CAC CHUYEN DE TA

<span class='text_page_counter'>(1)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=1>

<b>Cách thành lập tính từ</b>

<b>1. Mt s tính từ đợc thành lập bằng cách thêm hậu tố (suffixes) vào sau danh từ. </b>
a. –ful: có …

Ex: harm -> harmful (cã h¹i )
use - > useful (cã Ých)

success - > successful (có kết quả , thành cơng)
hope -> hopeful (đày, có hi vọng)

beauty -> beautiful (đẹp)
power - powerful (có quyền lực).
b. -less (mang nghĩa phủ định) khơng
Ex: child -> childless (khơng có con)

odor - > odorless (không màu)

home --> homeless (không nhà, vô gia c). .
life -> lifeless (kh«ng cã sù sèng)

hope -> hopeless (kh«ng cã hi väng)
power - > powerless (kh«ng cã quyền lực)
c. -ly (có vẻ, có tính chât, hàng )

man - > manly (có tính đàn ơng, hợp với dàn ông)
friend --> friendly (thân thiện)

world -- > worldly (cã vẻ trần tục)
hour - > hourly (hàng giờ)

year -- > yearly (hang năm)
day - - > daily (hàng ngày)
d. -like (gièng nh, t¬ng tù nh)

child -> childlike (co cac tinh gièng nh trỴ con) . .
god -> godlike (nh thần, nh thánh)

life - > lifelike (giống nh thËt)
brother - > brotherlike (nhu anh em)
e. -y ( cã nhiÒu)

Ex: ain - >rainy (cã ma, ma nhiÒu)

snow - >snowy (có tuyêt, phủ đầy tuyết)
dust -> dusty (đày bụi)

sand -- > sandy (cã c¸t)

salt -> salty, (cã muèi, cã vÞ muèi)
health -> healthy (kháe manh)
wealth - > wealthy (giÇu cã)
f. -ish(cã tÝnh chÊt cña)

Ex: fool - > foolish(ngu ngoc) child - > childish (thuoc tre con, hop voi tre)
Self - > selfish (ich ky) girl - > girlish (nhu con gai)

g. -al (thuoc ve)

Ex: magic - > magical (thuoc ve ma thuat)
Industry -> industrial (thuoc cong nghiep)

nature - > natural (thuoc tu nhien)

music - > musical (thuoc am nhac)

profession - > professional (chuyen nghiep)
h: -ous

Ex: poison - > poisonous (có chất độc)
nerve -> nervous (lo lắng)

danger - > dangerous
fame - > famous

mountain - > mountainous (cã nhiỊu nói)
mystery - > mysterious

g. -able.

Ex: fashion - > fashionable
Comfort - > comfortable
value -> valuable

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(2)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=2>

a. -ive

Ex: act - > active (tích cực, năng động)
Progress - > - > progressive

Attract - > attractive
Expense - > expensive
b:- -able/-ible : cã thĨ

Ex: accept - > acceptable (có thể chấp nhận)
count - > countable (có thể đếm đợc)
achieve -> achievable (có thể thực hiện đợc)
change - > changeable

eat - >eatable
reduce -> reducible

comprehend - > comprehensible

<b>3. </b> <b>Một số tính từ đợc thành lập bằng cách thêm tiền tố vào trớc tính từ khác </b>
a. super-

Ex: human - > superhuman (siêu phầm, siêu nhân)
natural - > supernatural (siªu nhiªn)

sonic - > supersonic (sieu thanh)

fine - > superfine (sieu hang, thuong hang)
b. under –

Ex: nourish -> undernourished (thiếu ăn, suy dinh dỡng)
developed - > underdeveloped

done - > undedone(nưa sèng nưa chÝn, t¸i)
ground -> underground (tàu điện ngầm)
c.

over-Ex: anxious-> overanxious (quá lo lắng)

confident - > overconfident (quá tự tin)
bearing - > overbearing (độc đoán)
joyed - > overjoyed (quá vui sớng)

crowded - > overcrowded (quá đông, đông nghịt)
d.

sub-Ex: conscious - > subconscious (thc tiỊm thøc)
atomic - > subatomic (thc h¹ nghuyªn tư)
way - > subway

<b>4. Một số tính từ mang nghĩa phủ định đợc thành lập bằng cách thêm tiền tố trớc tính từ</b>
a.

un-Ex: happy - > Unhappy
fortunate - > unfortunate
comfortable - > uncomfortable
forgettable - > unforgettable
certain - > uncertain
lucky - > unlucky
b.

in-Ex: direct - > indirect
convenient - > inconvenient
dependent - > independent
formal - > informal
visible - > invisible
c. im- (trớc từ bắt đầu b»ng m, b, p)
Ex: patient

possible
mature
Perfect
polite
balanced

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(3)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=3>

removable - > irremovable
rational-- > irrational (phi ly)

relevant -~ irrelevant (khơng thích đáng, khơng tơng xứng)
e. il- (trớc từ bắt đầu bằng l)

Ex: legal - > illegal (

logical - > illogical (kh«ng logic, phi lý)
literate - > illiterate (thất học, mù chứ)

liberal - > illiberal (không hào phóng, hep hòi)
f.

dis-honest - > dishonest (không thành thật
agreeably - > disagreeably (khã chiu)
affected - > disaffected (bÊt b×nh, bÊt m·n)
courteous - > discourteous (bÊt lÞch sù)

5. Một số tính từ kép đợc thành lập bằng cách kết hợp một danh từ với một quá khứ phân từ (noun+ past participle
- > Adjective).

