Tài liệu Tài liệu ngữ pháp tiếng Anh ppt

MONICACHEMS_I’m the angel of the page!
REVIEW OF STRUCTURE
SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION
Model 1 : Because /as/ since + clause
→
Because of/ due to/ owing to + noun/ V-ing
Because she behaves well, everybody loves her
→
Because of her good behaviour, everybody loves her
Model 2 : although/ thought /even though + clause
→
Despite /in spite of + Noun/ V-ing
In spite of being tired, they stayed until they found out what happened
→
Although they very tired, they ……
Model 3 : too + adj (for sb) + to-inf
→
So + adj + that (clause)
Such + (a/an adj) noun + that (clause)
The box was too heavy that the children couldn’t carry it
→
It was such a heavy box that the children coyldn’t carry it
Model 4 : too + adj (for sb) +to-inf
→
Not + adj + enough (for sb) + to-inf
Mary is too young to grt married
→
Marry isn’t older enough to get married
Model 5 : adj + enough (for sb) + to-inf
→
So + adj + that (clause)

Such + (a/an adj) noun + that (clause)
→
This question is easy enough for us to answer
→
It is such an easy question thet we can answer
Model 6 : so + adj +that(clause)
Such + (a/an adj)noun + that(clause)
→
Too + adj (for sb) + to-inf
Adj + enough (for sb) + to-inf
It was such an interesting novel that I read it many times
The noval was interesting enough for me to read many times
Model 7 : so + adj + that (clause)
Such + (a/an adj ) noun + that (clause)
The film was so good that I saw it three times
→
It was such adj good film that I saw it three times
Model 8 : to-inf + be +adj






+=+
+++
++
inf- to adj be It
inf- to be)(it adj How
ing-V adj be It

more power to your elbow!
1
MONICACHEMS_I’m the angel of the page!
To sit here with you is so nice
→
It's so nice to sit here with you
→
it's so nice sitting here with you
→
how nice it is to sit here with you
Model 9 : to-inf + be + adj /noun
S + V + it + adj/noun + to-inf
To live on my salary must be hard

→
I find it hard to on my salary
Model 10 : condition sentences
a) I can't see the play because it is soiled oiut
→
if the play weren’t soiled out, I could see it
b) we didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money
→
if we had had enoughj money we could have come on holiday
Model 11 : if … not
→
unless
Unless you phone me immediately, you’ll get some information
If you phone me immediately, you will get some information
Model 12 : wish






+→
→
→
if would Future
esubjunctivperfect past Past
esubjunctivpast Present
a) My wife can't speak English
→
I wish my wife could speak English
b) what adj pity you failed in your driving test
→
I wish you hadn’t failed in your driving test
c) She won’t visit me again
→
I wish she would visit me again
Model 13 : S + V (pre perfect) + time
→
It is + time + since + clause (V-simple past)
a) tom and marry have been married for 5 years
→
it is 5 years since tom and marry got married
b) I haven’t my parents for 1 month
→
it's 1 month since I last saw my parents
Model 14 : S + have/has not + V(pp)

→
… first time + S + have/has + pp
I haven’t seen that man here before
→
It's the first time I have seen that man here
Model 15 : S + have/has not + V(pp) + since/for
→
S + last + V (past) + when (clause)
The last times + S + was
a) I haven’t heard him since August
→
the last times I heard him was in August
b) I haven’t seen him since I was a student
→
the last times I saw him when I was a student
Model 16 : S + V (past) + ago
→
S + have/has been + V-ing + since/for
more power to your elbow!
2
MONICACHEMS_I’m the angel of the page!
He started working for this factory a year ago
→
He had been working for this factory since last year
Model 17 : S+V + time
→
It take (O) + time + to-inf
She typed the letter in 20 minutes
→
It took her 20 minutes to type the letter

