Tài liệu Travel to Nice pptx

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Nice
© 2009 Stig Albeck & Ventus Publishing ApS
Translation: Carina Nimann Nielsen
All rights and copyright relating to the content of this
book are the property of Ventus Publishing ApS, and/or its
suppliers. Content from ths book, may not be reproduced
in any shape or form without prior written permission from
Ventus Publishing ApS.
Quoting this book is allowed when clear references are made,

in relation to reviews are allowed.
ISBN 978-87-7061-434-4
1st edition
Pictures and illustrations in this book are reproduced according
to agreement with the following copyright owners
Stig Albeck.
The stated prices and opening hours are indicative and may
have be subject to change after this book was published.
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Kapiteloverskrift ONLIBRI
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A visit to Nice
A Visit to Nice
www.nicetourism.com
www.crt-paca.fr
www.franceguide.com

Nice is the main city on the French Riviera, and who
does not immediately associate the name with palm
trees, a hot sun and nice beaches? With its beautiful
location on the Baie des Anges, Nice is a good
starting point for trips along the coast or into the
interior.

Nice has attracted tourists for centuries, and it is
possible that the Romans started tourism as early as
2,000 years ago by building the Roman baths, which
can still be seen in the Ciniez quarter. Today, there is

both city and beach tourism in Nice and it is the
centre of a broad variety of possibilities, in the old
town, along the sea front, or in the beautiful
countryside surrounding Nice.

Fashionable Nice, with the Promenade des Anglais
along the Mediterranean occupied by magnificent
buildings and imposing hotels and its many flowers
and palm trees, gives you a fantastic welcome to the
warmest region in France.

Have a nice trip!

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Nice

6

Historical outline
Historical outline

Historical Nice was founded on Colline du Château.
Only a few archaeological finds from this period
have been preserved.

In the 6th century, Greek influence spread from
Marseille along the coast to Nice. The Greek region
of Nikaia (which means victory) was located in Nice
in the area that is now the old town, and it is
believed that there was a Greek Acropolis on Colline
du Château.

In 154 B.C., the Romans helped the Greek in
Marseille to defend Nikaia and the nearby Antibes
and this became the beginning of the increasing
Roman dominance in the area.

In the year 14 B.C., the Romans founded
Cemenelum in what is today the Cimiez quarter in
Nice. From the outset, Cemenelum was the regional
centre of Alpes Maritimae, something which Nice
still is for the French department of Alpes-Maritimes.

Cemenelum never became an important city in the
Roman Empire. No city walls, fortifications or major
temples were built, but still, it is possible today to see
a Roman theatre and Roman baths. Cemenelum was
also the place where the Moureille Aqueduct began.

It was the absolute centre of the Romans in the area.

The Roman influence in Nice decreased in line with
the fall of the Roman Empire. The Barbarian attacks
on the Roman Empire grew in frequency and in the
4th century, the area was attacked and partly
destroyed. In the following many centuries,
Cemenelum was attacked by German and Arab
armies and in the course of time, the inhabitants
moved away from the exposed Cemenelum to the
sea – to Nikaia, which thus gained more influence
and became the most important city in the area.

In 974, the last Arab armies were driven out of the
area by Count William of Provence and the region
was united.

In 1032, Provence and thus Nice joined the Holy
Roman Empire. During this period, the finances
and trade of the city boomed because of its fine
location on the shore of the Mediterranean, and
Nice grew.

In the 12th century, there was tension in the area

again and finally, the province was divided in two.
Toulouse got the northern areas, while Nice and the
southern parts came under Catalan rule. The
Catalans expanded their influence to the Southern
Alps, and Nice prospered again because of its status
as the central city in the area.

In 1388, the War of the Spanish Succession broke
out and to Nice, this meant that it became annexed
into the new Dutchy of Savoy, under Italian rule,
where Nice became one of the major cities.

Medieval Nice expanded around the Colline du
Château and the fortifications of Nice defended the
city during the following centuries against French
and Turkish troops, until France under Louis XIV
invaded Nice in two stages around 1700 and
destroyed the military installations of the city. Nice
was soon back in the Savoy, however.

