Reported speech

<span class='text_page_counter'>(1)</span>CÁCH ĐỔI SANG CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT (REPORTED SPEECH) I. Đổi đại từ: 1. Ngôi thứ nhất đổi sang ngôi thứ ba tương ứng với chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề chính: DIRECT REPORTED I He / She My His / her Me Him / her Myself Himself / herself We They Our Their Us Them Ourselves Themselves 2. Ngôi thứ hai đổi ra một ngôi nào đó để cùng một ngôi với tân ngữ trong mệnh đề chính: 3. Ngôi thứ ba giữ nguyên không đổi: Ex: - She said, “he is my English teacher.” - She said he was her English teacher. II. Đổi thì của động từ: (lùi thì) Trực tiếp 1. Simple present: S + V1, Vs, Ves…... 2. Present continuous: S + am, is , are + Ving….. 3. Present perfect: S + have, has + V3, Ved. 4. Simple past: S + V2, Ved ……. 6. Will Can May Must Must not. Gián tiếp 1. Simple past: S + V2, Ved…….. Ví dụ He said, “I feel sick.” He said he felt sick.. 2. Past continuous: S + was, were + Ving.... He said, “I am writing a letter.” He said he was writing a letter.. 3. Past perfect: S + had + V3,Ved. He said, “I have seen that film”. He said he had seen that film.. 4. Past perfect: S + had + V3, Ved. 6. Would Could Might Had to Was not to / Were not to. III. Đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn và từ chỉ định:. She said,” I bought it in 1980.” She said she had bought it in 1980.. He said, “I will go to Japan in July.” He said he would go to Japan …..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(2)</span> Trực tiếp. Gián tiếp. Today That day Tonight That night Yesterday The day before Last night / week / year / month … The night before / the week before … Next week / year … The following week / the following year … Now Then Ago Before Here There This That These Those Tomorrow The following day IV. Các dạng câu: 1. Đối với câu khẳng định: Ex: He said “I have to do this homework now”.  He said he had to do that homework then. => S + said + S + V…… 2. Đối với câu hỏi Yes/ No:. Direct speech Do/ Does/ Did + S + Vo….? Is/ Are + S +….? if / Can/ Could + S + Vo….? whether Will + S + Vo….? Shall + S + Vo….? May/ Might + S + Vo….? Ex: Nhi asked me “Do you know Mr.Nam?”  Nhi asked me if/ whether I knew Mr.Nam. => S + asked + O + if/ whether + S +V ……... Reported speech S + V2/ Ved……. S + was/ were…… S + could + Vo…. S + would + Vo…… S + should + Vo….. S + might + Vo……. 3. Đối với câu hỏi bắt đầu là Wh-:. Direct speech do/ does/ did + S + Vo….?. Reported speech S + V2/ Ved…….. is/ are + S +….? S + was/ were…… Whcan/ could + S + Vo….? S + could + Vo…. will + S + Vo….? S + would + Vo…… shall + S + Vo….? S + should + Vo….. may/ might + S + Vo….? S + might + Vo…… Ex: The teacher asked me “What do you like?”  The teacher asked me what I liked. => S + asked + O + Wh- + S +V …….. 4. Đối với câu mệnh lệnh, đề nghị: Ex: “ Don’t play soccer in the living room, Nam”, his mother said  His mother told Nam not to play soccer in the living room. => S + told + O + (not) to +V …….. Wh-.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(3)</span>