TỔNG HỢP CÁC DẠNG CÂU ĐẢO NGỮ THƯỜNG GẶP

INVERSION
DẠNG 1: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI CÁC TRẠNG TỪ PHỦ ĐỊNH
Các Trạng từ phủ định hay dùng cho dạng này:
- never: khơng bao giờ
- hardly: hầu như khơng
- little: ít khi, hiếm khi
- rarely: hiếm khi
- seldom: hiếm khi
- scarcely: hiếm khi
- hardly ever: hầu như không bao giờ
* Công thức: TRẠNG TỪ PHỦ ĐỊNH + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S + V.
Eg: - Seldom do they eat meat
(*) CHÚ Ý: với HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN và QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN khi đã mượn trợ động từ (DO, DOES, DID), Động từ
chính của câu luôn là NGUYÊN THỂ.
Eg: - Little does she visit here. (ít khi cơ ấy thăm nơi này)
DẠNG 2: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI CÁC CẤU TRÚC VỚI NO
- at no time: không bao giờ
- on no condition: không đủ khả năng, dù thế nào
- on no account: không thể nào, không ..... trong bất kỳ hoàn cảnh nào
- under/ in no circumstances: khơng bao giờ
- for no searson: khơng có lý do gì
- in no way: khơng thể nào, khơng thể
- no longer: không..........nữa
- nowhere: không ở nơi nào
(công thức giống Dạng 1)
Eg:
- For no reason will we surrender
(chúng ta sẽ khơng đầu hàng vì bất kỳ lí do gì)
- No longer does he work here (ông ta không làm việc ở đây nữa)
DẠNG 3: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI SUCH VÀ SO
A. SO:

* SO + ADJ + BE (chia) + S + THAT + S + V + O
* SO + ADV + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S + V + THAT + S + V + O (ít gặp)
Eg:
- So angry was the man that he beat all the woman.
- So stupid are you that you will die.
- So quickly did she run that they couldn't catch them.
B. SUCH:
* SUCH + BE(chia) (+ A/AN) + N + THAT + S + V + O
* SUCH (+ A/AN) + N + BE + S + THAT + S + V + O
Eg:
- Such is a beautiful girl that all boys love her
- Such a beautiful girl is she that all boys love her.
DẠNG 4: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI: "HARDLY ..........WHEN........."
* HARDLY + HAD + S + VP2 + WHEN + S + V- quá khứ đơn.
Eg:
- Hardly had she left home when it rained
- Hardly had the chopper taken off when it exploded
DẠNG 5: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI CÁC CẤU TRÚC CÓ ONLY
* LOẠI 1:
- only once: chỉ 1 lần
- only later: chỉ sau đó
- only in this/ that way: chỉ bằng cách này/ cách đó - only after + /v-ing/ n: chỉ sau khi
- only by v_ing/ n: chỉ bằng cách, bằng việc
- only with + n: chỉ với
- only then: chỉ sau đó
- only + giới từ + thời gian: chỉ vào lúc
=> CÁC CỤM NÀY + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S + V
Eg:
- Only by practising frequenly can you play footbell well.
* LOẠI 2:

- only when: chỉ khi
- only after: chỉ sau khi
- only if: chỉ nếu mà
=> CÁC CỤM NÀY + S1 + V1+ O1 + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S2 + V2
(CÁC CỤM NÀY + S1 + V1+ O1 + ĐẢO NGỮ)
Eg:
- Only when she left did he understand her love for him.
DẠNG 6: Đảo ngữ với: NOT ONLY...... BUT......ALSO.....(khơng những..........mà cịn)
* NOT ONLY + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S + V1 + BUT + S + ALSO + V2
(V1 sẽ nguyên thể nếu đó là Hiện tại đơn or Qúa khứ đơn – V2 sẽ vẫn giữ nguyên dạng theo THÌ)
Eg:
- Not only did he steal the car but he also burnt the house.
* CHÚ Ý: vị trí của vế BUT ALSO có thể khác một chút nhưng đây là dạng PHỔ BIẾN)
DẠNG 7: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI NOT UNTIL (TILL) (mãi) cho đến khi/ chỉ khi........thì mới......)


