Mạng 3G và những thách thức trong tương lai

GHI NHAN TRAO DOI

Mang 3G va
nhung thach thirc
trong tirong lai
TurnSm 2007, dung lu'dng 3G da tang nhanh,
trong tu'dng lai xu hu'dng nay se tiep tuc gia
t i n g hdn nffa. Do dd, cac nha khai thac 3G se
phai ddi m | t nhihig thach thu'c Idn dang tiem
an, trong dd thieu hut dung lu'dng la mot van
de. Oe giai quyet bai toan nay, cac nha khai
thac can phai dau tir xay dimg them nhieu
tram gdc mdi va xin cap phep them phd tan.
Odng thdi, ho cung can phai cd quyet sach kjp
thdi da diTa ra nhu'ng phu'dng thirc bo sung
de phan phdi cac dich vu tdi nhihig ngu'di sir
dung di ddng, n h i m siT dung hieu qua cac
diem truy cap WLAN, cac giai phap quang ba
di ddng va tai bien (sideioading).

8 YEU TO THUC DAY TANG T R U O N G
Ll/U LU'ONG 3G TRONG T U O N G LAI

Trong vbng 5 nam tbi, dung lugng mang 3G ve co

bin se tiep tuc tang. 8 yeu td duge xem li dbng luc
thiie day sir 0 a tang luu lugng 3G bao gdm:
Ngu&i sti dung chuyen ddi tti cac dich vu 2/2.SG
lenSG
a hau het cac thi trabng, mbt phan Ibn khach
hing van dang su dung cie mang 2G (GSM li ehu

yeu). Nhung trong 5 nim tbi, cic khich hing 2G
cua eie nhi dang khai thic 3G Men thbi se chuyen
sang eae dieh vu 3G.
Mtic thim nhap cua cae modem USB vi eae the
duMeu tang
Mite tham nhip eua cie modem USB hd trg cic
dieh vu bing rdng di dgng se tie dbng dang ke
den khdi lugng luu lugng 3G. Sir thim nhap cua cic
modem vi cie the dir Ueu tai cic qude 0a tren the
0bi se thiic day luu lugng 3G tang tradng ding ke.
Mtic tham nhap cua dien thoai thdng minh tang
nhanh

TAP CHI CNTT&TT KY 1 (7.2010)

51


GHI NHAN TRAO OOI

Vbi su thinh ebng eiia cac loai dien thoai thbng
minh nhu Apple IPhone, sd lugng dien thoai bin ra
da vi dang tang nhanh theo timg nim, trong tuong
lai sir ting tradng niy vin cbn tiep tue. Theo du bio,
den nim 2014 sd dien thoai thbng mmh tren toin
cau se tang gan ba lin so vbi con sd da cb trong
nim 2008. Theo cbng bd mbi day ciia T-Moblle, sd
ngubi su dung iPhone tray cap vio trang Web nMeu
hon khoing 30 den 40 lan so vbi nhiing ngubi su
dung dil Ueu di dbng khie.

Sir tang nhanh cie g&i dich vu cd mtic eudc cd
dinh
Gii cube dil Ueu dl ddng ddi vbi eie dieh vu can
nMeu luu lugng (traffle-uitensive) dang ngiy cing
phii hgp hon eho khich hing. Cic nhi mang da dua
ra mbt loat eae gbi 0eh vu eb mite cube cd dinh cho
dien thoai thbng minh vi bang rbng di dgng, vbi
nhiing hinh thitc su dung vi phan phdi hing thing
phong phii hon. Ddng thbi, 0a cube mbt sd dieh vu
bing rbng dl dbng ciing 0im. Do db, khich hing
ngiy cing chap nhin vi su dung cac 0eh vu bang
rbng dl dbng nhu li mbt lua chpn khac thay cho
bang rbng ed dinh.
Thay ddi cic loai hinh dich vu, hudng tdi cic dich
vu dugc nhieu ngu&i su dung
Trabc kM cic dieh vu bing rbng dl dbng vi MobUe
TV dugc 0bi tMeu, eie dich vu pM thoai nhu tii
thbng bio vin bin, cie trb choi vi xem ludt min
Mnh nhd (WAP) da cMem uu the, do eic dich vu niy
khbng su dung nMeu tii nguyen mang. Tuy nMen,
vbi su thim nhip nhanh cua eie modem USB vi
dien thoai thbng minh, cie loai hinh dich vu di ddng
se tiep tue thay ddi ding ke. Tuong lai, cic 0eh vu
di ddng nhu xem video, lubt web min Mnh day du
se eb ty le ngubi sii dung eao hon.
Ning cao hieu nang cua cac mang te bio
Nhimg cbng nghe eii tien eiia 3G rihu HSPA+ vi
LTE se mang lai eho nhiing ngucri su dung tdc do tdi
da eao hon nMeu, do db hd ttg tdt vbi cic dieh vu

