Tài liệu 2D Artwork and 3D Modeling for Game Artists- P15 doc

art directors, 598
artifact, 641
Artistic commands (Filter menu)
Paint Daubs, 266, 350
Sponge, 220
artists. See developers
asphalt textures, 256–264
assets
compound assets
mesh creation, 26–27
overview, 15
defined, 15
Atari, 2
ATI Technologies Web site, 664
audio-video interleave (AVI), 641
Automatic: Planar wrapping, 128, 134
Automatic Mapping feature, 102–103
Automatic section (Command Panel), 138
automatic U-V mapping, 102–103
Avalon Web site, 658
AVI (audio-video interleave), 641
B
B-Spline deformations, 69
backpack (slogre character example), 477
barrel (RF-9 plasma gun)
building, 44–48
researching information about, 432–433
texturing, 459–468
unwrapping, 133–137
Bevel and Emboss effect, 201
Bevel tool, 46

beveling technique, 224, 455
binary space partitioning (BSP), 642
biped objects
adding, adjusting and aligning, 558–560
attaching to character model, 566–569
matching to character model, 561–566
overview, 24, 556
Black Knight Productions Web site, 659
blades, 50–51
Blake Stone, 7
blast mark textures, 347–349
Blending modes
Color Dodge, 302
Hard Light, 389
keyboard shortcuts, 638
Soft Light, 306
blood splat textures, 350–352
Blue’s News Web site, 666
Blur commands (Filter menu)
Gaussian blur, 220, 237, 246, 258, 273
Radial Blur, 349
BMP file format, 629
body (slogre character model)
researching information about, 477
texturing, 502–503
unwrapping, 179
bone textures, 402–406
Border command (Select menu, Modify), 252
bounding boxes, creating, 519–521
brick textures

cement/stucco appearance to, 206–216
cloudy blend, 198
color of, 197
craquelure, 199
cropping, 204
flaws in, correcting, 205
mortar, 199–202
noise, adding, 198
overview, 196
patterns, 202, 204
sizing, 202
Brush Stokes commands (Filter menu)
Crosshatch, 456
Spatter, 211, 275
BSP (binary space partitioning), 642
buffers, 625
buildings, texturing, 590–592
674
Index
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bullet hole textures
on cement, 344–347
on metal, inward, 335–338
on metal, outward, 338–343
bump map, 642
Burn tool, 304
C
Caligari Web site, 662
camouflage textures, 413–416
Canvas Size command (Image menu), 222–223,
259
Cap Holes modifier, 157
CD-ROM, 670–671

cement textures, 219–229
central processing unit (CPU), 5
channel modification, keyboard shortcuts, 637
Channels palette, 212
character models
biped objects
attaching, 566–569
matching to, 561–566
brainstorming and process planning, 17–18
compound asset example, 15
design pre-considerations, 68–69
pivot points, 515–519
slogre character
appendages, aligning and combining,
89–92
arms, building, 82–88
arms, texturing, 502–503
arms, unwrapping, 169–175
body, building, 70–77
body, texturing, 502–503
body, unwrapping, 179
cuffs, texturing, 505–506
exporting to DeepUV, 159
eyes, texturing, 492–495
feet, texturing, 504
first draft concept, 18–20
hands, texturing, 505
harsh angles of, smoothing, 158
head, texturing, 488–492
head, unwrapping, 175–179

legs, building, 78–82
legs, texturing, 502–503
legs, unwrapping, 160–169
map, packing manually, 180
mesh, editing, 152–154
neck, texturing, 500–501
researching information about, 477–479
results of, updating and viewing in 3D
Studio Max, 180–181
skin, adding, 513–515
tusks, adding, 157
tusks, texturing, 497–500
weighting, 569–574
Character Studio
biped objects
adding, adjusting and aligning, 558–560
attaching to character model, 566–569
matching to character model, 561–566
overview, 556
overview, 555
checkerboard map, 440–443
Chisel Hard option, 455
Chrome command (Filter menu, Sketch), 339
ClassicGaming Web site, 3, 666
claws (slogre character example), 477
clipping, 643
Clone Stamp tool, 205, 221, 228, 232
clothing textures
camouflage, 413–416
wrinkles in, 417–419

Clouds command (Filter menu, Render), 198,
209, 219, 230, 248, 250, 256, 265
CLUT (color look-up table), 623
CMYK color mode, 626–627
Codec (coding/decoding), 643
cold lava textures, 248–249
675
Index
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color
brick textures, 197
indexed color, 646
color depth
defined, 618
RGB, 621–623
Color Dodge blending mode, 302
color look-up table (CLUT), 623
color modes
CMYK, 626–627
grayscale, 627
LAB, 628
color modification, keyboard shortcuts, 637
Color Picker (PhotoShop), 197, 199
Color Table command (Image menu, Mode),
218
Command Panel
Automatic section, 138
Cylinder button, 135
Interactive section, 140
Last Optimize Status option, 152

