1721 so luoc ve buoc di cua tin nguong tho mau va mau tay thien

584 (17) - 2006 - Di s i n van h6a phi vgt t h d

imot thdi dai, tin ngu'dng thd M5u bj
xem nhe, thgm chi con bj "khoac" cho
cai ao m6 tin dj doan. Nhmg ciing tir
nhang nam 70 cda the" k i XX, mot d6i nha
nghi6n c h my thugt co" tr6, vdi sq d2n dgt cda
Tir Chi, d i chdt thii'y ring: H6u nhu' moi t6n
giao 161-1,ma chung ta t6n trong, d6u du'dc du
nhgp tir b6n ngoai vao, chi ri6ng tin ngu'dng
d i n gian, thi d i t6n tai su6t ch mii'y nghin nam
- Tin ngu'ong nay nhu' mQt d6i trong v6 mst tu'
tu'dng vdi cac t6n giao du nhap, de" ta van la ta,
gop ph6n bho ve mQtbhn sac van h6a d2n tQc
mu6n ddi mubn .thud. V$y "dao M5u" la gi?
Vu'dt qua giai doan gan vdi thdi nguy6n thdy
(Iuc ngu'di Viet con thd cac lqc lu'dng tq nhikn),
de"n giai doan thd than linh nhin dang, thi mot
d6i tu'dng dang quan t i m nhst la thd ba me
quy6n nang. Vao thdi ky hai.l@m, vai tro cda
ngllai phu nCi d i quye"t ddjnh tdi sq t6n tai cda
gia dinh va c@ngd6ng, do la mot di6u kien de"
ba Me R h g mang tinh khdi nguyen cda than
linh nhin dang trong tin ngllang Viet xust hien,
ma th6ng thu'dng, met diem hQi tu d G c nghi'
tdi, la d6n D6ng Cu6ng (thuQc Bgc Yen Bai).
Sau do, the0 dong s6ng HBng, ngllai Viet
xuo"ng thii'p hdn de" khai pha ruQng dii't ma 6n
djnh dan mot n6n n6ng nghiep lua nudc. Co
the" do la met nguy6n nhin sang tao nen ba
Me xO sd Au Cd d dii't Phu Tho, va tam nghi,

ndi d i y co hien t$ng, cu' d i n tren can ke"t hdp

vdi cu' d i n chai lu'di, r6i du'dc huy6n thoai hba
de" lam nhy sinh csp uy6n u'dng khdi nguy6n
Au Cd - Lac Long Quin. Co 18 virng dii't nay
ciing la dja die"m hQi tu chinh v6 sq giao thoa
giaa cac tQc ngu'di n h ~ tM6n Khme, Tang Mie"n, Tay - Thai, M3 Lai Nam Dho - n h h g
thanh ph6n cd bhn de" hinh thanh he tQc Viet
Mu'dng. Sau do, Phu Tho - Viet Tri ciing nhu'
con chQng kie"n sq tach tQc: Kinh - Mu'dng, md
d6u cho cuQctru'dng chinh khai pha manh m8
virng chiu tho" s6ng H6ng. Co the" sau do cb
mot cuQc "va dgp" van hoa Idn, giCia Lac Viet
va Au Viet (d D6ng Bgc) de" chii'm dlit thdi
Hirng, chuyin sang nha Thuc. Do la mot cuQc
cach mang ldn cda d i n tQc,thuc da"y ljch so va
x i hQi phat trie"n. d llnh vqc tin ngu'dng thd
M ~ Udo
, ke"t hdp vdi nhi6u y6u t6 van hoa b6n
ngoai (& Balamcn, Phgt giao, van hoa Trung
Hoa ...), ma cac vj thin n6ng nghiep (d d i y la
than g6n vdi mu'a) d q c Phgt giao hoa de"hinh
thanh he M8u TO Phap. Sq "k6t duy6n" giCia
van h6a bhn dja va van h6a b6n ngoai, nhgt la
Phgt giao, d i lam nhy sinh mot dang ba Me xO
sd mdi - Ba Man NLIdng (m6 hinh chung cda
nhin loai v6 me xO sd la: Ba thllang "tsng tju"
vdi ngllai ngoai tQc, tOc ngudi khbng cing he,
thanh phan...). Mot so" ngudi d i tilng nghi, Ba
la hoa thin cda Me Dst, sq ph6i hdp giaa Ba

va cac con (Vin, VU, L6i, Phong = Miy, MLIa,
Ssm, Gio) la ngu6n g6c c i a hanh phuc, no