Tài liệu Toefl cbt book part 45 doc

5. Man: Only by organized teamwork will we be able to finish this entire
project on time.
Woman: I’m game. Who do you want to help?
Narrator: What does the man mean?
6. Woman: The counselor says we should have our student ID. I forgot mine at
home.
Man: Do you have any other identification? Will a driver’s license do?
Woman: No. I guess I’ll have to run home and get it.
Man: If you hurry, you should be back in time.
Narrator: What will the woman probably do next?
7. Man: Excuse me, I hate to bother you, but I can’t concentrate when the two
of you are talking.
Woman: Oh, sorry. We didn’t realize we were bothering you.
Man: Maybe you could just whisper.
Woman: We’ll go out to the hallway. Sorry for the interruption.
Narrator: What will the woman probably do?
8. Man: Susan is thinking of getting a job at a computer store.
Woman: Can she handle that in addition to her other job and classes?
Man: You know Susan — she wouldn’t consider it unless she was sure she
could do it.
Woman: It’ll probably enhance her knowledge of computers, too.
Narrator: What does the man imply about Susan?
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9. Woman: I thought you were going to order new slides for the lab class.
Man: I was going to, but the department head didn’t approve the purchase.
Woman: The ones we have are all cloudy and cracked.
Man: Maybe he’ll listen to you.
Narrator: What does the man mean?
10 . Man: Hey, that’s great news about your promotion.

Woman: What? You must be thinking of someone else. I haven’t heard from
them.
Man: Well, I guess I spoke too soon; I’m sure you’re the one they have in
mind.
Woman: That would be great. I wish they would call.
Narrator: What does the woman imply about her promotion?
11. Woman: Did you proofread the essay?
Man: Yes, and I ran spell check, too.
Woman: Good, you know Professor Roberts is a stickler for good spelling.
Man: And impeccable grammar, too.
Narrator: What do the speakers imply about Professor Roberts?
12 . Man: Professor Hall will put off the exam till next week, won’t he?
Woman: I’m not so sure. He likes to stick to the schedule.
Man: Well, I’d better start studying then.
Woman: Me too.
Narrator: What does the woman imply about Professor Hall?
421
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13 . Woman: What’s that notice from the landlord?
Man: The rent is being increased.
Woman: What? I can’t believe it. They need to spend some money fixing
this place up.
Man: Even so, I’m not sure what we can do about this.
Narrator: What does the woman mean?
14 . Man: Janet said she’s going to the doctor tomorrow.
Woman: But she has to work tomorrow afternoon, doesn’t she?
Man: She had to take the afternoon off for the appointment.
Woman: I hope she’s okay.
Narrator: What does the man imply about Janet?

15 . Woman: I heard that you and some friends were organizing a cruise to the
Caribbean.
Man: It never really got off the ground.
Woman: That’s too bad; it sounded like fun.
Man: Yeah, I’m still planning to go, alone if I have to.
Narrator: What does the man plan to do?
Part B
CD B, Track 12
Narrator: Listen to the following conversation about estate planning.
Woman: Okay, if you add up everything you own, what is the total?
Man: About five hundred thousand, if you add the house, life insurance, and
retirement account. About three fifty if you leave out the life insurance.
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Woman: Do the two of you own everything together now? That is, are all your
accounts and your home jointly owned, and is your spouse the beneficiary on
retirement funds, life insurance, and things like that?
Man: Yes.
Woman: How old are you? And do you have children to whom you want to give
your assets when you pass away?
Man: I’m 55 and she’s 52. Yes, we have three children, and they will be our bene-
ficiaries.
Woman: Fine. You have a couple of choices for your estate plan. You don’t need
a tax-planning trust because your assets fall within the amount that passes free of
estate tax. But you may decide to create a joint trust, which has certain advantages
for you and your heirs. First, let’s talk about how your estate would be handled
with a will. A will is inexpensive to create and simple to deal with while you’re
alive. If one of you dies, the other will most likely not have to do anything with
the will, not because you are married, but because of the way you own things. You

