Tải bản đầy đủ (.pdf) (105 trang)

Rừng ngập mặn và những chuyến hành trình

Bạn đang xem bản rút gọn của tài liệu. Xem và tải ngay bản đầy đủ của tài liệu tại đây (2.07 MB, 105 trang )








%ViFK*LiRGFYUQJQJSPQFD,60(4X\Q




7,37&&+8<1+ơ1+75ẻ1+
7521*51*1*301




7iFJL%DUU\&ORXJK
1JLGFK3KDQ9Q+RjQJ



+LSKL+VLQKWKiLUQJQJSPQ4XFW ,60(

.KRD1{QJQJKL͟SWÚ͵QJĈ̹LKͥF5\XN\XV
6HQEDUX1LVKLKDUD2NLQDZD-DSDQ












+L͟SKͱL+͟VLQKWKiLU΃QJQJͅSP͏Q4XͩFW͗

7ͭFK΁F*ͯQKL͟WÿͳL4XͩFW͗























































0&/&

,60(Yj,772LLL
9jLQpWYWiFJLLY
/LWDY
/LFPWY
{LOLFD,60(YL
/LQJLGFKYLL
*LLWKtFK7KXWQJYLLL
&KQJ  *,,7+,8
&KQJ  3+ặ1%9ơ0é,751*51*1*301
3KkQEWRjQFX
%LrQYjJLLKQYWX\Q
&iFNLXJQOLQYLOQJPDYjPFNK{KQ
&iFNLXKuQKSKkQYQJFFE
+uQKWKjQKP{LWUQJFDUQJQJSPQ
&KQJ  61*7521*0é,751*.+&1*+,7
7KtFKQJYLPXL
/RLEPXL
%jLWLWPXL
0QJQF
/XWUWURQJFiFP{J
&KLDQJQF{OSWURQJWEjR
7KtFKQJKLYLWKLXQF
LSKyYLW\PNKt
7iLVLQKYjSKiWWiQ
&KQJ  &ẩ&7+ơ1+3+16,1+97.+ẩ&
.KXKQJYW

QJYWFyY~
%zViWYjOQJF
&KLP
&i
&XDFzQJ
7{PYjFiFORjLJLiS[iFNKiF
&iFORjLFKkQEQJYjQJYWWKkPPPNKiF
&{QWUQJ
&iFORjLVLQKYWi\FQKNK{QJ[QJVQJ QJYWJLPSKkQ

&iFWKjQKSKҫQWKӵFYұWNKiF
&KѭѫQJ  6Ӱ'Ө1*9¬&È&*,È75ӎ&Ӫ$5Ӯ1*1*Ұ30Һ1
L



6ҧQSKҭPYjGӏFKYөFӫDUӯQJQJұSPһQ
&iFVҧQSKҭPSKiWVLQKWӯUӯQJQJұSPһQ
&iFVҧQSKҭPWӯJӛ
7DQLQYjSKҭPQKXӝPYҧLWӯYӓFk\UӯQJQJұSPһQ
7ҩPOӧSYjVҧQSKҭPNKiFWӯ'ӯDQѭӟF
0ұWRQJ
7KӵFSKҭPNKiFFKRFRQQJѭӡL
7KӭFăQFKRJLDV~F
'ѭӧFOLӋX
7Kӫ\VҧQYjFiFQJXӗQOӧLYHQEӡNKiF
&iFGӏFKYөNKiFFӫDUӯQJQJұSPһQ
3KzQJKӝYHQELӇQ
;yLOӣEӡELӇQ
3KzQJKӝWUѭӟFVyQJELӇQ

