl in the village.

He is the most gellant boy in class.

Dạng khác:S + V + the least + adj + N/pronoun(ít nhất)

Chú ý:

-1.Những tính từ ngắn kết thúc bằng một phụ âm mà ngay trước nó là

nguyên âm duy nhất thì chúng ta nhân đơi phụ âm lên rồi thêm "er" trong

so sánh hơn và "est" trong so sánh nhất.(ex:hot-->hotter/hottest)

-2.Những tính từ có hai vần,kết thúc bằng chữ "y" thì đổi "y" thành "i" rồi

thêm "er" trong so sánh hơn và "est" trong so sánh

nhất(ex:happy-->happier/happiest)

3.Những tính từ/trạng từ đọc từ hai âm trở lên gọi là tính từ dài,một âm gọi

là tính từ ngắn.Tuy nhiên,một số tính từ có hai vần nhưng kết thúc bằng

"le","et","ow","er"vẫn xem là tính từ ngắn

4. Các tính từ so sánh bất quy tắc thì học thuộc lịng

good/better/the best

bad/worse/the worst

many(much)/more/the most

little/less/the least

far/farther(further)/the farthest(the furthest)

5. Double comparison(So sánh kép)

+ Same adj:

Short adj:S + V + adj + er + and + adj + er

Long adj:S + V + more and more + adj

Ex:

The weather gets colder and colder.

(Thời tiết càng ngày càng lạnh.)

His daughter becomes more and more intelligent.

(Con gái anh ấy ngày càng trở nên thông minh)

+ Different adj:

The + comparative + S + V the + comparative + S + V.

(The + comparative

he + từ ở dạng so sánh hơn)

Ex:

The richer she is the more selfish she becomes.

(Càng giàu,cơ ấy càng trở nên ích kỷ hơn).

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(Càng thông minh,anh ta càng trở nên lười hơn.)

Dạng khác(càng...càng...)

The + S + V + the + comparative + S + V

Ex

he more we study the more stupid we feel.

Chú ý:

Trong câu so sánh kép,nếu có túc từ là một danh từ thì ta đặt danh từ ấy

ngay sau tính từ so sánh

Ex

he more English vocabularywe know the better we speak.

6. Multiple Numbers Comparison(So sánh gấp nhiều lần)

S + V + multiple numbers + as + much/many/adj/adv + (N) + as +

N/pronoun.

multiple numbers:half/twice/3,4,5...times/Phân số/phần trăm.

Ex:

She types twice as fa

st as I.

In many countries in the world with the same job,women only get 40%-50%

as much as salary as men.

LỜI NÓI TRỰC VÀ GIÁN TIẾP

(Dicrect and Indirect Speeches)

1. Giới thiệu:

Trong lời nói trực tiếp, chúng ta ghi lại chính xác những từ, ngữ của
người nói dùng. Lời nói trực tiếp thường được thể hiện bởi: các dấu
ngoặc kép " ".

Ví dụ: 1- He said, “I learn English”.
2- "I love you," she said.

2. Những thay đổi trong lời nói Trực và Gián tiếp:

2.1 Đổi thì của câu:

Thì của các động từ trong lời nói gián tiếp thay đổi theo một nguyên
tắc chung là lùi về quá khứ (các thì xuống cấp):

Thì trong Lời nói trực tiếp Thì trong Lời nói gián tiếp
- Hiện tại đơn -> Quá khứ đơn

- Hiện tại tiếp diễn -> Quá khứ tiếp diễn
- Hiện tại hoàn thành -> Quá khứ hoàn thành
- Hiện tại hoàn thành TD -> Quá khứ hoàn thành TD
- Quá khứ đơn -> Quá khứ đơn hoac Quá khứ hoàn thành
- Quá khứ hoàn thành -> Quá khứ hoàn thành

- Tương lai đơn -> Tương lai trong quá khứ
- Tương lai TD -> Tương lai TD trong quá khứ
- Is/am/are going to do -> Was/were going to do
- Can/may/must do -> Could/might/had to do
Hãy xem những ví dụ sau đây:

He does -> He did

He is doing -> He was doing
He has done -> He had done

He has been doing -> He had been doing
He will do -> He would do

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He may be doing -> He might be doing
He can do -> He could do

He can have done -> He could have done
He must do/have to do -> He had to do
2.2 Các thay đổi khác:

a. Thay đổi Đại từ

Các đại từ nhân xưng và đại sở hữu khi chuyển từ lời nóitr ực tiếp sang
lời nói gián tiếp thay đổi như bảng sau:

TRỰC TIẾP GIÁN TIẾP
Đại từ

nhân xưng
Chủ ngữ
I he, she
we they
you they
Tân ngữ

me him, her
us them
you them
Đại từ
sở hữu
mine his, her
ours theirs
yours theirs
Tính từ
sở hữu
my his, her
our their
your their

Ngoài quy tắc chung về các thay đổi ở đại từ được nêu trên đây, người
học cần chú ý đến các thay đổi khác liên quan đến vị trí tương đối của
người đóng vai trị thuật lại trong các ví dụ sau đây:

Ví dụ: Jane, "Tom, you should listen to me."
+ Jane tự thuật lại lời của mình:

I told Tom that he should listen to me.
+ Người khác thuật lại lời nói của Jane
Jane told Tom that he should listen to her
+ Người khác thuật lại cho Tom nghe:
Jane told you that he should listen to her.
+ Tom thuật lại lời nói của Jane

Jane told me that I should listen to her.

