PCS 978s x application manual EN overseas general x r1 00

Copyright © 2020 NR. All rights reserved.
NR, the NR logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of NR Electric Co., Ltd. No NR
trademarks may be used without written permission. NR products appearing in this document may
be covered by P.R. China and foreign patents. NR Electric Co., Ltd. reserves all rights and benefits
afforded under P.R. China and international copyright and patent laws in its products, including but
not limited to software, firmware and documentation. NR Engineering Co., Ltd. is licensed to use
this document as well as all intellectual property rights owned or held by NR Electric Co., Ltd,
including but not limited to copyright, rights in inventions, patents, know-how, trade secrets,
trademarks and trade names, service marks, design rights, database rights and rights in data, utility
models, domain names and all similar rights.
The information in this document is provided for informational use only and does not constitute a
legal contract between NR and any person or entity unless otherwise specified. Information in this
document is subject to change without prior notice.
To the extent required the products described herein meet applicable IEC and IEEE standards, but
no such assurance is given with respect to local codes and ordinances because they vary greatly.
Although every reasonable effort is made to present current and accurate information, this
document does not purport to cover all details or variations in equipment nor provide for every
possible contingency to be met in connection with installation, operation, or maintenance. Should
further information be desired or should particular problems arise which are not covered sufficiently
for your purposes, please do not hesitate to contact us.



Preface

Preface
About This Manual
This manual describes the configuration scheme in multiple application scenarios for PCS-978S
Transformer Relay, including how to connect the device to a computer and to configure functions,

such as control, protection, measurement and supervision in using of configuration tool.
To start using this manual for application configuration, user should know the basic operations of
the configuration tool PCS-Studio.

Safety Information
This manual is not a complete index of all safety measures required for operation of the equipment
(module or device). However, it comprises important information that must be followed for personal
safety, as well as to avoid material damage. Information is highlighted and illustrated as follows
according to the degree of danger:
Indicates an imminently hazardous situation that, if not avoided, will
result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could
result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided, may result
in minor or moderate injury or equipment damage.
Indicates that property damage can result if the measures specified are
not taken.

Important information about the device, product handling or a certain
section of the documentation which must be given particular attention.

Instructions and Warnings
The following hazard statements apply to this device.

Disconnect or de-energize all external connections BEFORE opening this
device. Contact with hazardous voltages and currents inside this device can
cause electrical shock resulting in injury or death.
PCS-978S Transformer Relay

I

Date: January 15, 2020


Preface

Contact with instrument terminals can cause electrical shock that can result
in injury or death.

Use of this equipment in a manner other than specified in this manual can
impair operator safety safeguards provided by this equipment.

Have only qualified personnel service this equipment. If you are not qualified
to service this equipment, you can injure yourself or others, or cause
equipment damage.

This device is shipped with default passwords. Default passwords should
be changed to private passwords at installation. Failure to change each
default password to a private password may allow unauthorized access. NR
shall not be responsible for any damage resulting from unauthorized access.

DO NOT look into the fiber (laser) ports/connectors.

DO NOT look into the end of an optical cable connected to an optical output.

DO NOT perform any procedures or adjustments that this instruction
manual does not describe.

During installation, maintenance, or testing of the optical ports, ONLY use
the test equipment qualified for Class 1 laser products!

Incorporated components, such as LEDs, transceivers, and laser emitters,
PCS-978S Transformer Relay

II
Date: January 15, 2020


Preface

are NOT user serviceable. Return units to NR for repair or replacement.

Equipment components are SENSITIVE to electrostatic discharge (ESD).
Undetectable permanent damage can result if you do not use proper ESD
procedures. Ground yourself, your work surface, and this equipment
BEFORE removing any cover from this equipment. If your facility is not
equipped to work with these components, contact NR about returning this
device and related NR equipment for service.

Insufficiently rated insulation can deteriorate under abnormal operating
conditions and cause equipment damage. For external circuits, use wiring
of SUFFICIENTLY RATED insulation that will not break down under
abnormal operating conditions.

SEVERE power and ground problems can occur on the communications
ports of this equipment as a result of using non-standard cables. Please use
the wiring method recommended in the manual for communication terminals.

