Unit 1 engineering

Unit 1: Engineering – What is it all about?
 Understand all about engineering.
 Understand

what

electricity

&

electrical engineering are.
 Link the sentences.
 Common verbs in engineering.
I. VOCABULARY
Exercise 1: Match English terms and Vietnamese translation
English
Vietnamese
1
Electronics
a Mạch tích hợp
2
Electricity
b Xây dựng dân dụng
3
Electromagnetism
c Vơn kế
4
Integrated circuit
d Điện tử
5
Transistor

e Kỹ thuật cơ khí
6
Voltmeter
f Điện
7
Civil engineering
g Bóng bán dẫn
8
Mechanical engineering
h Hệ thống sưởi
9
Electrical engineering
i Điện từ
10 Machine
j Phát điện
11 Heating
k Kỹ thuật điện
12 Electricity generation
l X_quang
13 Energy
m Năng lượng
14 Electric current
n Máy
15 X-ray
o Dòng điện
Exercise 2: Use the words underlined in the passage, either in their singular or
plural form, to fill the gaps:
What is electricity?
Electricity is the p henomenon associated with positively and negatively charged
part icles of matt er at rest and in motion, individually or in great numbers. Since every

atom contains both positively and negatively charged particles, electricity is
connected with the physical properties and structure of matter and is an
important factor in physics, chemistry and biology.


1. Lightning is a naturally occurring electrical
2. Electrical conductivity is an important

.
of metals.

3. Atoms, which were once thought to be the smallest

,

are known

to consist of even smaller ones.
4.

, atoms have only a weak charge, but a very large number
together can make a powerful charge.

5. Albert Einstein discovered the relationship between

and energy.

Exercise 3: Match with the definition
The branch of science and technology concerned with
1

Energy

a

2

Current

b

3

Electronics

c

the design, building, and use of engines, machines,
and structures
A flow of electrical charge carriers, usually electrons
or electron-deficient atoms
An apparatus using or applying mechanical power
and having several parts, each with a definite function
and together performing a particular task
The branch of physics and technology concerned with
the

4

Machine

d

design

of

circuits

using

transistors

and

microchips, and with the behavior and movement of
electrons in a semiconductor, conductor, vacuum, or
gas.
Power derived from the utilization of physical or

5

Engineering

e

chemical resources, especially to provide light and
heat or to work machines

II. READING COMPREHENSION

Engineering
Engineering is largely a practical activity. It is the application of science and math to
solve problems. Civil engineering is concerned with making bridges, roads, airports, etc.
Mechanical engineering deals with the design and manufacture of tools and machines.


Electrical engineering is about the generation and distribution of electricity and its many
applications. Electronic engineering is concerned with developing components and
equipment for communications, computing, and so on. Mechanical engineering includes
marine, automobile, aeronautical, heating and ventilating, and others. Electrical
engineering includes electricity generating, electrical installation, lighting, etc. Mining
and medical engineering belong partly to mechanical and partly to electrical.
Exercise 1: Complete the blanks in this diagram using information from the text.

Exercise 2: Answer the following questions:
1. What is engineering?
2. What does Mechanical engineering deal with?
3. What does electrical engineering include?
4. What is electronic engineering concerned with?
5.

What do mining and medical engineering belong to?

Exercise 3: Study these illustrations. They show some of the areas in which
engineers work. Can you identify them? What kinds of engineers are concerned
with these areas - electrical, mechanical, or both?


a) Now read the following texts to check your answers. Match each text to one of the
illustrations above.

Transport: Cars, trains, ships, and planes are all products of mechanical
engineering. Mechanical engineers are also involved in support services such as
roads, rail track, harbors, and bridges.
Food processing: Mechanical engineers design, develop, and make the machines
and the processing equipment for harvesting, preparing and preserving the foods
and drinks that fill the supermarkets.


