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Århus
© 2009 Stig Albeck & Ventus Publishing ApS
Translation: Claus Jensen
All rights and copyright relating to the content of this
book are the property of Ventus Publishing ApS, and/or its
suppliers. Content from ths book, may not be reproduced
in any shape or form without prior written permission from
Ventus Publishing ApS.
Quoting this book is allowed when clear references are made,
in relation to reviews are allowed.
ISBN 978-87-7061-421-4
1st edition
Pictures and illustrations in this book are reproduced according
to agreement with the following copyright owners:
Stig Albeck, Wikipedia.
The stated prices and opening hours are indicative and may
have be subject to change after this book was published.
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Århus

4

Kapiteloverskrift ONLIBRI
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Århus

5



A Visit to Århus
A Visit to Århus
www.visitaarhus.com
www.visitdenmark.com

Århus, the capital of Jutland, has for centuries been
central to the trade in Western Denmark. Århus is
the second-largest city in Denmark and one of its
cultural centres in addition to its commercial status –
a combination tourists benefit from.

Århus city centre is very atmospheric, with lovely
shopping streets and beautiful buildings, ranging
from the Middle Ages to present-day architectural
jewels.

Århus has several fascinating museums. Among the
best known are the art museum, Aros, and The Old
City with its fantastic recreation of an old market
town.

The area around Århus has many and varied
attractions: great natural beauty, old manors and
exciting entertainment parks for children of all ages
to mention but a few.

Have a nice trip!



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Århus

6

Historical outline
Historical outline

Århus goes back to the Viking Era. Remnants of
houses, workshops and rune stones dating back to
the 10th century have been found, and the place was
mentioned for the first time by Adam of Bremen in
948.

During the Viking Era, the city was surrounded by
earthworks and a moat, and the small river, Århus Å,
had a vital function as inner harbour.

The city’s original name, Aros, means “mouth” of a
stream or river.

Construction of what is today Århus Cathedral was
begun in 1201 on the outskirts of the original town.
It was founded by Peder Vognsen, a friend of
Bishop Absalon.

The construction of the Cathedral marked the
beginning of Århus’ first large expansion, and it
played a large role in the everyday life of the city
until the Reformation. Despite various setbacks

during the centuries following the initiation of the
Cathedral’s construction, the city continued its
progress, not least due to the monasteries.

Around 1300, Århus flourished, which lead to large
expansions, such as its first city hall, which was built
next to the Cathedral.

Århus’ growth in size as well as population
continued during the 15th century, and the city
achieved municipal charter in 1441.

In 1477, King Christian I agreed to civilian
development on Århus’ earthworks to ensure the
city’s continued growth. The permission was easily
obtained because the earthworks had lost their
military importance at that point.

After the Reformation in 1536,
Århus’ merchant
class exerted increasing influence on the
government and development of the city.

The 17
th
century was a period of foreign aggression.
The city was attacked in 1627-1629, and in 1644
and again in 1657-1659 the Swedes ravaged the
region. In addition to the attacks, extortionate taxes
were levied.


Despite the attacks and a plague epidemic
Århus’
trade continued to flourish during the 17
th
century.
Primary markets apart from Denmark and Norway
included Lübeck, Amsterdam, England, France and
Spain. The merchant fleet consisted of around 100
vessels at this high point.

Commerce declined in the first half of the 17
th

century and Århus’ economy got worse, as was the
case for many other Danish cities. The merchant
fleet was halved, and many trade markets were lost.
In 1769 the population was 3,500.

During the early industrialization of Århus, small
industries and workshops were founded on the old
merchant estates in the Mejlgade quarter, which had
been in existence from early on.

In the 19
th
century, Århus started growing more
rapidly. By 1850, it had overtaken Randers and
Ålborg and become Jutland’s largest city. The
sprawling city centre included the present-day

railway station, and many impressive houses and
institutions were built, for instance on Søndergade.

In 1847, large-scale development of the harbour
areas was begun. The work was finished in 1861,
and Jutland’s first railroad, between Århus and
Randers, stood ready the year after, cementing
Århus’ position as the most important city in the
area.

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Historical outline
Cultural development followed the economic upturn.
Århus Theatre was founded on the initiative of a
group of local theatre enthusiasts. The construction
was ambitious for the size of the city, but it served to
emphasize Århus’ leading role as the second-largest
city in Denmark.