DO NOT connect power to the relay until you have completed these
procedures and receive instruction to apply power. Equipment damage can
result otherwise.

Use of controls or adjustments, or performance of procedures other than
those specified herein, may RESULT IN hazardous radiation exposure.

The firmware may be upgraded to add new features or enhance/modify
existing features, please MAKE SURE that the version of this manual is
compatible with the product in your hand.

Document Conventions


The abbreviations and acronyms in this manual are explained in “Appendix A Glossary”. The
Glossary also contains definitions of important terms.

PCS-978S Transformer Relay

III
Date: January 15, 2020


Preface



Menu path is connected with the arrow "→" and bold.
For example: the access path of protection settings is: MainMenu→Settings→Protection
Settings.



Settings not in t.he table should be placed in brackets.
For example: the system setting [Opt_SysFreq]



Cross-references are presented in italics.
For example: refer to Figure 1.1-1, refer to Table 1.1-1, reference to Section 1.1



Binary input signals, binary output signals, analogs, LED lights, buttons, and other fixed
meanings, should be written in double quotes and bold.
For example: press the button "ENT".

Symbols


AND Gate

&



&

&

>=1

>=1

OR Gate

>=1



Comparator



Binary signal Input
BI



Signal input
SIG



xxx

xxx

Setting input
SET

xxx

PCS-978S Transformer Relay

IV
Date: January 15, 2020


Preface



Enable input
EN



xxx

Timer
Optional definite-time or inverse-time characteristic
Timer
t
t



Timer
Fixed delay pickup (10ms), fixed delay dropout (2ms)
10ms



2ms

Timer
Settable delay pickup, fixed delay dropout
[Tset1]



0ms

Timer
Fixed delay pickup, settable delay dropout
0ms



[Tset2]

Timer
Settable delay pickup, settable delay dropout
[Tset1]



[Tset2]

Generator

G



Transformer

PCS-978S Transformer Relay

V
Date: January 15, 2020


Preface



Reactor



Motor

M



Capacitor

C



Busbar



Circuit breaker

52



Current transformer
3CT

*



Voltage transformer

3VT



Disconnector



Earth

PCS-978S Transformer Relay

VI
Date: January 15, 2020


Preface

Three-phase Corresponding Relationship
Basic
A, B, C

L1, L2, L3

R, Y, B

AN, BN, CN

L1N, L2N, L3N

RN,YN, BN

ABC

L123

RYB

U (voltage)

V

U

Example
Ia, Ib, Ic, I0

IL1, IL2, IL3, IN

IR, IY, IB, IN

Ua, Ub, Uc

VL1, VL2, VL3

UR, UY, UB

Uab, Ubc, Uca

VL12, VL23, VL31

URY, UYB, UBR

U0, U1, U2

VN, V1, V2

UN, U1, U2

Warranty

This product is covered by the standard NR 10-year warranty. For warranty details, please consult
the manufacturer or agent for warranty information.

Document Structure
This manual is a comprehensive work covering all aspects of relay application and use. Read the
sections that pertain to your application to gain valuable information about using the PCS-978S. To
concentrate on the target sections of this manual as your job needs and responsibilities dictate. An
overview of each manual section and section topics follows.

1 Functions and Applications
Introduces of device functions and typical application scenarios.

2 Connection to the Configuration Tool
Introduction of the PCS-Studio configuration tool with the connection method.

3 Basic Function
Basic functions configuration methods, including functions selection through MOT, diagram drawing
of LCD display, communication protocol selection and setting, user authority management,
configuration of binary inputs and outputs, programmable logic, etc.

4 Measurement
Measurement analogue input channels configuration methods which are specified for different
application scenarios.

5 Protection
Protection functions configuration methods, including function activation method and specific
configuration method of each protection element.

PCS-978S Transformer Relay

VII
Date: January 15, 2020


Preface

6 Control
Control function configuration methods, including switchgear control, direct control, synchronism
check, voltage selection and tap changer control.

7 Supervision
Supervision functions configuration functions, including circuit supervision of VT.

Appendix A Glossary
List of abbreviations adopted in this manual.

