Tài liệu UNIT 4: A''''DAY WORK doc

UNIT FOUR
A DAY’S WORK
1 LISTENING

VOCABULARY:

IN THE KNOW:
A stock trader buys and sells stocks and shares for investment purposes.
Wall Street is the financial center of New York and the location of the New York Stock
Exchange. This is probably on of the best-known stock exchanges and represents companies form
all over the United States, no just New York.
Costume Designer works in the theater of movies and designs the clothes actors wear, whereas a
fashion designer designs clothes for people outside the theater or cinema.
A tollbooth worker works in a very small building, called a booth, where drivers have to pay to
drive on a road. The money that drivers pay is called a toll.
1. occupation /Okju
/
peISn/ (n): [count or uncount] a job. This word is used especially on
forms and in formal writing: nghề nghiệp
Please give your name, address, and occupation: Xin cho biết tên, đòa chỉ, và
nghề nghiệp của bạn.
2. reporter /
rI
/
pc:tC
/ (n): someone whose job is to write articles or make broadcasts about
events in the news: phóng viên, phát thanh viên
3. pilot /
/
paIlCt
/ (n) someone who flies an aircraft: phi công

He’s training to be an airline pilot: Anh ta đang rèn luyện để trở thanh một phi
công.
4. mail carrier: (n) someone whose job is to deliver mail: người đưa thư
5. detective /
dI
/
tektIv
/ (n): a police officer whose job is to try to discover information about
a crime so that the criminal can be caught: thám tử
6. to be sick of: ngán ngẫm, chán ngấy
7. to get / be used to: (phrasal verb) familiar with something because you have often experienced
it before, so it no longer seems difficult or strange: quen với việc gì đó
Deborah was used to working on difficult assignments: Deborah đã quen với
những công việc nặng nhọc.
It took weeks to get used to having someone else around: Phải mất nhiều tuần
để quen với việc có ai đó bên cạnh mình.
8. like /
laIk/ (adj): similar to someone or something else, or in a similar way to someone or
something else:
It was a small animal like a rat: Đó là một loài động vật nhỏ giống như là
chuột.
9. typical /
/
tIpIkl
/ (adj): like most things of the same type: điển hình
It’s a typical working-class community: Đây là công đồng giai cấp lao động
điển hình.
10. discount /
/
dIskaUnt

/ (n): a reduction in the price of something: chiết khấu, giảm
giá
Bus and train discounts are available for people over 60.: Những người trên 60
tuổi được giảm giá xe buýt và xe lửa.
11. rude /
ru:d/ (adj): not polite: thô lỗ, bất lòch sự, khiếm nhã
He is a very rude man: Hắn là một người rất thô lỗ.
12. circus performer: [count] a group of people, and usually animals, that travels from place to
place and entertains people by performing skillful or funny movements and tricks: diễn viên
xiếc
13. mechanic /
mC
/
kAnIk
/ (n): [count] someone whose job is to repair vehicles and machines:
thợ máy
14. stock trader: buys and sells stocks and shares for investment purposes: nhân viên giao dch
chng khốn
15. costume designer: works in the theater or movies and designs the clothes actors wear,
whereas a fashion designer designs clothes for people outside the theater or cinema: thiết kế
phục trang
16. tollbooth /
/
tCUlbu:D
/ (n): a small building where drivers pay to use a particular bridge or
road: trạm thu phí cầu đường

2. FOCUS ON GRAMMAR
VOCABULARY:
1. mind /

maInd/ (n): [intransitive or transitive usually in negatives or questions] to feel
annoyed, upset, or unhappy about something: để ý, quan tâm, phiền
I don’t mind the heat (=the heat is not a problem to me): Tôi không sợ nóng.
2. look forward to: (phrasal verb) look forward to something to feel happy and excited about
something that is going to happen: mong đợi, mong chờ
He had worked hard and was looking forward to his retirement: Ông ấy làm việc
chăm chỉ và mong đợi đến ngày về hưu.
3. paper /
/
peIpC
/ (n): [count] a newspaper: báo
He sat down and read the paper: Anh ta ngồi xuống và đọc báo.
4. editor /
/
edItC
/ (n): someone whose job is to be in charge of a newspaper or magazine:
biên tập
the editor of the Los Angeles Times: biên tập của tờ Thời báo Los Angeles.
5. employee /
Im
/
plcIi:
/ (n): someone who is paid regularly to work for a person or an
organization: nhân viên
Their employees worked a ten-hour day: Các nhân viên của họ làm việc 10
tiếng.
6. disappointed /
dIsC
/
pcIntId

/ (adj): unhappy because something you hoped for or
expected did not happen or because someone or something was not as good as you expected:
thất vọng
7. offer /
/
OfC
/ (n): [intransitive or transitive] to let someone know that you are willing to do
something for them: đề nghò
Actually, Jen’s giving me a lift home – but thanks for offering: Thật sự Jen sẽ tôi
về nhà – nhưng tôi từ chối.
8. paycheck /
/
peItSek
/ (n): the amount of money that you earn in your job: tiền lương
I’d like a job with a nice big paycheck!: Tôi thích công việc lương cao.