5 2 I TAP CHi CNTT&TT KY 1 (7.2010)

nMeu ngubi su dung, ddng thbi thiie day tang luu
lugng dung lugng 3G.
Tang tinh sin sing eua cic img dung du Meu tren
dien thoai thong minh
Lgi ieh eua viee md rdng eie img dung dugc nMeu
ngubi su dung tten eie tMet bi 3G (vi du nhu radio
Uitemet, catch- up TV, vi YouTube) se thiic day su
0 a tang luu lugng dung lupng 3G. Su xuat Men kho
img dung App Store ciia Apple 0up nhiing ngubi su
dung IPhone de ding lua chpn vi tai cic img dung.
Tmh den thing 4/2009 da cb 1 ty img dung dugc
tii xudng tit App Stcre.
Gia ting sti dung cae tiiiet bi 3G trong nhi
Hien nay, sd khich hing sir dung dien thoai di
ddng de thuc Men cude ggi thay vl dien thoai cd
dinh ngiy cing tang. Vi rat nhieu ngubi trong sd
db tray cap eie dich vu Intemet vi da phuong tien
bing dien thoai, thim cM ci cic dich vu 0dng nhu
kM sir dung tren miy tiiih PC. Tai Phap cb tbi 40%
hp 0a dinh da su dung MobUe TV.

NHAN BIET VA XAC D I N H CAC LOAI
LU'U LLTONG 3G TRONG T U O N G LAI

De 0 i i quyet bii toin ve sir 0 a ting luu lugng 3G
trong tuong lai, viec xic dinh sd lugng luu lugng 3G
li can IMet. Tuy nMen, van de niy khi phite tap,
do luu lupng trayen din bdi 3G bi anh hudng bdi

nMeu yeu td, bao gdm:
- Sd lugng tdng the eic tMet bi 3G
- Kieu cua tMet hi 3G da su dung, cie dien thoai
eg bin, eie dien thoai thbng mmh, eac modem USB
vi cie the dii Ueu
- Sd ngubi su dimg cic dich vu vi mite su dung cu
the cua eie 0ch vu db
- Cubng dp luu lugng cua mdi dich vu (vbi su khac
nhau khi Ibn 0iia cic dich vu)
- Su phin cMa su dung ttong nhi vi ngoii ttbi
+ Ty le sii dung dich vu khbng day ttong nhi dugc


GHI NHAN TRAO O O I
Tnmc
Intensity
of services

Service mix
penetration
Tdkv-ijpor3C
different
maric^ts and
operaion

Take-up of each
wrvicebj'Mfh
device

W Take-up of each
1
3C drrtc* r>T>*
1
for diffiprFnc
1
m i r k e u and
K
opentors

Traffic
consutnprlonol
each senice on
each device

Usage ofeach
ser^'iceoneach
device

Service
delivery
methods
Split oflnffif
acrojj dfhver,mrthcxls for pach
sorviee on *jch

Voica M r v k « i
CSvoKc
VoIP
OvM-all

Mirrlpu
pMirtrarioD

1

BMkpta»aM

VoIP

1
DMiMrvk**

DMaMnricM
Messagin£

Messaging
MlgnlloD
from 2C lo 3G

1

Additional 3C
devices per

SjniLr!tp!b9n
Email

Email

Browsing

Browsing

Photographs

Photographs

1

USBmodmu/
daunnb

syslrmi

Audio
Vidro

Vld«

File doitoiloadi

Flip downloads

S/w downloads

S/wdownlo*ls

Hinh 1: Cau tiiic ktiuPn miu luu lupng va dicii vu do Unwired Insight phat trien

V o l c o a n d data cervlcat
ond content

ndsnrT>
iDDct..ui.iini

3G mocrocall
baiaitations

Moblla

Indoor lysloffls
Sld«lo*dInt

broadcasting
WLAN

F«ml«c«lt|

phoi cac dich vu yd ngi dung tbi cac thiet bi 3G
Hinh 2: Cac phuong phap de phan

truyen din bbi eac he thong trong nhi
+ Ty le npi dung 0ch vu duac dua vio eic tMet hi
mobile 3G tit ben ngoii
- Tinh sin sing eua eic mang qnang bi de phin
phoi bat ky mpt kieu nbi dung nio db nhu TV, radio
vi ty le nbi dung da phuong tien mi nb dugc dua
vio cic mang quang b i
Viec xic dinh chinh xic dung lupng luu lupng mi

