Tài liệu Luyện thi TOEIC- Từ vựng bài 12 pdf

UNIT 12: THE RIGHT APPROACH

1 READING

1. approach /
C
’
prCUtS
/ noun [count] attempt to make a business arrangement with: thăm dò, tiếp xúc
(để đạt 1 thỏa thuận).
The club has made an approach to a local business firm for sponsorship.
[count]
an act of communicating with another person or group in order to ask for something: cách
tiếp cận, phương pháp.
A new approach to language teaching: Phương pháp mới về dạy ngôn ngữ.
approach (verb) to speak, write or visit someone in order to do something such as make a
request or business agreement: tiếp xúc, tiếp cận.

2. permission /
pC
’
mISn
/ noun [uncount] the right to do something that is given to you by someone in
authority: sự cho phép, giấy phép.
They entered the area without permission.
permit /
pC
’
mIt
/ (verb) [transitive] to allow someone to do something, or something to happen:
cho phép

permit sb to do sth
permit sb sth
She permitted herself a single candy bar a week.
permit of sth (phrasal verb) [transitive] to make sth possible: cho phép, thừa nhận.
The situation does not permit of any delay: Tình thế không cho phép bất kỳ sự trì hoãn nào.

3. someone can’t stand someone/something: used for saying that the person dislikes someone or
something very much: chịu đựng cái gì/ai
I can’t stand milk.
John just can’t stand his mother-in-law.

4. earplugs /’
IrplVg
/ noun [count] a small piece of soft material such as wax, cotton or plastic that
you put into your ear to keep noise or water out: cái nút tai

5. client /’
klaICnt
/ noun [count] a customer or someone who receives sevices: khách hàng
Mr. Black has been a client of this firm for many years.

6. intrusive /
In
’
trusIv
/ (adj) interrupting a peaceful situation: gây phiền phức
intrusive noise/lights/tourists
intrude /
In
’

tru:d
/ verb [intransitive] to go into a place or situation in which you are not
wanted or not expected to be: xâm phạm
intrusion /
In
’
truZn
/ on/upon/into something noun [count or uncount] something that
interrupts a peaceful situation or a private event: việc gây phiền phức.
It’s so quiet here that the occasional distant noise is the only intrusion.

7. co-worker /
,kCU
’
wE:kC
(
r
)/ noun [count] someone who works with you, especially someone
with a similar position or status in an organization: đồng nghiệp

8. cubicle /’
kju:bIkl
/ noun [count] a small enclosed area in a room, separated from the rest of the
room by thin walls or curtains: phòng ngủ nhỏ (ở bệnh viện, trường học…)

9. strain /
streIn
/ verb [transitive or intransitive] to try very hard to do something: ráng sức, cố gắng,
gắng sức.
to strain one’s ears/eyes: to try very hard to hear or see something: vểnh tai/căng mắt

10. scene /
si:n
/ noun [count] a noisy argument or a strong show of feelings in a public place: trận cãi
lộn

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make/cause a scene: gây chuyện cãi lộn

11. compromise /’
kOmprCmaIz
/ verb [intransitive] ~ on sth: to solve a problem or end an argument
by accepting that you cannot have everything that you want: dàn xếp
We simply cannot compromise on the question of human rights.
compromise /’
kOmprCmaIz
/ noun [count or uncount] a way of solving problem or ending an
argument in which both people or groups accept they cannot have everything they want: sự thoả
hiệp, cách giải quyết.
Most wage claims are settled by compromise: Phần lớn các yêu sách về tiền lương đã được giải
quyết bằng thoả hiệp.

12. accessible /
Ck
’
sesCbl
/ (adj) ~ to: easy for anyone to obtain and use: có thể tới được, có thể sử
dụng được.
documents not accessible to the public: những tài liệu không mở rộng cho công chúng sử dụng.
access /’

Akses
/ noun [uncount] the right or opportunity to have or use something that will
brings you benefits: cơ hội hoặc quyền sử dụng cái gì.
Students must have access to a good library: Sinh viên phải được quyền vào đọc sách ở 1 thư viện
tốt.
access /’
Akses
/ verb [transitive] to get information, especially from a computer: lấy thông tin
hoặc đưa thông tin vào (máy tính)

13. granted /’
grAntCd
/ (adv) used when you are admitting that something is true: cứ cho là như vậy,
cứ công nhận như vậy.
Granted, it’s splendid car, but have you seen how much it costs? Cứ cho là như vậy, đó là 1 chiếc
xe tuyệt vời, nhưng anh đã xem nó giá bao nhiêu chưa?
Take something for granted: to believe something to be the truth without even thinking about
it: cho rằng cái gì là đúng.
I take it for granted you have read this book: Tôi cứ coi như là anh đã đọc cuốn sách này rồi.

