Giáo trình AutoCad (Nghề: Cắt gọt kim loại - Trung cấp) - Trường TCN Kỹ thuật công nghệ Hùng Vương

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UYBANNHANDANQU4N5
TRUONGTRUNGCAPNGHEKYTHU�TCONGNG11¥HUNGVUONG

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GIAOTRINH

AutoCad
'

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Nghe: Cat gqt kim lo�i
TRINH DO TRUNG CAP

TPHCM-1019

7

I,

1

LOI Glffi TH:U::U

Giao trinh AutoCAD duqc bien so� nhfun cung c§.p cho h9c sinh h� Trung c§.p
ngh@ c&t g9t kim lo�i nhfrng kiSn th(rc nhu sau:

- Giai thich duqc nhfrng uu di@m khi dung AutoCAD thvc hi�n ban ve trong
chuyen nganh ca khi.
- Trinh bay duqc cac phuang phap ve cac d6i tuqng ca ban (do�n thfulg,
duong tron, elip, da giac ...), cac phuang phap ph6i hqp cac d6i tuqng l�i t�o thanh
ban ve chi tiSt may, cac c6ng C\l hf> trq cho phep hi�u chinh ban ve v6-i d(i chfnh xac
cao.
- V� d\)ng nhfrng ki€n thuc cua m6n h9c d@ tfnh toan, thiSt kS va thgc hi�n
duqc ban ve ky thu�t.
Giao trinh g6m 05chuang cung c§.p nhfrng kiSn thuc v@ AutoCAD trong 11nh
vvc cit g9t kim lo�
Trong qua trinh bien so�, tac gia xin chan thanh cam an quy Th&y co da g6p y
nhi�t tinh d@ giao trinh ngay cang hoan thi�n han nua

Quq,n 5, ngay

thting

niim 20...

2

Ml)CLl)C
DEMl)C

TRANG

1. Loi gioi thi�u

2

2. Chuong 1: Gioi thi�u

4

3. Chuong 2: Thi�t l{ip ban ve

8

4. Chuong 3: L�nh ve cO' ban

16

5. Chuong 4: Lam vi�c voi l6'p d6i tuqng
6. Chuong 5: T:.i,o va in ban ve
7. Tai li�u tham khao

23

25

29

3

CHUONG 1: GIOI Tmiu
Gi6i thi�u:

Chuong nay nhilm cung c�p cho h9c sinh nhiing kiSn thuc t6ng quan vS AutoCAD
trong nghS cilt g9t kim lo11i
Ml}C tieu:
- Trinh bay duqc y nghla cu.a chit viSt tilt CAD.
- Phan tich duqc d(ic diSm va cong d1µ1g cu.a phfin mSm AutoCAD.
- Cai d(it duqc phk mSm AutoCAD.
- Li�t ke duqc cac thao tac vS file va cong di.mg cac phim tilt.
N(li dung chinh:
1. Gi6i thi�u v� CAD va phfin m�m AutoCAD

CAD la chit viSt tile cu.a computer-Aided Design ho(lc Computer-Aided Drafting (ve
va thiSt kS v&i hfiu trq giup cu.a may tinh)
- Su d1µ1g cac phk m€m AutoCAD c6 thS ve thiSt kS cac ban ve 2 chiSu (2D) thi6t
kS mo hinh 3 chiSu (3D) tinh toan thiSt kS bilng phk mSm phfin tu hiru h\lll (FEA - chuc
niing Analysis)
Philn mem CAD c6 3 d(ic diem n6i b�t sau:
□ Chinhxac
D Nang suil'.t cao nho cac 1¢nh sao chep
□ D� dang trao d6i du li¢u v&i cac philn m6m khac
Philn m6m cua hiing AutoDesk dung de ve cac ban ve ky thu�t trong cac ngaoh: Xay
dlplg, ca khf, Kie'n true, di¢n, ban d6 ...
- Ban Ve nao th!Jc hi¢n dU'Q'C bruig compa, thU'&c ke va but chi d6u dU'Q'C ve thie't ke'
biing phiin m6m AutoCAD.
- M6m AutoCAD dll'qc gi&i thi¢u liln diiu tien vao thang 11- 1982 t� h(li chg
COMDEX de'n thang 12- 1982 cong bo phien ban diiu tien (Release 1).
- Thang 03- 1999 Phien ban AutoCAD diiu tien ra doi va ch11y tren moi trll'ong
Windows 98 , NT
2. Cai dJt phfin m�m AutoCAD

