Tài liệu TOEFL iBT Scores: Better information about the ability to communicate... pptx

TOEFL
®

iBT Scores
Better information about the ability to
communicate in an academic setting.
Listening.
Learning.
Leading.
Copyright © 2005 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved. Educational Testing Service, ETS, the ETS logo
and TOEFL are registered trademarks of Educational Testing Service.
3
Table of Contents
About TOEFL iBT Test Scores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Score Scales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Rating of Speaking and Writing Responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Independent Speaking Rubrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Integrated Speaking Rubrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Independent Writing Rubrics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Integrated Writing Rubrics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Converting Rubric Scores to Scaled Scores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Setting Score Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Using Score Comparison Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Standard-Setting Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Score Recommendations and Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
TOEFL Total Score Comparisons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11–12
TOEFL Score Comparisons for Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
TOEFL Score Comparisons for Listening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
TOEFL Score Comparisons for Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
TOEFL iBT Score Requirements at Selected Institutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Common European Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Conduct a Standard-Setting Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Use of Test Scores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4
About TOEFL
®
iBT Test Scores
Score Scales
Since the TOEFL
®
test is changing signifi cantly, the score scale is also changing. Scores from the
TOEFL Internet-based test (iBT) provide information about performance in the four skill areas:
Listening 0–30
Reading 0–30
Speaking 0–30
Writing 0–30
Total Score 0–120
The total score is the sum of the four skill scores.
Rating of Speaking and Writing Responses
Speaking
The responses to all Speaking tasks are digitally recorded and sent to ETS’s Online Scoring
Network. The responses from each test taker are scored by at least three different human raters.
In addition, some of the tasks are scored by two raters in order to check the reliability of the
ratings. The response for each task is rated on a scale of 0 to 4 according to the standards (rubrics).
The average of all six ratings is converted to a scaled score of 0 to 30. (See the following rubric
charts and score conversion table.)
Raters evaluate the test taker’s ability in topic development, delivery, and language use. For topic
development, raters consider whether the test taker has addressed the task and conveyed relevant
information. They also consider whether the test taker has effectively synthesized and summarized
the information in the integrated tasks. Raters evaluate if the delivery of the response is clear and
smooth, and whether the delivery is consistent throughout the response for overall intelligibility.

Lastly, raters evaluate the range and accuracy of the test taker’s vocabulary and grammar.
Writing
The responses to all Writing tasks are sent to ETS’s Online Scoring Network. Each task is rated by
two human raters on a score scale of 0 to 5 according to the standards (rubrics). If the two ratings
differ by more than one point, a third rater evaluates the response and resolves the score. The
average of the scores on the two writing tasks is converted to a scaled score of 0 to 30. (See the
following rubric charts and score conversion table.)
The response to the integrated writing task is scored on the quality of writing (organization,
appropriate and precise use of grammar and vocabulary) and the completeness and accuracy of the
content. The independent writing essay is scored on the overall quality of the writing: development,
organization, and appropriate and precise use of grammar and vocabulary.
5
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Copyright © 2005 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved.
TOEFL iBT Test—INDEPENDENT
Speaking Rubrics
6
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QMBDFTCVUOPUUISPVHI
PVU
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
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JTHFOFSBMMZJOUFMMJHJCMF
BOEDPIFSFOUXJUITPNF
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UIPVHIJUFYIJCJUTTPNF
OPUJDFBCMFMBQTFTJOUIF
FYQSFTTJPOPGJEFBT"
SFTQPOTFBUUIJTMFWFMJT
DIBSBDUFSJ[FECZBUMFBTU
UXPPGUIFGPMMPXJOH
4QFFDIJTHFOFSBMMZDMFBS
XJUITPNFGMVJEJUZPG
FYQSFTTJPOCVUJUFYIJC
JUTNJOPSEJGGJDVMUJFTXJUI
QSPOVODJBUJPOJOUPOBUJPO