14. considerate /
kCn
’
sIdCrCt
/ (adj) ~ (of sb); ~ (to do sth); ~ (towards sb) thinking about the
feelings and needs of other people: chu đáo, ý tứ
It was considerate of you not to play the piano while I was asleep: Ông thật là ý tứ đã không vhơi
đàn piano lúc tôi đang ngủ.
consideration /
kCn,sIdC

’
reISn
/ noun [uncount] careful thought before making a
decision or judgment about something: sự suy xét, sự cân nhắc.
Please give the matter your careful consideration.
under consideration: being thought about

15. the initiative /
I
’
nISCtIv
/ noun [singular] the opportunity to take action before other people do:
thế chủ động
take the initiaitive: dẫn đầu, làm đầu tàu
It’s up to this country to take the initiative in banning nuclear weapons: Nước này cần phải đi đầu
trong việc cấm vũ khí hạt nhân.
initiate /
I
’
nISIeIt
/ verb [transitive] to make something start: khởi sự, khởi xướng
initiate proceedings against sb: khởi tố ai

4 LISTENING

16. fire /’
faIC
(
r
)/ verb [transitive] to make someone leave their job, sometimes as a punishment: sa

thải
He’s the person responsible for hiring and firing.

17. gossip /’
gOsIp
/ noun [uncount] conversation about unimportant subjects, especially people’s private
lives: chuyện tầm phào, chuyện ngồi lê đôi mach.
I never listen to office gossip.


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18. nasty /’
nAstI
/ (adj) bad or very unpleasant: khó chịu, kinh tởm
There’s a nasty smell in here.

19. frustrated /
frVs
’
treItId
/ (adj) feeling annoyed and impatient because you are prevented from
achieving sth: không hài lòng, nản lòng.
Are you feeling frustrated in your present job?
frustrate /’
frVstreIt
/ verb [transitive] to make someone feel annoyed or discouraged
because they cannot achieve what they want: làm (ai) nản lòng
Mary was frustrated by the lack of appreciation shown of her work: Mary rất nản lòng vì công việc
của cô không được đánh giá cao.
frustration /

frV
’
streISn
/ noun [count or uncount] an annoyed or impatient feeling that
you get when you are prevented from doing what you want: (tình trạng) nản long, không thoả
mãn; sự bực mình.
Every job has its frustrations.

5 VOCABULAIRY: JOBSB AND WORK

20. overtime /’
CUvCtaIm
/ noun [uncount] extra hours that someone works at their job: ngoài giờ.
I have been working a lot of overtime lately.
overtime work/pay/rates

21. promote /
prC
’
mCUt
/ verb [transitive] to move someone to a job at a higher level: đề bạt, thăng
chức, thăng cấp.
She worked hard and was soon promoted.
promotion /
prC
’
mCUSn
/ noun [count or uncount] a move to a higher level in a company,
institution or sport: sự đề bạt, thăng chức.
If you are successful, you can expect promotion.

22. resign /
rI
’
zaIn
/ verb [intransitive or transitive] ~ (from sth): to state formally that you are leaving
a job permanently: từ chức.
resign oneself to sth/doing sth: to accept that something unpleasant must happen and that you
cannot change it: cam chịu.
be resigned to one’s fate: cam chịu số phận

23. salary /’
sAlCrI
/ noun [count] a fixed amount of money agreed every year as pay for an employee,
usually paid directly into his or her bank account every month
: tiền lương.
an annual salary of $12.000
be on salary: earn a salary
Are you on salary or do you get paid by the hour?
salaried /’
sAlCrId
/ (adj) being paid a salary: ăn lương, được trả lương.

24. lay off /
leI Of
/ phrasal verb [transitive] to end someone’s employment, especially temporary
because there is not enough work for them: sa thải (công nhân), thường trong một thời gian ngắn.
They’ve had to cut back production and lay off workers.

7 SPEAKING

25. expense /
Ik
’
spents
/ noun [count] an amount of money you spend in order to buy or do
something: phí tổn.
Most children in Britain are educated at public expense: Phần lớn trẻ em ở Anh được học tập do
nhà nước trả tiền.

26. champion /’
tSAmpICn
/ noun [count] someone who has won an important competition, especially
in a sport: nhà vô địch, quán quân.
An Olympic champion

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27. stranded /’
strAndId
/ (adj) unable to leave somewhere because of an inconvenience such as a
lack of transport or money: bị kẹt, lâm vào cảnh khó khăn.
He left me stranded in town with no car and no money for a bus.