Nice was invaded again in 1793 by troops from the
new French Republic and for the next 21 years,
Nice was the main city of a French province. After
the fall of Napoleon, Nice and Savoy belonged to

the King of Sardinia.

At the beginning of the 19th century, tourism began
to play a more and more important role in the area
and there were many English visitors, which can be
seen in the name of the beautiful sea front
promenade - Promenade des Anglais.

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Historical outline
In 1860, Nice became an official part of France after
the house of Savoy and France agreed to drive the
Austrians from northern Italy. Being part of France
caused the tourism in Nice to flourish further. In
1887, the area got its name Côte d’Azur by the poet
Stéphen Liégeard.

The famous carnival in Nice was established in 1873
in a way that is much like today’s festivities. The

Belle Époque lasted from 1880 to 1914. During this
period, Queen Victoria visited Nice several times.
She stayed at the present day Hotel Victoria.

In the 20th century, the city developed steadily and
Nice of today is able to offer tourists particularly
developed facilities in the city as well as in the
coastal areas and in the area towards the
neighbouring Alps.

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Tour 1. Nice
Tour 1. Nice

1. The Masséna Square/Place
Masséna

Place Masséna
Place Masséna is the central square in Nice. It is
located in the crossroads between the old town and

the elegant business street, Avenue Jean Médecin,
and the shopping street Rue Masséna.

Until the Paillon River was covered, the square was
divided into a northern and southern part, but now,
it is one big, open square devoid of traffic where
only modern trams are allowed.

Centrally located in the square, a large ornamental
lake with a fountain has been laid out in the Espace
Masséna area surrounded by trees and houses mainly
in Italian style.

2. Vieux Nice

The quarter around the Place Rossetti
Vieux Nice is the old town in Nice, where the
narrow streets and small squares are full of the big
city atmosphere of Southern France. Everything is
within walking distance and the streets are like a
maze where breathtaking sights are hidden behind
every corner together with small shops, churches or
some of the nice refreshment venues, which can be
found everywhere in Vieux Nice. There are many

sights in this part of the city, but the atmosphere in
the streets is absolutely a sight in itself.

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Tour 1. Nice
3. The City Hall/Hôtel de Ville

Rue de l’Hôtel de Ville 5

www.nice.fr
The City Hall of Nice was constructed in 1730 as a
college of education under the church. Later, it was a
hospital and military barracks before it was set up as
city hall in 1860. This took place in connection with
the incorporation of the city and the region into
France.

4. The Nice Opera/Opéra de Nice

Rue Saint-François de Paule 4-6
www.opera-nice.org

The lavishly adorned opera house is centrally located
on the sea front promenade in Nice. It was originally
built to be the theatre of the city, but was rebuilt
according to Parisian example after a major fire in
1881. The facades of the building facing the beach
and the city are beautiful and a must-see.

The Opera is a cultural asset to the city and every
year, it is possible to choose from a wide selection
of both opera performances and other
arrangements such as concerts.

5. Le Cours Saleya

Le Cours Saleya
Le Cours Selaya is the name of the long square
where Le marché aux fleurs, the famous, daily
flower market of Nice is held. It is known for its
abundance and it is also a market for fruit and
vegetables.

The square Le Cours Saleya is surrounded by a
number of beautiful buildings and countless eating
places, which all contribute to the nice atmosphere.

At the eastern end of the square, you can see the
Miséricorde Chapel/La Chapelle de la Miséricorde,
which was built around 1740. In spite of its modest
exterior, many people consider it one of the most
beautiful churches in the city.

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Tour 1. Nice
6. Palais des Rois Sardes

Place Pierre Gaultier
The mansion Palais des Rois Sardes was
inaugurated in its original size in 1613 by Carlo
Emanuele I, who was duke of Savoy. In 1814, the
king of Piemonte-Sardinia decided to elevate the
status of the mansion to a royal residence, and in
that connection, he had the building renovated - on
the outside as well as the interior.

In 1860, when Nice became part of France and thus
was no longer a city in a kingdom, the status of the
Palais des Rois Sardes was changed as it came to
house the administration of the Prefecture of Alpes
Maritimes. Therefore, the building is also known as
Palais de la Préfecture des Alpes Maritimes.

Under the leadership of Charles de Gaulle, a state
dinner was held here to celebrate the centenary of
the admission of Nice into France.