PSQBDJOHBOENBZSFRVJSF
TPNFMJTUFOFSFGGPSUBU
UJNFT0WFSBMMJOUFMMJHJCJMJUZ
SFNBJOTHPPEIPXFWFS
5IFSFTQPOTFEFNPO
TUSBUFTGBJSMZBVUPNBUJD
BOEFGGFDUJWFVTFPGHSBN
NBSBOEWPDBCVMBSZBOE
GBJSMZDPIFSFOUFYQSFTTJPO
PGSFMFWBOUJEFBT3F
TQPOTFNBZFYIJCJUTPNF
JNQSFDJTFPSJOBDDVSBUF
VTFPGWPDBCVMBSZPSHSBN
NBUJDBMTUSVDUVSFTPSCF
TPNFXIBUMJNJUFEJOUIF
SBOHFPGTUSVDUVSFTVTFE
4VDIMJNJUBUJPOTEPOPU
TFSJPVTMZJOUFSGFSFXJUI
UIFDPNNVOJDBUJPOPGUIF
NFTTBHF
5IFSFTQPOTFJTTVTUBJOFE
BOEDPOWFZTSFMFWBOU
JOGPSNBUJPOSFRVJSFECZUIF
UBTL)PXFWFSJUFYIJCJUT
TPNFJODPNQMFUFOFTT
JOBDDVSBDZMBDLPGTQFDJ
GJDJUZXJUISFTQFDUUPDPO
UFOUPSDIPQQJOFTTJOUIF
QSPHSFTTJPOPGJEFBT
5IFSFTQPOTFGVMGJMMTUIF

EFNBOETPGUIFUBTL
XJUIBUNPTUNJOPS
MBQTFTJODPNQMFUFOFTT
*UJTIJHIMZJOUFMMJHJCMF
BOEFYIJCJUTTVTUBJOFE
DPIFSFOUEJTDPVSTF"
SFTQPOTFBUUIJTMFWFMJT
DIBSBDUFSJ[FECZBMMPG
UIFGPMMPXJOH
4QFFDIJTHFOFSBMMZDMFBS
GMVJEBOETVTUBJOFE*UNBZ
JODMVEFNJOPSMBQTFTPS
NJOPSEJGGJDVMUJFTXJUIQSP
OVODJBUJPOPSJOUPOBUJPO
1BDFNBZWBSZBUUJNFTBT
UIFTQFBLFSBUUFNQUTUP
SFDBMMJOGPSNBUJPO0WFSBMM
JOUFMMJHJCJMJUZSFNBJOTIJHI
5IFSFTQPOTFEFNPOTUSBUFT
HPPEDPOUSPMPGCBTJDBOE
DPNQMFYHSBNNBUJDBMTUSVD
UVSFTUIBUBMMPXGPSDPIFS
FOUFGGJDJFOUBVUPNBUJD
FYQSFTTJPOPGSFMFWBOUJEFBT
$POUBJOTHFOFSBMMZFGGFD
UJWFXPSEDIPJDF5IPVHI
TPNFNJOPSPSTZTUFNBUJD
FSSPSTPSJNQSFDJTFVTFNBZ
CFOPUJDFBCMFUIFZEPOPU
SFRVJSFMJTUFOFSFGGPSUPS

PCTDVSFNFBOJOH
5IFSFTQPOTFQSFTFOUTB
DMFBSQSPHSFTTJPOPGJEFBT
BOEDPOWFZTUIFSFMFWBOU
JOGPSNBUJPOSFRVJSFECZUIF
UBTL*UJODMVEFTBQQSPQSJ
BUFEFUBJMUIPVHIJUNBZ
IBWFNJOPSFSSPSTPSNJOPS
PNJTTJPOT
(FOFSBM%FTDSJQUJPO %FMJWFSZ -BOHVBHF6TF 5PQJD%FWFMPQNFOU
4QFBLFSNBLFTOPBUUFNQUUPSFTQPOE03SFTQPOTFJTVOSFMBUFEUPUIFUPQJD
4DPSF





5IFSFTQPOTFJTWFSZMJN
JUFEJODPOUFOUPSDPIFS
FODFPSJTPOMZNJOJNBMMZ
DPOOFDUFEUPUIFUBTL
4QFFDINBZCFMBSHFMZ
VOJOUFMMJHJCMF"SFTQPOTF
BUUIJTMFWFMJTDIBSBDUFS
J[FECZBUMFBTUUXPPG
UIFGPMMPXJOH
$POTJTUFOUQSPOVODJBUJPO
BOEJOUPOBUJPOQSPCMFNT
DBVTFDPOTJEFSBCMFMJT
UFOFSFGGPSUBOEGSFRVFOUMZ