Modifier tab, 152
Pack All button, 144
Packing and Type section, 122
Relax option, 130
Selection button, 135
Tools section, 127
Unfold option, 124
Commander Keen, 6
commands
Add Noise (Filter menu, Noise), 236, 254
Canvas (Image menu), 222–223, 259
Chrome (Filter menu, Sketch), 339
Clouds (Filter menu, Render), 219, 230,
248, 250, 256, 265
Contract (Select menu, Modify), 246, 345
Copy (Edit menu), 467
Crosshatch (Filter menu, Brush Strokes),
456
Curves (Edit menu, Adjust), 280
Define Pattern (Edit menu), 206
Desaturate (Edit menu, Adjust), 284
Difference Clouds (Filter menu, Render),
230, 234, 236, 243, 250
Dust & Scratches (Filter menu, Noise), 214
Emboss (Filter menu, Stylize), 444
Expand (Select menu, Modify), 258, 406
Fill (Edit menu), 206
Find Edges (Filter menu, Stylize), 248, 422
Flatten Image (Layer menu), 290
Flip Horizontal (Edit menu, Transform),

130, 240
Flip Vertically (Edit menu, Transform), 140,
164, 240
Front (View menu), 169
Gaussian blur (Filter menu, Blur), 220, 237,
246, 258
Grain (Filter menu, Texture), 210
Graphic Pen (Filter menu, Sketch), 325,
356
Grid (View menu, Show), 241
Guides and Grid (Edit menu, Preferences),
260
Image Size (Image menu), 218, 238
Import (File menu), 111
Inverse (Select menu), 258, 467
Invert (Edit menu, Adjust), 213, 250
Levels (Edit menu, Adjust), 213, 251
Lighting Effects (Filter menu, Render), 213,
231, 235, 241, 244, 262
Median (Filter menu, Noise), 256, 355
Merged Linked (Layer menu), 285
New Image (File menu), 197
Ocean Ripple (Filter menu, Distort), 426
Offset (Filter menu, Other), 220, 239
Paint Daubs (Filter menu, Artistic), 266, 350
Pointillize (Filter menu, Pixelate), 233
Preferences (File menu), 78
Radial Blur (Filter menu, Blur), 349
Right Hemisphere (Utilities Panel),
145–147

Rotate (Edit menu, Transform), 260, 294
Scale (Edit menu, Transform), 300
676
Index
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Send UV Update (File menu, Export), 164,
180
Show Rulers (View menu), 199
Skew (Edit menu, Transform), 333
Spatter (Filter menu, Brush Strokes), 211,
275
Stained Glass (Filter menu, Texture), 422
Stereolitho file type (File menu, Import),
151
Stroke (Edit menu), 257, 269, 315, 376
Texturizer (Filter menu, Texture), 415
Variations (Edit menu, Adjust), 390
Wave (Filter menu, Distort), 426
Wind (Filter menu, Stylize), 294
compositing textures, 189–190
compound assets
character model, 15
mesh creation, 26–27
concept artist, 596
Configuration Library icon, 69
console games versus personal computers, 5–6
content (asset) creation process, 15–17
Contract command (Select menu, Modify), 246,
345
Control panel, 248

Convert NURBS Patch to Polyhedron tool, 71
Copy command (Edit menu), 467
Corel Web site, 663
Counter-Strike, 9
CPU (central processing unit), 5
Craquelure command (Filter menu, Texture),
199, 201
Create New Channel icon, 212
creative/project director, 598
Crop tool, 204
Crosshatch command (Filter menu, Brush
Strokes), 456
Crystal Caves, 6
cube primitives, 45
cuffs (slogre character example)
researching information about, 477
texturing, 505–506
culling, 643
curves
Add Curve tool, 79
function, 645
isocurves, 72
Curves command (Edit menu, Adjust), 280
Cut button (Mapping panel), 106
cylinder
eight-sided, 44
six-sided, 52
ten-sided, 48
Cylinder button
Command Panel, 135

Mapping panel, 106
cylindrical unwrapping technique, 101
D
decal textures
blast marks, 347–349
blood splats, 350–352
bullet holes
on cement, 344–347
on metal, inward, 335–338
on metal, outward, 338–343
overview, 334
decimation, 644
Deep Paint 3D, 109
DeepUV
Automatic Mapping feature, 102–103
Command Panel
Automatic section, 138
Cylinder button, 135
Interactive section, 140
Pack All button, 144
Packing and Type section, 122
Relax option, 130
Selection button, 135
Tools section, 127
Unfold option, 124
default interface, 101
677
Index
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DeepUV (continued)

exporting to, 159
Free Transform tool, 106
installing, 99
Lasso tool, 120
Mapping panel
Cut button, 106
Cylinder button, 106
Selection button, 107
Sphere button, 109
Material screen, 102
Move tool, 106
overview, 100
Perspective view, 102
Rectangular Selection tool, 104
Rotate tool, 117
View menu, 104
widget, 102
Zoom tools, 117
Define Pattern command (Edit menu), 202,
204, 206
Delete Face tool, 92
Delete Row of Points tool, 81
Desaturate command (Edit menu, Adjust), 284
design (gaming)
history of, 3–4
sketch art, 14–15
U-V mapping, 99
designers, 598
developers, finding employment as, 594–604
development teams, working on, 598

Diablo, 9
dialog boxes
Hide Objects, 556
Import STL File, 111, 151
Layer Styles, 223
Levels, 228
Mirror Options, 155
Object Properties, 113
diamond-plated metal textures, 298–301
Difference Clouds command (Filter menu,
Render), 230, 234, 236, 243, 250
DigitalFlux Web site, 659
DIMM (Dual Inline Memory Module), 644
dinosaur skin textures, 397–399
DirectX, SDK (Software Development Kit), 8
Discreet Web site, 663
Distort commands (Filter menu)
Ocean Ripple, 426
Wave, 426
Dodge tool, 205, 304
DOOM II, 7
dot pitch, 644
Draw Objects tool, 31
Drawing Exchange Format (DXF), 644
drilling, 44
dry lake bed textures, 422–424
Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMM), 644
dummies, adding and manipulating, 575–577
Dungeons and Dragons, 18
Dust & Scratches command (Filter menu,