- Thong thuong m6i phien ban dSu c6 m9t phuong phap cai d(it duqc hu&ng dfui.
trong file cai d(lt
- Trong phfin nay se trinh bay each cai d(lt cua AutoCAD 2007

4
+ Bu&c 1: Cho dia CD/DVD vao 6 dia, ph§n mSm tg d9ng setup hay khoi dqng File

Setup trong thu ID\IC AutoCAD 2007 - xuftt hi¢n h(Jp tho:;i,i va dqi.
+ Bu&c 2: Ch9n Stand-:--- Alone Installation � Ch9n Install t�i dong Install AutoCAD

2007 - OK - dQ'i - Next- Ch9n I accept - Next - nh�p sf> Serial number: 111 11111111- Next - Xuftt hiÂn h9p thoi: diSn dĐ.y du cac thong tin - Next - Next Danh dftu ch9n vao Install express tools va Install Material Library - Next - Next Next- Dqi cai d(lt.
· Bo ch9n mµc Yes, I want .... - Finish- Dong h9p tho�i Media Brower AutoCAD 2007
+ Bu6c 3: Vao thu ml,1c Crack- Copy 2 File: adlmdll.dll va lacadp.dll vao thu

ml,1c cai d(lt (vao My Computer- b C - Program files -AutoCAD 2007 - bk chu9t
phai ch9n pas.te) - Yes to all ( d6i v&i Win XP) ho(lch Copy and Replaces ( d5i v6i Win
7)- dong cac cfra sb.

+ Bu&c 4: Khoi d(Jng chuong trinh AutoCAD tren Desktop - xuftt hi¢n h9p tho�i OK- No - ch9n AutoCAD classic - ch9n ml,1C Don't show me this again- OK Ch9n m\lc No, don't show me this again- OK - tit 2 thanh cong C\1 gifra giao di¢n
(Sheet ... va tool pallet ... ) - Di chuy6n thanh cong C\1 Modify tu ben phai sang ben trai
giao di¢n va t�t thanh cong C\1 con l�i ben phai giao di¢n.

+ Buac 5: Hoan tit cong vi¢c cai d(lt - Thi€t l�p moi trm'mg lam vi¢c.
3. Khoi d9ng AutoCAD
- Kh&i d(Jng va thi€t l�p moi trm'mg lam vi�c
+ Bm'ic 1: Klun il(!ng chucmg tr/nh: Click d6i chui)t trai vao biSu tm,mg
(Dong thanh cong C\1 Vault - n€u co)

II

+ Bu&c 2: T�o h(Jp tho�i don vi: B� phai chu9t tren giao di�n➔Option➔ Xufit
hi�n h9p tho�i➔ System➔ T:;ti Startup➔ Ch9ri Show Startup dialog box ➔ Ok.
· + Bu&c 3: Vao File➔ New:

Ch<;m Metric(h¢ met) ➔ Ch<;m OK➔ ( Ma r9ng giao di¢n)

+ Bu&c 4: Tl}o thanh cong q,:

Bft� ph�i chu9t tren thanh cong C\1 bfit ky➔ Ch9n thanh cong C\1 ck t:;i,o:
- Dimension: Ghi kich thu&c.
- Object snap: Cac ch� d9 truy bit di€m.

5

⇒ xep 02 thanh cong C\J vua t<;10 sang hen phai giao di�n.
- Orbit: Xoay d6i tm;mg.
- Visual styles: Cac che d(> thS hi�n d6i tuQllg.
- Modeling: Cac l�nh thiet ke 3D.
- Solid Editing: Cac cong cv chinh sira 3D.
- View: Cac diSm hinh 3D.

⇒ xep cac thanh cong C\J xu6ng hen du&i giao di�n.
+ Bu&c 5: Cai tl�t chi tip truy b&t tli€m:
Vao Tools ➔ Drafting settings ...➔ Object snap➔ Danh diiu ch9n THEM vao
cac 6:
- Midpoint: DiSm gifra.
- Quadrant: DiSm ¼.
- Perpendicular: Vuong g6c.

