Tài liệu Chapter 2: Software & Operating System ATHENA doc

ATHENA
Chapter 2: Software & Operating System
ATHENA
Objective
~ What is the software?
~ How is software categorized?
~ What is an operating system ?
~ What does an operating system do?
ATHENA
What’s the software ?
~ Software is the instructions and associated
data, stored in electronic format, that direct the
computer to accomplish a task.
~ A computer program is a set of detailed,
step-by-step instructions that tells a computer
how to solve a problem or carry out a task.
ATHENA
How is software categorized?
~ Software is categorized as either application
software or system software.
~ Application software is designed to be used
for a purpose such as drawing designs,
creating documents, etc.
~ System software is designed to help the
computer carry out the basic operating
functions
Ex: Operating systems, utilities, and drivers
ATHENA
Operating System Overview: What
is an operating system ?
~ An operating system (OS) is the master

controller for all of the activities that take place
within a computer.
Ex: Microsoft Windows XP, Mac OS, Linux,
UNIX
~ The operating system also interacts with the
next functional layer called application
software.
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How is software categorized?
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What does an operating system do?
Example:
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Personal Computer
Operating Systems
~ Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Unix, and DOS
~ What’s the best-selling operating system?
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Personal Computer
Operating Systems
~ Microsoft Windows is the most popular, and is
installed on over 80% of the world’s personal
computers
~ UNIX was developed in 1969 at AT&T’s Bell
Labs
~ Linux was developed in 1991
~ DOS (Disk Operating System) was developed by
Microsoft
ATHENA
Personal Computer

Operating Systems
~ Different operating systems are needed
for different computing tasks:
• Single-user operating system
– Ex: MS-DOS, Windows 3.1, Windows 3.11
• Multi-user operating system
– Ex: Windows Server 2000/2003
• Network operating system
– Ex: Linux, Unix, Windows Server 2000/2003
• Multitasking operating system
– Ex: Windows Server 2000/2003
• Desktop operating system
– Ex: Windows 95, Windows Me, Windows XP
ATHENA
Summary
~ Software
~ How is software categorized?
~ operating system Overview
~ What does an operating system do?