/ѭXJLӳ&DUERQ
;ӱOêQѭӟFWKҧLYQJYHQELӇQ
&KѭѫQJ  &È&0Ӕ,Ĉ('Ӑ$9¬&È&7È&ĈӜ1*0Ð,75ѬӠ1*
&KX\ӇQÿәLVDQJVҧQ[XҩWQ{QJQJKLӋSYjUXӝQJPXӕL
&KX\ӇQÿәLVDQJQX{LWKӫ\VҧQ
0ӣPDQJÿ{WKӏYjSKiWWULӇQF{QJQJKLӋS
ÐQKLӉP
.KDLWKiFJӛYjOkPVҧQNKiF
%LӃQÿәLNKtKұX
1ѭӟFELӇQGkQJ
+jPOѭӧQJNKt&2FDR
1KLӋWÿӝYjOѭӧQJPѭD
7ҫQVӕYjFѭӡQJÿӝEmR
6ӵWѭѫQJWiFYjWtQKEҩSErQK
&KѭѫQJ  %Ҧ27Ӗ19¬48Ҧ1/é
.KXQJTXҧQOê
&iFFKLӃQOѭӧFEҧRWӗQ
&iFKӋWKӕQJEҧRWӗQ
&iFNKXKӋKҥQFKӃVӱGөQJ
&iFKӋWKӕQJVҧQ[XҩW
7UӗQJFk\Jk\UӯQJYjNK{LSKөFUӯQJ
.ӃWOXұQ
0ӝWVӕÿѭӡQJGүQÿӇWUX\FұSWjLOLӋXWUrQ0ҥQJ

7jLOLӋXWKDPNKҧR
+ӝS  0{WҧFiFGҥQJÿӏDPҥRFӫDUӯQJQJұSPһQ

+ӝS  0{WҧViXORҥLKuQKUӯQJQJұSPһQWKHRFKӭFQăQJ

+ӝS  +LӃQFKѭѫQJFӫD,60(ÿӕLYӟLUӯQJQJұSPһQ 






LL



,60(Yj,772


,60(


+LӋSKӝL+ӋVLQKWKiLUӯQJQJұSPһQ4XӕFWӃ ,60(
OjPӝWKLӋSKӝLNKRDKӑFSKLFKtQKSKӫYj
SKLOӧLQKXұQTXӕFWӃÿѭӧFWKjQKOұSYjRWKiQJ7iPQăP&yWUөVӣFKtQKÿѭӧFÿһWWҥL
2NLQDZD1KұW%ҧQ,60(ÿѭӧF/XұW7jLWUӧFӫD1KұW%ҧQFKӭQJQKұQOjPӝW7әFKӭF7jLWUӧ
YjRQăP1ăPWKHRPӝWVҳFOXұWPӟLFӫD1KұW%ҧQYӅ[~FWLӃQFiFKRҥWÿӝQJSKL
OӧLQKXұQFKX\rQELӋW,60(ÿѭӧFÿăQJNêWKjQKPӝW7әFKӭFSKLOӧLQKXұQ 132
FVD
LWLLKLOQWK7iPYjRQP4X\FKFD,60(TX\QKà+LSKLQj\WKXWKS
iQKJLiYjSKELQFiFWK{QJWLQYFiFKVLQKWKiLUQJQJSPQảYjà[~FWLQKSWiF
TXFWả,60(mYjDQJWLQKjQKFiFKRWQJFSWRjQFXWK{QJTXDD
YLӋFӭQJGөQJ
WULWKӭFYjRFiFKRjQFҧQKFөWKӇE
JLiRGөFÿjRWҥRYjF
WUDRÿәLFiFWK{QJWLQFҫQWKLӃW&iF
KRҥWÿӝQJFӫDKLӋSKӝLQj\ÿѭӧFKӛWUӧGѭӟLVӵFӝQJWiFYjOLrQNӃWFӫDPӝWVӕFiFWәFKӭF

NKiFFiFWUѭӡQJÿҥLKӑFFiFYLӋQQJKLrQFӭXYjFiFFӝQJÿӗQJÿӏDSKѭѫQJ+LӋQQD\WKjQK
YLrQFӫD,60(JӗPFyWәFKӭFYjKѫQFiQKkQFӫDTXӕFJLD