PCTDVSFNFBOJOH%FMJWFSZ
JTDIPQQZGSBHNFOUFEPS
UFMFHSBQIJD4QFFDIDPO
UBJOTGSFRVFOUQBVTFTBOE
IFTJUBUJPOT
3BOHFBOEDPOUSPMPG
HSBNNBSBOEWPDBCVMBSZ
TFWFSFMZMJNJUPSQSFWFOU
FYQSFTTJPOPGJEFBTBOE
DPOOFDUJPOTBNPOHJEFBT
4PNFWFSZMPXMFWFM
SFTQPOTFTNBZSFMZPO
JTPMBUFEXPSETPSTIPSU
VUUFSBODFTUPDPNNVOJ
DBUFJEFBT
5IFSFTQPOTFGBJMTUP
QSPWJEFNVDISFMFWBOU
DPOUFOU*EFBTUIBUBSF
FYQSFTTFEBSFPGUFOJOBD
DVSBUFMJNJUFEUPWBHVF
VUUFSBODFTPSSFQFUJUJPOT
JODMVEJOHSFQFUJUJPOPG
QSPNQU
Copyright © 2005 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved.
TOEFL iBT Test—INTEGRATED
Speaking Rubrics
7
"OFTTBZBUUIJTMFWFMMBSHFMZBDDPNQMJTIFTBMMPGUIFGPMMPXJOH
r FGGFDUJWFMZBEESFTTFTUIFUPQJDBOEUBTL
r JTXFMMPSHBOJ[FEBOEXFMMEFWFMPQFEVTJOHDMFBSMZBQQSPQSJBUFFYQMBOBUJPOTFYFNQMJGJDBUJPOT

BOEPSEFUBJMT
r EJTQMBZTVOJUZQSPHSFTTJPOBOEDPIFSFODF
r EJTQMBZTDPOTJTUFOUGBDJMJUZJOUIFVTFPGMBOHVBHFEFNPOTUSBUJOHTZOUBDUJDWBSJFUZBQQSPQSJBUF
XPSEDIPJDFBOEJEJPNBUJDJUZUIPVHIJUNBZIBWFNJOPSMFYJDBMPSHSBNNBUJDBMFSSPST
4DPSF
 5BTL%FTDSJQUJPO
"OFTTBZBUUIJTMFWFMMBSHFMZBDDPNQMJTIFTBMMPGUIFGPMMPXJOH
r BEESFTTFTUIFUPQJDBOEUBTLXFMMUIPVHITPNFQPJOUTNBZOPUCFGVMMZFMBCPSBUFE
r JTHFOFSBMMZXFMMPSHBOJ[FEBOEXFMMEFWFMPQFEVTJOHBQQSPQSJBUFBOETVGGJDJFOUFYQMBOBUJPOT
FYFNQMJGJDBUJPOTBOEPSEFUBJMT
r EJTQMBZTVOJUZQSPHSFTTJPOBOEDPIFSFODFUIPVHIJUNBZDPOUBJOPDDBTJPOBMSFEVOEBODZ
EJHSFTTJPOPSVODMFBSDPOOFDUJPOT
r EJTQMBZTGBDJMJUZJOUIFVTFPGMBOHVBHFEFNPOTUSBUJOHTZOUBDUJDWBSJFUZBOESBOHFPGWPDBCV
MBSZUIPVHIJUXJMMQSPCBCMZIBWFPDDBTJPOBMOPUJDFBCMFNJOPSFSSPSTJOTUSVDUVSFXPSEGPSNPS
VTFPGJEJPNBUJDMBOHVBHFUIBUEPOPUJOUFSGFSFXJUINFBOJOH
"OFTTBZBUUIJTMFWFMJTNBSLFECZPOFPSNPSFPGUIFGPMMPXJOH
r BEESFTTFTUIFUPQJDBOEUBTLVTJOHTPNFXIBUEFWFMPQFEFYQMBOBUJPOTFYFNQMJGJDBUJPOTBOE
PSEFUBJMT
r EJTQMBZTVOJUZQSPHSFTTJPOBOEDPIFSFODFUIPVHIDPOOFDUJPOPGJEFBTNBZCFPDDBTJPOBMMZ
PCTDVSFE
r NBZEFNPOTUSBUFJODPOTJTUFOUGBDJMJUZJOTFOUFODFGPSNBUJPOBOEXPSEDIPJDFUIBUNBZSFTVMUJO
MBDLPGDMBSJUZBOEPDDBTJPOBMMZPCTDVSFNFBOJOH
r NBZEJTQMBZBDDVSBUFCVUMJNJUFESBOHFPGTZOUBDUJDTUSVDUVSFTBOEWPDBCVMBSZ
"OFTTBZBUUIJTMFWFMNBZSFWFBMPOFPSNPSFPGUIFGPMMPXJOHXFBLOFTTFT
r MJNJUFEEFWFMPQNFOUJOSFTQPOTFUPUIFUPQJDBOEUBTL
r JOBEFRVBUFPSHBOJ[BUJPOPSDPOOFDUJPOPGJEFBT
r JOBQQSPQSJBUFPSJOTVGGJDJFOUFYFNQMJGJDBUJPOTFYQMBOBUJPOTPSEFUBJMTUPTVQQPSUPSJMMVTUSBUF
HFOFSBMJ[BUJPOTJOSFTQPOTFUPUIFUBTL
r BOPUJDFBCMZJOBQQSPQSJBUFDIPJDFPGXPSETPSXPSEGPSNT
r BOBDDVNVMBUJPOPGFSSPSTJOTFOUFODFTUSVDUVSFBOEPSVTBHF