Document Revision History
PN: ZL_PCS-978S_X_Application Manual_EN_Overseas General_X
Current version: R1.00
Corresponding Version
Date
Document

Software

R1.00

R1.20

2020-01-15

Description of change



Form the original manual.

PCS-978S Transformer Relay

VIII
Date: January 15, 2020


1 Functions and Application

1 Functions and Application

1
Table of Contents
1.1 Functions ......................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1.1 Protection Function .............................................................................................................1-1
1.1.2 Control Functions ...............................................................................................................1-3
1.1.3 Measurement and Metering Functions ...............................................................................1-3
1.1.4 Supervision Functions ........................................................................................................1-3
1.1.5 Communication Functions ..................................................................................................1-4
1.1.6 User Interfaces ...................................................................................................................1-4
1.1.7 Additional Functions............................................................................................................1-4

1.2 Typical Applications ........................................................................................ 1-5
1.2.1 Two-Winding Transformer ...................................................................................................1-5

1.2.2 Three-Winding Transformer ................................................................................................1-6
1.2.3 Auto-Transformer ................................................................................................................1-7

List of Figures
Figure 1.2-3 Typical application of a 2-winding transformer .............................................. 1-5
Figure 1.2-3 Typical application of a 3-winding transformer .............................................. 1-6
Figure 1.2-3 Typical application of a auto-transformer ....................................................... 1-7

PCS-978S Transformer Relay

1-a
Date: January 15, 2020


1 Functions and Application

1

PCS-978S Transformer Relay

1-b
Date: January 15, 2020


1 Functions and Application

1.1 Functions
PCS-978S transformer relay provides fast and selective protection, control and monitoring for twowinding transformers, three-winding transformers and auto-transformers in any voltage level. All
the important auxiliary functions that are necessary today for safe network operation are integrated
in the IED, and the modular structure permits the device always to be adapted flexibly to the

individual requirements.
The PCS-978S is applicable not only to conventional substations, but also to digital substations. It
supports IEC 61850 Editions 1 and 2 and provides GOOSE and SV network interfaces with high
real-time performance. The process level network supports peer-to-peer (P2P) mode and
networking mode, including single network mode and dual network mode. The station level network
could also receive and send MMS messages (such as interlocking signals) or process level
GOOSE messages (such as trip signals).

1.1.1 Protection Function
ANSI

Protection Functions

Remark


Biased differential protection with three slopes



Biased DPFC differential protection



Unrestrained instantaneous differential protection



Optional

inrush

current

distinguished

principles:

harmonic criterion or waveform distortion
87T

Transformer differential protection



Optional harmonic blocking modes: self-adaptive
1Pblk1P mode, 2PBlk3P mode, 1Pblk3P mode



Overexcitation detection: fifth harmonic or third
harmonic criterion

64REF

Restricted earth-fault protection



Optional transfer methods: △→Y or Y→△



Independent CT saturation criterion



Differential CT circuit failure supervision



Optional direction element



CT transient characteristic detection



CT saturation detection based on 2nd and 3rd
harmonics

87W

Winding differential protection



CT transient characteristic detection



CT saturation detection based on 2nd and 3rd
harmonics



Two stages definite-time overexcitation protection



Stage 1 of definite-time overexcitation protection for trip
purpose

24

Overexcitation protection



Stage 2 of definite-time overexcitation protection for
alarm purpose



One stage inverse-time overexcitation protection for
both alarm purpose and trip purpose

PCS-978S Transformer Relay

1-1
Date: January 15, 2020

1


1 Functions and Application

1

67P
50/51P

67G
50/51G

Phase overcurrent protection



6 stages with independent logic by default



Voltage control element for each stage



Optional direction element for each stage



Optional definite-time characteristic and inverse-time
characteristic for each stage



Trip purpose or alarm purpose for each stage



Harmonic control element for each stage



4 stages with independent logic by default



Optional direction element for each stage



Optional

measured

zero-sequence

current

or

calculated zero-sequence current


Earth fault protection

Optional definite-time characteristic and inverse-time
characteristic for each stage