Århus continued to grow during the first half of the
20
th
century, and the city is still characterized by its
active student and research communities that
followed the establishment of various educational

institutions.

Today Århus’ population is approximately 300,000,
and the city has maintained its position as Jutland’s
business centre. The cultural development has also
continued: The Market town museum, The Old
City is unique, and with the addition of the Music
House and a museum of modern art, ARoS, Århus
has plenty of options for the visitor.




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8

Århus Trip 1
Århus Trip 1

1. Århus hovedbanegård/Århus
Central Station
Banegårdspladsen
Århus Central Station is one of Denmark’s largest
station buildings. It was built in 1927 as an elevated
station with stairs descending to the platforms. The
large complex also includes the city’s post office.

2. Ryesgade/Søndergade

Ryesgade/Søndergade
The two streets Ryesgade and Søndergade
constitute Århus’ lively central walking street called
Strøget. The streets lead from the newer area
around the Central Station to the Old Århus by the
Cathedral.

3. Skt. Clemens Bro/St Clemen’s
Bridge
Skt. Clemens Bro
St Clemen’s Bridge, situated where the walking
street, Søndergade, crosses Århus Stream, was built
in 1881. Its purpose was to connect the new city
part to the south with the original Århus.
The bridge was last renovated in 1982, and the
branched columns on the side bridges are shaped
like trees.

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Århus Trip 1
4. Århus Å/Århus Stream
Åboulevarden
In the Viking Era, Århus Stream by St Clemen’s
Bridge was used as a harbour. Later, when the ships
got too large for the stream, the harbour was moved
to the inlet. In the 1930s, the stream was covered by

the new street,
Åboulevarden, but according to a
plan to reduce the number of cars in the city, the
stream was later uncovered again, and it is now an
atmospheric place with various stalls located along
the water.

5. Vikingemuseet/The Viking Museum
Clemens Torv 6
www.vikingemuseet.dk
Beneath the present-day Århus there are still
remnants from the Viking Period, and during
excavations for the new bank building on St
Clemens’ Square, some of Århus’ old Viking
earthworks were discovered. The place has now
been turned into a museum, located in the bank’s
basement. Several interesting finds are on display,
which give the visitor a good sense of Århus’ history.

6. Århus Teater/Århus Theatre
Teatergaden
www.aarhusteater.dk
Århus Theatre is an architectural jewel, built in
Jugend style. The theatre, founded on the initiative
of a group of engaged citizens, opened in 1900.
The theatre was designed by Hack Kampfmann,
who has built many of
Århus’ finest buildings from
that period. The Århus Frieze on the front of the
building depicts Holberg characters engraved by

Hans Tegner. Århus Theatre has a varied repertoire
consisting of both new and classic, mostly Danish
material.

7. Toldboden/The Custom House
Nordhavnsgade 1-3
The Royal Custom House built this beautiful
building by the harbour in 1897. It was intended as
a custom house for all incoming goods.

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Århus Trip 1
Hack Kampmann designed the building, inspired by
Århus’ City Arms with the three towers.

8. Århus Domkirke/Århus Cathedral
Domkirkepladsen 2
www.aarhus-domkirke.dk
Århus Cathedral is dedicated to St Clemen.
Construction of the first church began in 1201 in
Roman style under Bishop Peder Vognsen. It
burned in 1330, but the remnants can still be seen
in the Gothic Cathedral, which was built in its stead
and regularly extended until 1520.


The Cathedral is, with 93 metres, Denmark’s
longest. The spire is also 93 metres, and it is
possible to ascend it.

The cathedral has an interesting altarpiece from
1479, made by Bernt Notke of Lübeck, as well as
Denmark’s largest collection of murals. Many of the
early murals were lost during the Reformation, but
the extant pieces include a 220 m2 mural. The
murals are all from the period 1470-1520 except
one from the 14th century Roman church, whose
theme is leprosy.

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Århus Trip 1
The baptismal font was made by Peter Hansen in
Flensburg in 1481. It depicts an upside down church
bell carried by the Four Evangelists. The pulpit from
1588 is in exquisite Renaissance style.