"OFTTBZBUUIJTMFWFMJTTFSJPVTMZGMBXFECZPOFPSNPSFPGUIFGPMMPXJOHXFBLOFTTFT
r TFSJPVTEJTPSHBOJ[BUJPOPSVOEFSEFWFMPQNFOU
r MJUUMFPSOPEFUBJMPSJSSFMFWBOUTQFDJGJDTPSRVFTUJPOBCMFSFTQPOTJWFOFTTUPUIFUBTL
r TFSJPVTBOEGSFRVFOUFSSPSTJOTFOUFODFTUSVDUVSFPSVTBHF
"OFTTBZBUUIJTMFWFMNFSFMZDPQJFTXPSETGSPNUIFUPQJDSFKFDUTUIFUPQJDPSJTPUIFSXJTFOPU
DPOOFDUFEUPUIFUPQJDJTXSJUUFOJOBGPSFJHOMBOHVBHFDPOTJTUTPGLFZTUSPLFDIBSBDUFSTPSJT
CMBOL






Copyright © 2005 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved.
TOEFL iBT Test—INDEPENDENT
Writing Rubrics
8





"SFTQPOTFBUUIJTMFWFMJTHFOFSBMMZHPPEJOTFMFDUJOHUIFJNQPSUBOUJOGPSNBUJPOGSPNUIFMFDUVSF
BOEJODPIFSFOUMZBOEBDDVSBUFMZQSFTFOUJOHUIJTJOGPSNBUJPOJOSFMBUJPOUPUIFSFMFWBOUJOGPSNBUJPO
JOUIFSFBEJOHCVUJUNBZIBWFNJOPSPNJTTJPOJOBDDVSBDZWBHVFOFTTPSJNQSFDJTJPOPGTPNF
DPOUFOUGSPNUIFMFDUVSFPSJODPOOFDUJPOUPQPJOUTNBEFJOUIFSFBEJOH"SFTQPOTFJTBMTPTDPSFE
BUUIJTMFWFMJGJUIBTNPSFGSFRVFOUPSOPUJDFBCMFNJOPSMBOHVBHFFSSPSTBTMPOHBTTVDIVTBHF
BOEHSBNNBUJDBMTUSVDUVSFTEPOPUSFTVMUJOBOZUIJOHNPSFUIBOBOPDDBTJPOBMMBQTFPGDMBSJUZPSJO
UIFDPOOFDUJPOPGJEFBT
"SFTQPOTFBUUIJTMFWFMDPOUBJOTTPNFJNQPSUBOUJOGPSNBUJPOGSPNUIFMFDUVSFBOEDPOWFZTTPNF