* NOT UNTIL + THỜI GIAN/ S1 + V1 + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S2 + V2.
(NOT UNTIL + THỜI GIAN/ S + V + ĐẢO NGỮ)
Eg:
- Not until I went to bed did I remember the task
- Not until 11 p.m will he come back.
DẠNG 8: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI NO SOONER ......THAN...... (vừa mới.......thì.......)
Dạn này giống với dạng 4 "hardly.......when......": 1 vế QKHT và 1 vế QKĐ)
* NO SOONER + HAD + S + VP2 + THAN + S + V-quá khứ đơn.
Eg:
- No sooner had he died than his sons fought for his property.
DẠNG 9: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI CÁC TRẠNG TỪ CHỈ CHUYỂN ĐỘNG
- round and round: vòng quanh
- to and fro: đi đi lại lại
- up and down: lên lên xuống xuống

- away: rời xa
- off: rời xa
.............................. (còn nhiều nữa)
=> CÁC CỤM NÀY + ĐỘNG TỪ + S
Eg:
- Round and round flies the bird
- Away ran the thief
* CHÚ Ý: nếu như CHỦ NGỮ là 7 ĐẠI TỪ NHÂN XƯNG (I, WE, YOU, THEY, HE, SHE, IT)
–cấu trúc sẽ là:
=> TRẠNG TỪ + S + V
Eg: - away he ran
DẠNG 10: ĐẢO NGỮ GIỚI TỪ CHỈ ĐỊA ĐIỂM
- here: ở đây
- there: ở đó
- Giới từ (in, on, at, from, to...) + đia điểm
=> CÁC CỤM NÀY + V + S.
Eg:
- There came the guests.
- In the kitchen was a ghost
* CHÚ Ý: nếu như CHỦ NGỮ là 7 ĐẠI TỪ NHÂN XƯNG (I, WE, YOU, THEY, HE, SHE, IT)
– cấu trúc sẽ là:
GIỚI TỪ + ĐỊA ĐIỂM + S + V
Eg: - here we are
DẠNG 11: ĐẢO NGỮ với CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
(1) Câu điều kiện LOẠI 1: * SHOULD + S + V-nguyên thể, S + WILL + V-nguyên thể
Eg: - Should she come late, he will beat her. (nếu phủ định thì cho NOT sau chủ ngữ)
(2) Câu điều kiện LOẠI 2: * WERE + S + TO + V-nguyên thể, S + WOULD + V-nguyên thể
Eg: - Were I to quit the job, I wouldn't have enough money. (nếu phủ định thì cho NOT sau chủ ngữ)
- Nếu sau nó là Danh từ hoạc Tính từ thì có thể bỏ cụm TO V. Vd: Were I you, I would go home....
(3) Câu điều kiện LOẠI 3: * HAD + S + VP2, S + WOULD HAVE + VP2

Eg: - HAD WE KNOWN your address, we would have visited you. (nếu phủ định thì cho NOT sau chủ ngữ)
ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI MỘT SỐ DẠNG KHÁC
với Dạng 4: HARDLY HAD + S + V-p2 + WHEN + S + V-quá khứ đơn.
=> HARDLY có thể thay bằng dạng có BARELY hoặc SCARCELY BARELY/ SCARCELY HAD + S + V-p2
+ WHEN + S + V-quá khứ đơn.
(vừa mới....thì.........)
Eg:
- barely/ scarcely had we set off when it snowed. (Chúng tao vừa khởi hành thì trời đổ tuyết)