Noise), 214
DXF (Drawing Exchange Format), 644
dynamic B-spline deformations, 69
dynamic rendering modes, 30–31
E
earth textures, 419–421
edges
Add Edges tool, 57
defined, 607
hiding, 62–63
Edit menu commands
Copy, 467
Define Pattern, 202, 204, 206
Fill, 204, 206
Preferences, Guides and Grid, 260
Stroke, 257, 269, 315, 376
Transform, 106
Flip Horizontal, 130, 240
678
Index
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Flip Vertical, 140, 164, 240
Rotate, 260, 294
Scale, 300
Skew, 333
Edit Mesh modifier, 153
egg-shaped sphere, 37
electronics manufacturers, 3
Elliptical Marquee tool, 321
Elsa Inc. Web site, 664

Emboss command (Filter menu, Stylize), 444
Emboss effect, 201
employment, finding
development teams, working on, 598
knowledge levels, 600
portfolio, 594–595
positions, types of, 596–598
programmers, working with, 600–602
resumes, 594
salaries, 596–598
envelopes, 561
environment map, 645
Erase Vertices tool, 39
errors
in object substraction, 43
in object union, 43
Expand command (Select menu, Modify), 258,
406
export, compound asset creation, 16
Export command (File menu), 164, 180
exporting
to DeepUV, 159
RF-9 plasma gun example, 63–64
extended graphics array (XGA), 6, 656
Extrude tool, 80
Eye Move tool, 31
Eye Rotate tool, 31, 73
Eyeball Design Web site, 659
eyes (slogre character example)
researching information about, 477

texturing, 492–495
F
face (slogre character example), 477
Faces tool, 40
faceting, 645
feathering effects, 336–337
feet (slogre character example), 504
field of view (FOV), 645
file formats
3D Studio Max, 101
BMP, 629
JPEG, 629
Lightwave, 101
PCX, 630
PNG, 630
PSD, 629
TGA, 630
TIFF, 630
Wavefront, 101
File menu commands
Export, Send UV Update, 164, 180
Import, 111, 151
keyboard shortcuts for, 633
New Image, 197
Preferences, 78
Fill command (Edit menu), 204, 206
fillet, 645
Filter menu commands
Artistic
Paint Daubs, 266, 350

Sponge, 220
Blur
Gaussian blur, 220, 237, 246, 258, 273
Radial Blur, 349
Brush Strokes
Crosshatch, 456
Spatter, 211, 275
Distort
Ocean Ripple, 426
Wave, 426
679
Index
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Filter menu commands (continued)
Noise
Add Noise, 198, 201, 209, 236, 254
Dust & Scratches, 214
Median, 256, 355
Other, Offset, 220, 228, 239
Pixelate, Pointillize, 233
Render
Clouds, 198, 209, 219, 230, 248, 250,
256, 265
Difference Clouds, 230, 234, 236, 243,
250
Lighting Effects, 213, 231, 235, 241, 244,
262
Sketch
Chrome, 339
Graphic Pen, 325, 356

Stylize
Emboss, 444
Find Edges, 248, 422
Wind, 294
Texture
Craquelure, 199, 201
Grain, 210
Stained Glass, 400, 422
Texturizer, 415
Final Fantasy, 4
Find Edges command (Filter menu, Stylize),
248, 422
first-person shooters, 8
Flatten Image command (Layer menu),
201, 290
Flip Horizontal command (Edit menu,
Transform), 130, 240
Flip Vertical command (Edit menu, Transform),
140, 164, 240
FOV (field of view), 645
FPS (frames per second), 645
frag, 645
frames per second (FPS), 645
Free Transform tool, 106
Front command (View menu), 169
function curve, 645
fuzziness, 251
G
G-LoK.tsc file, 28
Gamasutra Web site, 666

game artists. See developers
game consoles versus personal computers, 5–6
Game Developer Magazine, 667
Game Development Search Engine, 667
GameDev.Net Web site, 666
games
Age of Empires, 9
Black Stone, 7
Commander Keen, 6–7
Counter-Strike, 9
Crystal Caves, 6
design
history of, 3–4
sketch art, 14–15
U-V mapping, 99
Diablo, 9
DOOM II, 7
Dungeons and Dragons, 18
Final Fantasy, 4
future of, 10
Half-Life, 9
open-ended, 9
Opposing Force, 9
Phantasy Star, 4
Quake, 7, 9
Quake II, 7
Sonic Hedgehog, 4
Super Mario Brothers, 4
textures
animated, 191

compositing, 189–190
hand-drawn, 187–188
photo-based, 188–189
seamless, 190–191
680
Index
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types of, 186
Tomb Raider, 9
Tron, 3
Wolfenstein 3D, 7
Worms Armageddon, 8
gamma, 646
gamut, 646
GarageGames Web site, 596, 667
Gaussian blur command (Filter menu, Blur),
220, 237, 246, 258, 273
Gearbox Software, 10
glass textures, 332–334
gourad, 646
GPU (graphics processing unit), 625
GR Site’s Web site, 659
Gradient tool, 284
Grain command (Filter menu, Texture), 210
granite textures, 233–235
granularity, 620
Graphic Pen command (Filter menu, Sketch),
325, 356
graphics
EGA (extended graphics array), 6