LANGUAGE NOTE: In English, the word infinitive is commonly used to mean to + base
form of the verb, as in to work. In some cases, however, the base form of the verb without to is
also referred to as an infinitive. This is true especially in causative structures such as We made
him do the job. The word do in this sentence is called an infinitive.

3. VOCABULARY
VOCABULARY:
1. title /
/
taItl
/ (n): a name for someone’s job within a company or an organization: chức
danh,
2. software /
/

sOftweC
/ (n): the programs used by computers for doing particular jobs:
word-processing software: phần mềm
3. marketing /
/
mo:kItIN
/ (n): the ways in which a company encourages people to buy its
products by deciding on price, type of customer, and advertising policy: tiếp thò
the company’s new director of marketing: giám đốc tiếp thò mới của công ty
4. designer /
dI
/
zaInC
/ (n): someone whose job is to decide how to make things or decide
their shape or appearance: nhà thiết kế
a fashion designer: nhà thiết kế thời trang
5. representative /
reprI
/
zentCtIv
/ (n): someone who has been chosen or elected by a
person or group to vote, give opinions, or make decisions for them: đại biể, người đại diện
a political representative: một đại biểu chính trò
6. service /
/
sE:vIs
/ (n): [uncount] help and advice given to customers in a store, hotel, or
business: dòch vụ
7. customer /
/

kVstCmC
/ (n): a person or company that buys goods or services: khách hàng
Supermarkets use a variety of tactics to attract and retain customers: Các siêu thò
đang áp dụng nhiều chiến lược để thu hút và giữ khách hàng.
8. graphics /
/
grAfIks
/ (n): pictures produced by computers: đồ họa vi tính
the pictures in a document, magazine, etc. A single picture is sometimes called a graphic.
9. clerk /
/
klo:k
/ (n): AMERICAN someone whose job is to welcome guests to a hotel and
provide them with information and other services: tiếp tân
10. supervisor /
/
su:pCvaIzC
/ (n): someone who is in charge of an activity, a place, or a
group of people such as workers or students: giám sát viên.
11. insurance /
In
/
SUCrCns/ (n): [uncount] an arrangement in which you regularly pay an
insurance company an amount of money so that they will give you money if something you own
is damaged, lost, or stolen, or if you die or are sick or injured: bảo hiểm
12. salesperson /
/
seIlzpE:sn
/ (n): someone whose job is to sell the products or services of a
particular company, especially by traveling to different places: nhân viên bán hàng

4. LANGUAGE IN ACTION
VOCABULARY:
1. has something to do: have something to do with
used for saying that something is related to something else, especially when you do not know or
do not give the exact details: được sử dụng khi đề cập đến một việc gì đó có
liên quan đến một việc, đặc biệt là khi bạn không biết hoặc không đưa ra
chi tiết chính xác
I can’t always open my e-mails – it has something to do with the type of attachment they
come with. : Không phải lúc nào tôi cũng mở e-mail được – vì các loại file gửi kèm
hay có vấn đề gì đó.
2. a kind of: [count] a type of person or thing: hầu như, hồ như, lọai người, thứ
kind of: What kind of person is she? Cô ta là loại người như thế nào?
3. that kind of thing: việc đó
She doesn’t find that kind of thing funny: Cô ta không nhận thấy điều đó
thật buồn cười.
4. something like that: ...or something (like that/of the sort) used for referring to any of a group
of things or possibilities without being specific: tương tư như vậy
We should at least call or something and make sure she’s all right.
5. and that kind of thing: và điều đó
6. and things like that: và những việc tương tự như thế
7. and so on / forth: used instead of mentioning more of a similar type of thing that has already
been mentioned: vân vân
8. analyst /
/
AnClIst
/ (n): someone whose job is to carefully examine a situation, event, etc. in
order to provide other people with information about it: nhà phân tích
9. sales /
seIlz/ (n): [plural] the total number of things that a company sells within a particular

period of time, or the money it earns by selling things: doanh số
We hope to increase sales this year to $50 million: Chúng tôi hi vọng tăng doanh
số bán ra lên 50 tỉ đô la.
10. consultant /
kOn
/
sVltCnt
/ (n): an expert or a professional person whose job is to give
help and advice on a particular subject: nhà tư vấn
a design consultant: một nhà tư vấn thiết kế

5. WRITING - SPEAKING
VOCABULARY:
1. unpleasant /
Vn
/
pleZnt/ (n): if something is unpleasant, you do not like or enjoy it: khó
chòu
The smell was very unpleasant: Cái mùi này rất khó chòu.
2. aspect /
/
Aspekt
/ (n): [count] a particular part, feature, or quality of something: đặc
điểm, khía cạnh
aspect of: a system of rules that covers almost every aspect of their lives: hệ thống
qui luật bao gồm tất cả các khía cạnh của đời sống
3. irregular /
I
/
regjulC