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Trực tiếp Gián tiếp
This -> That
That -> That
These -> Those
Here -> There
Now -> Then
Today -> That day
Ago -> Before

Tomorrow -> The next day / the following day

The day after tomorrow -> In two day’s time / two days after
Yesterday -> The day before / the previous day

The day before yesterday -> Two day before
Next week -> The following week

Last week -> The previous week / the week before
Last year ->The previous year / the year before
Ví dụ:

Trực tiếp: "I saw the school-boy here in this room today."

Gián tiếp: She said that she had seen the school-boy there in that
room that day.

Trực tiếp: "I will read these letters now."

Gián tiếp: She said that she would read those letters then.

Ngoài quy tắc chung trên dây, người học cần chớ rằng tình huống thật
và thời gian khi hành động được thuật lại đóng vai trị rất quan trọng
trong khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang lời nói gián tiếp.

3. Câu hỏi trong lời nói gián tiếp: Câu hỏi trong lời nói gián tiếp 
được chia làm loại:

3.1. Câu hỏi bắt đầu với các trợ động từ: Ta thêm If/whether
Ví dụ:

Trực tiếp: "Does John understand music?" he asked.
Gián tiếp: He asked if/whether John understood music.

3.2. Câu hỏi bắt đầu who, whom, what, which, where, when, why,
how: Các từ để hỏi trên sẽ được giữ nguyên trong câu gián tiếp:
Trực tiếp: "What is your name?" he asked.

Gián tiếp: He asked me what my name was.

3.3. Các dạng đặc biệt của câu hỏi trong lời nói gián tiếp
a. Shall/ would dùng để diễn t ả đề nghi, lời mời:

Ví dụ:

Trực tiếp: "Shall I bring you some tea?" he asked.
Gián tiếp: He offered to bring me some tea.

Trực tiếp: "Shall we meet at the theatre?" he asked.
Gián tiếp: He suggested meeting at the theatre.
b. Will/would dùng để diễn tả sự yêu cầu:

Ví dụ:

Trực tiếp: Will you help me, please?
Gián tiếp: He asked me to help him.

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c. Câu mệnh lệnh và câu yêu cầu trong lời nói gián tiếp. 
Ví dụ:

Trực tiếp: Go away!

Gián tiếp: He told me/the boys to go away.
Trực tiếp: Listen to me, please.

Gián tiếp: He asked me to listen to him.
d. Câu cảm thán trong lời nói gián tiếp. 
Ví dụ:

Trực tiếp: What a lovely dress!

Tuỳ theo xúc cảm và hình thức diễn đạt, chúng ta có thể dùng nhiều
hình thức khác nhau như sau:

Gián tiếp: She exclaimed that the dress was lovely.
She exclaimed that the dress was a lovely once.

She exclaimed with admiration at the sight of the dress.
e. Các hình thức hỗn hợp trong lời nói gián tiếp.

Lời nói trực tiếp có thể bao gồm nhiều hình thức hỗn hợp: câu khẳng
định, câu hỏi, câu mệnh lệnh, câu cảm thán:

Ví dụ:

Trực tiếp: She said, "can you play the piano?” and I said”no”

Gián tiếp: She asked me if could play the piano and I said that I could
not.

This message was edited 2 times. Last update was at 18/09/2008 14:07:39

Tomorrow is another day...

30/09/2010 13:30:11
Subject: narrow streets

xumomo

Joined: 30/09/2010
13:27:32

Messages: 2

Offline

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(16)<div class='page_container' data-page=16>

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neglected

1. Giới thiệu:

Trong lời nói trực tiếp, chúng ta ghi lại chính xác những từ, ngữ của người nói dùng. Lời nói
trực tiếp thường được thể hiện bởi: các dấu ngoặc kép " ".

Ví dụ: 1- He said, “I learn English”.
2- "I love you," she said.