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Tour 1. Nice
7. Palais de Justice

Place du Palais
The imposing Palais de Justice was built at the end
of the 19th century in a classicist style as the
courthouse of Nice. It is located in the Palais de
Justice Square, which is one of the most beautiful
squares in Nice.

8. The Rusca Mansion/Palais Rusca

Place du Palais
The Rusca Mansion with its slim bell tower and
location is one of those buildings that can be seen
from a long distance in the narrow streets of Nice.
Today, the mansion is part of the administration, as
is the Palais de Justice, which is found directly across
the street. Previously, the mansion belonged to the
military.

9. Sainte-Réparate
Cathedral/Cathédrale Sainte-

Réparate

Place Rossetti
The Sainte-Réparate is the cathedral of Nice. It was
built from 1650 to 1699 and dedicated to the young
martyr Réparate, who was canonized and is the
patron saint of the city. Réparate was 11 years old in
Palestine in the 3rd century when she was arrested
and later tortured because of her faith.

The facade of the cathedral faces the square of
Place Rossetti where there is always a both lively

and nice atmosphere. The bell tower of the church
can be seen from here. It was erected in the 18th
century alongside the church building itself.

The interior of the church is abundantly set up in
Baroque style med its sculptures, mosaics, etc.
Several chapels have been built in connection with
the central room.

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Tour 1. Nice
10. The Church of Jesus/Église du Gesù

Rue Droite
The Church of Jesus in Nice is a fine example of a
baroque church building. The church was
constructed from 1612 to 1642 by the Jesuits, the so
called Compagnie de Jésus.

11. The Lascaris Mansion/Palais

Lascaris

Rue Droite 15
This mansion was built in Genoese baroque style
from 1648 as residence for the Lascaris-Ventimiglia
family. The former beauty of the mansion is still
intact, thanks to a renovation that took place in
1946 and restored the building as much as possible
to its original state.

Today, the impressive mansion houses various art
exhibitions. The building has many details to show,

including 18th century decorations on the finest
floor - étage noble. The sights include the pharmacy
that was set up on the ground floor in 1738.

12. The Garibaldi Square/Place
Garibaldi

Place Garibaldi
The Garibaldi Square is one of the fine oases of
Nice. This elegant square was laid out in 1700 as an
extension of the Old Town. Amid the mainly
uniform houses thrones a statue of Giuseppe

Garibaldi.

Giuseppe Garibaldi was born in Nice in 1807. Later,
he became the national hero of Italy for his efforts
throughout the 19th century to unify Italy.

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Tour 1. Nice
13. The Museum of Modern and
Contemporary Art/Musée d’Art
Moderne et d’Art Contemporain

Promenade des Arts
www.mamac-nice.org
The Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art,
colloquially merely called Mamac, is located in a
modern building complex. The museum was
opened in 1990 and the collection encompasses
mainly newer works of pop art. The exhibition

includes the artist Andy Warhol.
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Tour 1. Nice

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Tour 2. Nice
Tour 2. Nice

14. Castle Hill/ La Colline du Château

Parc du Château
The castle of Nice was erected in the 12th century.
Today, only a few ruins remain after it was destroyed
in 1706, but the trip up here to the protruding rock
is still worth it.

The signs on the castle area give a good impression

of how the area was laid out as a castle and where
the various bastions were.

Apart from that, there is a splendid view of both
Vieux Nice and Promenade des Anglais to the west
and the port of Nice to the east. By the ruins on the
top, there is a nice, public park area with many local
people and tourists, who enjoy the view or merely
relax in the green surroundings.

15. The Bellanda Tower/Tour Bellanda

Parc du Château, escalier Lesage
The Bellanda Tower was constructed in the castle
by La Colline du Château in the 16th century and it
is the only well-preserved part of the castle of Nice.

In the Bellanda Tower, the Naval Museum of the
city has been set up. Here, there is a fine exhibition
of ship models, arms, paintings, historical
navigation instruments etc.

