Tài liệu Hawaiian Cultural History pptx

Aloha!
A Culture History of Hawai’i
By
Hanna Beth “Po’o ‘Ele’ele” Blum
and Chris “Kilika” Liang
November 12, 2001

Wafted is the breath of the lau’e fern.
The essence of the beloved waters alights like mist.
Beloved is the covering of the sea spray,
Drawing concealment listening, inquiring intently.
The lehua of the misty face brings mist.
The lehua of the misty face brings mist.
The mist unafraid of the cold,
The cold of the pathway of life.
Mauna Hina is a pathway directing mankind.
Perhaps it is just I who will succumb.
Perhaps you and I, or the large assembly, will Succumb.
Wait!
Cold, just cold!
Mapu ka hanu o ka laua’e
Mapu noe ka poli o ka wai aloha
Aloha I ke kapa ‘ehu kai,
Hauki palai, huki, lohe, noi kahau.
Noe mai la ka lehua makanoe.
Noe ka lehua makanoe,
Noe wiwo’ole I ke anu,
Anu I ke ala kipapa ola e,
Ala e kuhikuhi lima kanaka ‘o Mauna Hina e.
E hina no paha ‘o wau wale no.

E hina no paha e kaua, e ka’aha nui e.
Alia lae!
He anu, he anu wale no

A Brief History of
Hawai’i
•
AD 500-700 – settled by
Polynesians from the Marquesa
Islands
•
11-14
th
centuries – Tahitians
took over islands
•
300,000 Hawaiians lived on
islands when Captain Cook
arrived
•
1778 – Captain Cook landed in
Waimea, Kaua‘i.
•
1810 – King Kamehamela
unified islands for first time
The Polynesian Islands


More History…get excited
More History…get excited

•
1820 - First missionaries arrived from Boston
•
1835 - Established sugar cane plantations
•
1848 - King Kamehameha III proclaimed the Great Mahele
(division), changing the concept of land ownership
•
1850 – Foreigners can buy land and work in sugar and
pineapple plantations
•
1893 – Coup forces Queen Liliuokalani to abdicate thrown.
Monarchy is overthrown
•
1894 – Republic of Hawaii is established
•
1900 – US annexes Hawaii and creates the Territory of Hawaii
•
1941 – Pearl Harbor bombing
•
1950 – Hawaii becomes the 50
th
state of the Union

Mythology

In the beginning…
•
Po – vast and empty land
•

Spirit Keawe formed the sky and sun
from Po’a, a single flame
•
Transformed into Nawahine
(daughter) and Kane (sun-god)
•
Royal family:
- Ku (war) - Lake (hula)
- Lono (wisdom, rain) - Hina (underwater)
- Kane (natural phenomenon) - Papa (nature)
- Kanaloa (fishermen) -Milu (spirit world)

Poli’ahu
The snow goddess

Polynesian Voyage
Two legends


Hawai’iloa, a fisherman from land of Ka’Aina Kai Melemelea
Kane (land of the yellow sea of Kane)
- Big Island named after him
- Maui, Kaua’I, and O’ahu named after his sons
- All Hawaiians are his descendents

Tafa’i (son of underwater goddess) saw volcanoes undersea and
fished up the islands

Strong connection between legends of discovery and fishing

Canoes
•
Built with tools of stone,
bone, and corals
•
Dug out of tree trunks or
planks sewn together
•
Sails made from coconut
or pandulus leaves woven
together
•
Could travel 2000 miles
(Hawai’i to Tahiti)
•
Faster than Cpt Cook’s
ships
•
No navigational equipment
A deck bridged two hulls
for longer voyages.

Ancient Culture
•
Culturally similar to inhabitants of Tonga
and Somoan Islands
•
Language, archeological, and biological
evidence points to Hiva (Marquesa) Islands
as origin

1976 Bicentennial Celebration
of American Independence –
Reenact voyage from Hawai’i
to Tahiti

Captain Cook
•
British sailor
•
3 voyages to Pacific
•
1778 landed in
Waimea, Kaua'I;
received in peace
•
1778 – returned to
distrusting Hawaiians;
perished on the beach
HMS Resolution

He’e nalu
•
1500 AD
•
1779 Captain King
•
1820 Missionaries
•
1890 Almost Extinct
•

1905 Beach Boys
•
1907 Demonstration