73&+ậ1*+,ầ1&8<+&
.,17+&9076&3&87+1**3
&$%ẩ&6&é1*7ẩ&750<7;ư
7,+ơ*,$1*10
1JX\Q3KQJ+RDYj1JX\QQJ9QJ
7UQJLKF<+j1L
6FSFX~QJYjNSWKLFKRQJLEQKJL~SJLPELQFKQJGLFKQJYjWYRQJ1JKLrQFXP{W
NLQWKFYPWVFSFXWKQJJSFDEiFVWUP\W[mWQK+j*LDQJQPk\OjPWQJKLrQ
FXP{WFWQJDQJWKXWKSVOLXFDWWFEiFVF{QJWiFWLWUP\WWKDPGNKyDWSKXQY
&66.%WKHRQJX\rQOờ<+*.WTXQJKLrQFXFKRWK\WOFyNLQWKF~QJYFSFXQJQJWXQ
KRjQFKW[WUtUQFQGYWQJWKFKQKUDGGj\NKLQJFFP
PiXYWWKQJFQKWVQJF&iFEiFVGLWXLFyWOWUOL~QJFDRKQQKyP
EiFVOQWXLKQYL[WUtGYWQJWKYjSKQYS
%iFVƭQDPJLͳLFyNL͗QWKFÿ~QJY͙[΅WUt
J̓\[́˿QJFDRK˿QQKyPEiFVƭQ·VRS
.L͗QWKFY͙PͱWVͩF̽SFXWḰ͵QJJ͏SFͿD
FiFEiFVƭFzQẂ˿QJÿͩLWK̽S&̿QFyFiFNKyDÿjRW̹Rÿ͛QkQJFDRNL͗QWKFF̽SFXFKREiFVƭW̹LWU̹P\W͗
Y͙V˿F̽SFXEDQÿ̿X
7ӯNKyDNLӃQWKӭFFҩSFӭXWUҥP\WӃEiFVƭ
,ĈҺ79Ҩ1Ĉӄ
7UҥP\WӃ[mOjÿѫQYӏÿҫXWLrQWLӃS[~FYӟL
EӋQK QKkQ QѫL ÿҧP QKұQ WUiFK QKLӋP [ӱ Oê
EDQÿҫXFiFYҩQÿӅVӭFNKӓHFӫDQJѭӡLGkQ
ӣFӝQJÿӗQJ7URQJFiFWKӡLNǤWUҥP\WӃ[m
ӣ9LӋW1DPOX{QÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKOjQӅQWҧQJÿӇ
WKӵFKLӋQF{QJWiF&66.%Ĉ7URQJWKӡLJLDQ
TXD ĈҧQJ Yj 1Kj QѭӟF ÿm EDQ KjQK QKLӅX
FKtQK ViFK YӅ WjL FKtQK FKR \ WӃ Fѫ Vӣ QyL
FKXQJ Yj WUҥP \ WӃ [m QyL ULrQJ 7URQJ WKӵF
KjQK OkP VjQJ EiF Vƭ F{QJ WiF WҥL WUҥP \ WӃ
SKҧLWLӃSQKұQYj[ӱWUtQJѭӡLEӋQKWURQJWuQK
WUҥQJFҩSFӭXӣEҩWNuWKӡLÿLӇPQjRYӟLQKLӅX
PӭF ÿӝ NKiF QKDX 9u Yұ\ FiF EiF Vƭ F{QJ
WiF WҥL WUҥP \ WӃ Fy NLӃQ WKӭF YӅ QJX\rQ WҳF
[ӱ WUt FҩS FӭX EDQ ÿҫX Yj WKӵF KjQK [ӱ WUt