9. Den Gamle Nationalbank/The Old
National Bank
Domkirkepladsen 1
In 1837, Denmark’s National Bank established a
branch in Århus. A new, larger building, which today
houses Nykredit, was erected in 1924-1926. During
the construction, remnants of Århus’ oldest Biscopal
estates were discovered, which identifies the spot as
the centre of Medieval Århus.

10. Kvindekuseet i Danmark/Women’s
Museum in Denmark
Domkirkepladsen 5
www.kvindemuseet.dk
Women’s Museum in Århus is located in the old
city hall from 1857. The permanent exhibition

depicts the condition of women from ancient times
to present-day, with emphasis on the last couple of
centuries and the great changes they have brought
to the role of women in society.

11. Hotel Royal
Store Torv 4
www.hotelroyal.dk
Århus’ exquisite Hotel Royal was built in 1838. It is
beautifully furnished, and gives a good impression
of Danish 19th century architecture.

12. Vor Frue Kirke/Church of Our Lady
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Århus Trip 1
Vestergade 21
www.aarhusvorfrue.dk
Church of Our Lady is Århus’ old Cathedral, built in
1060 by King Erik Ejegod. It consists of three parts:
the Abbey Church, the Crypt and the large central
space. The Crypt is the earliest part of the church,
which makes it the oldest building in Århus. It is also
the oldest vaulted room in the Nordic countries. The
beautiful altarpiece was carved by Claus Berg in 1520.

The surrounding buildings were erected by the

Black Friars. After the reformation they were used
as hospital buildings. Remnants of the cruciform
Gothic corridor can still be seen in the yard.

In Frue Kirkeplads (Church of Our Lady Square)
stands Jens-Flemming Sørensen’s modern fountain
sculpture, made in the 1970s of bronze and granite
from Bornholm.


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Århus Trip 2
Århus Trip 2

13. Århus Rådhus/Århus City Hall
Rådhuspladsen 2
www.aarhuskommune.dk
Århus City Hall was built in 1938-1942 by Arne
Jacobsen and Arne Møller.

This building, with its 60-metre-tall tower, has
become Århus’ icon. It is covered with Norwegian
marble, and inside it is furnished with bog oak,
Italian mosaic floor and a hand-woven Askovhus
carpet in the Council Chamber. The West wall of

the City Hall is made of glass, the other walls in
channeled beech. The walls in the Council Chamber
are of Cuban mahogany. These are only a few
examples of the many interesting features of Århus’
impressive City Hall.

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Århus Trip 2
14. Rådhusparken/City Hall Park
By Århus Rådhus
Around the City Hall and in the beautifully
landscaped park, several works of art are on display.
Johannes Bjerg’s fountain “Agnete and the Merman”
to the southwest is, like the City Hall building, from
1941.


In the park stands Svend Rathsack’s ”The Girl of
1940”, which was inspired by the aerial
bombardments of World War II, and Kaj Nielsen’s
“The Girl From Århus”, which is from 1921. The
Girl From Århus originally stood in front of Århus
Stadium, but was moved to the park in 1948.

To the northwest of City Hall stands Mogens
Bøggild’s “Ceres’ Well”, or “Pig’s Well” from 1950.

15. Musikhuset/The Music House
Thomas Jensens Allé
www.musikhusetaarhus.dk
Århus Music House is an art centre, where concerts,
dancing and opera are performed. It also hosts
various exhibitions and other art related activities.

Various works of art are on exhibit among palm
tress and other exotic plants in the beautiful glass
covered foyer.

16. ARoS, Århus Art Museum
Aros Allé 2
www.aarhuskunstmuseum.dk
ARoS opened in 2004 in the modern museum
building designed by the architect firm Schmidt,
Hammer & Lassen. The ten-story museum is
cubistic, 50x50 metres, and made of stone and glass.
It has a fine collection of international art dating

from the 18th century to present-day. ARoS also
has exhibitions of international contemporary art, as
well as several interactive exhibitions for children
and young people.

17. Mølleparken/The Mill Park
Mølleparken
Århus’ old water mill, mentioned for the first time
in 1286 stood in the Mill park which is now the
home of Århus’ Public Library from 1934, as well
as the cozy park facilities with sculptures, such as
Johannes Bjerg’s “Love Fight” (Elskovskampen)
from 1929.