,772


7әFKӭF*ӛQKLӋWÿӟL4XӕFWӃ ,772
OjPӝWWәFKӭFOLrQFKtQKSKӫ[~FWLӃQF{QJFXӝFEҧRWӗQ
YjTXҧQEӅQYӳQJFQJYӟLYLӋFVӱGөQJYjNLQKGRDQKWjLQJX\rQUӯQJQKLӋWÿӟL7әFKӭF
Qj\FyWKjQKYLrQÿҥLGLӋQFKRKҫXKӃWFiFNKXUӯQJQKLӋWÿӟLWKӃJLӟLYjWӹSKҫQNLQK
GRDQKJӛQKLӋWÿӟLWRjQFҫX,772[k\GӵQJFiFYăQEҧQFKtQKViFKÿѭӧFTXӕFWӃWKӕQJQKҩW
QKҵP[~FWLӃQEҧRWӗQUӯQJYjTXҧQUӯQJEӅQYӳQJYjKӛWUӧFiFTXӕFJLDQKLӋWÿӟLWKjQK
YLrQÿӇÿLӅXFKӍQKFiFFKtQKViFKQj\FKRSKKӧSYӟLWuQKKuQKFӫDÿӏDSKѭѫQJYjÿӇWKӵFWKL
FK~QJQJRjLKLӋQWUѭӡQJWK{QJTXDFiFGӵiQ7KrPYjRÿy,772WKXWKұSSKkQWtFKYjSKә
ELӃQFiFGӳOLӋXYӅVҧQ[XҩWYjNLQKGRDQKJӛQKLӋWÿӟLWjLWUӧFiFGӵiQYjFiFKRҥWÿӝQJ
NKiFFKRFiFQJjQKF{QJQJKLӋSÿDQJSKiWWULӇQӣFiFTX\P{F{QJQJKLӋSOүQFӝQJÿӗQJ7ҩW
FҧFiFGӵiQÿӅXÿѭӧFWjLWUӧEӣLQKӳQJQJXӗQÿyQJJySWuQKQJX\ӋQKҫXKӃWOjWӯFiFTXӕF
JLDWLrXWKөWKjQKYLrQ7ӯNKLEҳWWD\YjRKRҥWÿӝQJYjRQăP,772ÿmFKXFҩSFKRKѫQ
GӵiQWLӅQGӵiQYjFiFKRҥWÿӝQJWjLWUӧYӟLJLiWUӏKѫQWULӋX86'&iFQKjWjLWUӧ
FKtQKOjFKtQKSKӫFӫDFiFQѭӟFJӗP1KұW%ҧQ7Kө\6ӻ&ӝQJÿӗQJ&KkXỈXYj+RD.Ǥ 






LLL




9jLQpWYӅWiFJLҧ



%DUU\&/28*+



ÐQJ%DUU\&ORXJKÿӛWLӃQVӻӣWUѭӡQJĈҥLKӑF6\GQH\ÒFÐQJÿmOjPYLӋFWҥL9LӋQ.KRDKӑF
%LӇQFӫDÒF $,06
YӟLWѭFiFKOjPӝWQKjQJKLrQFӭXNKRDKӑF ±
YjQKjQJKLrQ
FӭXNKRDKӑFFDRFҩS ±
ÐQJÿmNLQKTXDFiFFKӭFYө3Ky&KӫWӏFK,60(>+LӋSKӝL
+ӋVLQKWKiLUӯQJQJұSPһQ4XӕFWӃ@ ±
ĈLӅXSKӕLYLrQFӫDӪ\EDQ5ӯQJQJұSPһQ
4XӕF JLD ÒF ±
 Yj ÿm WKDP JLD 'ӵ iQ 5ӯQJ QJұS PһQ .KX YӵF FӫD
81'381(6&2ÐQJFNJQJWӯQJOjĈLӅXSKӕLYLrQFKR'ӵiQFӫD,60(,772YӅ*LiWUͣNLQKW͗
Yj0{LWÚ͵QJFͿDU΃QJQJͅSP͏QFQJYͳLWKΉFWU̹QJE̻RWͫQFͿDFK~QJͷNKXYΉFĈ{QJ1DP
È7KiL%uQK'́˿QJ