Selectable trip purpose or alarm purpose for each
stage

67Q
50/51Q

Negative-sequence

overcurrent

protection



Harmonic control element for each stage



Up to 2 stages with independent logic



Optional direction element for each stage



Optional definite-time characteristic and inverse-time
characteristic for each stage

49

50BF

Thermal overload protection



Two stages thermal overload protection, and one stage
for alarm purpose and the other stage for trip purpose



Up to 6 circuit breakers are supported



Phase-segregated re-trip and three-phases re-trip



Optional current criterion (phase overcurrent element,

Breaker failure protection

zero-sequence

overcurrent

element,

negative-

sequence overcurrent element)


Optional circuit breaker position check



Two time delays



Up to 2 stages with independent logic



Optional definite-time characteristic and inverse-time
characteristic for each stage

59P

Overvoltage protection



Optional phase voltage or phase-to-phase voltage



Optional “1-out-of-3” logic or “3-out-of-3” logic



Selectable trip purpose or alarm purpose for each
stage



Up to 2 stages with independent logic



Optional definite-time characteristic and inverse-time
characteristic for each stage

27P

Undervoltage protection



Optional phase voltage or phase-to-phase voltage



Optional “1-out-of-3” logic or “3-out-of-3” logic



Blocked by instantaneous VT circuit failure



Selectable trip purpose or alarm purpose for each
stage

PCS-978S Transformer Relay

1-2
Date: January 15, 2020


1 Functions and Application


Up to 2 stages with independent logic



Optional

measured

zero-sequence

voltage

or

calculated zero-sequence voltage
59G



Residual overvoltage protection

Optional definite-time characteristic and inverse-time
characteristic for each stage



Selectable trip purpose or alarm purpose for each
stage

81O

Overfrequency protection

81U

Underfrequency protection



Up to 2 stages with independent logic



Voltage control element



Up to 4 stages with independent logic



Voltage control element

1.1.2 Control Functions


Switchgear control



Double point status synthesis



Remote/Local control mode switch



Interlocking logic for control



Direct control



Closing synchronism check with voltage selection



Switchgear trip counter



Tap position indicator and control

1.1.3 Measurement and Metering Functions


U, I, P, Q, S, Cos, f



Positive, negative and zero sequences



Max.15th harmonics



DC analog inputs (0~±20mA, 0~±10Vdc, RTD: Pt10, Pt100, Pt1000, Cu50, Cu100)

1.1.4 Supervision Functions


CT circuit failure supervision (CTS)



VT circuit failure supervision (VTS)



Self diagnostic



Powerful faults recording (max. buffer for 10,000 sampled points at 4.8 or 9.6 kHz)



Event Recorder including 1024 disturbance records, 1024 binary events, 1024 supervision
events, 256 control logs and 1024 device logs.



Disturbance recorder including 64 disturbance records with waveforms (The file format of

PCS-978S Transformer Relay

1-3
Date: January 15, 2020

1


1 Functions and Application

disturbance recorder is compatible with international COMTRADE file.)

1



Single line diagram representation in display

1.1.5 Communication Functions


Support of various protocols

Modbus, DNP3.0, IEC 60870-5-103, IEC 61850 Ed.1 & Ed.2, IEC 61850 MMS Server,
IEC 61850-8-1 GOOSE, IEC 61850-9-2LE SV, IEC 62439 Parallel Redundancy Protocol,
IEC 62439 HSR Ring Redundancy Protocol.



Up to four 10Base-T/100Base-TX copper Ethernet ports



Up to two 100Base-FX optical Ethernet ports



Two RS-485 serial ports for communication or printer



One RS-485/TTL serial port for clock synchronization



Two RJ45 debugging ports (front and rear)

1.1.6 User Interfaces


Friendly HMI interface with LCD, easy-to-use keypad aids simple navigation and set-point
adjustment



Push buttons for open/close, switch for selection between local and remote control, and
user's login and logout authority management



4 Programmable operator pushbuttons with user-configurable labels



Up to 18 programmable target LEDs with user-configurable labels



1 RS-232 or RS-485 rear ports for printer



Language switchover—English+ selected language



Configuration tool—PCS-Studio

1.1.7 Additional Functions


User programmable logic



Switching system phase sequences function (ABC or ACB)