/ (n): separated by periods of time that are not equal: không đều,
bất thường
irregular heartbeats: nhòp tim bất thường
4. programmer /
/
grCUgrAmC
/ (n): someone whose job is to create computer programs: lập
trình viên
5. deadline /
/
dedlaIn
/ (n): a specific time or date by which you have to do something: thời
hạn cuối cùng, hạn chót
miss a deadline: lỡ thờihạn cuối cùng
deadline for: The deadline for applications was last Friday: Hạn chót để nộp đơn
là thứ Sáu tuần sau.
6. grateful /
/
greItfl
/ (n): feeling that you want to thank someone because they have given
you something or done something for you: biết ơn
Thanks for coming with me. I’m really grateful: Cám ơn đã đến với tôi. Tôi
thật sự biết ơn.
grateful for: I’m very grateful for all your help with the party.
7. candidate /
/
kAndIdeIt
/ (n): one of the people competing for a job: ứng viên, người
xin việc
The candidate must demonstrate good communication skills: Người xin việc phải

thể hiện kỹ năng giao tiếp tốt.
8. benefit /
/
benIfIt
/ (n): [count usually plural] extra money or other advantages that you get
in addition to your salary from your employer as part of your job: lợi ích
The discovery of oil brought many benefits to the town
.: Việc phát hiện ra
dầu đã đem lại nhiều nguồn lợi cho thò xã.
9. balance /
/
bAlCns
/ (n): [transitive] to create or preserve a good or correct balance between
different features or aspects: cân bằng, giữ thăng bằng
10. inspiring /In
/
spaICrIN/ (a): making you feel enthusiastic or excited about something:
làm nhiệt tình, gây hứng thú
11. assignment /
C
/
saInmCnt/ (n): work that you must do as part of a course of study or as
part of your job: công việc

6. LISTENING
VOCABULARY:
1. hardship /
/
ho:dSIp
/ (n): a situation in which life is very difficult, usually because you do

not have enough money: khổ cực, khó nhọc
2. seaman /
/
si:mCn
/ (n): a man who is a sailor, especially one who is not an officer: thủy
thủ
3. cowgirl /
/
kaUgE:l
/ (n): a woman whose job is to take care of cows on a RANCH in the
U.S.: cô gái chăn bò
4. outdoors /
aUt
/
dc:z
/ (n): not in a building: OUTSIDE: ở bên ngoài
Their cat lives mainly outdoors: Con mèo của họ chủ yếu sống ở ngòai..
5. range /
reIndZ/ (n): [count] a large area of land on a farm where cows or other animals are
kept: trang trại
6. in search of: an attempt to find something: tìm kiếm
in search of something (=looking for something): Many people had left their homes to
go in search of food: Nhiều người đã rời bỏ nhà cửa, ra đi tìm kế sinh
nhai.
7. rank /
rANk/ (n): [transitive] to put someone or something into a position according to their
success, importance, size, etc.: xếp hạng, xếp loại
Nomura is now ranked third among the world’s information services companies:
Nomura hiện nay được xếp thứ ba trong số các công ty dòch vụ thông tin
trên thế giới.

8. desirable /
dI
/
ZaICrCbl
/ (n): something that is desirable has qualities that make you want
it: đáng có, được mong muốn
a desirable place to live: một nơi ở đáng khao khát
9. stressful /
/
stresfl
/ (n): involving or causing a lot of pressure or worry: gây ra căng
thẳng
My new job is much less stressful: Công việc mới của tôi ít căng thẳng hơn
nhiều.
10. fisherman /
/
fISCmCn
/ (n): a man who catches fish for fun or as his job: ngư dân,
người câu cá

7. IN CONVERSATION
VOCABULARY:
1. show /
SCU/ (n): [count] a performance, especially in a theater: buổi trình diễn
She had tickets to see the new show at the Winter Garden: Cô ta có vé để xem
buổi trình diễn mới ở Winter Garden.
2. disaster /
dI
/
zo:stC

/ (n): something very bad that happens and causes a lot of damage or
kills a lot of people: tai họa, sự thất bại
A series of disasters forced the company to close down: Hàng lọat những thất bại
khiến cho công ty phá sản.
3. freedom /
/
fri:dCm
/ (n): [uncount] the right to do what you want, make your own
decisions, and express your own opinions: sự tự do
freedom to do something: My parents gave me total freedom to do whatever I liked: Cha mẹ
tôi cho tôi hoàn tòan tự do làm điều tôi thích.
4. security /
sI
/
kjUCrCtI
/ (n): safety from attack, harm, or damage: an ninh
5. generalize /
/
dZenrClaIz
/ (n): [intransitive] to make a statement or remark about a group
of people or things without going into any detail: nói chung chung, khái quát hóa
6. roofing /
/
ru:fIN
/ (n): material used for making or repairing the roofs of buildings: vật
liệu dùng cho các mái nhà
7. plus /plVs/ (n): used when mentioning an additional thing or fact: cùng với