16. The Port of Nice/Port du Nice

Quay Cassini
Like most other ports on the Riviera, the Port of
Nice is a splendid sight with all the spectacular and
big yachts that are often moored here. The port is
also the place where the cruise liners land and in
spite of the narrow entrance and limited space, even
big ships come in here. The port, which is full of
atmosphere, is located below the Castle Hill, La
Colline du Château, and the piers are surrounded by
houses along three sides.
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Nice

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Tour 2. Nice
17. Notre-Dame du Port

Place de l’Ile de Beauté 8
The Church of Notre-Dame du Port is one of the
dominating buildings on the waterfront in Nice.
With four big columns, the imposing facade towers
among the surrounding buildings, which are so

typical of Nice.

18. The Terra Amata Museum/Musée
de Terra Amata
Boulevard Carnot 25
www.musee-terra-amata.org
A visit to the Terra Amata Museum is a journey
through the history of man, where the development
from pre-historic times until today is described and
depicted in an exciting and fine way.

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Nice

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Tour 2. Nice
19. Fort Mont Alban/Fort du Mont
Alban

Avenue du Mont-Alban
This fort, which is located on the outskirts of Nice,
was built in the 16th century and it is a fine example
of the military architecture of its time with its
bastions, defensive walls and its lookout posts.

The fort is placed on a 222 meters tall mountain,
from which there is an impressive view of Nice, the

Mediterranean, many villages and areas in France
and Italy and all the way to the Alps.

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Nice

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Tour 3. Nice
Tour 3. Nice

20. The Promenade of the

English/Promenade des Anglais

Promenade des Anglais
Promenade des Anglais is the famous waterfront
promenade of Nice and the place where local people
and the tourists enjoy relaxed strolls under the palms
or go for a swim.

At the end of the 18th century, the English began to
come to this area where they could enjoy a mild
climate, and on their initiative, a promenade was
constructed along the natural and so far

undeveloped beaches. This was in 1820 and the
promenade was named accordingly.

Today, the street is approximately five kilometres
long and it stretches from the outskirts of the old
town of Nice towards the west and out of the city
centre. The azure water of the Mediterranean lies on
one side of the promenade and the fashionable
hotels, apartments and mansions on the other. A
walk here is the quintessence of the charm of Nice
and its opening towards the sea.

East of the Jardin Albert Park along the old town of
Vieux Nice, the promenade continues as the street
Quai des États-Unis. This stretch is as beautiful as
the Promenade des Anglais and it ends abruptly by
the protruding rock of Colline du Château.

21. The Masséna Mansion/Palais
Masséna

Rue de France 65
The beautiful Masséna Mansion was erected from
1898 to 1901 and inspired by Italian building style.

In 1917, the Masséna family, who had built the
mansion, handed the building and the surrounding
garden over to the city of Nice, on the condition
that a museum should be set up and there should
be public access to the garden.

Since 1921, the mansion has housed a museum that
offers art exhibitions and historical collections -
Musée d’Art et d’Histoire. Here, it is possible to see
various exhibitions, often of local art, and various
historical artefacts such as furniture, uniforms and
weapons.

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Tour 3. Nice
22. Hotel Negresco

Promenade des Anglais 37

The world famous, fashionable Hotel Negresco is the
pearl of all the buildings along the Promenade des
Anglais. The hotel is a living part of the glamorous
history of Nice and at the same time, it is a wonderful
building where well-known people from all over the
world stay when they are in town. The hotel was built
in 1912 by the Rumanian businessman Henri
Negresco. The hotel has many brilliant details,
including the pink dome, which is the symbol of the
building and inside hangs the chandelier that was
ordered by the Russian Tsar Nicolas II, but due to the
Russian Revolution was never delivered.

The hotel was opened shortly before the First World
War and Henri Negresco had to see his hotel set up
as a hospital. After the war, the number of wealthy
tourists decreased and Negresco had to sell the hotel,
which then saw the ups and downs of life until it was
taken over by the Augier family in 1957. With the
Augier family as owners, the hotel was again set up in
the splendour that was intended by Henri Negresco
and it once again became a hotel for wealthy people.

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Nice

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Tour 3. Nice
23. The Art Museum/Musée des Beaux-
Arts

Avenue des Baumettes 33
www.musee-beaux-arts-nice.org
In the Art Museum of Nice, you can see a number
of paintings and sculptures. The collection
concentrates on Italian painting from the 17th
century, French painting from the 18th century, as
well as various works from the 19th century.