28. take turns: if people take turns, each of them does their share of it, one after the other: lần lượt, thay
phiên nhau (làm cái gì)
We took turns steering the boat.

8 READING

29. coaster /’
kCUstC
(
r
)/ noun [count] a small piece of wood, plastic or other material that you put a
glass or cup on to protect a surface from heat or liquid: miếng lót cốc, ly (ở bàn).

30. trash can /
trAS kAn
/ noun [count] a metal or plastic container for things that you want to get rid
of: thùng rác

31. bouquet /
bU
’
keI
/ noun [count] a collection of flowers, cut and tied together in an attractive way:
bó hoa

32. wrapper /’
rApCr
/ noun [count] a piece of paper, plastic, etc. that is wrapped around something you
buy: giấy gói.
Candy wrappers

33. container /
kCn
’
teInCr
/ noun [count] something used for storing or holding things, for example a

box, bottle or bowl: vật đựng, vật chứa (chai, hộo…)
a plastic drinks container

34. even /’
i:vCn
/ (adj) an even number can be divided exactly by two, for example 2, 4 and 6 are even
numbers: số chẵn.

35. odd /
Od
/ (adj) an odd number is a WHOLE NUMBER that cannot be divided exactly by two, for
example 1, 3, 5 and 7 are odd numbers: số chẵn.

36. insult /
In
’
sVlt
/ verb [transitive] to say or do something to someone that is rude or offensive: xúc
phạm.
insult: noun [count] ~ to sb/sth an offensive remark or action: lời nhận xét hoặc hành động xúc
phạm

37. host /
hCUst
/ noun [count] someone who invites people to a meal or party, or to stay in their home:
chủ nhà
They had brought a present for their hosts.
hostess /’
hCUtIs
/ noun [count] a woman who invites someone to a meal or party or to stay

for a short time in her home: bà chủ

38. manner /’
mAnCr
/ noun [plural] the custom or accepted social behavior of a particular group of
people: tập quán và phong tục
German middle-class manners

39. crunch /
krVntS
/ verb [intransitive or transitive] to bite hard food, causing it to make a loud noise:
nhai rau ráu
Jane was crunching peanuts noisily.

40. tasteless /’
teIstlCs
/ (adj) having no flavor: vô vị
a tasteless piece of chicken

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41. wafer /’
weIfC
(
r
)/ noun [count] a very thin dry biscuit which is often sweet and flavored: bánh xốp

42. typical /’
tIpIkl
/ (adj) used for saying that someone is behaving in the way they usually behave:

đặc trưng, đặc thù (của một người hay vật riêng biệt).
It is typical of her to forget: Cô ta có tính hay quên.
typify /’
tIpIfaI
/ verb [transitive never progressive] to be an excellent or typical example of
something, to be a typical part or feature of something: làm mẫu cho; là điển hình của, là thí dụ
tiêu biểu cho.
Now a millionaire, he typified the self-made man: Nay trở thành nhà triệu phú, ông ấy là tiêu biểu
cho loại người tự lập.

43. intonation /
,IntC
’
neISn
/ noun [count oor uncount] the way in which your voice rises or falls
when you speak: ngữ điệu.
In English, some questions have a rising intonation: Trong tiếng Anh, một số câu hỏi có ngữ điệu
lên giọng.
A change of intonation: sự thay đổi ngữ điệu.

44. range /
reIndZ
/ [count] [singular] the limits within which a person or organization is able to deal
effectively with something: giới hạn trong đó cái gì thay đổi, phạm vi.
There’s a wide range of ability in the class: Trong lớp có nhiều loại năng lực cao thấp khác nhau.

45. enthusiasm /
In
’
Tu:zI,AzCm

/ noun [uncount] the feeling of being very interested in something
or excited by it: nhiệt tình.
feel no enthusiasm for/about an idea: Cảm thấy không thiết tha đối với một ý kiến.
enthusiasitic /
In,Tu:zI
’
AstIk
/ (adj) (~ about/over sth/sb) very interested in something
or excited by it: tràn đầy nhiệt tình.
She is very enthusiastic about singing: Cô ấy rất say mê hát.

46. block /
blOk
/ noun [count] an area of buildings in a town or city with streets on all four sides: nhóm
các tòa nhà lớn đứng giữa bốn con đường.
He lives three blocks away from here: Anh ta sống cách đây 3 dãy phố.

47. be in/out of touch /
tVtS
/ (with someone) to/not see, speak to, or write to someone: còn liên lạc
với ai
Let’s keep in touch: Chúng ta hãy giữ liên lạc với nhau.




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