cic mang 3G phii truyen din se 0up cie rihi khai
tl ac eb the ip dung eic 0ai phip ebng nghe nhim

chuyen bbt cic luu lupng mi thuc te nhiing ngubi su
dung di dpng 3G tao ra sang eac mang khie. Hinh
2 dua ra mbt so phuang phip bo sung de phin phdi
eie dich vu 3G. Trong db, eie ebng nghe quang hi
di dbng nhu DVB-H, DMB, MB vi MediaFLO dupe su
dung de eung cap nbi dung da phuong tien (die biet
li Mobile TV vi radio) eho cic tMet hi 3G eb trang
bi cic miy thu quang b i iMch hop. Ngoii ra, eic
he thong trong nhi (cic diem truy cap WLAN hoac
femtoeell) eiing duac su dung. Mb hinh niy 0up

TAP CHI CNTT&TT KY 1 ( 7 . 2 0 1 0 )

53


GHI NHAN TRAO O O I

phan phoi cac iing dung 3G Meu qua, dong thbi
ttarih su dung toi da dung lupng ciia cac mang 3G.

khai nhung cbng nghe niy. Theo db, cb hon 30 nhi
khai thic cam ket sin sing trien khai LTE.
Mot n6t die trung rat quan ttpng eua nhiing cbng
nghe 3G eai tien do phit tiien tir HSPA len LTE li
viee ting ding ke cic tdc du Ueu dinh. Trong db
ttam gdc cd ging tdi da lde do dO tbi nhirng ngubi

sii dung dau cuoi ttong cie dieu kien vb tuyen tot
nhat (vi du, nhiing ngubi su dung di dbng a rat gan
vbi ttam goc). Tuy nMen, vbi eie ebng nghe 3G cai
tien, nhiing ngubi su dung di dpng vin cb the nhan
dugc cie dieu kien tin Meu yeu.

CAC MANG 3G TIEP TUC CHIU SU'C
EP VE DUNG LUgNG BAT CHAP NHU'NG
CONG NGHE CUA 3G CAI TIEN
Hien nay, nMeu nhi khai thac dang quan tim tbi
eie ebng nghe 3G cal tien nhim nang cao dung
lupng mang de hb ttg vi dip itng cic yeu eau ve luu
lupng ttong tuong lai. Bang 1 dua ra mpt sd cbng
nghe 3G eai tien.
Nhung cbng nghe 3G cat tien se cung cap cho
nhiing ngubi sir dung toe dp toi da cao hon nMeu.
Do db ho ttg tot hon cac dich vu nMeu ngubi su
dung, dong thbi thiic day tang dung lugng luu lupng
3G.

MOT SO NHA KHAI THAC 3G SE PHAI
DOI MAT VOI CAC VAN DE DUNG LU'Q'NG
TRONG NAM 2010

Trong kM HSPA di duge trien khai tren dien rpng
(bbi hon 95% eua cie nhi khai thic WCDMA), Men
nay moi quan tam eiia eie nhi khai thic dl dbng
dang tip tnmg vio HSPA+ vi LTE. Nam 2009, mot
sb eie nhi khai thic 3G (Mobilkom, Telecom Italia,
Vodafone vi AT&T) da cbng bo eie ke hoach trien

Mb Mnh du bio a Hinh 3 cho thay cb su khic
nhau ding ke trong quan diem doi vbi eic nhi khai
thic 3G khie nhau. Do cic mang HSPA khbng dip
ling dugc nhiing yeu cau ve dung lugng Men tai,
nen mot so rihi khai thic se phai ddi mat vbi nhiing
van de ngMem ttpng dong thbi lai phai duong dau
vbi nhirng yeu cau luu luong mbi ttong tuong lai.