- Nearest: DiSm g&n nhiit.
+ Bu&c 6:

➔OK.

Tang tip phiin giiii cho ph.in m€m:

- Command: Viewres .J
- Do you want fast zooms? [Yes/No] <Y>: .J
- Enter circle zoom percent (1-20000) <1000>: 20000 .J
4. Cac thao tac v@ file
4.1 Luu k@t qua voi Save:
+ Vao File ➔ Save ➔ Xuiit hi�n h(>p tho<;1i ➔ Ti;li File

name: di;it ten ban ve, VD:

Khung ten, ➔ T<;1i Save in ➔ Ch9n 6 Eva biim doi chu(>t trai vao ten h9c vien ➔ Save.
4.2 Luu ket qua v&i Save As:
+ Vao File ➔ Save as➔ Xuiit hi�n h(>p tho�i ➔ T<;1i File name: di;it ten ban ve, VD:

Baitap 01, ➔ T<;1i Save in➔ Ch9n 6 Eva biim doi chu(>t trai vao ten h9c vien➔ Save.
4.3 M&ban ve
+ Vao File➔ Open➔ Xuiit hi�n h(>p tho<;1i ➔ T<;1i Look in: Ch9n 6 Eva biim doi
chu(>t trai vao ten h9c vien ➔ Ch9n ban ve c&n m&➔ Open.

6

5. Cac chuc nang phim tit .

STT
1

�

3

�

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

Phlm tat
ESC
CTRL+l
CTRL+A
CTRL+C

CTRL+SHFT+C
CTRL+N
CTRL+O
CTRL+P
CTRL+Q
CTRL+S
CTRL+SHFT+S
CTRL+V
CTRL+SHFT+V
CTRL+Y
CTRL+Z
F2
F3
f8
FIO

Ghi chu
Tac dt,.ng
Thoat l�nh hi�n t.;ii
Properties
Bang d�c tinh
Ch9n tat ca doi tuqng trong ban ve
Copy cac doi tuqng vao Clipboard
Copy cac doi tuqng v&i diem goc
Base point
[.;iobanvemm
Ma ban ve cu
In ban ve hi�n t.;ii
ITTioat chuang trinh
Ghi ban ve hi�n t.;ti

Ghi ban ve hi�n t.;ii vm ten khac
Dan du li�u tir Clipboard
[Dan du li�u tir Clipboard thanh m9t Block
Redo lai lenh
Undo l.;ii l�nh
B�t tat cua so dong l?nh
B�t tat OSNAP
B�t tat ORTHO MODE
B�t tat POLAR

6. Bai t�p ll'llg d1}ng
a.

210,130

p4 90,130

p3
0
C0

0
C0

P2
40

b.

p4

@-120,0

@40,80

p3

7
p4

120 ...,.
____

------------. P3

80

Close
------.....

f

From point

P1 .____________-.t P2

----►-120

Gioi thi�u:

CHUONG 2: THIET LAP BAN VE
.

.

.

Chuong nay nhfun cung cdp cho hQc sinh nhung ki8n thtrc v� thi8t l�p ban ve trong

ngh� cilt gQt kim loc;1i
M\IC tieu:

- Trinh bay duqc phuong phap xac dinh ban ve. -

- Phan biet duqc hai he thfmg t9a d◊ c6 dinh va he thbng tQa d◊ dinh vi lc;li. -

nhln.

- Th\fc hi�n dugc cac thao tac ch9n dBi tuQ"Dg, truy hilt dBi tuQ"Dg va di�u khiSn tfun
N9i dung chinh:

1. Xac djnh ban ve

1.1. Thiit If p gioi hfn ban ve

· L�nh: Limits gi&i h� vimg kich thu&c d6 hoc;1

Nh�p l�nh:

+ Menu ➔ Format ➔ Drawing limits
+ Command: Limits ..J
- Command: Limits J

- Specify lower left comer or [ON/OFF] <0.0000,0.0000>: ..J (BiSm g6c trai phia du6'i

dugc d�t trung v&i g6c toc;1 d◊)

- Specify upper right comer <420.0000,297.0000>: 594,420..J (Dinh gia tri g6c tren hen

phai de gi&i h� ban ve. 594,420 la gia tri khb gidy A2 )
1.2. Binh d011 vi ban ve

Tc;lo ht)p thoc;li don vi: Bdm phai chu(:,t tren giao di�n ➔ Option ➔ Xudt hi�n h9p

thoc;1i ➔ System ➔ Tc;li Startup ➔ ChQn Show Startup dialog box ➔ Ok.