INVERSION EXERCISES
I. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with NEVER
1. She had never been so happy before.=> Never before…………………………………………
2. I have never heard such nonsense!=> Never…………………………………………………...
3. I have never seen such a mess in my life.=> Never in my life…………………………………
4. Our profits have never been higher than they are this year.=> Never…………………………
5. The film had never before laid on such a sumptuous celebration.=>Never……………………
II. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with RARELY, SELDOM or LITTLE
1. One rarely finds good service these days.=> Rarely………………………………………………………
2. She has rarely travelled more than fifty miles from her village.=> Rarely………………………………
3. Public borrowing has seldom been so high.=> Seldom…………………………………………
4. They had seldom participated in such a fascinating ceremony.=> Seldom…………………………
5. They little suspected that the musical was going to be a runaway success
.=> Little……………………………
III. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with NOT.
1. He is my friend as well as yours.=> Not only…………………………………………………
2. He not only spent all his money but also borrowed some from me.
=> Not only………………………………………
3. Harry not only broke his leg but also injured his shoulder.
=> Not only………………………………………………

4. He is both intelligent and handsome.
=> Not only…………………………………………………………………….
5. She is impatient and dishonest.
=> Not……………………………………………………………………………..
IV. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with ONLY
1.He only thought about having a holiday abroad after he retired
.=> Only ………………………………………………
2. I only realized how dangerous the situation had been when I got home.
=> Only ………………………………………
3. It wasn’t until last week that the Agriculture Minister admitted defeat
.=> Only ………………………………………………
4. I understood Hamlet only after seeing it on the stage.=> Only ………………………………………………
5. They didn’t get round to business until they had finished eating.
=> Only ………………………………………………
V. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SHOULD.
1. If the Government are forced into another election, it will be the favorite to win.
=> Should………………
2. If you want to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is free after 9. A.M
=> Should……………………………
3. If you have further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.
=> Should…………………………
4. If you decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1st April.
=> Should…………………………
5. If we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately
.=> Should……………………………………………….
VI. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with WERE OR HAD
1. If the salary were high, the job would be worth doing.=> Were………………………………………………
2. Would you visit me if I were sent to prison?=> Were………………………………………………
3. I didn’t see the signal, so I didn’t stop.=> Had………………………………………………
4. If I were rich, I could afford to buy an expensive car.=> Were ………………………………………………

5. If I were you, I would tell him the truth.=> Were………………………………………………
VII. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SO OR SUCH.
1. The weather is so beautiful that we decided to go to the beach.
=> So………………………………………………
2. He is so strong that he can lift the box.=> So………………………………………………
3. He is such a lazy boy that no one likes him.=> Such………………………………………………
4. He ate so much food that he became ill.=> So………………………………………………
5. It is such hot coffee that I can't drink it.=> Such………………………………………………


VIII. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the
same as the sentence printed above it.
1. He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang.
=> No sooner ………………………………………………
2. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
=> Hardly ………………………………………………
3. He didn’t finish his work until the bell rang.=> Not until ………………………………………………
4. We only began to see the symptoms of the disease after several months.=> Only …………………………
5. A sleeping dog was lying under the table.=> Under the table………………………………………………
IX. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the
same as the sentence printed above it.
1. He spent all his money. He even borrowed some from me.
=> Not only………………………………………………
2. He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang
.=> No sooner ………………………………………………
3. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
=> Hardly ………………………………………………
4. He didn’t finish his work until the bell rang.=> Not until ………………………………………………
5. We only began to see the symptoms of the disease after several months.=> Only ………………………
6. I have never seen anyone in my life drink as much as you.