Clock synchronization


IRIG-B: IRIG-B via RS-485 differential level, TTL level or optical fibre interface



PPS: Pulse per second (PPS) via RS-485 differential level or binary input



PPM: Pulse per minute (PPM) via RS-485 differential level or binary input



IEEE 1588: Clock message based on IEEE 1588 via optical fibre interface



SNTP (PTP): Unicast (point-to-point) SNTP mode via Ethernet network
PCS-978S Transformer Relay

1-4
Date: January 15, 2020

1 Functions and Application





SNTP (BC): Broadcast SNTP mode via Ethernet network



Message (IEC103/Modbus/DNP3.0): Clock messages through IEC103 protocol,
Modbus protocol and DNP3.0 protocol

Cyber security


NERC CIP



IEC 62351



IEC 62443



IEEE 1686

1.2 Typical Applications
There are three kinds of typical application scenarios, as


Two-winding transformer, single circuit breaker arrangement



Three-winding transformer, single circuit breaker arrangement



Auto-winding transformer, singe circuit breaker arrangement

1.2.1 Two-Winding Transformer
HVS
1VT

52

*
3CT
3VT

51P
Alm

87T

64
REF

67G

50BF

67P

50/
51P

*
MR

84

CSWI

25

1CT

50/
51G

67Q

50/

51Q

59P

59G

27P

24

81O

81U

3CT

*

52

3VT

LVS

Figure 1.2-1 Typical application of a 2-winding transformer

This configuration is used in the application scenario of a 2-winding transformer with a single circuit
breaker on both sides. The three-phase VT, three-phase CT and the neutral-point CT are used for
PCS-978S Transformer Relay

1-5
Date: January 15, 2020

1


1 Functions and Application

protection functions calculation and single-phase busbar VT is used for synchronism check.

1

The current differential protection is as the main protection, it provides fast and secure tripping for
internal faults. Restricted earth fault protection, overexctiation protection, phase overcurrent
protection, earth fault protection, phase overvoltage protection, residual overvoltage protection and
breaker failure protection are configured as backup protection. Negative-sequence overcurrent
protection, phase undervoltage protection and frequency protection are also optional for some
specific requirements.
High voltage circuit breaker synchronism check function is equipped, the circuit breaker, the
relevant disconnector switches and earthing switches and the tap position could be controlled by
the device. Supervision functions of analog input channels, binary input channels, CT secondary
circuits, VT secondary circuits, switchgear tripping counter, etc. are equipped for the operating
reliability and safety of the device. Moreover, measurement function including U, I, P, Q, S, Cos, f
are available in local HMI and remote representation.

1.2.2 Three-Winding Transformer
HVS
1VT

52

3CT

*

51P
Alm

87T

64
REF

67G

50BF

67P

3VT
50/
51P

MVS
*
MR

52

84

25

CSWI

1CT

*

50/
51G

67Q

3CT
50/
51Q

3VT

59P

59G

27P

24

81O

81U

3CT

*
52

3VT

LVS

Figure 1.2-2 Typical application of a 3-winding transformer

This configuration is used in the application scenario of a 3-winding transformer with a single circuit
breaker on both sides. The three-phase VT, three-phase CT and the neutral-point CT are used for
protection functions calculation and single-phase busbar VT is used for synchronism check.
The current differential protection is as the main protection, it provides fast and secure tripping for
internal faults. Restricted earth fault protection, overexctiation protection, phase overcurrent
protection, earth fault protection, phase overvoltage protection, residual overvoltage protection and
breaker failure protection are configured as backup protection. Negative-sequence overcurrent
PCS-978S Transformer Relay

1-6
Date: January 15, 2020


1 Functions and Application

protection, phase undervoltage protection and frequency protection are also optional for some
specific requirements.