*LDLÿRҥQ±{QJOj&KӫQKLӋPSKtDÒFFKR'ΉiQ/kPQJ́N͗WKͻS7{P±5΃QJ
QJͅSP͏QͷÿͫQJE͉QJV{QJ&΅X/RQJGӵiQKӧSWiFJLӳDKDL&KtQKSKӫÒFYj9LӋW1DP
ÿѭӧFWjLWUӧFKӫ\ӃXEӣL7UXQJWkP1JKLrQFӭX1{QJQJKLӋS4XӕFWӃÒF1ăP±
{QJÿѭӧFFӱVDQJ%DQJNRNÿӇFӝQJWiFYӟL0ҥQJOѭӟLFiF7UXQJWkP1X{LWUӗQJ7Kӫ\VҧQ
&KkXȱ7KiL%uQK'ѭѫQJÐQJFNJQJÿmWKDPJLDWѭYҩQFKR'ӵiQ3KiWWULӇQYQJYHQELӇQ

GR*7=>KLӋQQD\Oj*,=1'@WKӵFKLӋQӣ%ҥF/LrX9LӋW1DPYj'ӵiQ%ҧRYӋYj3KiWWULӇQ
QKӳQJYQJĈҩWQJұSQѭӟFYHQELӇQFӫD1JkQKjQJ7KӃJLӟLWҥL&j0DX9LӋW1DP+LӋQWҥL
{QJOjWuQKQJX\ӋQYLrQEiQWKӡLJLDQOjPF{QJWiFJLҧQJGҥ\YjQJKLrQFӭXӣWUѭӡQJĈҥLKӑF
&ҫQ7Kѫ9LӋW1DPKѭӟQJGүQVLQKYLrQVDXÿҥLKӑFWURQJOƭQKYӵFUӯQJQJұSPһQYjÿDGҥQJ
VLQKKӑFYHQELӇQ 






















LY




/ӡLWӵD

9jRQăP+LӋSKӝL+ӋVLQKWKiLUӯQJQJұSPһQ4XӕFWӃ ,60(
Yj7әFKӭF*ӛQKLӋWÿӟL
4XӕFWӃ ,772
ÿm[XҩWEҧQTX\ӇQViFK&KX\͗QKjQKWUuQKWURQJU΃QJQJͅSP͏QFӫDWiFJLҧ
&')LHOGQKҵPPөFÿtFKJLӟLWKLӋXJLiWUӏYjWҫPTXDQWUӑQJFӫDUӯQJQJұSPһQÿӃQQKLӅXÿӕL
WѭӧQJÿӝFJLҧ4X\ӇQViFKQj\FKtQKOjEѭӟFWLӃSQӕLKѭӟQJÿӃQFiFPөFWLrXҩ\YӟLQKDQÿӅ
7L͗SWͽFFKX\͗QKjQKWUuQKWURQJU΃QJQJͅSP͏Q

Ĉk\FNJQJOjTX\ӇQÿҫXWLrQWURQJPӝWEӝJӗPEDTX\ӇQViFKÿѭӧF[XҩWEҧQFQJPӝWO~F&iF
TX\ӇQFzQOҥLFyQKDQÿӅOj&̽XWU~F&K΁FQăQJYj4X̻QOêK͟VLQKWKiLU΃QJQJͅSP͏QFӫD
FiFWiFJLҧ-LQ(RQJ2QJYj:RRL.KRRQ*RQJYj&iFV̻QSḰPK·XGͽQJFͿDU΃QJQJͅSP͏Q
Yj7KΉFYͅWYHQEL͛QFӫD6KLJH\XNL%DED+XQJ7XFN&KDQYj6DQLW$NVRUQNRDH 

ӢJyFÿӝOjFXӕQÿҫXWLrQFӫDEӝViFKTX\ӇQViFKQj\QKҵPJLӟLWKLӋXEDRTXiWYӅUӯQJQJұS
PһQNK{QJYLӃWTXiQKLӅXYӅNӻWKXұWPӣÿӅFKRKDLTX\ӇQFzQOҥLYӕQVӁÿӅFұSÿӃQFiF
FKX\rQÿӅQj\ӣPӭFÿӝFKLWLӃWKѫQ;XҩWSKiWWӯPөFWLrXQj\W{LFӕJҳQJKҥQFKӃGQJFiF
ELӋWQJӳNKRDKӑFNӻWKXұW7X\QKLrQYүQFzQFyQKӳQJELӋWQJӳNK{QJWKӇWUiQKÿѭӧFWKuW{L
FӕGQJWLӃQJ$QKWK{QJGөQJÿӇJLҧLWKtFK1KLӅXWjLOLӋXWKDPNKҧRÿѭӧFWUtFKGүQFyWKӇFzQ
WKҩ\YjWҧLÿѭӧFWUrQPҥQJQKѭQJW{LNK{QJFXQJFҩSÿѭӡQJGүQWURQJSKҫQQJXӗQWKDPNKҧR
ÿӇWUiQKQKӳQJSKLӅQSKӭFYӅTX\ӅQWiFJLҧFyWKӇ[ҧ\UD