7iFJL̻OLrQK͟1JX\͝QĈăQJ9·QJ
7Ú͵QJĈ̹LKͥF<+j1ͱL
(PDLOQJX\HQGDQJYXQJ#KPXHGXYQ
1Jj\QKͅQ
1Jj\ÿ́ͻFFK̽SQKͅQ
TCNCYH 138 (2) - 2021
ÿ~QJVӁJLҧPWӹOӋWӱYRQJJLҧPELӃQFKӭQJ
DQWRjQNKLYұQFKX\ӇQEӋQKQKkQYjWҥRÿLӅX
NLӋQWKXұQOӧLFKRYLӋFÿLӅXWUӏFKX\rQVkXWLӃS
WKHRQӃXFҫQ17X\QKLrQFKҩWOѭӧQJQKkQOӵF
\ WӃ ÿһF ELӋW Oj ӣ WX\ӃQ [m WURQJ FKҭQ ÿRiQ
Yj[ӱWUtPӝWVӕEӋQKYjFҩSFӭXWKѭӡQJJһS
FzQKҥQFKӃYӟLQKLӅXQJX\rQQKkQNKiFQKDX
QKѭ NLӃQ WKӭF FKX\rQ P{Q NK{QJ FұS QKұW
NKҧ QăQJ ÿiQK JLi WuQK KXӕQJ FKѭD FDR Nӻ
QăQJ WKӵF KjQK OkP VjQJ FzQ \ӃX2 0ӝW Vӕ
QJKLrQ FӭX ÿm FKR WKҩ\ NLӃQ WKӭF YӅ PӝW Vӕ
EӋQKWKѭӡQJJһSFӫDEiFVƭӣWX\ӃQ\WӃFѫ
Vӣ QJD\ ӣ NKX YӵF Q{QJ WK{Q ÿӗQJ EҵQJ
YүQFKѭDÿiSӭQJÿѭӧFQKXFҫXNKiPFKӳD
EӋQK WҥL FӝQJ ÿӗQJ *LҧL SKiS ѭX WLrQ FKR
YҩQ ÿӅ Qj\ FKtQK Oj YLӋF FӫQJ Fӕ NLӃQ WKӭF
Yj Nӻ QăQJ FҩS FӭX FKR EiF Vƭ WX\ӃQ Fѫ Vӣ
WURQJ ÿy EѭӟF ÿL ÿҫX WLrQ Oj FҫQ ÿiQK JLi
WKӵFWUҥQJNLӃQWKӭFFӫDFiFEiFVƭQKXFҫX
ÿjR WҥR ÿӇ [k\ GӵQJ FKѭѫQJ WUuQK WұS KXҩQ
ÿѭӧF SK KӧS +j *LDQJ Oj PӝW WӍQK PLӅQ
7Ҥ3&+Ë1*+,Ç1&Ӭ8<+Ӑ&
Q~LWKHRÿLӅXWUDGkQVӕQăPOj
QJѭӡL 7URQJ ÿy GkQ Vӕ WKjQK WKӏ Oj
QJѭӡL FKLӃP NKRҧQJ GkQ Vӕ
&iF GkQ
WӝF 0{QJ FKLӃP
7j\
'DR
9LӋW
1QJ
&ҧ WӍQK
+j*LDQJFyWUҥP\WӃ[mYӟLFyEiF
Vƭ F{QJ WiF7X\ ÿm Fy QKӳQJ FҧL WKLӋQ WURQJ
F{QJWiF[yDÿyLJLҧPQJKqRQKѭQJÿӡLVӕQJ
FӫDQJѭӡLGkQYүQFzQNKyNKăQ5
9uYұ\QJKLrQFӭXQj\ÿѭӧFWKӵFKLӋQYӟL
PөF WLrX 0{ Wҧ NLӃQ WKӭF YӅ PӝW Vӕ FҩS FӭX