24. Musée Departemental des Artes
Asiatiques
Promenade des Anglais 405
www.arts-asiatiques.com

This museum, which exhibits various works of
Asian art, is located in the green area of Parc
Phoenix. The modern museum building is designed
by the Japanese architect Kenzo Tange.

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Nice

21

Tour 4. Nice
Tour 4. Nice

25. The Russian Orthodox Cathedral of
Saint Nicolas/Cathédrale Orthodoxe
Russe Saint-Nicolas

Boulevard Tsarewitch
Between 1903 and 1912, the Russian church of Nice
with its six onion-shaped domes was erected by the
architect Preobrajenskij. The church building was
inspired by the famous Cathedral of the Assumption
in Moscow and it was for the large Russian colony in
the city of southern France.

The Cathedral was built on initiative of Tsar Nicolas
II and it is an incredibly beautiful sight with its
shapes and colours, which are unique to Nice. The
Cathedral of Saint Nicolas is the biggest Russian
church outside Russia and the traditionally Russian
dominated areas.

26. The Notre Dame Basilica/Basilique
Notre-Dame

Avenue Jean Médecin 37

The Notre Dame Basilica in Nice was built in
traditional Gothic cathedral style in 1868. Its size is
a clear symbol of the fact the Nice was extended
with impressive buildings in the new part of town,
which is partly located along the central street of
Avenue Jean Médecin.

27. The Joan of Arc Church/Église
Sainte-Jeanne-d’Arc

Avenue Borriglione 30
The Joan of Arc Church is a Catholic church, which

is well-known for it very untraditional architecture
with domes and towers.
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Tour 4. Nice
The building was erected in concrete from 1926-
1933 based on the design of the French architect
Jacques Drozs.

The design involving the domes creates a very
spacious church room. The paintings of Eugène
Klementieff, who was inspired by Russian art, have
been used to decorate the church.

28. The Chagall Museum/Musée
Chagall
Avenue du Docteur Ménard
www.musee-chagall.fr
This art museum contains a large collection of the
works of Marc Chagall. The versatility of Chagall

shows through the various works that include
mosaics, glass art, drawings and large paintings.

29. The Matisse Museum/Musée
Matisse
Avenue des Arènes de Cimiez 164
www.musee-matisse-nice.org
A museum has been set up close to where the artist
Henri Matisse lived and worked for many years.
Matisse is particularly known for his paintings and
part of his works is exhibited here.

Henri Matisse lived in Nice from 1917 till his death
in 1954, but the museum also exhibits earlier works,
from before he moved to the city.

The museum building is a wonderful villa from the
17th century in Genoese style located in beautiful
surroundings.

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Tour 4. Nice
30. The Archeological Museum of
Cimiez/Musée Archeologique de

Nice-Cimiez
Avenue des Arenès 160
During the Roman era, the city of Cemenelum was
located where the wealthy neighbourhood, Cimiez, is
now found. Over the years, several finds have been
made, some of which date back to pre-Roman times
around the year 1100 B.C.

The Roman amphitheatre and the Roman baths
from the 4th century are among the excavations as
are paved roads from the end of the Roman period.

31. The Franciscan
Monastery/Monastère Franciscain de
Cimiez

Place du Monastère
In this monastery, which is still active, there is an
interesting exhibition of the life of the Franciscan
monks in this area from 1200 to 1800, with emphasis
on the later period. Apart from a chronological
outline, there are many historical works of art to be
seen in for example the abbey church, which was
erected during the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries.

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Tour 4. Nice
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Day tours from Nice
Day tours from Nice

32. Èze
Èze, 10 km NE
www.eze-riviera.com
Several minor towns are located between Nice and
Monaco, including Èze situated on the rocks 427
metres above the sea. The narrow streets of Èze
create an atmosphere typical of a mountain village
and at the highest point, the old castle ruin is found.
The ruin is mostly known for its surrounding exotic

garden, Jardin botanique d'Èze, with its various
tropical plants.

The castle was constructed after the Savoy took
over Èze in 1388 and wanted a fortification close to
Nice. Throughout the centuries, Èze was besieged
several times and in 1706, the French destroyed the
town walls and thus its defense. Èze became part of
France in 1860.

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