&XӕLFQJQKLӅXGүQFKӭQJGQJFKRTX\ӇQViFKQj\ÿѭӧFOҩ\ӣ&KkXÈYj7k\7KiL%uQK
'ѭѫQJ&yWKӇPӝWVӕÿӝFJLҧFҧPWKҩ\UҵQJUӯQJQJұSPһQFӫD7KӃJLӟL0ӟLӣ&KkX0ӻYj
&KkX3KLNK{QJÿѭӧFÿӅFұSVkXWURQJViFKQj\1KӳQJÿLӇQKuQKQJKLrQJYӅ7KӃJLӟL&NJ
ÿѭӧFYLӃWUDÿk\FKӍOjYuW{LDPKLӇXFK~QJYjFyQKLӅXWK{QJWLQYӅFK~QJKѫQFKӭNK{QJFy
QJKƭDOjUӯQJQJұSPһQFӫD7KӃJLӟL0ӟLtWTXDQWUӑQJKѫQKRһFtWÿѭӧFQJKLrQFӭXUӝQJUmL
KѫQ>.KiLQLӋP7KӃJLӟL&NJYj7KӃJLӟL0ӟLFyêQJKƭDYӅPһWOӏFKVӱQKҵPPөFÿtFK

SKkQELӋWFiFYQJVLQKWKiLOӟQWUrQWKӃJLӟLYjÿӇSKkQORҥLFiFORjLÿӝQJYұWYjWKӵFYұWWKHR
[XҩW[ӭ;HPFKLWLӃWӣ&KѭѫQJ3KkQEӕYj0{LWUѭӡQJUӯQJQJұSPһQ1'@



/ӡLFҧPWҥ

1KLӅXÿӗQJQJKLӋSFӫDW{LÿmÿyQJJySWUӵFWLӃSKRһFJLiQWLӃSYjRTX\ӇQViFKQj\7{L[LQ
FҧPѫQWҩWFҧFiFEҥQÿһFELӋWOj+XQJ7XFN&KDQQJѭӡLELrQWұSYjOjĈLӅXSKӕLYLrQGӵiQ
ÿmEӓUDQKLӅXF{QJVӭFÿӑFFKӍQKVӱDJySêYj6WHIDQLH*HQGHUDYӟLNKLӃXÿӗKӑDWjLWuQKÿm
JL~SFKRKuQKҧQKPLQKKӑDÿѭӧFVkXVҳFKѫQFQJYӟL3HWHU6DHQJHUÿmWѭYҩQYjJySêYӅ
SKkQEӕUӯQJQJұSPһQ7{LY{FQJFҧPNtFKWUѭӟFF{QJVӭFFӫD5\RNR0L\DJDZDYj0LR
.H]XND FiQEӝFӫD%DQWKѭNê,60(
ÿӇNLӇPWUDWRjQEӝEҧQWKҧRFXӕLFQJ

7{LFNJQJ[LQFKkQWKjQKFiPѫQFiFYӏVDXÿk\ÿmFXQJFҩSKuQKҧQKFKRTX\ӇQViFK+XQJ
7XFN &KDQ (PDG $O$LG\ 7UҫQ 7Kӏ 0DL 6HQ 7DND\XNL 7VXML 6KLJH\XNL %DED 6KRNR
&iFTXêGDQKQj\ÿѭӧFJKLQKұQWURQJSKҫQFK~WKtFKFӫDFiFEӭFҧQK




Y



×