Nghiên cứu thiết kế và chế tạo khung và thân vỏ xe 03 bánh tiết kiệm nhiên liệu

No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

A STUDY ON DESIGNING AND BUILDING OF FRAME
AND BODY FOR FUEL-EFFICIENT 3-WHEELER
Advisor : MEng. Huynh Thinh
Student :
IDS :
Phan Van Quoc Vuong
16145580
Truong Nhut Quang
16145483


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

CONTENTS
1. Topic overview
2. Frame designing and building
3. Body designing and building
4. Results and conclusions


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

1. TOPIC OVERVIEW
1.1. Context
1.2. Goals

No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

1.1. Context
Environmental pollution
Resource depletion
Climate change


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

Equation of vehicle’s fuel consumption
qd 

0,36 g e  F  F �Fj 

 ntl

 l 100km 

Approaches for increasing fuel economy:
1. Reducing the brake-specific fuel consumption of the engine
2. Reducing motion resistances and increasing the transmission efficiency


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

1.2. GOALS
• Research, design and manufacture 3-wheel chassis and body using 110cc petrol
engine towards saving fuel and reducing emissions causing environmental
pollution
• Meet the requirements of the contest and the vehicle's fuel economy results are
also officially verified in the contest for objectivity and value.


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

2. FRAME DESIGNING AND BUILDING
2.1. Theoretical frameworks
2.2. Requirements
2.3. Design process
2.4. Static structural analysis
2.5. Building


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

2.1. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS
qd 

0,36 g e  F  F �Fj 

 ntl

 l 100km 

Equation of vehicle’s fuel consumption

1: Reducing motion resistances and increasing the transmission efficiency

F  Ff �Fi  mgf cos  �mg sin 

F j  m j j

Fuel saving solution from the view of frame design
1. Reduce vehicle mass
2. Decrease rolling resistance coefficient
3. Reduce the influence of the vehicle rotational inertia


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

2.2. REQUIREMENTS
- Based on the rules of the competition
- Safe for driver
- Highly durable to ensure different operating
conditions
- Simple design to easy manufacture
- Aesthetically pleasing
- Save time, cost and material

Shell eco marathon

No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

2.3. DESIGN PROCESS
Step 1: Choose a frame option

Body on frame

Unibody


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Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

2.3. DESIGN PROCESS
Step 2: Original size speccificaion
- Based on the rules of the competition
- Calculated to suit the team's driver


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

2.3. DESIGN PROCESS
Step 3: Idea and frame tempale

1

2

3


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

2.4. STATIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
Step 1: Build 3D models

Step 2: Designate initial
materials

Step 3: Set up loads

Step 5: Simulate the
model

Step 4: Mesh


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

SIMULATE RESULTS


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

2.5. BUILDING

No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

3. BODY DESIGING AND BUILDING
3.1. Theoretical, purposes and requirements
3.2. Design process
3.3. Aerodynamic drag simulation
3.4. Building


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

3.1. THEORETICAL, PURPOSES AND REQUIREMENTS
 Theoretical
 Drag force
Fω= Cd. A.ρ.v2
Cd: car drag coefficient
ρ : density of the air 1.225 kg / m3
V: velocity m/s
A: reference area (Frontal area-m2)

 Lift force
 Side force


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

Fuel saving solutions

1. Decrease drag area
2. Decrease drag coefficient

3. Decrease vehicle body weight


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

Requirements
- Based on the rules of the competition: dimension, safety
features,…
- Ensure aerodynamic features
- Highly durable to ensure different operating conditions
- Simple design to easy manufacture
- Aesthetically pleasing
- Save time, cost and material


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

3.2. DESIGN PROCESS
Step 1: Choose initial parameters
Step 2: Refer to previous designs and design 2D drawing
Step 3: Design 3D model and simulate aerodynamic drag
Step 4: Adjust and build

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No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

3.3. AERODYNAMIC DRAG SIMULATION
Step1: 3D design

Step 2: Meshing

If not good

Step 5: Compare and analyze the
feasibility of the project

Step 3: Enter the boundary
conditions

Step 4: Run the simulation

If good

Setup the process manufacture
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No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

Simulation results

22


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

Average value of drag coefficient
Mesh
element

Velocity (m/s)

216,895

387,685

628,554

Average Cd

10

0.08858244

0.08116964

0.089739373

0.086497151

12.5

0.08472002

0.08513014

0.086178129

0.085342763

15

0.08175736

0.08207431

0.086613363

0.083481678

17.5

0.07944244

0.07962402

0.081555855

0.080207438

20

0.07750614

0.07759239

0.078313955

0.077804162

Average Cd

0.08240168

0.0811181

0.084480135

0.082666638
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No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

COMPARE TO 2019’S DESIGN AND ANALYZE THE FEASIBILITY
OF THE PROJECT
2019’s design

- Mass: 22 kg
- Drag of coefficient 0.1635
- Frontal area-m2 0.5

2020’s design

- Mass: 6.3kg
- Drag of coefficient 0.0827
- Frontal area-m2 0.3
Fω2019 > Fω2020


No.01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc District, HCMC, VN
Tel: +84 8 37221223, Fax: +84 8 38960640

3.4. BUILDING

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