18. Århus Bymuseun/Århus Museum
Carl Blochs Gade 28
www.bymuseet.dk
Århus Museum depicts the history of Århus in its
permanent exhibitions. It also has various theme
exhibitions. The museum’s primary section is the
large modern building, which opened in 2005. Part
of the museum is located in the old Hammel
Railway station building, constructed by Heinrich
Wenck in 1902. The history of the Hammel Railway
is depicted in the renovated waiting room.
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Århus Trip 2


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Århus Trip 3
Århus Trip 3

19. Den Gamle By/The Old Town
Viborgvej 2
www.dengamleby.dk
The Old Town is a unique open-air market town
museum. It was opened in 1914 as “The Old
Mayor’s Estate”, after having been showcased in
connection with an exhibition in 1909. It originally
included three other buildings, which had been
moved to the area for preservation.


By 1945 more than 50 old market town houses had
been saved and moved to The Old Town, thus
preserving a unique historical milieu. The Old Town
has inspired preservation of original market towns
around Europe, which would otherwise have been
lost.

The Old Town also has large collections of furniture,
toys, clothes, coins and other everyday items.

Today the museum has 75 buildings from 20
different Danish towns and cities. They range from
the Middle-Ages to the beginning of the 20
th
century.
The buildings have been arranged as a complete
market town with shops, workshops, homes, school,
pharmacy etc.

20. Botanisk Have/Botanical Gardens
Eugen Warmingsvej 10
Neighbour to the Old Town is Århus Botanical
Gardens, a lovely oasis with many trees and
plantations. The Gardens, founded by Jutland
Garden Society in 1873, is one of the largest parks
in Århus.

The impressive greenhouses hold more than 4,000
plant species from all over the world. The tree
collection in the arboretum is worth a visit, as are

the Rhododendron and Rose Gardens in the
flowering season.

21. Sankt Markus Kirke/Church of St
Mark
Sankt Markus Kirkeplads
www.markuskirken.dk
Church of St Mark was built in 1935 to a design by
Thomas Laub Havning. The baptismal font is from
1991, the organ from 1967 and the artful altarpiece
from 1999. The altarpiece was made by Sven
Havsteen-Mikkelsen, and the five images in the
frieze depict Jesus in Gethsemane, Simon carrying
the cross for Jesus, the Second Coming, Bethlehem
and Golgotha.

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Århus Trip 3
22. Århus Universitet/Århus University
Universitetsparken
www.au.dk
Århus University was designed by the architects C.F.
Møller, Povl Stegmann and Kay Fisker. It is known
for its beautiful architecture and location in the
University Park.


The first classes started in 1928, and the present
university’s first buildings opened in 1933. The
original architectural theme has been adhered to in
subsequent buildings, which has created the
internationally known university complex

22a. Naturhistorisk Museum/Museum of
Natural History
Wilhelm Meyers Allé 210
www.naturhistoriskmuseum.dk
At the Museum of Natural History, located at
Århus University, visitors can learn about Danish
landscapes and their flora and fauna. The museum
also has exhibitions about other parts of the world.

22b. Steno Museet/The Steno Museum
C. F. Møllers Allé 1100
www.stenomuseet.dk
The Steno Museum offers a fascinating trip to the
world of natural and medical science. The museum
is part of Århus University, and it has a wide variety
of instruments and experiments for the visitor to try.

23. Skt. Johannes Kirke/Church of St
John
Skt. Johannes Allé 1
www.sktjohannes.dk
The Church of St John was built in 1905 as Århus’
fourth church. The architect, Valdemar, also
designed the slender church tower, which is visible

from afar.



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Århus Trip 4
Århus Trip 4

24. Sct. Paul’s Kirke/St Paul’s Church
Sct. Pauls Kirkeplads
www.sctpauls.dk
The twin-towered St Paul’s Church was built in 1887.
The church is orientated towards the city, which
means its towers are not turned west nor the choir
east, as is otherwise standard for Danish churches.
This was a requirement from M. P. Bruun, who
donated the land. The small granite fountain on St
Paul’s Square is from 1972.

25. Sankt Lukas’ Kirke/Church of St
Luke
Ingerslevs Boulevard 1
www.sktlukaskirke.dk
Church of St Luke is one of Århus’ most distinctive
due to the construction of the tower. The church
was built in 1921-1926 in neo-Classicistic style. The

building is 48 metres long and the tower 35 metres tall.