8

Ho�c

- C�mman d: Startup .J

-·Enter new value for STARTUP <O>: l .J

- L�nh: New
( .

- Nh�p 1�$: 3 each ·

.
. . .. . .
.
. .
+ Tren menu chinh ta ch<;>n file ➔ ch<;>n New

+ Ti;ii dong comman d: ta nh�p New .J

+ Tren thanh Standard toolbar ta nhfui chu<)t tnii vao bi�u tuqng
_ Khi thvc hi�n l�nh New tren man hinh xudt hi�n h<)p thoi;ii Create New Drawing
� C reate New D rawing

Start fr,o m Scratch
r
' Default Settings·--------,

0 lmperiaf (feet and inches)

@ Metric

·=

r- x r
0]
- Tip· ---------------�7
' ' Uses the default metric settings.
..

cho phep ti;io cac file ban ve m&i. H<)p thoi;ii nay g6m 4 trang: Open Drawing, Start from

scratch, Use a template, Use a Wizard.
1.2. 1 Trang Start from Scratch

Tren trang Start from scratch ta chc;m Metric va nhan ok (ho�c Enter) thi ta
da·
chc.>n gim han
. . ban ve la 420, 297 va don vi. ve theo he. met va dLPac
. do theo don vi. la
millimeter.

- Neu chc;m Engli sh thl dcm vi la inch va gi6i h<;lll ve la 1 2,9
- Neu chc;m Metric thl ta phai gim h<;lll ban ve tren kh6 gity A3
(420, 297)
1.2.2 Trang Use a tem plate

- Trang Use a template cho phep ta ch9n cac ban ve
mftu c6 san trong AutoCAD v6i
phfu mo r¢ng .DWT

9

&Mt ! Acad -named plot styles3d.dwt
:·'1

!li :!i;

!�:�=t:�ed plot styles.dwt
t':!k Acadiso ·named plot styles3d.dwt
-::;;,:: Acadiso; dwt

· - Lga ch9n cac ban ve theo miu ANSI (tieu chuiln My), ISO (tieu chufui qu6c te),
DIN (tieu chuiln Due), IlS (tieu chuful Nh�t) ho�c cac ban ve ta tt;r t.;to theo TCVN
1.3. Cong Cl} trq giup
L¢nh: Zoom L�nh dung de dU'a toan b¢ vung ve nfun tren man hmh ta ch9n All
- Command: ZOOM J
- Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or

[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window] <real time>: All J
Xuat du Ii�u sang d�ng khac
- L�nh Export: cho phep xufft du li�u ban ve v6i cac ph.in m& rc)ng khac nhau. Nhcr

vao l�nh nay mem khac
- Nh�p l�nh: 2 each
+ Tren menu chinh ta ch9n file ➔ ch9n Export

+ T.;ii dong command: ta nh�p export J

10

S ave in: I

fa M_y D ocuments
Name ,41.

QASUS

fo Downloads

� My Google Gadgets
� My Music
� My Pictures
f! My Videos
fjoneNote Notebooks

File name:
Files of t_ype:

I

File Folder
File Folder
File Folder
File Folder
File Folder
File Folder
File Folder

1D rawingl dwf

3D D\.1/F (".dwf) · -- , • · · '

Bien save time

ã<.r

ã

- Nhp 1Ânh: 2 each

+ Tren menu chinh ta chc;m tool ➔ ch9n option

8/ 15/20 1 3 2 : 38 P
2/1 4/20 1 4 2 : 56 fJ
9/6/20 1 3 1 1 : 1 4 .0
8/1 5/20 13 3:57 P
8/1 5/20 1 3 2:06 P
1 1 / 1 2/20 13 1 : 20
1 1 / 1 6/20 13 5 : 2 1

,�I I

rd"i [

- L¢nh save time: Bien qui dinh thai gian save tiJ d(>ng cua AutoCAD, thoi gian
dlJ'q� quy d!fih bang