revolution and progress of, 7–8
teams, 8
VGA (video graphics array), 6
graphics processing unit (GPU), 625
grayscale color mode, 627
Grid command (View menu, Show), 241
Grid Snap tool, 36, 44
grip (RF-9 plasma gun)
building, 48–52
researching information about, 433
texturing, 453–458
Guides and Grid command (Edit menu,
Preferences), 260
H
Half-Life, 9–10
hand-draw textures, 187–188
hands (slogre character example), texturing,
505
Hard Light blending mode, 389
head (slogre character model)
texturing, 488–492
unwrapping, 175–179
Hewlett-Packard Web site, 665
Hide Objects dialog box, 556
high polygon meshes, 31–33
hoops (RF-9 plasma gun)
researching information about, 433
texturing, 443–449
hose (RF-9 plasma gun)
researching information about, 433

texturing, 450–453
hot lava textures, 243–247
hue, 646
Hue/Saturation command (Edit menu, Adjust),
208
I
icons
Configuration Library, 69
Create New Channel, 212
NURBS Sphere, 70
Open Schematic View, 522
Image menu commands
Adjust
Curves, 280
Desaturate, 284
Hue/Saturation, 208
Invert, 213, 250
Levels, 207, 213, 232, 243, 245, 251
Variations, 390
Canvas Size, 222–223, 259
Image Size, 202, 218, 238
Mode, Color Table, 218
Rotate Canvas, Arbitrary, 203
Image Size command (Image menu), 202, 218,
238
681
Index
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images
flattening, 201

palletizing, 217–218
resizing, 217–218
Import command (File menu), 111, 151
Import STL File dialog box, 111, 151
Import UV’s button, 145–147
indexed color, 646
infinite light, 646
inorganic textures, 187–188
installing
DeepUV, 99
trueSpace, 28
Intellvision, 2
Interactive: Cylinder mapping, 133
Interactive: Planar wrapping, 128
Interactive: Sphere mapping, 176
Interactive section (Command Panel), 140
interlacing, 646
Inverse command (Select menu), 258, 467
inverse kinematics, 647
Invert command (Edit menu, Adjust),
213, 250
isocurves, 72
J
jagged textures, 328–329
Jasc Web site, 663
jobs. See employment, finding
Join button, 172
JPEG file format, 629
K
kerning, 647

keyboard shortcuts
blending modes, 638
channel modification, 637
color modification, 637
File menu, 633
layer modification, 637
most frequently used, 632
my editing, 635
palette display, 636
selection modification, 636
toolbox, 634–635
views, 633
keyframes, 647
L
lab artist, 597
LAB color mode, 628
lakes, dry lake bed texture, 422–424
Lasso tool, 120, 176, 292, 303
Last Optimize Status option (Command
Panel), 152
lathing, 647
lava textures
cold lava, 248–249
hot lava, 243–247
Layer menu commands
Flatten Image, 201, 290
Merge Linked, 285
layer modification, keyboard shortcuts, 637
Layer Styles dialog box, 223
Layers palette, 232

Lead animator, 597
lead designers, 598
lead level designers, 598
lead modeler, 597
leading, 647
legs (slogre character model)
building, 78–82
researching information about, 477
texturing, 502–503
unwrapping, 160–169
level designers, 598
level of detail (LOD), 35, 114, 529–532
Levels command (Edit menu, Adjust), 207, 213,
232, 243, 245, 251
682
Index
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Levels dialog box, 228
Light Wave Object (LWO), 648
Lighting Effects command (Filter menu,
Render), 213, 231, 235, 241, 244, 262
Lightwave file format, 101
lizard skin textures, 397–399
LOD (level of detail), 35, 114, 529–532
LWO (Light Wave Object), 648
M
Magic Ring, 38
Magic Wand tool, 326, 400
mane (slogre character example), 477
Manipulation Res variable, 71

manual U-V mapping, 104–109
manufacturers, electronics, 3
mapping. See also U-V mapping
checkerboard map, 440–443
MIP map, 649
Mapping panel (DeepUV)
Cut button, 106
Cylinder button, 106
Selection button, 107
Sphere button, 109
marble textures, 249–255
marching ants, 648
Material screen (DeepUV), 102
Maxforums Web site, 660
Median command (Filter menu, Noise), 256,
355
medieval brick texture, 265–277, 367
medieval castle textures, house gate
bindings, 370–373
drop handle, 374–378
overview, 365–366
vertical boards, 367–369
memory
ROM (read-only memory), 3
video memory, 625–626
Merge Linked command (Layer menu), 285
mesh creation
compound asset creation, 16
Edit Mesh modifier, 153
high polygon, 31–33

low-resolution, 16
mirroring and attaching, 155–157
RF-9 plasma gun example, 26–27
metal textures, 287–291
basic, 278–279
diamond-plated, 298–301
from images, 281–286
panels, 306–311
peeling paint on, 302–305
pipes, 311–317
rivets and screws, 320–324
rusted
basic, 287–291
dripping rust, 292–295
rusted catwalk, 296–297
shiny, 279–281
wires, 318–319
Midtones and Highlights markers, 232
mineral rock textures, 229–233
MIP map, 649
Mirror Options dialog box, 155
Mode command (Image menu), 218
modeling programs, misconceptions about, 16
Modifier tab (Command Panel), 152
Modify commands (Select menu)
Border, 252
Contract, 246, 345
Expand, 258, 406
Modpages Web site, 661
monochrome, 649