Medical engineering: Body scanners, X-ray machines, life-support systems, and
other high-tech equipment result from mechanical and electrical engineers
combining with medical experts to convert ideas into life-saving and preserving
products.
Building services: Electrical engineers provide all the services we need in our
homes and places of work, including lighting, heating, ventilation, airconditioning, refrigeration, and lifts.
Energy and power: Electrical engineers are concerned with the production and
distribution of electricity to homes, offices, industry, hospitals, colleges and
schools, and the installation and maintenance of the equipment involved in these
processes.
b) Describe if the statements are true or false.
1. Mechanical engineering includes cars, trains, ships, planes and others.
2. Mechanical engineers provide all the services such as roads, rails track, harbors
and bridge.
3. Mechanical engineers design and develop body scanners, X-ray machines.
4. Electrical engineering is about the generation and distribution of electricity and its
many applications.
5. Electrical engineers are involved in support all the services such as the foods and
drinks that fill in the supermarket.

III. USE OF LANGUAGE
1. Deal with/be concerned with/be the concern of

What is the link between column A and column B?
A

B

mechanical

machines

electrical

electricity


Column A lists a branch of engineering or a type of engineer. Column B lists things they
are concerned with. We can show the link between them in a number of ways:
1 Mechanical engineering deals with machines.
2 Mechanical engineers deal with machines.
3 Mechanical engineering is concerned with machines.
4 Mechanical engineers are concerned with machines.
5 Machines are the concern of mechanical engineers.
Now match each item in column A with an appropriate item from column B and link
the two in a sentence.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

8
9

A
marine
aeronautical
heating and ventilating
electricity generating
automobile
civil
electronic
electrical installation
medical

a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i

B
air-conditioning
roads and bridges
body scanners
cables and switchgear
communications and equipment

ships
planes
cars and trucks
power stations

2. Common verbs in engineering
Study this list of common verbs in engineering which all has the sense of 'makes
something happen'.
lower

make low

raise

make high

heat

make hot

release

make free

compress

make smaller volume

reduce

make smaller

increase

make larger


Fill in the blanks in these sentences with suitable verbs from the list above.
1. When thermoplastics are ……………., they soften.
2. If a gas is……………..it heats up.
3. Refrigeration preserves food by……………..its temperature.
4. A heater……………..the temperature of the water.
5. The rising piston……………..the fuel mixture.
6. Designers try to……………..the weight of a structure.
7. When the push button is……………..the valve spring pushes up the spool.
8. Pumping fluid into the main cylinder gradually……………..the jack.
9. Aerodynamic designs……………..wind resistance.
10. The motor starts up slowly, then gradually……………..speed.
11. At intermediate substations, power is ……………..to 11 kV for light industry.
12. When the child……………..the handle, the seat swings back under the weight.
IV. FURTHER READING
Translate the reading passage into Vietnamese then discuss the electrical
engineering
Electrical engineering is a field of engineering that generally deals with the study
and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. This field first
became an identifiable occupation in the latter half of the 19th century after
commercialization

of

the

electric telegraph,

the telephone,

and electric

power distribution and use. Subsequently, broadcasting and recording media made
electronics part of daily life. The invention of the transistor and, subsequently,
the integrated circuit brought down the cost of electronics to the point where they
can be used in almost any household object.
Electrical engineering has now subdivided into a wide range of subfields
including electronics, digital computers, engineering, telecommunications, control
systems, radio-frequency

engineering, signal

processing, instrumentation,


and microelectronics. The subject of electronic engineering is often treated as its
own subfield but it intersects with all the other subfields, including the power
electronics of power engineering.
Electrical engineers typically hold a degree in electrical engineering or electronic
engineering. Practicing engineers may have professional certification and be
members of a professional body. Such bodies include the Institute of Electrical
and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) and the Institution of Engineering and
Technology (IET).
Electrical engineers work in a very wide range of industries and the skills required

are likewise variable. These range from basic circuit theory to the management
skills required of project manager. The tools and equipment that an individual
engineer may need are similarly variable, ranging from a simple voltmeter to a top
end analyzer to sophisticated design and manufacturing software.