Bing 1: Nhung cong nghe 3G cai tign
Technology

Description

Peak downlink speed
peruser

Peak uplink speed per
user

W
First venlon of UMTS

Upto3B4kbps(using
SMHz of spectrum]

Up to 384kbps (using
SMHz of spectrum)

HSDPA

Entiancement tiiat
significantly
increases downlink
speeds

Up to 14.4Mbps
(using S.MHz of
spectrum)

Up to 384kbps (using
SMHz of spectrum),
which is the same as
basic W-CDMA

HSUPA

Enhancement that
significantly
increases uplink
speeds

Up to 14.4Mbps
(using SMHz of
spectrum)

UptoS.76Mbps(using
SMHz of spectrum)

HSPA+

Further improvement
to HSDPA/HSUPA.
which utilises smart
antenna technology

Up to 42Mbps (using
SMHi of spectrum)

Up to 113Mbps(u5ing
5M Hz of spectrum)

LTB

Mator enhancement
which can use wider
allocations of
spectrum than
HSDPA. HSUPA and
HSPA-f

Up to 45Mbps (using
SMHz of spectrum)
Up to 326Mbps
(using 20M Hz of
spectrum)

Upto 13Mbps (using
SMHz of spectrum)

Up to 326Mbps (using
20MHz of spectrum)

r.

i"
v:

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TAP CHI CNTT&TT KY 1 ( 7 . 2 0 1 0 )

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GHI NHAN TRAO O O I
1800

• Forecast
iralTic

-HSPA
capacity

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

Hinh 3. IVI6 hinh dubao dung lupn]lg mang HSPA giai doan, 2008 - 2 0 1 4

Bac biet, theo du bao mot so nhi khai thic 3G
Cb cac eg sa khic hing Ibn se gap nMeu khb khin
do tMeu hut dung lugng tram trgng vio giiia nam
2010, hoic tham cM sbm hon neu cic khach hing
nhanh chbng chuyen doittreie dich vu 2/2.SG len
3G (Hinh 3). Anh hubng cua tMeu hut dung lugng li
ngubi su dung dich vu se cam thay chat lugng dich
vu do eie nhi khai thic 3G eung cap bi giam. Trong
kM db, cie nhi khai thic 3G mbi se khbng du kien
nhin do su han che ve dung lugng HSPA trubc mit,
hg se phai mat khoang hai nim chb ca hgi de xue
tien cac dich vu bang rbng di dbng.
N H O N G THACH THUTC PHIA T R U O C

Trong tuong lai, cic nhi khai thic 3G se phai doi
mat vbi thich thiic ve tMeu hut dung lugng. Do db,
de ttinh hi thu dbng vi ngap lut dO lieu, ngay tir
biy gib cac mang di dgng can xay dung vi hoach
dinh mbt cMen luge phat trien ciing nhu ma rbng
mang lubi phii hgp nham dip iing cac yeu cau luu
lugng mbi trong tuong lai.
Nang cap len LTE li mot hubng phit trien can
tMet. Tuy nMen, do cae nhi khai thac 3G can eb
pho tan dinh rieng de ho ttg cac tMet bi HSPA vi
cac dieh vu thoai W- CDMA, nen pho tan dinh cho
tri 'n khai LTE se li mbt thich thiic mbi, die biet

ddi vbi cic rihi khai thic 3G cb lugng khich hing
Ibn.
Mgoii ra, eic nhi khai thic 3G Men tai nen ttinh
rihung canh ttanh khdc Uet vbi cie dieh vu bing
rbng di dbng duge cung cap bbi cac nhi khai thic
3G mbi. Do db, cie giai phip trubc mit can dugc
xem x6t li:
- Tranh chay dua khuyen mai din tbi gii cube qui
thap vi /hoae sd tien khau trir sir dung hing thing
rat cao doi vbi eie dich vu bang rbng di dbng
- Ap dung cic chinh sich su dung hgp ly vi/ hoac
cic gibi han dieh vu
- Lim cham dan qui trlnh chuyen doi tit eie dieh
vu 2/2.5G sang 3G eua khich hing
Dong thbi, ngay tir bay gib cic nhi khai thic
cOng nen xem x6t trien khai cic phuong i n bd sung

de phan phoi cie dich vu 3G tbi ngubi su dung di
dgng (nhu su dung mang WLAN, cic mang quang
bi di dbng vi femtoeell) vi giam tai luu lugng eho
cic mang 3G.
Nguyen Van Nam
(Theo: Will 3G neworks cope"^ 3G traffic and
Capacity Forecasts for 2009 - 2014, Alastair
BrydonMark Heath)

TAP CHi CNTT&TT KY 1 ( 7 . 2 0 1 0 )

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