WKѭӡQJJһSFӫDEiFVӻÿDNKRDF{QJWiFӣWUҥP
\WӃ[mWҥLWӍQK+j*LDQJQăPYjPӝWVӕ
\ӃXWӕOLrQTXDQ
,,ĈӔ,7ѬӦ1*9¬3+ѬѪ1*3+È3
ĈӕLWѭӧQJ
&iF EiF Vƭ ÿD NKRD F{QJ WiF WҥL 7<7 [m
SKѭӡQJWURQJQJKLrQFӭXQj\JӑLOjWUҥP\WӃ
[m
FӫD+j*LDQJ
3KѭѫQJSKiS
7KL͗WN͗QJKLrQFX1JKLrQFӭXP{WҧFҳW
QJDQJ
ĈͣD ÿL͛P Yj WK͵L JLDQ QJKLrQ FX 1JKLrQ
FӭXÿѭӧFWLӃQKjQKWҥLWӍQK+j*LDQJQăP
0̓XQJKLrQFX&KӑQWҩWFҧEiFVƭÿDNKRD
WKDPGӵNKyDWұSKXҩQ&66.%ĈWKHRQJX\rQ
Ot < KӑF JLD ÿuQK WҥL WӍQK +j *LDQJ WURQJ QăP
7әQJVӕFyEiFVƭWKDPJLDQJKLrQ
FӭXWURQJWәQJVӕEiFVƭF{QJWiFWҥL
WUҥP\WӃ[mSKѭӡQJFӫDWӍQK+j*LDQJ
7KXWKͅSVͩOL͟X&{QJFөQJKLrQFӭXOjEӝ
FkXKӓLSKӓQJYҩQ&iFEiFVƭVӁWӵWUҧOӡLEҵQJ
FiFKÿLӅQWK{QJWLQÿӇKRjQWKjQKEӝFkXKӓL
FiF FkX KӓL WKXӝF ORҥL WUҳF QJKLӋP 0&4 WUrQ
JLҩ\ &iF EiF Vƭ KRjQ WKjQK FkX KӓL GѭӟL Vӵ
JLiPViWFӫDQJKLrQFӭXYLrQ
&iFFkXWUҧOӡLÿѭӧFÿiQKJLiOjÿ~QJGӵD
YjR ÿiS iQ FӫD WӯQJ FkX ÿm ÿѭӧF FiF JLҧQJ
YLrQFӫDNKyDWұSKXҩQWKXӝF'ӵiQ+3(7±%ӝ
\WӃ[k\GӵQJ
&iFELӃQVӕQJKLrQFӭXEDRJӗPFiFWK{QJ
WLQ ÿһF ÿLӇP ÿӕL WѭӧQJ QJKLrQ FӭX WXәL JLӟL
WKkPQLrQF{QJWiF
NLӃQWKӭFYӅPӝWVӕFҩS
FӭXQJӯQJWXҫQKRjQSKҧQYӋÿLӋQJLұWÿXӕL
QѭӟFGӏYұWÿѭӡQJWKӣJm\[ѭѫQJ«
;ӱOêVӕOLӋX
6ӕOLӋXÿѭӧFOjPVҥFKPmKyDYjÿѭӧFQKұS
SKkQWtFKEҵQJSKҫQPӅP63667tQKWRiQ
WҫQ VXҩW Wӹ OӋ SKҫQ WUăP JLi WUӏ WUXQJ EuQK ÿӝ
OӋFKFKXҭQWӹVXҩWFKrQK25
&,7HVW.KL
EuQKSKѭѫQJȤ2
ÿѭӧFVӱGөQJÿӇVRViQKVӵ
NKiFELӋWFӫDFiFWӹOӋ)LVKHU¶VH[DFWWHVWÿѭӧF
VӱGөQJWKD\WKӃNKLFyJLiWUӏNuYӑQJ
3KkQ
WtFKKӗLTX\ÿDELӃQ/RJLVWLFÿӇSKkQWtFKPӝWVӕ