Date Modified ·

J

' ' �ave
Cancel

]
j

11

➔ Ch9n chc;m m\J-C Open and save
➔ Ch9n nut Automatic save

➔ Nh�p gia ttj. vao o Minutes between saves
HoJc
Tip. dong command: ta nh�p Savetime-l
- Command: save time J
New value for save time <1 20> 10-l

L�nh Ortho
- L�nh Ortho thi€t l�p ch€ de') ve line theo phuong ciia cac s¢ toe (Theo phU'ong X nam
ngang, theo ph-ong Y thfuig dung)
- Command: OrthoJ
- Enter mode- [ON/OFF] <OFF>: ON-I (Cac Iva ch9n ON, OFF va nhan Enter)
- Cac Iva ch9n:
+ ON:

Mcr ch€ de') ve OR1HO, c6 th� nhan phim F8 ho�c Ctrl-L

+ OFF:

Tit ch€ de') ve OR1HO

12
1.4. H� th6ng tQa dq c6 djnh (WCS) va h� th6ng tQa d{> djnh vi 1,i (UCS)
1.4.1 H� to� d(> D�cac
H� to;;t d◊ hai chi6u (2D) duqc thie't l�p bcri. mqt diem g6c to;;t dq la giao
diem cua hai tn;tc t9a d◊ vuong g6c: Trt;1c hoanh X nrun ngang, trt;1c tung Y
th�g dung. Diem g6c dU'qc gan cho to<(! dq 0,0. M◊t diem trong h� to;;t d◊ hai

chi6u (2D) xac dinh bbi hai gia ttj: Hoanh d¢ X va tung d◊ Y. Dau + (dU'ong),
dau · (fun) tuy thu9c vao vi tri diem so v6i cac tn;tc to<(! d◊
Vi d1;i: To<(! d¢ cua diem A (40,50); B ( -30,5 0); C (-30,-40); D (40,-40) .
+Y

B (·30,50)

0

e

-3 0 -20

A (40,50)

.,,.

�

0

;::;

- X -50 -40

.,.,

+Y

0

-

· 10
0, 0

JO

20

30

40

50

+X

- X -5 0 -40 • 0 -20

C

-lOO

l()

0

20 30

4)

50

+X

c;•

0

�

0

�

C (-30,-40)

0

";'

D (40,-40)

v;i

-Y

-Y

Trong ban ve ba chi6u (3D) phai nh�p them cao d¢ (Z) . To;;t d¢ cua m◊t diem
dU'Q'C xac d!fih bcri. (X,Y) . .
1.4.2 H� to� d(> cl;(c
.: TO<(! d9 eve dU'Q'C sir d1:IDg de dinh vi trf cua m◊t diem trong m�t phlng tO<(l d9
XY. To� d() ct;rc chi dinh khoang each va g6c s o v6i g6c to:;i d9 (0,0). Diem P l c6
to<(! d9 ct;tc la 120<60. DU'ong chufu do g6c theo chi6u duong trt;1c X cua h� to<(! d9 de .
cac. G6c dU'ong la g6c tfnh theo chi6u ngU'qc chi6u kim dong h6.

13

270°
1.4.3 Cac phll'ong phap nh*p to� de) di�m
a. Dung phim ch9n (PICK): Dung phfm trai cua chu<)t ket hqp v6i phll'O'llg thrrc
truy bat diem.
b. To� d<) tuy�t d6i: Nh�p to� d<) tuy�t d6i cua diem (X,Y) theo g6c to� d<) 06
Oic (0,0)
c. To� d<) ct;rc: Nh�p to� d<) ct;rc cu.a diem (D
giua diem
den g6c to� d<) (0,0); a la g6c nghieng
hqp bai dLPong n6i tu g6c
.
.
to� d<) (0,0) den diem v6i tI¥c hoanh X

d. To<:1, d<) tll'cmg d6i; Nh�p to<:1, d<) cu.a diem theo diem cu6i sung nhat tren ban
ve (hay xem diem vtta nh�p lam g6c to� d<)): T�i dong nhac ta nh�p @ X,Y
e. To� d9 ct;rc tll'O'llg d6i: T� dong nhac ta nh�p @ DD - la khoang each giua diem ta cful xac dµili va diem xac djnh cu6i ciing