26. Ole Rømer’s Observatorium/Ole
Rømer’s Observatory
Observatorievej

Århus municipality built this observatory in 1911 in
honour of the astronomer Ole Rømer, who hailed
from the city. The architect Anton Rosen designed
the installation as well the limestone relief of Ole
Rømer situated in the hall. The observatory’s two
domes each have a reflector.

27. Marselisborg Slot/Marselisborg
Castle
Marselisborg Skov/Mindeparken
www.kongehuset.dk
Marselisborg Castle was built in 1899-1902 by Hack
Kampmann as a gift from the people to the heirs to
the throne, the subsequent King Christian X and
Queen Alexandrine.

Today the castle is used by Queen Margrethe II as
summer residence, and is therefore not open to
visitors, but it is possible to view it from a distance.

Marselisborg is named in honour of Constantin
Marselis, who established Marselisborg Barony on
the land that King Frederik III in 1661 gave to
Constantin’s father, the Dutch merchant Gabriel

Marselis.
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Århus Trip 4




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20

Day Trips from Århus
Day Trips from Århus

28. Rosenholm Slot/Rosenholm Castle
Rosenholmvej 119, Hornslet, 25 kilometres
North
www.rosenholmslot.dk
Rosenholm Castle north of Århus is one of Jutland’s
finest Renaissance buildings.


The Manor House was built in red monk-bricks on a
granite fundament in the last half of the 16th century.

Rosenholm was influenced by the Dutch
Renaissance, via buildings such as Holmen Church
in Copenhagen, and the yard has elements of Italian
Loggia style.

The exquisitely furnished Rosenholm, is primarily
the result of Iver Rosenkranz’s renovations in the
1730s and 1740.

Rosenholm’s Baroque Garden is very beautiful, and
it has Denmark’s oldest pavilion, Pirkentavl, from
the 1560s.

29. Skaføgård
Skaføgårdsvej 19, Mørke, 30 kilometres
Northeast
Rosenholm’s owner, Jørgen Rosenkrantz, had
Skaføgård built on an islet with a wide moat. Among
the later additions is the gate building from ca. 1600.

Skaføgård has had several different owners. The
latest change of hands was in 1852 when J.B.S.
Estrup, who later would become Prime Minister of
Denmark, bought Skaføgård from Jørgen Mørch
Secher’s widow, whose family had owned Skaføgård
since 1797.


30. GL. Estrup/Old Estrup
Randers 4, Auning, 40 kilometres Northeast
www.gl-estrup.dk
Old Estrup was built around 1590 in Gothic
Renaissance style on the foundation of Lave Brok’s
dilapidated water castle from 1441.

Later additions include the octagonal towers from
the 1620s. From 1625 to 1926 Old Estrup was
owned by the Scheel family. When the estate
changed hands, the furniture was sold, but much of
it has since been bought back by the museum,
founded in 1930. The rooms are kept as they were
in the 16th-17th century. The Hall with its Flemish
tapestries and the Blue Tower Room with painted
draperies are among the most interesting features
on Old Estrup.

The large farm buildings house Denmark’s
Agricultural Museum, which offers excellent insight
into daily farm life, past and present. It has large
collections of agricultural tools, and traditional
Danish domestic animals are kept in the fields.

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21


Day Trips from Århus
31. Clausholm Slot/Clausholm Castle
Clausholmvej 208, Voldum, 30 kilometres North
www.clausholm.dk
Clausholm Castle from 1693-1699 is one of
Denmark’s best preserved Baroque castles. It was
built by Grand Chancellor Conrad Reventlow, who
also started laying out the beautiful garden, which
was not finished in its present form, including
fountains and terraces, until 1976.

Clausholm is located in simple surroundings,
encircled by water, but the interior is magnificent,
especially in the gorgeous halls of the central section.
The Garden Hall and the Queen’s Antechamber, the
Black Hall has some of Northern Europe’s most
impressive Stucco work. Most of the furnishing of
the castle took place in the 18
th
century under King
Frederik IV. The exquisite contents, including
paintings, tapestries and furniture, represent the last
300 years.

Clausholm also has a small blue-marbled chapel
from 1731-1734, furnished by Anne Sophie
Reventlow.

To the south of the garden’s cascades and facilities
stands the half-timbered farm building from 1686.