Monster.com Web site, 594
mortar, brick textures, 199–202
motion blur, 649
Move tool, 36, 106
MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group), 649
683
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muzzle (RF-9 plasma gun)
building, 44–48
researching information about, 432
texturing, 469–471
unwrapping, 140–143
My Editing keyboard shortcuts, 635
N
nails (slogre character example), 477
NES (Nintendo Entertainment System), 4
New Image command (File menu), 197
Newtek Web site, 663
Nintendo, 4
Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), 4
Nintendo64, 7
node points, adding, 522–526
Noise command (Filter menu)
Add Noise, 198, 201, 209, 236, 254
Dust & Scratches, 214
Median, 256, 355
Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS), 35,
69, 611
normals, 612

NURBS isocurves, 72
NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline), 35,
69, 611
NURBS Patch to Polyhedron tool, 89
NURBS Sphere icon, 70
nVidia Web site, 665
O
OBJ property (trueSpace), 650
object geometry, 606–608
Object Info panel (trueSpace), 28–30
object origin, 607
Object Properties dialog box, 113
Object Rotate tool, 36
Object Subtraction tool, 42–44
Object tool, 36
Object Union tool, 43, 47
Ocean Ripple command (Filter menu, Distort),
426
Offset command (Filter menu, Other), 220,
228, 239
open-ended games, 9
Open Schematic View icon, 522
OpenGL, 650
Opposing Force, 9
organic-style packing, 144
organic textures, 187–188, 195–196
orthogonal view, 650
Other commands (Filter menu), 220, 228, 239
overlay planes, 650
P

Pack All button (Command Panel), 144
Pack Selection button, 123
Packing and Type section (Command Panel),
122
Paint Daubs command (Filter menu, Artistic),
266, 350
palette display, keyboard shortcuts, 636
palletizing images, 217–218
Pan tool, 153
particle system, 650
patch, 72, 650
Patch Edit: Points tool, 73
PCX file format, 630
PDF (Portable Document Format), 650
peeling paint on metal textures, 302–305
per-pixel shading, 650
personal computers versus game consoles, 5–6
Perspective view (DeepUV), 102
Phantasy Star, 4
phong, 651
photo-based textures, 188–189
684
Index
TEAMFLY

Team-Fly
®

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Photoshop
Actions palette, 255
Airbrush tool, 347
Blending mode
Color Dodge, 302
Hard Light, 389
Soft Light, 306
Burn tool, 304
Channels palette, 212

Clone Stamp tool, 205, 221, 228, 232
Color Picker, 197, 199
Crop tool, 204
Dodge tool, 205, 304
Edit menu commands
Define Pattern, 202, 204, 206
Fill, 204, 206
Preferences, Guides and Grid, 260
Stroke, 257, 269, 315, 376
Transform, Flip Horizontal, 240
Transform, Flip Vertical, 240
Transform, Rotate, 260, 294
Transform, Scale, 300
Transform, Skew, 333
Elliptical Marquee tool, 321
File menu commands, New Image, 197
Filter menu commands
Artistic, Paint Daubs, 266, 350
Artistic, Sponge, 220
Blur, Gaussian blur, 220, 237, 246, 258,
273
Blur, Radial Blur, 349
Brush Strokes, Spatter, 211, 275
Distort, Ocean Ripple, 426
Distort, Wave, 426
Noise, Add Noise, 198, 201, 209, 236,
254
Noise, Dust & Scratches, 214
Noise, Median, 256, 355
Other, Offset, 220, 228, 239

Pixelate, Pointillize, 233
Render, Clouds, 198, 209, 219, 230, 248,
250, 256, 265
Render, Difference Clouds, 230, 234,
236, 243, 250
Render, Lighting Effects, 213, 231, 235,
241, 244, 262
Sketch, Chrome, 339
Sketch, Graphic Pen, 325, 356
Stylize, Find Edges, 248, 422
Stylize, Wind, 294
Texture, Craquelure, 199, 201
Texture, Grain, 210
Texture, Stained Glass, 400, 422
Texture, Texturizer, 415
Gradient tool, 284
Image menu commands
Adjust, Curves, 280
Adjust, Desaturate, 284
Adjust, Hue/Saturation, 208
Adjust, Invert, 213, 250
Adjust, Levels, 207, 213, 232, 243, 245,
251
Adjust, Variations, 390
Canvas Size, 222–223, 259
Image Size, 202, 218, 238
Mode, Color Table, 218
Rotate Canvas, Arbitrary, 203
Lasso tool, 292, 303
Layer menu