Ex: man + made -- > man-made

hand + made -- > hand-made
corn + fed -- > corn-fed
snow + covered - > snow-covered
horse + pulled -- > horse-pulled

city + run - > city-run (do thành phố quản lí)

6. Ngoài ra còn có thể thành lập tính từ bằng cách kết hợp well/ ill với một quá khứ phân từ (well/ ill + past
participle - > Adjective),

Ex: well + done - > well-done (nÊu kÜ, nÊu chÝn) '
well + prepared -> well-prepared

well + known - > well-known
ill + prepared - > ill-prepared

ill + bred - > ill-bred (mất dạy, vô giáo dục)
ill + founded - > ill-founded (vô căn cứ)

<b>Cách dùng tính từ</b>
<b>1. Trớc danh từ: Adj + Noun</b>

Ex: His farther is a mechanical engineer.

<b>2. Sau c¸c linking verb: be, get, seem, appear, feel, taste, look, smell, stay, become, grow</b>
Ex: She is beautiful

Peter felt upset because he failed the test.
Mary looks happy now.

This coffee tastes good.
<b>3. Keep/ make/ find + O + adj</b>
Ex: The news made her happy.

These gloves will keep your hands warm.
I find this exercise easy.

<b>4. It be/ seem/ look …+ adj + (for sbd) + toV</b>
Ex: He is too short to play football.

5. be + so adj that + clause / such + (a/an/the) + adj + N + that + clause
Ex: She is so angry that she couldln’t speak.

He is such a handsome man that every girl admires him.

<b>6. Trong câu cảm thán: How + adj + S + V! / What + (a/an) + adj + N!</b>
Ex: How sexy the girl is!

What a sexy girl!
Cách dùng trạng từ

1. Sau trợ động từ và trớc động từ thờng: auxiliary V + adv + V
Ex: She can easily do this exercise.

Tom drove carefully along the narow road.

The house was completely destroyed by the storm.
2. Tríc adj: be/ look/ feel …. + adv + adj

Ex: I’m trully grateful for your help.

That man looks extremely sad and tired.
3. Sau too trong cÊu tróc: V + too + adv
Ex: She came too late to see her yesterday.
4. Trong cÊu tróc so … that: V + so + adv + that
Ex: Jack drove so fast that he caused an accident.
She sang so beautifully that everybody applauded
5. Đứng cuối câu: S + V (+ O) + adv

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(4)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=4>

She speaks English perfectly.
6. Tríc enough : V + adv + enough

Ex: You’d better write clearly enough for everybody to read.

7. Đơi khi trạng tử có thể đứng ỏ đầu câu hoặc giữa câu và ngăn cách với các thành phần khác của câu = dấu
phẩy.

Ex: Suddenly, he hear a strange voice.

Jane felt ill. She went to work, however, and try to concentrate.

<b>Cách thành lập tính từ và trạng tõ</b>
<b>I.</b> <b>Supply the correct word form.</b>

1. He is a ……….. boy. He is always asking questions. (curiosity)
2. All the pupils have done the exercises …….. (easy)

3. Keep………. ! The teacher is explaining the lesson. (silence)
4. Be …. in your work! (care)

5. Time passes…….. when you are alone. (slow)

6. Ho Chi Minh City is an important ……. center. (commerce)
7. We have a ……. newspaper in this town. (week)

8. This exercise seems…….. . (difficulty)
9. He has …….. bought a new car. (recent)
10. It's too ….. for me to buy.(expense),

11. How …….. those shop windows are! (beauty)

12. The cartoon last night was very …….. . (interest)
13. Last night the singer sang very ….. . (good)

14. The story is about an …….. trip. (excite)
15. In May the days are often …….. (long)
16. Helen speaks English very ….. . (fluent)
17. This is the most ….. machine in our field. (value)

18. We can keep the land in … condition by killing weeds. (well) .
19. The huge windows gave us a ……. view of the grounds. (splendidly)
20. That was an …. match, wasn't it? I was ….. to see it (excite)

21. Rubber trees are very ……. (use)

22. I want to make new dresses but I don't have a …. machine. (sew)
23. Water has no color. It is a ……. liquid. (color)

24. He is a …….. person. He often makes me laugh. (fun)

25. I didn't know how you ….. your birthday party. (celebration)

26. These flowers look ….. . (nature)

27. The film is so ……. ,so I'm ……. . (bore)
28. How …….. the street is! (danger)

29. The Sword Lake is one of ……. places in Hanoi. (history)

30. The love for book is ….. in developing the pupils' knowledge. (help)
31. This public library is …. to all people. (open)

32. She lives …….. although she is very poor. (happy)
33. He is very …….. . (friend)

34. She smiles so………. , doesn't she? (attract)

35. We all held our breath because of that ……. film. (thrill)
36. John is old enough to be……. of his parents. (depend)

37. May Day is celebrated regularly in……. countries. (society)
38. They were happy because their work was finished …….. (success)

39. Manchester players have been trying to score another goal, but their efforts are ……. . (succeed)
40. Two of these tablets should be taken ……. . (day)

41. Dogs are very ………. pets. (faith)

42. The Thames flows………. through green meadows. (gentle)

43 Relax in our …….. chairs and enjoy our excellent tea and hot chocolate. (,comfort)
44. I’m so….. you're going to visit my country. (please)

45. What a naughty boy! He always does things ….. . (noise)
46. How ……. of you to break that cup! (care)

47. We're so …….. of her for telling the truth. (pride)
48. Paris is …….. for the Eiffel tower. (fame)

49. They sat ……….. by the stream. (quiet)

</div>

<!--links-->