32. Moesgård
Moesgård Allé 20, 8 kilometres South
www.moesmus.dk
Moesgård, built in Classicistic style in 1780-1784,
lies to the south of Århus. The previous three-
winged complex was situated a little further to the
south than the present one. Moesgård has since
1964 functioned as a prehistoric museum, depicting
Denmark’s, particularly Jutland’s, ancient history.
Outside lie the Baroque Garden, the Monument
Park and several old burial mounds.

Of the many fascinating finds on display at
Moesgård Museum, the Grauballe Man is perhaps
the most famous. The Grauballe Man is the best
preserved bog body in the world. He was found in a
bog near the town of Grauballe in 1952, and is
thought to have lived in the Iron Age between the
2
nd
and 3
rd
centuries.

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Day Trips from Århus
33. Ebeltoft and The Frigate
Jylland/Fregatten Jylland
Ebeltoft, 50 kilometres East
www.fregatten-jylland.dk
Ebeltoft on Mols is known for its beautiful location
and atmospheric city centre with the old City Hall
and its dungeons from 1576. Many visitors to
Ebeltoft come to see the Frigate Jylland (Jutland),
which is a well-preserved battleship from the Battle
of Helgoland in 1864. The ship was launched in
1860 and made several voyages to the West Indies.
In the 1870s the frigate was made a royal yacht,
which in 1876 conveyed the Danish Royal Couple
to St Petersburg. In 1908, Jylland was retired from
the Danish Navy and sold to the ship breaker, but
fortunately it was saved from this fate and restored.
Since 1960, it has been laying at Ebeltoft.

34. Mols Høje/Mols Hills
Agri Bavnehøj Vej, Knebel, 40 kilometres
Northeast
www.skovognatur.dk/Udgivelser/Vandretursfo
ldere/atilaa/Mols.htm
Mols Hills is a lovely nature experience in hilly
terrain surrounded by the ocean. The area’s highest
point (137 metres) is Agri Beacon, which offers a
magnificent view of the surrounding landscape.


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Århus

23

Day Trips from Århus
35. Kalø Slotsruin/Kalø Castle Ruin
Molsvej, 30 kilometres Northeast
www.sns.dk/fortidsm/netpub/kaloe/indhold.htm
Kalø Castle was a fortress built by King Erik
Menved in 1313. The Castle was for a period used as
prison, and among its prominent prisoners was
Gustav Vasa in 1518. The beckoning landscape
around Kalø Castle Ruin makes for lovely hikes.

36. Thorsager Rundkirke/Thorsager
Round Church
Thorsgade, Thorsager, 31 kilometres Northeast
www.thorsager-bregnet.dk/thorsager_kirke.htm
The Round Church in Thorsager is one of only
seven medieval churches in Denmark, and it is the
only one in Jutland. The Church is thought to have

been built by the Absalon Family around 1200. It is
West Denmark’s first monk-brick building, and it
was used as refuge when the town was attacked
from the sea (Thorsager lay by an inlet at that time).




Århus

24

Children / Shopping / Transportation
With Children in Århus
Djurs Sommerland
(Randersvej 17, Nimtofte, 45 kilometres Northeast):
www.djurssommerland.dk

Givskud Zoo
(Løveparkvej 3, Givskud, 80 kilometres Southwest):
www.givskudzoo.dk

Legoland
(Nordmarksvej 9, Billund, 100 kilometres Southwest):
www.legoland.dk

Museum of Natural History
(Wilhelm Meyers Allé 210):
www.naturhistoriskmuseum.dk


Steno Museum (C. F. Møllers Allé 1100):
www.stenomuseet.dk

Tivoli Friheden (Skovbrynet):
www.friheden.dk

Shopping in Århus
Ryesgade, Søndergade, Frederiksgade, Fiskergade,
Åboulevarden, Sct. Clemens Gade, Vestergade

Bruun’s Galleri (M. P. Bruuns Gade 25):
www.bruunsgalleri.dk

Magasin (Immervad 2-8):
www.magasin.dk

Salling (Søndergade 27):
www.salling.dk

Public Transportation in Århus
Århus City Transport:
www.midttrafik.dk

Århus Airport:
www.aar.dk

Billund Airport:
www.bll.dk

Danish Railways:

www.dsb.dk



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