Flatten Image, 201, 290
Merge Linked, 285
Layer Styles dialog box, 223
Layers palette, 232
Magic Wand tool, 326, 400
Pillow Emboss styles, 252
Polygonal Lasso tool, 298, 315
Quick Mask mode, 211
Radial Gradient tool, 321
685
Index
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Photoshop (continued)
Rectangular Marquee tool, 227, 239, 269,
271
Reflected Gradient tool, 314
RGB channel, Stop Playing/Recording
button, 267
Select menu commands
Inverse, 258
Modify, Border, 252
Modify, Contract, 246, 345
Modify, Expand, 258, 406
Snap and Grids feature, 267–268, 296
View menu commands
Show, Grid, 241
Show Rulers, 199
Pillow Emboss styles, 252
pipe textures, metal
basic, 311–314

bent pipes, 314–317
pivot points, character and weapon models,
515–519
Pixelate commands (Filter menu), 233
pixels, 618
planar unwrapping technique, 101
Planet Half-Life Web site, 661
Planet Quake Web site, 661
Planet Unreal Web site, 661
planetary textures
dry lake bed, 422–424
earth, 419–421
water, 425–427
PNG file format, 630
point editing, 31
point of view (POV), 651
Pointillize command (Filter menu, Pixelate),
233
Polygonal Lasso tool, 298, 315
polygons
basic form of, 609
checks, running, 113–114
high polygon meshes, 31–33
polygon count, 34–35
polyhedron, 651
Portable Document Format (PDF), 650
portfolios, 594–595
POV (point of view), 651
Preferences command (File menu), 78, 260
Premier Press Books Web site, 668

Primitives panel, 38
processing speeds, 5
programmers, working with, 600–602
project directors, 598
PSD file format, 629
Q
quad divide, 651
Quad Divide tools, 63
Quake, 8–9
Quake II, 8
quartz-like textures, 233–235
Quick Mask mode, 211
Quick Weld option (Import STL File dialog
box), 151
R
Radial Blur command (Filter menu, Blur), 349
Radial Gradient tool, 321
radiosity, 652
RAMDOC (random access memory digital to
analog converter), 652
read-only memory (ROM), 3
Rectangle button, 123
Rectangle selection tool, 172–173
rectangle-style packing, 144
Rectangular Marquee tool, 227, 239, 269, 271
Rectangular Selection tool, 53, 104
Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC), 10
reference plane, 35–36
references, 556
Refine Patch tool, 74, 81

Reflected Gradient tool, 314
reflection, 652
686
Index
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refraction, 652
Relax option (Command Panel), 130
Render command (Filter menu)
Clouds, 198, 209, 219, 230, 248, 250, 256,
265
Difference Clouds, 230, 234, 236, 243, 250
Lighting Effects, 213, 231, 235, 241, 244,
262
rendering, 614–615
resolution, 618
resumes, 594–595
Return to Castle Wolfenstein, 10
RF-9 plasma gun
barrel
building, 44–48
texturing, 459–468
unwrapping, 133–137
exporting, 63–64
grip
building, 48–52
texturing, 453–458
grip, unwrapping, 117–127
hoops
building, 53–58
texturing, 443–449

unwrapping, 138–140
hose, texturing, 450–453
map, retrieving manually, 145–147
mesh creation, 26–27
modeling process and planning, 33
muzzle
building, 37–42, 433
texturing, 469–471
unwrapping, 140–143
optimize and triangulate, 58–63
painting, 58
rear hoop, unwrapping, 127–132
reference plane, setting up, 35–36
researching information about, 432
sketch art concepts, 20–23
target polygon count, 34–35
trigger, texturing, 453–458
unfolded pieces, arranging, 143–145
RGB channel, Stop Playing/Recording button,
267
RGB color channels, 623
RGB color depth, 621–623
rhinoceros skin textures, 400–402
Ricaldi, Lars, 19
Right Hemisphere command (Utilities Panel),
145–147
Right Hemisphere Web site, 664
RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing), 10
rock and stone textures
asphalt, 256–264

granite, 233–235
hot lava, 243–247
marble, 249–255
mineral rock, 229–233
sandstone, 236–242
stone wall set, 264–277
role-playing game (RPG), 8
ROM (read-only memory), 3
Rotate canvas command (Image menu), 203
Rotate command (Edit menu, Transform), 260,
294
Rotate tool, 117
RPG (role-playing game), 8
rusted metal textures
basic, 287–291
dripping rust, 292–295
rusted catwalk, 296–297
S
salaries, 596–598
sandstone textures, 236–242
Scale By command (Edit menu, Transform),
106
Scale command (Edit menu, Transform), 300
Scale tool, 38
SDK (Software Development Kit), 8
687
Index
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SDRAM (synchronous dynamic random access
memory), 653

seamless textures, 190–191
seams
alignment, suggestions for, 168
defined, 133
Sega, 4
Sega Saturn, 7
segments, 653
Select menu commands
Inverse, 258, 467
Modify
Border, 252
Contract, 246, 345
Expand, 258, 406
Select Using Rectangle tool, 38
Selection button
Command Panel, 135
Mapping panel, 107
selection modification, keyboard shortcuts, 636
Send UV Update command (Edit menu,
Export), 164, 180
shaders, 653
Shadows and Highlights markers, 253
Shadows marker, 243
shared points, 138
sharing U-V space, 126
shiny metal textures, 279–281
shortcuts. See keyboard shortcuts
Show command (View menu), Grid, 241
Show Rulers command (View menu), 199
sites. See Web sites