\ӃXWӕOLrQTXDQ7URQJSKkQWtFKÿDELӃQPӭFÿӝ
NLӃQWKӭFÿ~QJFKLDOjPQKyPNLӃQWKӭFÿ~QJ
ÿ~QJFkXKӓL
YjNLӃQWKӭFÿ~QJ
ÿ~QJFkXKӓL
&iFELӃQÿӝFOұSOjWXәLJLӟL
YjWKkPQLrQF{QJWiF
ĈҥRÿӭFQJKLrQFӭX
1JKLrQ FӭX ÿѭӧF Vӵ ÿӗQJ ê FӫD %DQ Wә
FKӭFNKyDWұSKXҩQYjVӣ\WӃ+j*LDQJ&iF
ÿӕLWѭӧQJWKDPJLDQJKLrQFӭXÿѭӧFJLҧLWKtFK
YӅPөFÿtFKÿLӅXWUDQӝLGXQJWK{QJWLQFҫQWKX
WKұS Wӵ QJX\ӋQ ÿӗQJ ê WKDP JLD &iF WK{QJ
WLQ WKX ÿѭӧF ÿѭӧF JLӳ Et PұW Yj FKӍ ÿѭӧF Vӱ
GөQJ SKөF Yө FKR PөF ÿtFK QJKLrQ FӭX .ӃW
TXҧQJKLrQFӭXÿѭӧFSKҧQKӗLYӟLQKyPJLҧQJ
YLrQEDQWәFKӭFYjFiFErQOLrQTXDQ
,,,.ӂ748Ҧ
ĈһFÿLӇPFKXQJFӫDÿӕLWѭӧQJWKDPJLDQJKLrQFӭX
7URQJVӕEiFVƭWURQJQJKLrQFӭXQDPJLӟLFKLӃPFDRKѫQVӕEiFVƭOjQӳJLӟL
TCNCYH 138 (2) - 2021
7Ҥ3&+Ë1*+,Ç1&Ӭ8<+Ӑ&
%ҧQJ0ӝWVӕÿһFÿLӇPFKXQJFӫDÿӕLWѭӧQJQJKLrQFӭX
ĈһFÿLӇPFKXQJ
1KyPWXͭL
6ӕOѭӧQJ
7ӹOӋ
WXәL
WXәL
7XͭLWUXQJEuQK;6'
QăP
7KkPQLrQF{QJWiF
QăP
72
QăP
7KkPQLrQF{QJWiF;6'
QăP
7URQJVӕEiFVƭWXәLWUXQJEuQKOj7KkPQLrQF{QJWiFWUXQJEuQKFӫDEiFVƭOj
6ӕ%6FyWKkPQLrQF{QJWiFWӯWӯQăPWUӣOrQFKLӃP
.L͗QWKFY͙PͱWVͩF̽SFXWḰ͵QJJ͏SFͿDFiFEiFVƭÿDNKRD
%LӇXÿӗ7ӹOӋWUҧOӡLÿ~QJYӅPӝWVӕFҩSFӭXWKѭӡQJJһS
&iFEiFVƭWҥL7<7[mFyNLӃQWKӭFWѭѫQJÿӕLNKiÿӕLYӟLPӝWVӕFҩSFӭXWKѭӡQJJһSWҥLFӝQJ
ÿӗQJ Wӹ OӋ WUҧ OӡL ÿ~QJ WѭѫQJ ÿӕL FDR QKѭ FҩS FӭX EӋQK QKkQ Eӏ ÿLӋQ JLұW
ÿXӕL QѭӟF
EӓQJQKLӋW
Yj[ӱWUtSKҧQYӋ
YұQFKX\ӇQQJѭӡLEӋQKDQWRjQ
7X\QKLrQPӝWVӕFҩSFӭXNKiFFyWӹOӋWUҧOӡLÿ~QJFzQWKҩSQKѭFKӍÿӏQKUӱDGҥGj\FKREӋQK
QKkQEӏQJӝÿӝFÿѭӡQJWLrXKyD