2. Những thay đổi trong lời nói Trực và Gián tiếp:

2.1 Đổi thì của câu:

Thì của các động từ trong lời nói gián tiếp thay đổi theo một nguyên tắc chung là lùi về q
khứ (các thì xuống cấp):

Thì trong Lời nói trực tiếp Thì trong Lời nói gián tiếp
- Hiện tại đơn -> Quá khứ đơn

- Hiện tại tiếp diễn -> Quá khứ tiếp diễn
- Hiện tại hoàn thành -> Quá khứ hoàn thành
- Hiện tại hoàn thành TD -> Quá khứ hoàn thành TD

- Quá khứ đơn -> Quá khứ đơn hoac Quá khứ hoàn thành
- Quá khứ hoàn thành -> Quá khứ hoàn thành

He does -> He did

He is doing -> He was doing
He has done -> He had done

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He will do -> He would do

He will be doing -> He would be doing
He will have done -> He would have done
He may do -> He might do

He may be doing -> He might be doing
He can do -> He could do

He can have done -> He could have done
He must do/have to do -> He had to do
2.2 Các thay đổi khác:

a. Thay đổi Đại từ

Các đại từ nhân xưng và đại sở hữu khi chuyển từ lời nóitr ực tiếp sang lời nói gián tiếp thay

đổi như bảng sau:

TRỰC TIẾP GIÁN TIẾP
Đại từ

nhân xưng
Chủ ngữ
I he, she
we they
you they
Tân ngữ
me him, her
us them
you them
Đại từ
sở hữu
mine his, her
ours theirs
yours theirs
Tính từ
sở hữu
my his, her
our their
your their

Ngoài quy tắc chung về các thay đổi ở đại từ được nêu trên đây, người học cần chú ý đến các
thay đổi khác liên quan đến vị trí tương đối của người đóng vai trị thuật lại trong các ví dụ sau
đây:

Ví dụ: Jane, "Tom, you should listen to me."

+ Jane tự thuật lại lời của mình:

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b. Các thay đổi ở trạng từ không gian và thời gian: 
Trực tiếp Gián tiếp

This -> That
That -> That
These -> Those
Here -> There
Now -> Then
Today -> That day
Ago -> Before

Tomorrow -> The next day / the following day

The day after tomorrow -> In two day’s time / two days after
Yesterday -> The day before / the previous day

The day before yesterday -> Two day before
Next week -> The following week

Last week -> The previous week / the week before
Last year ->The previous year / the year before

Ví dụ:

Trực tiếp: "I saw the school-boy here in this room today."

Gián tiếp: She said that she had seen the school-boy there in that room that day.
Trực tiếp: "I will read these letters now."

Gián tiếp: She said that she would read those letters then.

Ngoài quy tắc chung trên dây, người học cần chớ rằng tình huống thật và thời gian khi hành
động được thuật lại đóng vai trị rất quan trọng trong khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang lời
nói gián tiếp.

3. Câu hỏi trong lời nói gián tiếp: Câu hỏi trong lời nói gián tiếp được chia làm loại:

3.1. Câu hỏi bắt đầu với các trợ động từ: Ta thêm If/whether
Ví dụ:

Trực tiếp: "Does John understand music?" he asked.
Gián tiếp: He asked if/whether John understood music.

3.2. Câu hỏi bắt đầu who, whom, what, which, where, when, why, how: Các từ để hỏi trên sẽ
được giữ nguyên trong câu gián tiếp:

Trực tiếp: "What is your name?" he asked.
Gián tiếp: He asked me what my name was.

3.3. Các dạng đặc biệt của câu hỏi trong lời nói gián tiếp
a. Shall/ would dùng để diễn t ả đề nghi, lời mời: 
Ví dụ:

Trực tiếp: "Shall I bring you some tea?" he asked.
Gián tiếp: He offered to bring me some tea.

Trực tiếp: "Shall we meet at the theatre?" he asked.
Gián tiếp: He suggested meeting at the theatre.
b. Will/would dùng để diễn tả sự yêu cầu: 
Ví dụ:

Trực tiếp: Will you help me, please?
Gián tiếp: He asked me to help him.

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(19)<div class='page_container' data-page=19>

c. Câu mệnh lệnh và câu yêu cầu trong lời nói gián tiếp. 
Ví dụ:

Trực tiếp: Go away!

Gián tiếp: He told me/the boys to go away.
Trực tiếp: Listen to me, please.

Gián tiếp: He asked me to listen to him.
d. Câu cảm thán trong lời nói gián tiếp. 
Ví dụ:

Trực tiếp: What a lovely dress!

Tuỳ theo xúc cảm và hình thức diễn đạt, chúng ta có thể dùng nhiều hình thức khác nhau như
sau:

Gián tiếp: She exclaimed that the dress was lovely.

She exclaimed that the dress was a lovely once.

She exclaimed with admiration at the sight of the dress.
e. Các hình thức hỗn hợp trong lời nói gián tiếp.

Lời nói trực tiếp có thể bao gồm nhiều hình thức hỗn hợp: câu khẳng định, câu hỏi, câu mệnh
lệnh, câu cảm thán:

Ví dụ:

Trực tiếp: She said, "can you play the piano?” and I said”no”

Gián tiếp: She asked me if could play the piano and I said that I could not.

</div>


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