six-sided cylinder, 52
sketch art
compound asset creation, 16
importance of, 14–15
slogre character, first draft concept, 18–20
Sketch commands (Filter menu)
Chrome, 339
Graphic Pen, 325, 356
skew, 653
Skew command (Edit menu, Transform), 333
skin textures
adding, slogre character example, 513–515
lizard/dinosaur skin, 397–399
overview, 396
rhinoceros skin, 400–402
torn flesh, 406–412
slogre character
appendages, aligning and combining, 89–92
arms
building, 82–88
texturing, 502–503
unwrapping, 169–175
body
building, 70–77
texturing, 502–503
unwrapping, 179
brainstorming and process planning, 17–18
cuffs, texturing, 505–506
exporting to DeepUV, 159
eyes, texturing, 492–495

feet, texturing, 504
first draft concept, 18–20
hands, texturing, 505
harsh angles of, smoothing, 158
head
texturing, 488–492
unwrapping, 175–179
legs
building, 78–82
texturing, 502–503
unwrapping, 160–169
map, packing manually, 180
mesh, editing, 152–154
neck, texturing, 500–501
researching information about, 477–479
results of, updating and viewing in 3D
Studio Max, 180–181
skin, adding, 513–515
688
Index
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tusks
adding, 157
texturing, 497–500
weighting, 569–574
Smooth modifier, 158
Snap and Grid feature, 267–268, 296
Soft Light blending mode, 306
Software Development Kit (SDK), 8
Sonic HedgeHog, 4

Spatter command (Filter menu, Brush Stroke),
211, 275
Sphere button (Mapping panel), 109
spheres
copying and positioning, 40
deleting, 40
egg-shaped, 37
elongating, 38
scaling and moving, 42
segments of, selecting, 39
twelve-segment, 38
spherical unwrapping technique, 101
splines, 610
Sponge command (Filter menu, Artistic), 220
spot lights, 49
sprites, 653
Stained Glass command (Filter menu, Texture),
400, 422
Static Res number, 71
stencil buffering, 653
Stereolitho file type, 151
STL (stereolithography), 63
Check modifier, 112
file, importing, 111
stone textures. See rock and stone textures
Stop/Playing Recording button (RGB channel),
267
storyboarding. See sketch art
Stroke command (Edit menu), 257, 269, 315,
376

Studio LOGICBit Web site, 660
Stylize command (Filter menu)
Emboss, 444
Find Edges, 248, 422
Wind, 294
subdivision surface, 654
Super Extended Graphics Array (SXGA),
654
Super Mario Brothers, 4
SVGA (Super Video Graphics Array), 654
Sweep tool, 41, 45
SXGA (Super Extended Graphics Array),
654
T
teams
development teams, 598
graphics development, 8
tearing, 654
Terrain Editor, 588–590
tessellate, 654
Texture command (Filter menu)
Craquelure, 199, 201
Grain, 210
Stained Glass, 400, 422
Texturizer, 415
texture coordinates, 16
texture/environment artist, 597
texture resolution (trueSpace), 31
Texture World Web site, 660
textures

bone, 402–406
brick textures. see brick textures
cement. see cement
clothing
camouflage, 413–416
wrinkles in, 417–419
creation guidelines, 195–196
decals. see decal textures
defined, 613
689
Index
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textures (continued)
game textures
animated, 191
compositing, 189–190
hand-drawn, 187–188
photo-based, 188–189
seamless, 190–191
types of, 186
glass, 332–334
inorganic, 187–188
medieval castle. see medieval castle textures,
house gate
metal. see metal textures
organic, 187–188
planetary
dry lake bed, 422–424
earth, 419–421
water, 425–427

rock. see rock and stone textures
skin. see skin textures
stone. see rock and stone textures
water, 425–427
wood. see wood textures
work-to-time ratio, 393
texturing
buildings, 590–592
compound asset creation, 16
RF-9 plasma gun example
barrel, 459–468
grip, 453–458
hoops, 443–453
hose, 450–453
muzzle, 469–471
trigger, 453–458
slogre example
arms, 502–503
body, 502–503
cuffs, 505–506
eyes, 492–495
feet, 504
hands, 505
head, 488–492
legs, 502–503
neck, 500–501
researching information about, 477–479
tusks, 497–500
techniques for, 434
Texturizer command (Filter menu, Texture),

415
TGA file format, 630
TIFF file format, 630
tiling textures. See also brick textures
cement, creating from images, 226–229
design considerations, 206
random, 225–226
Tip tool, 51
toggle displays, keyboard shortcuts, 636
tolerance, 654
To mb Raider, 9
toolbox keyboard shortcuts, 634–635
Tools section (Command Panel), 127
torn flesh textures, 406–412
Torque engine, 586–590, 592–593
torus, 654
trajectory, 654
Transform command (Edit menu), 106
Flip Horizontal, 130, 240
Flip Vertical, 140, 164, 240
Rotate, 260, 294
Scale, 300
Skew, 333
transformation, defined, 609
Transparent Wireframe mode, 30–31
Triangulate tool, 63
triangulation, 62–63, 113
trigger (RF-9 plasma gun example), 453–458
Trinity 3D Web site, 660
Tron, 3

trueSpace
Add Curve tool, 79
690
Index
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Add Edges tool, 57
Add Vertex tool, 86
Bevel tool, 46
Convert NURBS Patch to Polyhedron tool,
71
default configuration, 71
Delete Face tool, 92
Delete Row of Points tool, 81
Draw Objects tool, 31
dynamic rendering modes, setting, 30–31
Erase Vertices tool, 39
Extrude tool, 80
Eye Move tool, 31
Eye Rotate tool, 31, 73
Faces tool, 40
Grid Snap tool, 36, 44
installing, 28
Magic Ring, 38
Move tool, 36
NURBS Patch to Polyhedron tool, 89
OBJ property, 650
Object Info panel, 28–30
Object Rotate tool, 36
Object Substraction tool, 42, 44
Object tool, 36