own your assets in a way that allows them to pass to the survivor, so the fact that
you make a will is irrelevant. It’s how you hold your assets that matters. But when
the surviving spouse dies, probate honors the will.
Man: What’s that?
Woman: Probate is the court-monitored administration of your will. By itself,
your will has no effect. After your death, it must go through probate to have valid-
ity. Some people who try to sell trusts make probate sound like a bad word and
make you think that you should avoid its effect at all costs. Yet, probate is a fine
way to take care of many estates, and some people go to far too much trouble try-
ing to avoid it, sometimes creating other problems. The major drawback of pro-
bate in this state is the cost, which is actually a fee that the attorney and personal
representative are permitted to charge. The probate process also takes more time
than a trust administration, and it’s not as private. That is, if somebody wants de-
tails of your estate, they can go to the probate court and see many of the docu-
ments involved.
Man: I’m confused. I thought you had a will made to avoid probate.
Woman: That’s a common misconception. If you die with a will and your assets
are in your name alone, the will is honored through probate. Now let’s talk about
using a trust instead. The document alone isn’t what makes the difference. Think
of a trust like a corporation. In a trust, you own your assets as trustee rather than
owning them in your own name. When you die, the trust continues, just like a
business continues. So the critical part of creating a trust is following through
with changing all your bank accounts and everything you own so that the trust
owns it. You must own some assets individually, like retirement accounts. We
change them by changing beneficiaries or, more likely, contingent beneficiaries.
423
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So when the second spouse dies, the successor trustee who you name in the trust
simply steps in and takes over, handling assets and distributing them to the people

and on the conditions you state in the trust, without court involvement. There is
no delay, my work is minimized, and the document is totally private.
Man: Well then, why in the world wouldn’t I want a trust?
Woman: There are three basic drawbacks to the trust: It costs more to create, you
must make an extra effort by transferring assets into the trust to make it work, and
you must continue to hold everything that way in the future. If you die with any
asset not in the trust, we’ll have to probate that asset. Of course, if that happens,
the probate expense would still be much less than now, because it would be based
only on the one or two assets that aren’t in your trust, instead of all your assets.
Man: Do you suggest a trust for us?
Woman: The decision is yours. Your assets are within the range where a trust
makes financial sense, and your ages are also within that range. If you were still in
your 30s or 40s, it would make less sense. Since the heirs are your children, you
probably want to pass as much to them as possible without diluting it with expenses.
This chart shows the cost of the two routes now versus after you die. If you choose
to do the trust, you’re paying this much more now, for this much benefit later.
Man: I think it makes sense to do the trust. We’ll talk about it and decide soon.
Thank you.
16 . Narrator: What does the man say about his family status?
17. Narrator: What does the man say about his assets?
18 . Narrator: How would you describe the woman’s manner of presentation?
19 . Narrator: What kind of estate planning document does the woman say that
the man needs?
20. Narrator: Which of the following is not a correct description of the
difference between a will and a trust?
21. Narrator: Why does the woman say that the couple won’t have to go
through probate now if only one of them dies?
22. Narrator: How does the woman define probate?
23. Narrator: According to the woman, what is the major drawback of probate?
24. Narrator: Does the woman imply that she would suggest the same type of

estate planning if the couple were younger?
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CD B, Track 13
Narrator: Listen to the following speech about alcoholism.
Woman: It has long been recognized that those people with a family history of al-
coholism are at much higher risk of becoming alcoholics themselves. And it’s also
known that this isn’t just sociological, because it happens even when the children
don’t grow up in the same home with the alcoholic. Researchers in the United
States have located a specific hormone in the brain that can indicate a predisposi-
tion for the disease.
Beta-endorphin is a hormone that produces euphoria and acts like morphine. The
body produces this hormone to help control pain during childbirth and other phys-
ical trauma. The hormone also contributes to the feeling of well being that accom-
panies intoxication. It’s now known that in people with a family history of
alcoholism, the response to the beta-endorphin is greater and more prolonged than
in those people who aren’t apt to abuse alcohol. This hormone reaction is what
causes a potential alcoholic to crave alcohol. Researchers also learned that the
manner in which the person responds to the hormone can be inherited.
Of course, not everybody in the family of an alcoholic will abuse alcohol. This is
because the reaction to the hormone does not affect everybody who is genetically
related to the alcoholic. It’s believed that with the new knowledge, doctors will soon
be able to test a family and determine who is likely to abuse alcohol and who is not.
However, researchers are quick to point out that people who are prone to alco-
holism many times do not succumb to the disease simply because they choose not
to drink and never get to the point that the inherited trait affects them.
25. Narrator: What fact does the speaker state as common knowledge?
26. Narrator: What example does the woman give to indicate that alcoholism is
not just sociological?

