Tài liệu Toefl cbt book part 22 docx

3.
The precursor to his work was a trilogy
about the three male characters in their
youths.
A. author
B. criticism
C. predecessor
D. sequel
4.
The adhesive qualities of this new
substance far surpass those of all others
of its type.
A. cohesive
B. dissolving
C. disintegrating
D. damaging
5.
Efforts to revive the large mammal
were fruitless.
A. induce
B. eliminate
C. resuscitate
D. move
6.
An Alzheimer patient’s
incomprehensible
ramblings will
frequently upset family members, who
may take the statements personally.
A. rude
B. personal

C. loud
D. unintelligible
7.
Educators have made great strides in
recent years in combating the ignorance
of the nation’s young about AIDS.
A. unawareness
B. fearlessness
C. arrogance
D. indoctrination
8.
The use of colorful and complicated
arrangements of perennial
plants in
borders, as opposed to beds, stems from
the grand gardens of the Victorian and
Edwardian times.
A. beautiful
B. enduring
C. short
D. fast-growing
9.
Only aggressive species of small animal
life are likely to survive in the rough
waters near shallow coral reefs.
A. marine
B. strong
C. a few
D. passive
10 .

A common cause of dysentery is the use
of untreated water in the preparation of
foods, which is quite common in certain
underdeveloped countries.
A. displeasure
B. malnutrition
C. eupepsia
D. bowel infection
11.
A defense attorney’s role is not only to
achieve exculpation
for his or her client,
but also to reduce the risk of lengthy
incarceration.
A. dishonor
B. acquittal
C. mortification
D. elation
190
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12 .
Submarine terrain is much like the terrain
we know, with valleys, mountains,
ridges, and even volcanoes.
A. Battleship
B. Rough
C. Desert
D. Underwater
13 .

Vultures will wait and watch patiently
for a moribund
animal to pass away.
A. disheveled
B. dying
C. gregarious
D. valiant
14 .
Dissection is a requirement of many
high school and college biology classes,
but many students do not find it
enjoyable.
A. The study of frogs
B. Anatomization
C. Oral speech
D. Division
15 .
The purpose of environmental water
retention areas is to slow down the
permeation
of water into the soil in
order to reduce harmful chemicals
reaching the groundwater and
waterways.
A. dissipation
B. fermentation
C. infiltration
D. evaporation
16 .
Some marine animals don’t have fins

that move but propel
themselves by
moving their tails and bodies from side
to side.
A. advance
B. protect
C. disguise
D. submerge
17.
The symptoms caused by ingestion of a
harmful chemical must be counteracted
within minutes in order to avoid
permanent damage to the kidneys and
other vital organs.
A. alleviated
B. increased
C. distributed
D. summed up
18 .
New materials for gauze that doesn’t
adhere
to a wound have recently been
developed.
A. infect
B. injure
C. stick
D. allow air
19 .
Many companies apply raises
retroactively

to the employee’s
anniversary date if the performance
review isn’t completed at the correct
time.
A. dating back
B. in the future
C. compounding
D. currently
191
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20.
An employer must be very careful in
dealing with subordinates
and
documenting their files in order to avoid
complaints.
A. coordinators
B. employees
C. bosses
D. outside help
21.
Strictures of vessels that take blood to
and from the heart can be treated by a
new dilation technique called balloon
angioplasty.
A. Perforations
B. Expansions
C. Explosions
D. Closures

22.
Chicken pox results in an eruption on
the skin and can leave permanent marks
on the skin in some cases.
A. rash
B. hole
C. erosion
D. division
23.
Film producers now have the ability to
reproduce vivid
colors as the result of
new technology.
A. angry
B. drab
C. brilliant
D. conflicting
24.
Predators devour their prey with no
hesitation or compassion.
A. eat
B. torture
C. play with
D. attack
25.
Internal bleeding is often hard to detect
and usually is the result of a perforation
in some organ.
A. puncture
B. malfunction

C. diminishment
D. deformity
26.
When divers venture to great depths
under the sea, they carry a variety of
equipment, including strong lights to
permeate
the dark water.
A. electrify
B. pass through
C. detect
D. enhance
27.
Many countries and tourist areas have
tourist bureaus that disseminate
free
information about lodging, restaurants,
and recreational areas.
A. distribute
B. sell
C. collect
D. categorize
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Answers
193
Reading
28.
Emissaries sent to meet with

kidnappers often are seen as the
enemy and may well find their
own lives in danger.
A. Journalists
B. Professors
C. Refugees
D. Messengers
29.
It’s incomprehensible to a
nonaddict that an illicit drug can
control the life of a young abuser.
A. obvious
B. understandable
C. imperative
D. unfathomable
30.
Salt has been used for centuries
as a method of preserving
foods.
A. displaying
B. cooking
C. conserving
D. seasoning
1.
B
2.
D
3.
C
4.

A
5.
C
6.
D
7.
A
8.
B
9.
B
10 .
D
11.
B
12 .
D
13 .
B
14 .
B
15 .
C
16 .
A
17.
A
18 .
C
19 .

A
20.
B
21.
D
22.
A
23.
C
24.
A
25.
A
26.
B
27.
A
28.
D
29.
D
30.
C
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Locating Referents
A referent is the noun or noun phrase to which a pronoun refers, and it’s a com-
mon item on the TOEFL test. Sometimes the antecedent is contained in the same
sentence as the pronoun, and sometimes it’s contained in a previous sentence.
Following are examples of this type of question.
The antibiotic has long been used for fighting serious infection, but it

is
virtually ineffective against the simple virus.
The word it refers to antibiotic. Antibiotic is the subject of the first clause, and it
is the subject of the second clause.
Physicians have long used the antibiotic for fighting serious infection, but it
is virtually ineffective against the simple virus.
The word it again refers to antibiotic. It cannot refer to Physicians, because it is sin-
gular and Physicians is plural. Antibiotic is the only singular noun in the first clause.
Physicians have long used antibiotics for fighting serious infection, but they
are virtually ineffective against the simple virus.
In this example, antibiotic has been changed to the plural antibiotics. As a result,
it may be more difficult to discern the referent of they. But given the context of
the sentence, the referent of they is antibiotics, not Physicians.
Physicians have long used the antibiotic for fighting serious infection, but
they
acknowledge that it’s virtually ineffective against the simple virus.
In this example, the pronoun they refers to the Physicians, because they is the
subject of the verb acknowledge.
A number of stockholders have abandoned this company as the result of poor
publicity, but some
stick with it no matter what.
Some in this sentence refers to some stockholders. Consider the verb that falls af-
ter some; it’s clear that stick must refer to people, and stockholders are the only
people mentioned in the sentence.
The government has argued that this company is a monopoly and must be di-
vided into two separate companies, with a restriction against the founders’
owning stock in more than one
.
One in this sentence refers to one company. The passage talks about two compa-
nies and then uses the word one.

The government has argued that this company is a monopoly and must be di-
vided into two separate companies. The documents it has filed also suggest a
restriction against the founders’ owning stock in more than one
.
In this example, even though the antecedent is in a prior sentence, it’s clear that
the word one again refers to company.
194
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