Model 18 : S + V + not + untill …
→
It was not until… that…
Tom didn’t begin to read until he was eight
→
It was not until tom was eight that he began to read
Model 19 : Causative form
+ Active : S + V + O
S + have + O
1
+ inf + O
2
(have S.O + doing )
Get to-inf
I’ll have Tom wash my car
→
I’ll get Tom to wash my car
+Passive S + have/get + O + V(pp) (have S.th done)
I’ll have the car washed
→
I’ll get the car washed
Model 20 ; Passive form
S + V + O
→
S + be + V (pp) + (by…)
No one has ever dicuss this question
→
That question has never been dicussed
Model 21 :























rumour
find
believe
think
know
say
that …

→
It + be + V (pp) + that …
S
2
+ be + V (pp) + to-inf / to have + pp
a) They think that the owner of the house is abroad
→
it is though that the owner of the house is though to be abroad
→
the owner of the house is though to be abroad
b) people thoug that he had died in the battler
→
it was though that he had died in the battle
Model 22 : adj /adv + er + than
More + adj /adv + than
more power to your elbow!
3
Someone
They
people
Someone
They
people
MONICACHEMS_I’m the angel of the page!
→
The adj /adv + est
The most + adj / adv
No one in the group is younger than her
→
She’s the youngest in the group

Model 23 : not + so / as +adj /adv + as
→
Adj /adv + er + than
Stone isn’t hard as iron
→
Iron is harder than stone
Model 24 : clause 1 + clause 2
The comparative + the comparative
The more + S+V + the more + S + V
Less less
As I get older, I want to travel less
→
The older I get, the less travel I want
Model 25 : hardly (past perfect)…when
Scarely (past perfect)…when
→
No sooner (past perfect)… than
… no sooner (past perfect) … than
he had no sooner seen me than he ran away
he had hardly seen me when he ran away
→
no sooner had he seen me than he ran away
hardly he had seen me when he ran away
Model 26 : S + V = Auxilary + S +V …
He didn't return to his native village until the war ended
→
Not until the war ended, he dud return to his native village
Never [không bao giờ]
Seldom [hiếm khi]
Not only … but also [không những… mà còn]

Not until … [mãi cho tới khi ]
Hardly… when [vừa mới rồi thì]
Hardly ever [ít khi]
Neither …nor [cũng không]
Scarely … when… [vừa… rồi thì lại ]
Only then/when [chỉ lúc đó]
Only by [chỉ bằng cách ]
Only after
ingV
clause
−


Nowhere [không nơi nào]
So…that … [đến nỗi mà]
In no circumtances [không trường hợp nào ]
On no acount [không vì lí do gì]
Model 27 : S+V (not)
→
S + V (not) either
→
Neither… nor
He isn’t going to attend the meeting, I’m not either
more power to your elbow!
4
những trạng từ (đa số là phủ định ) đứng đầu câu đa số ta phải dùng dạng
đảo ngữ
MONICACHEMS_I’m the angel of the page!
→
Neither he nor I am going to attend the meeting

Model 28 : why don’t you + V …?
→
S + suggested + that (clause) (should + V)
“why don’t you apply for the job,Ann ?” said Sue
→
Mary suggestsd that Tom should apply for the job
Model 29 ; indirect speech
a) Tom ask me, “what’s her name ?”
→
Tom ask me what her name was
b) she said: “are you hungry,Tom ?”
→
she asked Tom if he was hungry
c) Mary said to Tom “open the door, please”
→
Mary asked Tom to open the door
d) he said to them : “Don’t be latr tomorrow “
→
he told them not to be late tomorrow
Model 30 : S + V (past)
→
V-ing
(didn’t )
→
not V-ing
(had + pp)
→
having + pp
Tom had failed twice, so he didn’t want to try again
→

Having failed twice, he didn't want to try again
Model 31 : S + cannot + inf
→
S + prevent + O from + V-ing
Because of the rough sea, the farry couldn’t sailed
→
The rough sea prevented the ferry from sailing
Model 32 : adj
→
verb
It isn’t necessary to finish the work today
→
You don’t need to finish the work today
Model 33 : verb
→
noun
He didn’t intend to stay here
→
He had no intention to stay here
Model 34 : clause
→
gerund/phrase
Let’s invite the Browns to the party on Sunday
→
He suggested inviting the Browns to the party on Sunday
Model 35 : simple sentence
→
complex sentence
Youth is the time for the formation of character
→

Youth is the time when character is formed
Model 36 : it's time for S.b to do S.th = it's time … S.b did S.th
more power to your elbow!
5