=> Never ………………………………………………
7. A sleeping dog was lying under the table.=> Under the table ………………………………………………
8. His brother had rarely been more excited.=> Rarely………………………………………………
9. The facts were not all made public until later.=> Only………………………………………………
10. If I had realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job.=> Had……………………
11. The response to our appeal was so great that we has to take on more staff.=> Such……………………
12. Harry broke his leg, and also injured his shoulder.=> Not only ………………………………………………
13. The police didn’t at all suspect that the judge was the murderer.
=> Little ………………………………………………
14. If you do happen to see Helen, could you ask her to call me?
=> Should………………………………………………
15. The bus driver cannot be blamed for the accident in any way.
=> In ………………………………………………
16. The snowfall was so heavy that all the trains had to be cancelled.
=> So ………………………………………………
17. If the government raised interest rates. They would lose the election.
=> Were………………………………
18. As soon as I got into the bath, someone knocked at the door.
=> No sooner ………………………………………………
19. There was so much uncertainty that the financial markets remained closed.
=> Such……………………………
20. It’s not common for there to be so much rain in March
.=> Seldom………………………………………………
21. You won’t allowed in until your identify has been checked.
=> Only………………………………………………
22. Just after the play started there was a power failure.=> Hardly………………………………………………
23. The Prime Minister has hardly ever made a speech as inept as this.
=> Rarely……………………………
24. We had only just arrived home when the police called.
=> Scarcely……………………………………………….

25. Press photographers are banned from taking photographs backstage.=> On no…………………………
26. The way so much money has been spent to so little purpose must be a record.
=> Never before……………………
27. The judge was taken ill just after the trial proceedings began.
=> Barely………………………………………………
28. She seldom misses a lecture.=> Seldom………………………………………………
29. As soon as we had come home, it started to rain=> No sooner………………………………………………
30. As soon as we had turned on the TV, the electricity went out.
=> Hardly ………………………………………………


31. I have never been embarrassed like that!=> Never………………………………………………
32. She had never experienced this exhilarating emotion in her life.
=> Never ………………………………………………
33. He has seldom seen anything stranger
=> Seldom………………………………………………
34. I have seldom seen him looking so miserable.
=> Seldom_………………………………………………
35. As soon as I had got out of the bed, the phone rang.
=> Scarcely ………………………………………………
36. As soon as he had finished dinner, she walked in the door.=> No sooner
………………………………………………
37. I only understood the problem then.=> Only ………………………………………………
38. We will be only able to accomplish this great task by working hard.=> Only
………………………………………………
39. You can only pass this exam by studying hard.=> Only ………………………………………………
40. You can only understand it when you grow up.=> Only………………………………………………
41. I can only forgive you if you tell me the truth.=> Only………………………………………………
42. I only realized that I'd seen it before after the film started.=> Only
………………………………………………

43. The situation was so strange that I couldn’t sleep.=> So ………………………………………………
44. The test is so difficult that students need three months to prepare.=>
So………………………………………………
45. The exercise is so easy that every students can do it easily.=> So
_………………………………………………
46. He not only studies well, but also he sings well.=> Not only ………………………………………………
47. If you meet her, please call me!=> Should ………………………………………………
48. If you had obeyed orders this disaster would not have happened=>
Had………………………………………………
49. He is so gentle that he never scolds anyone.
=> So………………………………………………
50. He hardly bought a new bike wwhen he had an accident.
(1) => Hardly...........................................
(2) => No sooner
51. The thief ran away.
=> Away………………………………………………
52. I could drive a car only when I reached 30.
=> Only when………………………………………………
53. If he goes to school, he will have money.=> Should………………………………………………
54. The man not only beat the child but also took all her money. => Not
only………………………………………………
55. She will never accept his proposal.
=> At no time………………………………………………
56. Mr. Bean rarely showed his intelligence. => Rarely………………………………………………
57. I phone him as soon as I went home.
(1) => No sooner………………………………………………….....
(2) => Scarcely………………………………………………………….
58. If you had followed the advice, you would have succeeded.
=>Had………………………………………………
59. He dived into the sea.

=> Into………………………………………………
60. If he had money, he would travel.
=> Were………………………………………………
61. She is such a gentle girl that she speaks very softly.
=> Such………………………………………………
62. The girl lay on the bed.
=> On………………………………………………
63. It was not until she was 18 that she went abroad.
=> Not
until………………………………………………
64. We can only improve our skills by training hard. => Only………………………………………………
65. They are here.
=> Here………………………………………………
66. He no longer drinks coffee.
=> No………………………………………………
67. He stood outside the door.
=> Outside………………………………………………
68. It was not until they were robbed of money that they became more careful. => Not until…………………