SFMFWBOUDPOOFDUJPOUPUIFSFBEJOHCVUJUJTNBSLFECZPOFPSNPSFPGUIFGPMMPXJOH
r "MUIPVHIUIFPWFSBMMSFTQPOTFJTEFGJOJUFMZPSJFOUFEUPUIFUBTLJUDPOWFZTPOMZWBHVFHMPCBM
VODMFBSPSTPNFXIBUJNQSFDJTFDPOOFDUJPOPGUIFQPJOUTNBEFJOUIFMFDUVSFUPQPJOUTNBEF
JOUIFSFBEJOH
r 5IFSFTQPOTFNBZPNJUPOFNBKPSLFZQPJOUNBEFJOUIFMFDUVSF
r 4PNFLFZQPJOUTNBEFJOUIFMFDUVSFPSUIFSFBEJOHPSDPOOFDUJPOTCFUXFFOUIFUXPNBZ
CFJODPNQMFUFJOBDDVSBUFPSJNQSFDJTF
r &SSPSTPGVTBHFBOEPSHSBNNBSNBZCFNPSFGSFRVFOUPSNBZSFTVMUJOOPUJDFBCMZWBHVF
FYQSFTTJPOTPSPCTDVSFENFBOJOHTJODPOWFZJOHJEFBTBOEDPOOFDUJPOT
"SFTQPOTFBUUIJTMFWFMDPOUBJOTTPNFSFMFWBOUJOGPSNBUJPOGSPNUIFMFDUVSFCVUJTNBSLFECZ
TJHOJGJDBOUMBOHVBHFEJGGJDVMUJFTPSCZTJHOJGJDBOUPNJTTJPOPSJOBDDVSBDZPGJNQPSUBOUJEFBTGSPN
UIFMFDUVSFPSJOUIFDPOOFDUJPOTCFUXFFOUIFMFDUVSFBOEUIFSFBEJOHBSFTQPOTFBUUIJTMFWFMJT
NBSLFECZPOFPSNPSFPGUIFGPMMPXJOH
r 5IFSFTQPOTFTJHOJGJDBOUMZNJTSFQSFTFOUTPSDPNQMFUFMZPNJUTUIFPWFSBMMDPOOFDUJPOCFUXFFO
UIFMFDUVSFBOEUIFSFBEJOH
r 5IFSFTQPOTFTJHOJGJDBOUMZPNJUTPSTJHOJGJDBOUMZNJTSFQSFTFOUTJNQPSUBOUQPJOUTNBEFJO
UIFMFDUVSF
r 5IFSFTQPOTFDPOUBJOTMBOHVBHFFSSPSTPSFYQSFTTJPOTUIBUMBSHFMZPCTDVSFDPOOFDUJPOTPS
NFBOJOHBULFZKVODUVSFTPSUIBUXPVMEMJLFMZPCTDVSFVOEFSTUBOEJOHPGLFZJEFBTGPSBSFBEFS
OPUBMSFBEZGBNJMJBSXJUIUIFSFBEJOHBOEUIFMFDUVSF
"SFTQPOTFBUUIJTMFWFMJTNBSLFECZPOFPSNPSFPGUIFGPMMPXJOH
r 5IFSFTQPOTFQSPWJEFTMJUUMFPSOPNFBOJOHGVMPSSFMFWBOUDPIFSFOUDPOUFOUGSPNUIFMFDUVSF
r 5IFMBOHVBHFMFWFMPGUIFSFTQPOTFJTTPMPXUIBUJUJTEJGGJDVMUUPEFSJWFNFBOJOH
"SFTQPOTFBUUIJTMFWFMNFSFMZDPQJFTTFOUFODFTGSPNUIFSFBEJOHSFKFDUTUIFUPQJDPSJTPUIFS
XJTFOPUDPOOFDUFEUPUIFUPQJDJTXSJUUFOJOBGPSFJHOMBOHVBHFDPOTJTUTPGLFZTUSPLFDIBSBDUFST
PSJTCMBOL

"SFTQPOTFBUUIJTMFWFMTVDDFTTGVMMZTFMFDUTUIFJNQPSUBOUJOGPSNBUJPOGSPNUIFMFDUVSFBOEDPIFS
FOUMZBOEBDDVSBUFMZQSFTFOUTUIJTJOGPSNBUJPOJOSFMBUJPOUPUIFSFMFWBOUJOGPSNBUJPOQSFTFOUFEJO
UIFSFBEJOH5IFSFTQPOTFJTXFMMPSHBOJ[FEBOEPDDBTJPOBMMBOHVBHFFSSPSTUIBUBSFQSFTFOUEP

OPUSFTVMUJOJOBDDVSBUFPSJNQSFDJTFQSFTFOUBUJPOPGDPOUFOUPSDPOOFDUJPOT
4DPSF
 5BTL%FTDSJQUJPO
TOEFL iBT Test—INTEGRATED
Writing Rubrics
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