Tài liệu Master toefl vocabulary part 15 ppt

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○
○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○
Chapter 6: All About Prefixes 131
www.petersons.com
Vocabulary Builder 6 Answers
1. The correct answer is (D).
2. The correct answer is (D).
3. The correct answer is (C).
4. The correct answer is (D).
5. The correct answer is (A).
6. The correct answer is (D).
7. The correct answer is (D).
8. The correct answer is (C).
9. The correct answer is (C).
10. The correct answer is (A).
Ten More Testworthy Latin Prefixes
There are ten more Latin prefixes for you. Knowing just one prefix can help you figure
out five or even more words. Consider how many words you can define when you know
ten, twenty, or thirty prefixes!
Prefix Meaning Example Definition
de down demolish tear down
e out elongate stretch out
ex out exchange replace
inter between intercom two-way radio
infra under infrared rays under red
mal bad malodor bad odor
male evil maledict cursed
ob toward obedient respectful
per through perambulate walk through
post after postpone do after
TIP

Remember: the more
prefixes you learn,
the more words you
can decode.
06_TOEFL Vocab,Ch6,117-142 8/4/06, 12:40131
132 PART III: TOEFL Vocabulary Review
○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○
○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○
www.petersons.com
Vocabulary Builder 7
Directions: Choose the best definition from the words in the box. You will
have definitions left over.
flowing forth teach awkward
criminal attractive odd
vulgar restless comely
write on dig out invocation
compatriot a fellow countryman expedient
berate compendium pendant
to scold harshly an abridged form of a work principles
sound waves with a frequency below the audible range
1. excavate ________________________________________________
2. infrasonic _______________________________________________
3. impart __________________________________________________
4. maladroit _______________________________________________
5. malefactor ______________________________________________
6. eccentric ________________________________________________
7. impatient _______________________________________________
8. effluent _________________________________________________
9. inscribe _________________________________________________
10. indecent ________________________________________________

Vocabulary Builder 7 Answers
1. The correct answer is dig out.
2. The correct answer is sound waves with a frequency below the audible
range.
3. The correct answer is teach.
4. The correct answer is awkward.
5. The correct answer is criminal.
6. The correct answer is odd.
7. The correct answer is restless.
8. The correct answer is flowing forth.
9. The correct answer is write on.
10. The correct answer is vulgar.
06_TOEFL Vocab,Ch6,117-142 8/4/06, 12:40132
○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○
○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○
Chapter 6: All About Prefixes 133
www.petersons.com
PREFIXES FOR NUMBERS
The symbols we use for numbers—1, 2, 3, 4, etc.—come from the Arabs, the first great
mathematicians. The words we use to speak or write these symbols—one, two, three,
four, etc.—are from the Anglo-Saxons.
How many sides does the Pentagon have? How many tentacles does an octopus have? If you
know your number prefixes, these questions are a snap to answer. The envelope, please:
The Pentagon has five sides (penta = five). An octopus has eight tentacles (octo = eight).
As you can see, when we want to combine a number and a word to form another word,
such as a synonym for a “five-sided figure,” we use the Greek or Roman word for the
number, pentameter.
Below are ten Greek and Latin prefixes that show the numbers one to ten.
Number Prefix Example Definition
1 uni unicycle cycle with one wheel

2bi bicycle cycle with two wheels
3 tri tripod three-legged stand
4 quad quadrangle four-sided figure
5 penta pentameter five-sided figure
6 hexa hexagon six-sided figure
7 hepta Heptateuch the first seven books of the Hebrew Bible
8 oct octet a group of eight, usually singers (ock-tet)
9 nov novena Roman Catholic prayers or services
conducted on nine consecutive days
10 deca decathlon ten-event athletic contest (di-kath-lon)
ANGLO-SAXON PREFIXES
Below are the five most common Anglo-Saxon prefixes and their variations. Read
through the chart and examples. To help you remember the prefixes, complete the self-
test that follows.
Prefix Meaning Examples Definition
a on, to, at, by ablaze on fire
be around, over besiege attack
mis wrong, badly mistake error
over above, beyond overreach reach too high
un not unambiguous clear (un-am-big-yoo-us)
06_TOEFL Vocab,Ch6,117-142 8/4/06, 12:40133
134 PART III: TOEFL Vocabulary Review
○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○
○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○
www.petersons.com
Vocabulary Builder 8
Directions: Based on the meaning of its prefix, define each of the following
words:
1. accord ________________________________________________________________
2. irradiate ______________________________________________________________

3. predestination _________________________________________________________
4. reincarnation __________________________________________________________
5. convolute _____________________________________________________________
6. invoke ________________________________________________________________
7. irrelevant _____________________________________________________________
8. excommunicate ________________________________________________________
Vocabulary Builder 8 Answers
1. The correct answer is agreement.
2. The correct answer is illuminate.
3. The correct answer is fate.
4. The correct answer is rebirth.
5. The correct answer is twist up.
6. The correct answer is request.
7. The correct answer is not pertinent.
8. The correct answer is exclude from communion.
06_TOEFL Vocab,Ch6,117-142 8/4/06, 12:40134
○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○
○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○
Chapter 6: All About Prefixes 135
exercises
www.petersons.com
_____1. miscarriage of justice
(A) benediction
(B) detail
(C) villain
(D) failure
_____2. beseech emotionally
(A) implore
(B) deny
(C) shriek

(D) pursue
_____3. something strange is afoot
(A) underneath
(B) going on
(C) clandestine
(D) covert
_____4. unethical behavior
(A) judicial
(B) impartial
(C) unprincipled
(D) competent
_____5. an overwrought child
(A) heavy
(B) unmannerly
(C) placid
(D) excited
EXERCISES: WORDS IN CONTEXT
Directions: Define each of the following underlined words, based on the way it is
used in the phrase. Write the letter of your choice in the space provided.
06_TOEFL Vocab,Ch6,117-142 8/4/06, 12:40135