27. Narrator: What is beta-endorphin, according to the speaker?
28. Narrator: Which of the following does the speaker not imply would be a
true statement about beta-endorphins?
29. Narrator: What does the speaker indicate is the difference between a person
with alcoholic tendencies and a person without them?
30. Narrator: What does the speaker say about family members inheriting the
alcoholic trait?
31. Narrator: Does the speaker indicate that everybody with the reaction to
beta-endorphin will become alcoholic?
425
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CD B, Track 14
Narrator: Listen to the following conversation about a law class.
Woman: Did you go to class today? What happened?
Man: We began talking about torts.
Woman: About what? I’ve never heard that word in my life.
Man: A tort is a civil wrong. You know, like not a criminal matter. Something
somebody does negligently that harms somebody else.
Woman: A tort? T-O-R-T?
Man: Yep, that’s it. We’re going to talk about torts for the next couple of weeks,
so you’d better get used to it.
Woman: Okay, tell me what was discussed about these torts.
Man: A guy is driving down the street and strikes a kid on his bicycle, and the kid
is injured or dies. The driver may have committed a tort — negligence — or
worse. What if the kid just ran out in front of him, and he had no way to avoid it?
If he wasn’t drunk or anything, he wouldn’t be charged with a crime, and he
wouldn’t have committed a tort. But let’s say that the driver hit the kid on the
sidewalk or in a protected crosswalk or something. The driver could be guilty of a
crime if what he did was outrageous, or if he was drunk or something. But if he

wasn’t — if it was just a bad accident, but the driver was at fault — that would be
a tort. Even though it’s not a crime, the kid’s family could sue the driver for negli-
gence, wrongful death, and stuff like that. They could collect money damages.
That’s what a tort is — civil law as opposed to criminal law.
Woman: I’m still not sure I get it. Let’s look at a legal dictionary. Okay, here —
from the Latin “torquere,” meaning “to twist or twisted.” What? That’s really
weird. “A private or civil wrong or injury for which a court will grant a remedy in
the form of money or other damages.” I guess that’s just what you said, isn’t it?
Man: Yes. Continue.
Woman: “A violation of a duty imposed by law upon all persons occupying the
relation to each other that is involved in a given matter. Three elements of every
tort action are: existence of legal duty from defendant to plaintiff, breach of the
duty, and damage as proximate result.”
Man: So apply that definition to the car accident.
Woman: First, it must be found that the driver had a duty to drive carefully, a
duty not to hit the boy. It must then be shown that he breached the duty. If he had
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a duty to drive carefully, and he didn’t, he breached the duty. And, if the child was
injured or died, there was damage. I don’t know what a “proximate result” is.
Man: It’s kind of like a direct consequence. There were some cases we studied
where all kinds of things happened as the result of one little accident, and basi-
cally you couldn’t get damages against the guy for all of them because they
weren’t foreseeable. For example, the kid’s father sees the accident and has a
heart attack. The man can’t be responsible for that too, because how could he
know that would happen just because he drove carelessly?
Woman: I guess I’d better read some of this stuff. It’s pretty complicated. But I
appreciate what you’ve told me. I guess I understand some of it.
32. Narrator: Why is the woman asking the man for help?

33. Narrator: What do the speakers say is the difference between a tort and a
crime?
34. Narrator: According to the man, how long will the class be studying torts?
35. Narrator: What does the man imply would happen if the driver drove
carefully and the child darted out in front of him?
36. Narrator: According to the man, is it possible to commit both a crime and a
tort?
37. Narrator: According to the definition read by the woman, which of the
following could be a tort?
38. Narrator: What is the woman probably going to do?
427
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CliffsNotes
LITERATURE NOTES
Absalom, Absalom!
The Aeneid
Agamemnon
Alice in Wonderland
All the King’s Men
All the Pretty Horses
All Quiet on Western Front
All’s Well & Merry Wives
American Poets of the 20th Century
American Tragedy
Animal Farm
Anna Karenina
Anthem
Antony and Cleopatra
Aristotle’s Ethics

As I Lay Dying
The Assistant
As You Like It
Atlas Shrugged
Autobiography of Ben Franklin
Autobiography of Malcolm X
The Awakening
Babbit
Bartleby & Benito Cereno
The Bean Trees
The Bear
The Bell Jar
Beloved
Beowulf
The Bible
Billy Budd & Typee
Black Boy
Black Like Me
Bleak House
Bless Me, Ultima
The Bluest Eye & Sula
Brave New World
Brothers Karamazov
Call of Wild & White Fang
Candide
The Canterbury Tales
Catch-22
Catcher in the Rye
The Chosen
The Color Purple