High voltage circuit breaker synchronism check function is equipped, the circuit breaker, the
relevant disconnector switches and earthing switches and the tap position could be controlled by
the device. Supervision functions of analog input channels, binary input channels, CT secondary
circuits, VT secondary circuits, switchgear tripping counter, etc. are equipped for the operating
reliability and safety of the device. Moreover, measurement function including U, I, P, Q, S, Cos, f
are available in local HMI and remote representation.

1.2.3 Auto-Transformer
HVS
1VT

52

*
3CT

87T

51P
Alm

87W

64
REF

67G

50BF

67P

3VT

MVS

52

50/
51P

*
1CT

*

*

*

MR

3CT

84

25

CSWI

1CT
1CT

50/
51G

67Q

*
50/
51Q

1CT

3VTs

59P

59G

27P

24

81O

81U

3CT

*
52

3VT

LVS

Figure 1.2-3 Typical application of a auto-transformer

This configuration is used in the application scenario of an auto-winding transformer with a single
circuit breaker on both sides. The three-phase VT, three-phase CT and the neutral-point CT are
used for protection functions calculation and single-phase busbar VT is used for synchronism check.
The current differential protection is as the main protection, it provides fast and secure tripping for
internal faults. Winding differential, restricted earth fault protection, overexctiation protection, phase
overcurrent protection, earth fault protection, phase overvoltage protection, residual overvoltage
protection and breaker failure protection are configured as backup protection. Negative-sequence
overcurrent protection, phase undervoltage protection and frequency protection are also optional
for some specific requirements.
High voltage circuit breaker synchronism check function is equipped, the circuit breaker, the
relevant disconnector switches and earthing switches and the tap position could be controlled by
the device. Supervision functions of analog input channels, binary input channels, CT secondary
PCS-978S Transformer Relay

1-7
Date: January 15, 2020

1


1 Functions and Application

1

circuits, VT secondary circuits, switchgear tripping counter, etc. are equipped for the operating
reliability and safety of the device. Moreover, measurement function including U, I, P, Q, S, Cos, f
are available in local HMI and remote representation.

PCS-978S Transformer Relay

1-8
Date: January 15, 2020


2 Connecting to the Configuration Tool

2 Connecting to the Configuration Tool
Table of Contents
2.1 Brief Introduction of PCS-Studio ................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Establishing Connection................................................................................. 2-1
2.2.1 Via Front RJ45 Port ............................................................................................................2-1
2.2.2 Via Ethernet Interface on CPU Module ...............................................................................2-2

2.3 Validation of Configuration ............................................................................. 2-2

PCS-978S Transformer Relay

2-a
Date: January 15, 2020

2

2 Connecting to the Configuration Tool

2.1 Brief Introduction of PCS-Studio
The PCS-Studio is the configuration and debugging software of PCS S series devices. It provides
the following configuration functions:


Device information configuration
Viewing and editing project name, user configuration file version, file modification time, etc.



Global function configuration
MOT selection, system configuration, function object activation/deactivation, etc.



Human-machine interface configuration
Single Line Diagram (SLD) drawing for LCD display, definition of LED indicators, shortcut keys,
user-level waveform recording, etc.



Communication configuration
Support of multiple communication protocols, including IEC 61850 (Edition 1 & Edition 2), IEC
60870-5-103, DNP3.0, Modbus, etc.



IO signal configuration
Binary inputs, binary outputs, AC and DC analogue inputs, etc.



User-defined logic programming
Complete and rich symbol library for user-defined logic programming.



Parameter setting
Setting, import and export of device parameters.



Online debugging
Debugging through visual pages and virtual LCD screen.

2.2 Establishing Connection
On the front panel of the device, there is a multiplex RJ45 port which is the debugging port for
connection to a portable computer. Meanwhile, the CPU plug-in module is equipped with several
Ethernet interfaces which may also be used to communicate with debugging computer.

2.2.1 Via Front RJ45 Port
By default, the IP address of front debugging port is “100.100.100.100” with the subnet mask
“255.255.255.000”. If this address conflicts with any other Ethernet port on CPU module. Through
the device front human-machine interface, please call up the modification menu by pressing the
key combination "◄ ＋ ◄ － ENT" under the default LCD display screen and change the default

address.

PCS-978S Transformer Relay

2-1
Date: January 15, 2020

2