Object Union tool, 47
Patch Edit: Points tool, 73
Point Edit tools, 31
Primitives panel, 38
Quad Divide tools, 63
Rectangular Selection tool, 53
Refine Patch tool, 74, 81
Scale tool, 38
Select Using Rectangle tool, 38
STL (stereolithography) formats, 63
Sweep tool, 41, 45
texture resolution, 31
Tip tool, 51
Transparent Wireframe mode, 30–31
Triangulate tool, 63
tutorial, 34
Weld Vertices tool, 59
tusks (slogre character example)
adding, 157
researching information about, 477
texturing, 497–500
tutorial, trueSpace, 34
Tweak 3D Web site, 665
tweening, 655
U
U-V mapping
automatic mapping, 102–103
compound asset creation, 16
manual mapping, 104–109
overlapping, 364

space, sharing, 126
unwrapping, 33, 101
ultra true color, 655
Undying, 10
Unfold option (Command Panel), 124
union operations, slogre character model
example, 89–92
Unreal Tournament, 10
UnrealFiles Web site, 661
Unrealized Web sites, 662
Unwrap UVW modifier, 145–147
unwrapping
techniques for, 101
U-V texture coordinates, 33
Utilities Panel menu, Right Hemisphere,
145–147
V
Valve ERC Web site, 662
Variations command (Edit menu, Adjust), 390
vector graphics, 655
vertex smoothing, 655
691
Index
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vertices
defined, 607
excess, eliminating, 59
VGA (video graphics array), 6
video memory, 625–626
video post, 655

Video Random Access Memory (VRAM), 625
View menu commands
Front, 169
Show, Grid, 241
Show Rulers, 199
views, keyboard shortcuts for, 633
Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML),
656
volumetrics, 656
voxel, 656
VRAM (Video Random Access Memory), 625
VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language),
656
W
Wacom Web site, 665
water textures, 425–427
Wave command (Filter menu, Distort), 426
Wavefront file format, 101
weapon models
blades, 50–51
mesh creation sketch example, 26–27
pivot points, 515–519
RF-9 plasma gun example, 125–127
barrel, building, 44–48
barrel, texturing, 459–468
barrel, unwrapping, 133–137
exporting, 63–64
front hoop and hose, unwrapping,
138–140
grip, building, 48–52

grip, texturing, 453–458
grip and trigger, unwrapping, 117–124
hoops, texturing, 443–449
hoops and hose, building, 53–58
hose, texturing, 450–453
map, retrieving manually, 145–147
modeling process and planning, 33
muzzle, building, 37–42, 433
muzzle, texturing, 469–471
muzzle, unwrapping, 140–143
optimize and triangulate, 58–63
painting, 58
rear hoop, unwrapping, 127–132
reference planes, setting up, 35–36
researching information about, 432
sketch art ideas and concepts, 24
target polygon count, 34–35
trigger, texturing, 453–458
unfolded pieces, arranging, 143–145
sketch art ideas and concepts for, 20–23
Web sites
3D Cafe, 658
3D Fuel, 659
3D Links, 659
3D Map Realm, 661
Adobe, 662
Apogee, 6
ATI Technologies, 664
Avalon, 658
Black Knight Productions, 659

Blue’s News, 666
Caligari, 662
ClassicGaming, 3, 666
Corel, 663
DigitialFlux, 659
Discreet, 663
Elsa Inc., 664
Eyeball Design, 659
Gamasutra, 666
GameDev.Net, 666
GarageGames, 596, 667
GR Site’s, 659
Hewlett-Packard, 665
692
Index
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Jasc, 663
Maxforums, 660
Modpages, 661
Monster.com, 594
Newtek, 663
nVidia, 665
Planet Half-Life, 661
Planet Quake, 661
Planet Unreal, 661
Premier Press Books, 668
Right Hemisphere, 664
Studio LOGICBit, 660
Texture World, 660
Trinity 3D, 660

Tweak 3D, 665
UnrealFiles, 661
Unrealized, 662
Valve ERC, 662
Wacom, 665
Xtreme Games, LLC, 668
weighting
defined, 555
slogre character example, 569–574
Weld Vertices tool, 59
Width and Height setting (Image Size menu),
238
Wind command (Filter menu, Stylize), 294
wires, metal textures, 318–319
Wolfensten 3D, 7
wood textures, 325–332, 354–363
work-to-time ratio, 393
world origin, defined, 607
Worms Armageddon, 8
wrinkles, in clothing textures, 417–419
X
X-axis, projection alignment, 167
XGA (extended graphics array), 6, 656
Xtreme Games, LLC Web site, 668
Y
Y-axis control, 137
alignment, seams, 173
projection alignment, 167
Z
-Z option (Align axis drop down list), 143

Z-axis control, 137, 167
Z buffer, 656
Zoom tools, 117, 153
693
Index
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License Agreement/Notice of Limited Warranty
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TEAMFLY

Team-Fly
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