Comedy of Errors…
Connecticut Yankee
The Contender
The Count of Monte Cristo
Crime and Punishment
The Crucible
Cry, the Beloved Country
Cyrano de Bergerac
Daisy Miller & Turn…Screw
David Copperfield
Death of a Salesman
The Deerslayer
Diary of Anne Frank
Divine Comedy-I. Inferno
Divine Comedy-II. Purgatorio
Divine Comedy-III. Paradiso
Doctor Faustus
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
Don Juan
Don Quixote
Dracula
Electra & Medea
Emerson’s Essays
Emily Dickinson Poems
Emma
Ethan Frome
The Faerie Queene
Fahrenheit 451
Far from Madding Crowd
A Farewell to Arms

Farewell to Manzanar
Fathers and Sons
Faulkner’s Short Stories
Faust Pt. I & Pt. II
The Federalist
Flowers for Algernon
For Whom the Bell Tolls
The Fountainhead
Frankenstein
The French Lieutenant’s Woman
The Giver
Glass Menagerie & Streetcar
Go Down, Moses
The Good Earth
Grapes of Wrath
Great Expectations
The Great Gatsby
Greek Classics
Gulliver’s Travels
Hamlet
The Handmaid’s Tale
Hard Times
Heart of Darkness & Secret Sharer
Hemingway’s Short Stories
Henry IV Part 1
Henry IV Part 2
Henry V
House Made of Dawn
The House of the Seven Gables
Huckleberry Finn

I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings
Ibsen’s Plays I
Ibsen’s Plays II
The Idiot
Idylls of the King
The Iliad
Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl
Inherit the Wind
Invisible Man
Ivanhoe
Jane Eyre
Joseph Andrews
The Joy Luck Club
Jude the Obscure
Julius Caesar
The Jungle
Kafka’s Short Stories
Keats & Shelley
The Killer Angels
King Lear
The Kitchen God’s Wife
The Last of the Mohicans
Le Morte Darthur
Leaves of Grass
Les Miserables
A Lesson Before Dying
Light in August
The Light in the Forest
Lord Jim
Lord of the Flies

Lord of the Rings
Lost Horizon
Lysistrata & Other Comedies
Macbeth
Madame Bovary
Main Street
The Mayor of Casterbridge
Measure for Measure
The Merchant of Venice
Middlemarch
A Midsummer-Night’s Dream
The Mill on the Floss
Moby-Dick
Moll Flanders
Mrs. Dalloway
Much Ado About Nothing
My Ántonia
Mythology
Narr. …Frederick Douglass
Native Son
New Testament
Night
1984
Notes from Underground
The Odyssey
Oedipus Trilogy
Of Human Bondage
Of Mice and Men
The Old Man and the Sea
Old Testament

Oliver Twist
The Once and Future King
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich
One Flew Over Cuckoo’s Nest
100 Years of Solitude
O’Neill’s Plays
Othello
Our Town
The Outsiders
The Ox-Bow Incident
Paradise Lost
A Passage to India
The Pearl
The Pickwick Papers
The Picture of Dorian Gray
Pilgrim’s Progress
The Plague
Plato’s Euthyphro…
Plato’s The Republic
Poe’s Short Stories
A Portrait of Artist…
The Portrait of a Lady
The Power and the Glory
Pride and Prejudice
The Prince
The Prince and the Pauper
A Raisin in the Sun
The Red Badge of Courage
The Red Pony
The Return of the Native

Richard II
Richard III
The Rise of Silas Lapham
Robinson Crusoe
Roman Classics
Romeo and Juliet
The Scarlet Letter
A Separate Peace
Shakespeare’s Comedies
Shakespeare’s Histories
Shakespeare’s Minor Plays
Shakespeare’s Sonnets
Shakespeare’s Tragedies
Shaw’s Pygmalion & Arms…
Silas Marner
Sir Gawain…Green Knight
Sister Carrie
Slaughterhouse-Five
Snow Falling on Cedars
Song of Solomon
Sons and Lovers
The Sound and the Fury
Steppenwolf & Siddhartha
The Stranger
The Sun Also Rises
T.S. Eliot’s Poems & Plays
A Tale of Two Cities
The Taming of the Shrew
Tartuffe, Misanthrope…
The Tempest

Tender Is the Night
Tess of the D’Urbervilles
Their Eyes Were Watching God
Things Fall Apart
The Three Musketeers
To Kill a Mockingbird
Tom Jones
Tom Sawyer
Treasure Island & Kidnapped
The Trial
Tristram Shandy
Troilus and Cressida
Twelfth Night
Ulysses
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
The Unvanquished
Utopia
Vanity Fair
Vonnegut’s Works
Waiting for Godot
Walden
Walden Two
War and Peace
Who’s Afraid of Virginia…
Winesburg, Ohio
The Winter’s Tale
The Woman Warrior
Worldly Philosophers
Wuthering Heights
A Yellow Raft in Blue Water

For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org